Bataan

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This article is about the Philippine province. For other uses, see Bataan (disambiguation).
Bataan
Province
Province of Bataan
From left-to-right, top-to-bottom: Bataan Provincial Capitol Building, Mount Samat National Shrine, Bataan Death March Zero-Kilometer Marker, St. Dominic Parish in Abucay, the Freeport Area of Bataan, the Flaming Sword obelisk at Pilar, the Plaza Hotel in the City of Balanga
Flag of Bataan
Flag
Official seal of Bataan
Seal
Location in the Philippines
Location in the Philippines
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 14°41′06″N 120°25′55″E / 14.685°N 120.4319°E / 14.685; 120.4319Coordinates: 14°41′06″N 120°25′55″E / 14.685°N 120.4319°E / 14.685; 120.4319
CountryPhilippines
RegionCentral Luzon
Founded1754
CapitalBalanga
Largest LGUMariveles
Government
 • GovernorAlbert Raymond S. Garcia (NUP)
 • Vice GovernorMa. Cristina M. Garcia (NUP)
 • LegislatureBataan Provincial Board
Area
[1]
 • Total1,372.98 km2 (530.11 sq mi)
 • Rank71st out of 81
Highest elevation
(Mount Mariveles)
1,398 m (4,587 ft)
Population
 (2020 census) [2]
 • Total853,373
 • Rank39th out of 81
 • Density620/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
  • Rank8th out of 81
Divisions
 • Independent cities0
 • Component cities
1
  • Balanga
 • Municipalities
11
  • Abucay
  • Bagac
  • Dinalupihan
  • Hermosa
  • Limay
  • Mariveles
  • Morong
  • Orani
  • Orion
  • Pilar
  • Samal
 • Barangays237
 • DistrictsLegislative districts of Bataan
Demographics
 • Ethnic groups
  • Tagalog (88%)
  • Kapampangan (4%)
  • Sambal (2%)
  • Others (3%)
 • Languages
  • Tagalog
  • English
Time zoneUTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP Code
2100–2114
IDD : area code +63 (0)47
ISO 3166 codePH-BAN
Websitebataan.gov.ph

Bataan (/bɑːtɑːˈɑːn/), officially the Province of Bataan (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Bataan), is a province situated in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest local government unit in the province. Occupying the entire Bataan Peninsula on Luzon, Bataan is bordered by the provinces of Zambales and Pampanga to the north. The peninsula faces the South China Sea to the west and Subic Bay to the north-west, and encloses Manila Bay to the east.

The Battle of Bataan is known in history as one of the last stands of American and Filipino soldiers before they were overwhelmed by the Japanese forces in World War II. The Bataan Death March was named after the province, where the infamous march started.

History[]

Classical Period[]

The first inhabitants of the Bataan peninsula are the Ayta Magbeken people, who are one of the first Negrito ancestors of present-day Filipinos. Later on, Tagalog communities from southern Luzon migrated to parts of Bataan and the Ayta Magbeken migrated towards the mountain areas of Bataan by the end of the 16th century.

Colonial Period[]

In 1647, Dutch naval forces landed in country in an attempt to seize the islands from Spain. The Dutch massacred the people of Abucay in Bataan.

Historian Cornelio Bascara documents that the province of Bataan was established on January 11, 1757 by Governor-General Pedro Manuel Arandia out of territories belonging to Pampanga and the corregimiento of Mariveles which, at that time, included Maragondon, Cavite across the Manila Bay.[3][4]

World War II[]

Main article: Battle of Bataan
March 1942: burning houses after a Japanese bombing raid in Bataan

Bataan featured prominently during World War II. Prior to the 1941 Japanese invasion, Bataan was a military reservation for the purpose of defending the fortress island of Corregidor.[5] The US Army stored nearly 1,000,000 US gallons (3,800 m3) of gasoline there, along with various munitions. At the southern tip of the peninsula the U.S. Navy had established a small base at the port of Mariveles.

Shortly after the Japanese Army invaded the country in December 1941, the combined US and Filipino forces were being gradually overrun and General Douglas MacArthur moved his troops to the Bataan Peninsula in an attempt to hold out until a relief force could be sent from the US. Japanese forces started a siege of the peninsula on January 7, 1942, and launched an all-out assault on April 3, a few months after the Battle of the Points, Battle of the Pockets, the attack down Trail Number Two, and a half-dozen other brutal battles.[6] The Bataan campaign was the last time a regular cavalry unit of the U.S. Army, the Philippine Scouts 26th Cavalry, was used as a horse mounted fighting unit. On the morning of January 16, 1942, Lt. Edwin Ramsey led the last cavalry charge into the town of Morong, routing the advancing Japanese infantry.[7] As the troops on Bataan were continually reduced in rations, the horses were eventually slaughtered to feed the starving soldiers.[8]

The majority of the American and Filipino forces surrendered on April 9 and were forced to march more than 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Bataan to Capas, Tarlac, which became known as the Bataan Death March.

Further information: Bataan Death March

Geography[]

Bataan peninsula's strategic location in the west of Manila Bay, directly across Metro Manila

Bataan lies in the southwestern part of the Central Luzon region. It is a peninsular province with an area of 1,372.98 square kilometres (530.11 sq mi)[9]. The province is bounded in the west by the South China Sea, in the south by the Corregidor Island, and in the east by the Manila Bay - the gateway to the Philippines' political, social and economic center. It is bounded inland by the city of Olongapo in the north and by the provinces of Pampanga and Bulacan in the northeast. Its capital, the City of Balanga, is about 31.3 nautical miles from Manila across the Manila Bay.[10]

Geology[]

Bataan, a peninsula, is composed of 11 municipalities and one city. All except the northern most municipality of Dinalupihan, are coastal areas. The province's coastline is approximately 177 kilometers from Hermosa in the northeastern portion of the province, looping up to Morong in the northwest.

Bataan is divided by two mountain groups of volcanic origins. The northern side is composed of the Mount Natib (elevation 1,253 metres (4,111 ft)), Mount Sta. Rosa and Mount Silangan. The southern group is composed of Mount Mariveles, Mount Samat, and Mount Cuyapo. A narrow pass separates these two mountain groups.[4] The topography of the province is classified generally as hilly and mountainous with a narrow plain on the eastern side. The highest elevation is in the Mariveles mountains at 1,388 meters above sea level.[11]

Bataan has abundant water resources in the form of rivers, streams, creeks, waterfalls and springs. There are more than 100 rivers in the province radiating from the two aforementioned mountain groups. These are important not only for irrigation but also for navigation and fishing as well. The Talisay and Almacen Rivers are the two major rivers in the province. Talisay has its headwater in the Mariveles mountain group extending down to Pilar and Balanga into the Manila Bay. Almacen River has its headwater in the Natib mountains extending down to Hermosa and exits through the Orani Channel to the Manila Bay. Some of the smaller rivers are Abo-abo River, Bantalan River, Lamao River, Saysayin River, Agloloma River, Mamala River.[11]

Coastline[]

A view of the Bataan Peninsula from Manila Bay
Bataan as seen from the entrance of Manila Bay

Muddy tidal flats along the alluvial sandbars characterize the coastline along the Manila Bay. Mangrove areas can be oberved from Orani to Orion, along with seaweed areas and seagrass patches areas from portions of Balanga and Pilar down to Mariveles. The deeper portions are the coastal areas of Orion to Mariveles where most seaports are operating. Poor coral reef patches, mixed with sandy-rocky bottom can be found in Mariveles area, where the coastline begin to take on a rocky character looping from the mouth of Manila Bay to the western side of the province. The coastline facing the South China Sea is interspersed with pristine beaches with rocky portions and fringes of coral reef in good condition from Bagac to Morong, which is a haven for sea turtles and other marine animals.[11]

Climate[]

Bataan has distinct dry and wet seasons categorized as Type I in the Philippines' Modified Coronas' Climate Classification (Climate of the Philippines). The dry season begins in November and ends in April, while the rainy season starts in May and ends in October. The most rains come in June to August. Mean average rainfall in August is the heaviest at 633mm. Bataan is often visited by typhoons. Farming systems in the province follow these climatic cycles.[11]

Administrative divisions[]

Bataan is administratively subdivided into 11 municipalities and one component city.

Political map of Bataan

Demographics[]

Population census of Bataan
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 46,787—    
1918 58,340+1.48%
1939 85,538+1.84%
1948 92,901+0.92%
1960 145,323+3.80%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1970 216,210+4.05%
1975 263,269+4.03%
1980 323,254+4.19%
1990 425,803+2.79%
1995 491,459+2.72%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2000 557,659+2.75%
2007 662,153+2.40%
2010 687,482+1.38%
2015 760,650+1.94%
2020 853,373+2.29%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [12] [13][14]

The population of Bataan in the 2020 census was 853,373 people, [2] with a density of 620 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,600 inhabitants per square mile. The demonym for natives of the province is Bataeño.

Ethnicity[]

The three most prominent ethnic groups in Bataan are the Tagalogs, the Kapampangans and the Ayta Magbeken, though the third group has a lower population despite being the province's first inhabitants. The second group is mainly present at the northeast of the province, as well as in the provincial capital to a lesser extent.

Religion[]

Various religious groups are subscribed to by the people but Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion, comprising 85.46% of the Bataan population.[citation needed] Several other Christian and non-Christian faiths include Iglesia ni Cristo (4.47%), Evangelivcals (2.06%), Aglipayans (1.60%) and other groups.

Human Development[]

Bataan is consistently amongst the provinces in the Philippines with high Human Development Index. The 2015 HDI of the province is 0.793.[15]

Economy[]

Economic Significance[]

Bataan is one of the most progressive provinces of Central Luzon and Manila Bay Region, and a key contributor to the region's overall economic productivity. The province is strategically located right in the middle of the country's growth triad corridor of Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone, Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone and Metro Manila. It is one of the Philippines' industrial heartland owing to the presence of anchor industries, two freeport zones and several special manufacturing zones. Due to these factors plus the province's competitive incentives offered to new business locators, the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry adjudged Bataan as the most business friendly province in the country during the 47th Philippine Business Conference Expo held last November 2021. This is the second time the province had received such recognition, the first one was in 2018.[23]

In 2020, Bataan registered the third highest locally-sourced income among all the provinces in the Philippines as certified by the Department of Finance - Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF).[24]

Industries and Manufacturing[]

The 180,000 bpsd Petron Bataan Refinery in Limay, Bataan is the sole integrated oil refinery and petrochemical complex in the Philippines
The Freeport Area of Bataan, formerly known as Bataan Export Processing Zone until June 30, 2010, is the fastest growing freeport in the country in terms of investments[25]
Government Arsenal made sniper rifles on display

Bataan hosts various industries, ranging from light to heavy. These industries are producing diverse products for domestic distribution and export such as refined petroleum products, petrochemicals, ammunition, industrial grade explosives, marine vessels, luxury yachts, pre-cast concrete, cement, steel building materials, animal feeds, fertilizers, fiberglass products, electronic components, medical personal protective equipment, paper, plastic products, optical lense, textile and leather products, and sporting goods and apparels.[11] Dunlop Slazenger Philippines Inc. in the Freeport Area of Bataan, Mariveles specially takes pride as the exclusive producer of tennis balls used in The Championships, Wimbledon.[26]

The largest industrial complexes operating in the province are listed below.

  • Petron Bataan Refinery or PBR (Limay) - is the only integrated oil refinery and petrochemical complex in the Philippines with rated capacity of 180,000 barrels per stream day (bpsd). In 2016, PBR commissioned its $2-Billion Upgrade Project dubbed the Refinery Master Plan Phase 2 (RMP-2). It enhanced the refinery's conversion capability and as a result, further enhanced the country’s supply security. It also made Petron capable of locally producing fuels that meet global Euro IV and Euro VI emission standards. It has a Nelson Complexity Index of 13 making it among the most modern and complex refineries in Asia [27][28][29]
  • Philippine National Oil Corporation (PNOC) Industrial Park (Limay and Mariveles) - is previously known as PNOC-Philippine Petrochemical Development Complex, it's one of largest industrial complexes in the province housing various petrochemical manufacturers producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP); and industrial explosives manufacturer Orica Philippines.[30]
  • The Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB) (Mariveles) - is formerly known as Bataan Export Processing Zone (the first economic zone in the country). It was converted into a freeport zone on June 30, 2010 eight months after the enactment of Republic Act 9728 in October 23, 2009. This was later amended in August 30, 2019, through Republic Act 11453, giving powers to the freeport to expand its territory anywhere within the bounds of the province Bataan.[31] FAB is the third largest freeport zone in the country based in the number of investors and employment created, behind Clark Freeport and Subic Freeport. Currently, there are about 44 manufacturers operating in the freeport employing roughly 40,000 personnels and producing various products such as leather goods, electronics, textile, rubber and plastic products, medical PPE, fabricated metals, animal feeds, marine vessels and lenses. The total export value for these products reached more than US$838 million by end of 2021. FAB is also an emerging hub for fintech and blockchain businesses hosting a number of these companies.[32][33]
  • Government Arsenal (Limay) - is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of National Defense, responsible for the production of basic weaponry and ammunition for the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), and the Philippine National Police (PNP), among others, and for the sale and export of products in excess of AFP/PNP requirements.
  • Hermosa Ecozone and Industrial Park (Hermosa) - or shortened as HEIP is a 162-hectares industrial estate component of a 478-hectare mixed-use property development in the province of Bataan by the Hermosa Ecozone Development Corporation an arm of the Science Park of the Philippines, Incorporated. The project is a registered Special Economic Zone (Ecozone) under the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA).[34]
  • Bataan 2020, Inc. (Samal) - Bataan 2020 is a leading manufacturer of fine quality paper, board and tissue in the Philippines. The company is among the most diversified paper mills in the industry, with a capacity of over 100,000 metric tons of paper annually.[35]
  • Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone - commonly shorterned as Subic Bay or Subic (but should no be mistaken for the municipality of Subic, Zambales), is a special economic and freeport zone covering portions of Olongapo and Subic in Zambales, and Morong and Hermosa in Bataan. The relatively developed and fenced area is called the Subic Bay Freeport Zone (SBFZ). This was the only freeport zone in Bataan until the conversion of Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) into Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB) in Mariveles on June 30, 2010.
  • Bataan Technology Park Inc. (Morong) - the 365-hectare property, is once the site of the Philippine Refugee Processing Center, which offered shelter to some 400,000 refugees from Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. The property is now administered by Bases Conversion and Development Authority and is planned for an industrial and tourism development.[36]

Bataan is also a strategic transport route and transshipment point linking the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone and the rest of the western part of Central Luzon region to Metro Manila. Several private ports, dry docks/ship yards, and bulk terminals are operating along its long eastern coast facing the Manila Bay. Among these are San Miguel Corporation Shipping and Lighterage, Petron Corporation Limay Terminal, PNOC, Planters Products Inc. Bulk Handling Terminal, Seasia-Nectar Terminal, Oilink, Jetti Petroleum, Orion Dockyard, Herma Shipyard, Seafront Terminal and Shipyard, and Total Philippines.

Agriculture and Fisheries[]

Agriculture and fishery productions are major sources of income for the people of Bataan. Productions range from crops, fruits, fish, shellfish and other marine species. About 44,000 hectares of land are utilized for farming. The top five agricultural crops produced by the province are palay (rice), corn, coconut, mango and banana.[37] Bataan is frequently included in the top ten poultry and poultry product producers in the country,[38] it hosts modern chicken dressing and processing plants owned by San Miguel Corporation and Bounty Fresh Chicken. The municipalities of Dinalupihan, Hermosa, Orani, Samal, Abucay, Pilar and Orion are the main contributors for agricultural output of the Province.

Being a peninsula, Bataan is one of the major sources of various marine products in Luzon, that include good quality tilapia, bangus (milkfish), tiger prawn, mud crab, and bivalves such as mussel, oyster and capiz.[11]

Commerce and Services[]

Town Square of the City of Balanga

Bataan is in a process of accelerated growth in commercial sector driven mainly by young entrepreneurs and the advent of online commerce. Based from the Philippine Statistics Authority, more than 10,000 micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) are operating in the province.[39] With an average of 126 enterprises available per 10,000 people, Bataan is considered as the most enterprising province in Central Luzon.

The City of Balanga, the capital of Bataan, is the prime commercial hub in the province and hosting several shopping centers notably SM City Bataan, Vista Mall Bataan, Waltermart Balanga, Capitol Square, Galeria Victoria, Center Plaza Mall, Recar Commercial Complex and Ocampo's Megastore. In addition, a new shopping mall, Robinsons Place Balanga City is expected to start construction in this year of 2022. The municipalities of Dinalupihan, Hermosa, Orani, Mariveles and Orion are considered as secondary commercial hubs. The rest of the municipalities have established smaller business district enough to support the local demand.

Information Technology and Business Process Outsourcing[]

The City of Balanga is one of the twenty-five (25) emerging digital hubs identified by The Digital Cities 2025 program by the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), Information Technology and Business Process Association of the Philippines (IBPAP), and Leechiu Property Consultants, Inc. (LPC).[40] It hosts several outsourcing companies such as Genpact, Boston-based start-up Botkeeper, and Australia-based Yoonet. While in the town of Mariveles, the Freeport Area of Bataan is now hosting several blockchain and fintech firms.[41] The town of Abucay is also being groomed as the province's next BPO hub thru its First Abucay Freeport Inc. which is a declared expansion area of the Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan and with Cognizant as its first locator.

Banking and Finance[]

Based from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) statistics, as of September 2021, there are 41 universal and commercial bank branches, 36 thrift bank branches, and 31 rural and cooperative bank branches scattered around the province.[42]

Tourist attractions[]

Historical places[]

Shrine of Valor in Mount Samat also known as Mount Samat National Shrine
The Filipino-Japanese Friendship Tower in Bagac
  • Bataan Death March Marker (Orani)
  • Bataan First Line of Defense (Layac, Dinalupihan)
  • Filipino-Japanese Friendship Tower (Bagac)
  • Limbagang Pinpin (Abucay)
  • Mount Samat – Mount Samat National Shrine (Pilar)
  • World War II Museum (Balanga)
  • Zero Kilometer Death March Marker (Mariveles and Bagac)
  • The Flaming Sword (Pilar)
  • Cayetano Arellano Monument and Hometown Marker (Orion)

Churches[]

Other places of interest[]

Umagol River in Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar in Bagac
  • Bataan Tourism Center – Balanga
  • Bataan Tourism Park - Roman Highway, Bagong Silang, Balanga
  • Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar – Bagac
  • Philippine Refugee Processing Center – Morong
  • Ocean Adventure – Mabayo, Morong (SBFZ)
  • Zoobic Safari – Mabayo, Morong (SBFZ)
  • Major General Edward P. King (Grave) – Lamao
  • Sinagtala Farm Resort & Adventure Park – Orani
  • Vista Tala Resort & Recreational Park – Orani
  • Camaya Coast (Camaya Sands Resorts and Leisure) – Mariveles
  • Montemar Beach Club – Bagac
  • Duhat Bike Trail – Orion
  • GICC Technopark - Freeport Area of Bataan
  • Pawikan Conservation Center - Morong

Natural places of interest[]

  • Ambon-ambon (Lumutan) Falls (Binukawan, Bagac)
  • Anvaya Cove (Morong)
  • Balong Anito (Mariveles)
  • Bataan National Park
  • Camaya Coast (Mariveles)
  • Dunsulan Falls(Pilar)
  • Duhat Trail (Orion)
  • Laki (Laque) Beach (Mariveles)
  • Marilag Cove (Bagac)
  • Mariveles Five Fingers (Mariveles)
  • Mount Malasimbu (Dinalupihan)
  • Mount Mariveles
  • Mount Natib (Orani)
  • Nagbintana Arc (Mariveles)
  • Panoypoy Cove (Mariveles)
  • Pasukulan Falls (Abucay)
  • Playa La Caleta (Morong)
  • Roosevelt Protected Landscape
  • San Miguel Mountain Peak (Mariveles)
  • Sibul Spring (Abucay)
  • Sinagtala & Vista Tala (Orani)
  • Talain Cove (Mariveles)
  • Tarak Ridge (Mariveles)
  • Tortugas Bay Park (Balanga)

How to get there[]

A Bataan Transit bus

Bataan is served by a number of bus companies with the following routes:

  • Victory Liner - Olongapo to Balanga, and vice-versa; Tuguegarao City to Balanga, and vice-versa
  • Bataan Transit - Cubao, Pasay and Avenida to Balanga and Mariveles, and vice versa; San Fernando, La Union to Mariveles, and vice-versa
  • Genesis Transport - Cubao, Pasay and Avenida to Balanga and Mariveles, and vice versa; Baguio City to Mariveles, and vice-versa; San Jose City, Nueva Ecija to Mariveles, and vice-versa.
  • Oster Liner - San Fernando, Pampanga to Balanga, and vice-versa.

A ferry service crossing the Manila Bay is also available through 1Bataan Integrated Transport Service Inc. with a route from Esplanade Seaside Terminal, Mall of Asia complex in Pasay to Port Capinpin in Orion and vice versa.

Infrastructure[]

Power[]

Generation[]

GN Power Mariveles
A solar power facility in Tipo, Hermosa area of the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone, Philippines

Bataan is a location of bulk power generation, where most of the power generated is sent to the Luzon Grid. Most power plants in Bataan rely on fossil fuels, like oil and coal, but renewable energy sources, primarily solar power, form part of the total generation. The total output of existing power plants equals to 2,210.4 MW, and new power plants to start operation will increase the output to 4,202 MW.

Fossil fuel-fired plants account for 2078 MW, and are mostly concentrated in Limay and Mariveles. These include the GN Power Mariveles Coal Power Plant, with 690 (2x345) MW, SMC Limay Greenfield Power Plant (4x150 MW), Petron Cogeneration Power Plant (4x35 MW), and Panasia Bataan Combined Cycle Power Plant (648 MW).[43] Three plants are under construction, the Dinginin Power Station (1,336 MW), Petron's Refinery Solid Fuel-Fired Boiler Project - Phase 3 (44 MW), and SMC Mariveles Coal Power Plant (4x150). These will increase the capacity by 1980 MW.[44] Three natural gas-fired power plants with combined capacity of 3,275 MW are proposed, one planned in Limay and two in Mariveles. These are currently endorsed by the Department of Energy (Philippines) for grid-impact study.[45]

Renewable energy, accounts for 92.4 MW. Existing renewable energy power plants include the Bataan 2020 Cogen Power Plant (12.5 MW), Cleangreen Energy Corp. Napier Grass Fired Power Plant (12 MW), YH Green Energy Solar Power Plant (12.6 MW), Citicore Solar Power Plant (18 MW), Morong Solar Power Plant (5 MW), and Jobin-Sqm Inc.'s Sta. Rita Solar (32.3 MW) in Tipo, Hermosa side of Subic Bay Freeport Zone.[43] While additional 11.64 MW are expected from two projects that are on the advanced stage of construction, these are Citicore's 6.64 MW solar rooftop project in the Freeport Area of Bataan,[46] and Ayala Corp.'s Bataan Solar Energy Inc. with 5 MW in Batangas Dos, Mariveles.[47] Two more solar power projects are in the pipeline - Solana Solar Power Project (28 MW) and Jobin-Sqm Inc. Bataan Solar Power Project Phases 1, 2, 3a-3b (100 MW).[44] Also, two wind power projects are planned, the 500 MW Bagac Bay Offshore Wind Project and 300 MW Bagac Bay Onshore Wind Project, both by Earth Sol Power Corporation. These are also endorsed by the Department of Energy for grid impact study.[45]

In 2021, San Miguel Corporation's Universal Power Solutions Inc. together with its partner Wärtsilä commissioned the first Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in Limay with 40 MW/40MWh capacity.[48] Three more BESS projects are committed to be built - Hermosa Battery Energy Storage System (40 MW/40MWh), Lamao Battery Energy Storage System Phases 1 and 2 (30 MW/30MWh, 20 MW/20MWh), and BCCP Limay Battery Energy Storage System Project Phase 2 (20 MW/40MWh). All by Universal Power Solutions Incorporated.[44]

The Bataan Nuclear Power Plant in Morong, with a design 600 MW capacity, was supposed to be the first nuclear power plant in the Philippines. It was supposed to commence operation in 1986, but was mothballed amidst critical opposition to the Marcos regime and concerns on nuclear power. There is some discussion of either rehabilitating the plant, which would likely be uneconomical, or constructing a new nuclear power station.

Transmission[]

Power is transmitted to the province through various transmission lines and substations located within the province. There are four transmission substations located within the province which are the Hermosa, Hermosa EHV, Limay, and Mariveles EHV substations of National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP). Since 2018, the province has a network of 500 kV transmission lines which are the Mariveles-Hermosa, GNPower Dinginin-NGCP Mariveles, Hermosa-Castillejos, Hermosa-San Jose, and MPGC – Mariveles Power Plant-NGCP Mariveles lines. All transmission lines and facilities within the province, including the 500 kV lines mentioned before, are operated and maintained by NGCP.

Distribution[]

Bataan electric utilities.svg

Power distribution in the province are served by the Peninsula Electric Cooperative (PENELCO), but some large customers have their power supply sourced from the transmission grid, whose network of 69,000 volt lines supply substations owned by PENELCO. On Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB) and barangays Malaya and Maligaya, they are served by the Utility Management Department (UMD) of National Transmission Corporation (TransCo).

Sea ports / terminals[]

Port of Mariveles in Bataan

Port Management[]

Port Management Office (PMO) - Bataan/Aurora of the Philippine Ports Authority is responsible for financing, management and operations of public ports operating in Bataan. Currently there are three government-owned ports, and these are:[49]

  • Port of Lamao/Limay – Baseport (PMO)
  • Port of Mariveles – Subport (TMO)
  • Port of Capinpin/Orion– Subport (TMO)

Limay and Mariveles ports are primarily used by tramper vessels/tankers catering to the requirement of industries and companies operating in the province. While the Port of Capinpin is equipped for Roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) vessels to carry passengers which is served by 1Bataan Integrated Transport System from Esplanade Seaside Terminal at the Mall of Asia, Pasay to Orion and vice-versa.

There are also 15 private ports/terminals that are operating in the province, namely:[49][50]

  • Jetti Petroleum Inc. (Mariveles)
  • OilLink International Corporation (Mariveles)
  • Petron Bataan Refinery (PBR) (Limay)
  • PNOC (Mariveles)
  • Planters Products Inc. (PPI)/GPII (Limay)
  • Seafront Shipyard (Mariveles)
  • SL Harbor Bulk Terminal Corporation (SLHBTC) (Limay)
  • SMC Consolidated Power Corporation (Limay)
  • GN Power (Mariveles)
  • ATI Mariveles Grains Corporation (MGC) (Mariveles)
  • Herma/Mariveles Shipyard Corportation (MSC) (Mariveles)
  • SMC-Shipping and Lighterage (Mariveles)
  • Total Philippines (Mariveles)
  • Seasia-Nectar Mariveles Dry Bulk Terminal (Mariveles)
  • Bataan Nuclear Power Plant Pier (Morong)

The Subic Bay International Terminal Corporation in Cubi Point, Subic Bay Freeport Zone, while geographically within Bataan thru the municipality of Morong, is administered by Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority.

Customs Administration[]

Thru the Customs Administrative Order (CAO)-05-2008,[51] the new Collection District No. XVI to be known as Bureau of Customs (BOC)-Port Limay was established. It has jurisdiction and is responsible for assessment and collection of customs revenues from imported goods and other dues, fees, charges, fines and penalties accruing under the Customs Modernization and Tariff Act (RA 10863) from all ports within the province of Bataan excluding the portions of the province that is within the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone as defined by R.A. No. 7227. The BOC-Port of Limay is considered as the fourth largest port in the Philippines in terms of revenue collection, behind Manila International Container Port (MICP), Port of Batangas, and Port of Manila.[52]

Airport[]

Aerial view of Subic Bay International Airport
  • Subic Bay International Airport – located in Cubi Point, Mabayo, Morong area of Subic Bay Freeport Zone. It serves as a secondary and diversion airport for Ninoy Aquino International Airport and Clark International Airport. The airport was formerly the Naval Air Station Cubi Point, part of the U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay, before the base closed in 1992.

Highways, expressways and national roads[]

Tipo Interchange in Hermosa, Bataan, before the toll system integration with NLEx.

Bataan is served by a network of national highways and two expressways. Roman Superhighway, part of highway N301, and Jose Abad Santos Avenue, or highway N3 and Olongapo-Gapan Road, forms the backbone of the national highway network. Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway and Subic Freeport Expressway, are toll expressways, linking the province with Pampanga, Tarlac and Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone. The Layac-Balanga-Mariveles Port Road (a.k.a. Old National Road), Bagac-Mariveles Road, SBMA-Morong Road and Governor J.J. Linao National Road forms the secondary network, which connects the smaller municipalities with the main highway network [53][54]

An Asian Development Bank-supported 32-kilometer bridge called Bataan–Cavite Interlink Bridge is proposed to connect Bataan with Cavite crossing the Manila Bay. The contract for detailed engineering and design was awarded on October 2020.[55]

Railway[]

The Subic–Clark Railway Project is a proposed freight rail expansion of the Philippine National Railways (PNR) Luzon System Development Framework. Initially a freight railway, the line will connect Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone and the Clark Freeport and Special Economic Zone, linking Subic Port with Clark International Airport and other major economic hubs in Central Luzon, especially New Clark City, and forming an integrated logistics hub for the development of Central Luzon as a new growth center to decongest Metro Manila.[56]

Education[]

As of 2018, literacy rate in Bataan is 99.4% (Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over).[57] Access to education opportunities is provided by 259 elementary schools, 84 secondary schools and 19 tertiary schools, owned and operated by either the government or private persons/groups. There are also 6 TESDA-accredited institutions offering technical/vocational courses.[58]

Educational Institutions[]

Bataan Peninsula State University or BPSU is a state-owned university and the leading tertiary education provider in the province. It was established by virtue of Republic Act 9403, signed into law on 22 March 2007. It is a conglomeration of five state-owned higher education institutions in Bataan. The university currently has six campuses scattered across the province - the Main Campus (formerly Bataan National School of Arts and Trade), Balanga Campus (formerly Bataan Community Colleges), Abucay Campus (formerly Bataan National Agricultural School), Dinalupihan Campus (formerly Bataan State College), Orani Campus (formerly Bataan National Polytechnic School), and Bagac Campus.

Another state-owned higher education institution in the province is Polytechnic University of the Philippines Bataan, which is a satellite campus of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines in Sta. Mesa, Manila, established in 1976. It is located inside the Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB) in Mariveles.

Other notable tertiary education institutions in Bataan are listed below:

  • AMA Computer Learning Center – Balanga
  • APG International Aviation Academy – Cubi Point, Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Morong
  • Asia Pacific College of Advanced Studies (APCAS) – Balanga
  • Bataan Heroes Memorial College – Balanga
  • Bataan Maritime Institute – Balanga
  • Colegio de San Juan de Letran Bataan – Abucay
  • College of Subic Montessori – Dinalupihan
  • Eastwoods College of Science and Technology – Dinalupihan
  • EastWoods Professional College of Science and Technology (formerly SOFTNET College of Science and Technology) – Balanga
  • Fist Aviation Academy, Inc. – Cubi Point, Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Morong
  • Limay Polytechnic College – Limay
  • Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific – Mariveles
  • Microcity College of Business and Technology (Formerly: Microcity Computer College Foundation, Inc.) – Balanga
  • Omni Aviation School – Cubi Point, Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Morong
  • Philippine Women's University CDCEC Bataan - Balanga
  • St. Joseph Colleges of Balanga – Balanga
  • Softnet Information Technology Center – Mariveles
  • Tomas del Rosario College – Balanga
  • University of Nueva Caceres – Dinalupihan

Iskolar ng Bataan[]

Iskolar ng Bataan is a provincial government-funded tertiary education scholarship program with a primary goal of producing at least one professional in every household in the province and be gainfully employed in the trade and industries operating inside or outside the province.[59]

Bataan Highschool for the Arts[]

Through Republic Act No. 11190, the Bataan High School for the Arts is established as the second specialized public high school in the Philippines offering arts-focused education after the Makiling-based Philippine High School for the Arts (PHSA).

The School aims to develop artistically gifted and talented students by implementing a special secondary education curriculum and support programs committed to the conservation and promotion of the Filipino artistic and cultural traditions. This is also a Center for Arts and Design of the Senior High School Program among the twenty school divisions of Central Luzon. Through the establishment of the BHSA, DepEd will be able to help select, stimulate, and prepare students for a career in the arts and cultural work who will serve the region and the country.[60]

Notable people[]

National Heroes and Patriots[]

  • Cayetano Arellano (Orion) – first Supreme Court Chief Justice of the Republic of the Philippines
  • Francisco Baltazar (Orion) – one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates, born in Bigaa (Balagtas), Bulacan but spent his adult life in Orion, Bataan
  • Tomas Pinpin (Abucay) – printer, writer and publisher; first Filipino printer
  • Tomas del Rosario (Orani) – judge, statesman and first governor of the province of Bataan from 1903 to 1905. He was one of the delegates to the Malolos Congress in 1898 and to the Philippine Assembly from 1909 to 1912.

Politics, Military and Government[]

  • Pedro Tuazon (Balanga) – Solicitor General of the Philippines, 1921
  • Luz Banzon (Balanga) – wife of Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay; seventh First Lady of the Philippines
  • Merceditas Gutierrez (Samal) – ombudsman, first female to head the post
  • Manuel C. Herrera (Pilar) – Ombudsman, justice of the Court of Appeals and chair of the National Unification Commission
  • Felicito Payumo (Dinalupihan) – Chairman of the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority from 1998 to 2004
  • Geraldine Roman (Orani) – journalist and politician; first transgender woman elected to Congress of the Philippines
  • Alfredo Juinio (Limay) – Secretary Department of Public Works and Highways
  • Harry Roque (Limay) – a lawyer and the current Presidential Spokesperson

Business and Economy[]

  • David Consunji (Samal) – chairman of publicly listed holding firm, DMCI Holdings, Incorporated
  • Manuel Bamba Villar Jr. (Orani) – the richest Filipino,[61] and founder of Vista Land; a former Senator, Republic of the Philippines

Education, Arts and Sciences[]

  • Julian Banzon (Balanga) - is a National Scientist of the Philippines for Chemistry
  • Lázaro Francisco (Orani) - was a Filipino novelist, essayist and playwright. Francisco was posthumously named a National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 2009.[62]
  • Heny Sison (Orani) - a renowned pastry chef and teacher. Through the years, she’s had a whole range of students—from housewives to celebrities to small-time entrepreneurs who would become success stories, among them the Lorenzanas behind Wildflour, the owner of Costa Brava, even Baby Yulo of Forbes Park’s famous strawberry shortcake.[63]

Religion[]

  • Manuel C. Sobreviñas (Dinalupihan) - Bishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Imus
  • Oscar V. Cruz (Balanga) – Archbishop Emeritus of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lingayen-Dagupan

Sports and Entertainment[]

  • Erika Casupanan (Hermosa) - winner of Survivor 41
  • Romi Garduce (Balanga) – was among the first Filipinos to reach the peak of Mount Everest
  • Gary David (Dinalupihan) – a professional basketball star and television actor/comedian
  • Rodel Naval (Orion) – Filipino singer, songwriter and actor.
  • Evangeline Pascual (Orani) – actress and First Runner-up Miss World 1973
  • Kerby Raymundo (Orion) – a professional basketball star
  • Mel Tiangco (Pilar) – popular television newscaster and television host; head of GMA Kapuso foundation
  • Janine Tugonon (Orion) – model, TV host and beauty pageant titleholder- Miss Universe 2012 first runner-up
  • Jessica Sanchez (Samal) – a singer-songwriter. She rose to prominence following her finish as the runner-up on the eleventh season of American Idol.

See also[]

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External links[]

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 
Download coordinates as: KML
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