By-elections to the House of Lords

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Following the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999, the number of hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords was reduced to ninety-two. Ninety of the first ninety-two were elected by all the hereditary peers before the passing of the reform. Since November 2002, by-elections have been held to fill vacancies left by deaths, resignations or disqualifications of those peers. Since the passing of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014, by-elections have also been held to fill vacancies left by the retirements of those peers.

Before the passing of the 1999 Act, the Lords approved a Standing Order stating that the remaining hereditary peers shall consist of:

  • 2 peers to be elected by the Labour hereditary peers
  • 42 peers to be elected by the Conservative hereditary peers
  • 3 peers to be elected by the Liberal Democrat hereditary peers
  • 28 peers to be elected by the Crossbench hereditary peers
  • 15 peers to be elected by the whole House
  • The holders of the offices of Earl Marshal and Lord Great Chamberlain to be ex officio members.[1]

Elections must be held within three months of a vacancy occurring,[2] and they take place under the Alternative Vote system.[3] All those on the Register of Hereditary Peers are eligible to stand, but only sitting (the "excepted") hereditary peers may vote for the 75 seats reserved for a single parliamentary group (which can result in very small electorates, such as three voters in the 2003 election of Lord Grantchester);[4][5] for the 15 peers elected by the whole house, life peers may also vote.

As of July 2021, there have been 17 by-elections among Crossbench peers; 10 by-elections among Conservative peers; 2 among Liberal Democrat peers and 2 among Labour peers. In addition, there have been 10 by-elections by the whole House.

Current composition[]

Further information: List of elected hereditary peers under the House of Lords Act 1999

As of August 2021, the party affiliations of the elected hereditary peers are as follows:[6]

Affiliation Elected by Conservative
hereditary peers		 Elected by Crossbench
hereditary peers		 Elected by Labour
hereditary peers		 Elected by Liberal Democrat
hereditary peers		 Elected by
whole House		      Total     
Conservative 38[a][b] - - - 9 47
Crossbenchers 2[b] 28 - - 4[c] 34
Labour - - 2 - 1 3
Liberal Democrats - - - 3 [c] 3
Non-affiliated 2[a] - - - - 2
Total 42 28 2 3 14 89
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Lord Inglewood and Lord Willoughby de Broke were elected by Conservative hereditary peers but now sit as non-affiliated peers.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Earl Peel and Duke of Wellington were elected by Conservative hereditary peers but now sit as Crossbenchers.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Viscount Falkland and Earl of Oxford and Asquith were elected by the whole House as Liberal Democrats but now sit as Crossbenchers.
  • Two additional hereditary peers are ex oficio members of the Lords: Duke of Norfolk (Earl Marshal) and Marquess of Cholmondeley (Lord Great Chamberlain), both of whom sit as non-affiliated peers.

By-election results[]

2003[]

After the death of the Viscount of Oxfuird
Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), March 2003[7]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14 Count 15 Count 16 Count 17 Count 18
Conservative Green tickYViscount Ullswater[8] 86 89 89 91 91 94 95 101 103 109 111 114 116 123 123 127 144 151
Crossbench Viscount Montgomery of Alamein 46 46 46 46 48 49 49 53 54 56 56 61 63 66 68 80 95 116
Labour Lord Grantchester 57 58 59 59 59 59 59 59 60 60 61 62 64 65 83 92 93 -
Conservative Viscount Eccles 31 32 33 34 35 37 37 41 43 44 46 47 48 53 53 55 - -
Crossbench Lord Meston 39 40 40 42 42 44 44 44 45 45 45 45 48 48 48 - - -
Labour Lord Monkswell 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 29 29 31 31 - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Clancarty[a] 10 12 12 12 12 13 14 16 17 17 17 - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Rathcavan 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Trenchard 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Weir 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl Cathcart 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Norrie 8 8 8 10 10 11 11 11 - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Brentford 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Cranbrook 5 7 7 8 8 9 9 - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Stockton 6 6 7 8 9 9 9 - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Effingham 6 6 6 6 6 6 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Iveagh 5 5 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord de Ramsey 4 4 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl Cairns 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Addison 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Birdwood 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Liberal Democrats Earl of Glasgow 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Vaux of Harrowden 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Kinnoull 2 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord de Mauley 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Gray 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Hood 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Independent Lord Kennet 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Torrington 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Teynham 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Swinton 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Strathcarron 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Rowallan 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Poole 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Pender 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Napier of Magdala 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Morris 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Lawrence 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Kintore 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Gladwyn 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Cromer 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Birkett 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Independent Lord Ashbourne 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Others 37 others 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 661   Valid: 423   Spoilt: 3   Quota: 212   Turnout: 426
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Viscount Clancarty, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
After the death of Lord Milner of Leeds
Labour hereditary peers' by-election, October 2003[9]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYLord Grantchester[10][8] 2
Viscount Hanworth 1
9 others 0
Electorate: 3   Valid: 3   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 1   Turnout: 3

2004[]

After the death of Lord Vivian:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, May 2004[11]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11
Green tickYViscount Trenchard 8 8 8 8 9 10 12 12 14 17 24
Viscount Eccles 7 7 8 9 9 9 9 10 13 15 18
Earl Cathcart 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 10 11 13 -
Viscount Weir 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 - -
Viscount Torrington 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 - - -
Lord de Mauley 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - -
Lord Rathcavan 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - -
Lord Terrington 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - -
Lord Norrie 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - -
Lord Harlech 1 1 1 - - - - - - - -
Viscount Brentford 1 1 - - - - - - - - -
Viscount Addison 1 - - - - - - - - - -
25 others 0 - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 48   Valid: 45   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 23   Turnout: 45

2005[]

After the death of the Earl Russell:

Liberal Democrat hereditary peers' by-election, January 2005[12]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYEarl of Glasgow 4
2 others 0
Electorate: 4   Valid: 4   Spoilt: 0   Quota:   Turnout: 4

After the death of Lord Burnham:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, March 2005[13]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10
Green tickYLord de Mauley 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 16 21
Earl Cathcart 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 10 11 13
Viscount Eccles 6 6 6 7 8 8 8 9 10 -
Viscount Torrington 2 3 4 4 4 5 7 7 - -
Earl of Stockton 4 4 4 4 5 6 7 - - -
Viscount Weir 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - -
Lord Rathcavan 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - -
Lord de Ramsey 2 2 2 2 - - - - - -
Lord Norrie 1 1 1 - - - - - - -
Lord Margadale 1 1 - - - - - - - -
Viscount Addison 1 - - - - - - - - -
25 others 0 - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 47   Valid: 42   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 21   Turnout: 42

After the death of Lord Aberdare:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), March 2005[14]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14 Count 15 Count 16 Count 17 Count 18 Count 19 Count 20 Count 21 Count 22 Count 23 Count 24
Conservative Green tickYViscount Eccles 92 92 92 92 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 94 94 96 96 98 102 104 111 119 129 146 168
Labour Lord Monkswell 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 63 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 64 65 65 67
Liberal Democrats Earl of Carlisle 49 49 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 51 51 53 54 54 55 59 61
Conservative Earl Cathcart 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 34 35 36 36 38 40 41 44 -
Conservative Earl of Stockton 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 26 27 27 31 34 35 39 - -
Conservative Lord Norrie 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 25 27 27 28 31 - - -
Conservative Viscount Torrington 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 - - - -
Conservative Lord de Ramsey 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 14 - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Birkett 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 12 - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Rathcavan 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Weir 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Poole 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Hood 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Margadale 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Terrington 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Tryon 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
UKIP Duke of Rutland 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Addison 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Vivian 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Rowallan 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Massereene and Ferrard[a] 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Kinnoull 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Killearn 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Glanusk 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Clifford of Chudleigh 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl Alexander of Tunis 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Others 10 others 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 687   Valid: 348   Spoilt: 4   Quota: 174   Turnout: 352
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Oriel, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of Baroness Strange:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, June 2005[15]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYViscount Montgomery of Alamein 11 11 11 11 11 11
Earl of Effingham 4 4 5 6 7 8
Earl of Clancarty[a] 5 5 5 5 6 -
Earl of Stair 3 3 4 4 - -
Lord Gladwyn 2 3 3 - - -
Earl of Iveagh 2 2 - - - -
Lord Milford 1 - - - - -
19 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 28   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 28
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Viscount Clancarty, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2007[]

After the death of Lord Mowbray and Stourton:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, March 2007[16]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7
Green tickYEarl Cathcart 10 11 11 12 12 16 21
Viscount Younger of Leckie 12 13 13 14 15 16 17
Earl of Stockton 6 6 6 7 9 11 -
Viscount Torrington 2 4 6 6 7 - -
Lord Rathcavan 4 4 4 4 - - -
Lord de Ramsey 3 3 3 - - - -
Viscount Weir 1 2 - - - - -
Earl Alexander of Tunis 1 - - - - - -
Lord Birdwood 1 - - - - - -
Lord Chesham 1 - - - - - -
Earl of Iveagh 1 - - - - - -
Lord Margadale 1 - - - - - -
30 others 0 - - - - - -
Electorate: 47   Valid: 43   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 22   Turnout: 43

2008[]

After the death of the Baroness Darcy de Knayth:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, May 2008[17]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYEarl of Stair 6 6 7 9 11 14
Earl of Clancarty[a] 7 8 8 9 9 10
Lord Aberdare 4 4 4 4 5 -
Viscount Devonport 3 3 3 3 - -
Lord Cromwell 2 3 3 - - -
Lord Darcy de Knayth 2 2 - - - -
Lord Milford 1 - - - - -
Lord Terrington 1 - - - - -
25 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 26
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Viscount Clancarty, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2009[]

After the death of the Viscount Bledisloe:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2009[18]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYLord Aberdare 10 12 12 12 13
Lord Sempill 2 3 5 5 5
Viscount Hood 4 4 4 4 4
Earl of Clancarty[a] 3 3 3 4 -
Lord Hacking 2 3 3 - -
Duke of Somerset 2 2 - - -
Lord Cromwell 1 - - - -
Earl of Effingham 1 - - - -
Lord Polwarth 1 - - - -
Lord Wrenbury 1 - - - -
23 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 27   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 27
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Viscount Clancarty, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2010[]

After the death of the Viscount Colville of Culross:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, June 2010[19]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYEarl of Clancarty[a] 10 10 11 12 13
Earl of Lytton 3 5 5 8 8
Viscount Hood 3 4 5 5 -
Lord Sempill 4 4 4 - -
Viscount Runciman of Doxford 2 3 - - -
Earl of Albemarle 1 - - - -
Earl Cairns 1 - - - -
Lord Cromwell 1 - - - -
Lord Hacking 1 - - - -
15 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 26
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Viscount Clancarty, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Earl of Northesk:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, June 2010[20]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3
Green tickYViscount Younger of Leckie 17 21 22
Earl of Stockton 5 7 7
Lord Ashton of Hyde 4 4 5
Lord Rathcavan 3 3 4
Lord Colgrain 2 3 3
Lord de Ramsey 2 3 3
Marquess of Abergavenny 2 2 -
Earl of Limerick[a] 2 2 -
Viscount Addison 1 - -
Lord Bethell 1 - -
Lord Birdwood 1 - -
Lord Bolton 1 - -
Viscount Gormanston[b] 1 - -
Lord Gray 1 - -
Lord Harlech 1 - -
Lord Margadale 1 - -
17 others 0 - -
Electorate: 47   Valid: 45   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 22   Turnout: 45
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Gormanston, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2011[]

After the death of the Lord Strabolgi:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), March 2011[21]
Party Candidate Count 1
Labour Green tickYViscount Hanworth 233
Liberal Democrats Earl of Carlisle 26
Conservative Lord de Ramsey 24
Crossbench Lord Hacking 24
Labour Lord Monkswell 21
Conservative Earl of Stockton 20
Conservative Earl of Harrowby 17
Crossbench Lord Cromwell 8
Conservative Lord Killearn 6
Conservative Earl Alexander of Tunis 5
Conservative Lord Margadale 5
Conservative Earl of Kinnoull 4
Liberal Democrats Lord Ogmore 4
Conservative Lord Rowallan 3
Conservative Viscount Addison 2
Crossbench Lord Tryon 2
Conservative Lord Birdwood 1
Crossbench Earl of Cromer 1
Conservative Lord Sudeley 1
Others 4 others 0
Electorate: 769   Valid: 414   Spoilt: 2   Quota: 207   Turnout: 416

After the death of the Lord Monson:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, May 2011[22]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYEarl of Lytton 7 7 9 11 15
Duke of Somerset 6 7 9 9 9
Viscount Colville of Culross 6 6 6 7 -
Lord Cromwell 3 3 3 - -
Earl of Oxford and Asquith 2 2 - - -
Earl of Shaftesbury 2 2 - - -
Earl of Drogheda[a] 1 - - - -
7 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 28   Valid: 27   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 27
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Moore, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Earl of Onslow:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, July 2011[23]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9
Green tickYLord Ashton of Hyde 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 23
Lord Borwick 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7
Lord de Ramsey 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5
Earl of Harrowby 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Earl of Stockton 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4
Marquess of Abergavenny 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 -
Earl of Oxford and Asquith 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - -
Earl of Onslow 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - -
Lord Rowallan 1 1 1 1 1 - - - -
Lord Rathcavan 1 1 1 1 - - - - -
Lord Margadale 1 1 1 - - - - - -
Earl of Limerick[a] 1 1 - - - - - - -
Viscount Addison 1 - - - - - - - -
8 others 0 - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 47   Valid: 45   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 23   Turnout: 45
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Lord Ampthill:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), July 2011[24]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14 Count 15
Crossbench Green tickYViscount Colville of Culross 77 77 78 78 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 88 94 101 126
Crossbench Duke of Somerset 76 76 76 76 76 78 78 78 79 80 81 86 91 98 104
Crossbench Lord Hacking 52 52 52 52 52 54 54 56 56 57 59 60 66 73 -
Conservative Earl of Stockton 28 28 29 29 29 29 29 29 30 33 33 33 38 - -
Liberal Democrats Lord Kennet 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 19 26 26 - - -
Crossbench Earl of Shaftesbury 12 13 13 13 13 14 16 16 16 17 18 - - - -
Liberal Democrats Earl of Carlisle 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Limerick[a] 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 12 - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Margadale 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Kinnoull 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Hood 5 5 5 6 6 6 - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Cromwell 4 4 4 4 5 - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Killearn 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Cadman 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Albemarle 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Biddulph 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Tryon 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Vivian 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Others 2 others 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 769   Valid: 313   Spoilt: 3   Quota: 157   Turnout: 316
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2013[]

After the death of Earl Ferrers:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, February 2013[25]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14
Green tickYViscount Ridley 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 18 18 20 21 24
Viscount Hailsham[a] 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11
Earl of Harrowby 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 8
Lord de Ramsey 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 6 -
Marquess of Abergavenny 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 - -
Earl of Stockton 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 - - -
Lord Borwick 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - -
Earl of Oxford and Asquith 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - -
Lord Windlesham 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - -
Lord Vivian 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - -
Lord Swansea 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - -
Lord Monson 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - -
Lord Margadale 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -
Lord Darling 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - -
Earl of Clanwilliam[b] 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Lord Ampthill 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
11 others 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 48   Valid: 46   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 23   Turnout: 46
  1. ^ Created Baron Hailsham of Kettlethorpe for Life in 2015
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Clanwilliam, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Lord Reay:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), July 2013[26]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14 Count 15 Count 16 Count 17
Conservative Green tickYLord Borwick 104 105 105 106 106 107 109 109 109 110 112 113 114 117 120 135 160
Conservative Viscount Hailsham[a] 104 104 105 105 106 106 106 106 106 106 107 107 108 112 113 117 129
Conservative Earl of Stockton 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 36 38 39 41 42 44 56 61 -
Conservative Earl of Harrowby 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 26 26 27 29 31 - -
Liberal Democrats Lord Kennet 17 17 17 17 17 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 - - -
Conservative Lord Swansea 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 11 13 - - - -
Conservative Lord Ampthill 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 10 10 10 10 - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Napier and Ettrick 6 6 6 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Margadale 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Windlesham 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Rowallan 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Onslow 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - -
UKIP Viscount Massereene and Ferrard[b] 3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Liberal Democrats Earl of Carlisle 3 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Albemarle 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Hemphill 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Biddulph 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Cadman 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Harlech 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Others 4 others 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 753   Valid: 334   Spoilt: 2   Quota: 167   Turnout: 336
  1. ^ Created Baron Hailsham of Kettlethorpe for Life in 2015
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Oriel, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2014[]

After the death of the Lord Moran:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, April 2014[27]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYLord Cromwell 9 10 10 12 13
Lord Russell of Liverpool 7 7 7 9 12
Lord Sempill 4 4 5 5 -
Lord Aldington 4 4 5 - -
Lord Thurlow 2 2 - - -
Lord Napier and Ettrick 1 - - - -
7 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 27   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 27

After the death of the Lord Methuen:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), October 2014[28]
Party Candidate Count 1
Liberal Democrats Green tickYEarl of Oxford and Asquith 155
Crossbench Lord Napier and Ettrick 35
Conservative Earl of Stockton 31
Liberal Democrats Lord Kennet 29
Conservative Lord Margadale 13
Crossbench Viscount Massereene and Ferrard[a] 6
Crossbench Lord Somerleyton 6
Conservative Lord Harlech 4
Crossbench Lord Calverley 1
Conservative Lord Layton 1
Conservative Lord Middleton 1
Conservative Lord Sudeley 1
Others 3 others 0
Electorate: 776   Valid: 283   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 142   Turnout: 283
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Oriel, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Viscount Allenby of Megiddo:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, December 2014[29]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYLord Russell of Liverpool 7 8 10 10 13
Duke of Somerset 4 4 4 5 5
Lord Thurlow 4 4 4 5 5
Lord Napier and Ettrick 3 3 3 4 -
Earl of Kinnoull 3 3 3 - -
Viscount Hood 3 3 - - -
Earl of Clanwilliam[a] 1 - - - -
11 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 27   Valid: 25   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 25
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Clanwilliam, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the retirement of the Lord Cobbold:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, December 2014[29]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYDuke of Somerset 6 7 8 8 12
Lord Thurlow 8 8 9 10 11
Earl of Kinnoull 4 4 4 5 -
Lord Napier and Ettrick 3 3 3 - -
Viscount Hood 3 3 - - -
Earl of Clanwilliam[a] 1 - - - -
11 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 27   Valid: 25   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 25
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Clanwilliam, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2015[]

After the retirement of the Lord Chorley:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, February 2015[30]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYLord Thurlow 8 9 9 9 10 13
Viscount Hood 4 4 4 4 4 4
Lord Napier and Ettrick 3 3 3 3 3 3
Earl of Cork and Orrery[a] 2 2 3 3 3 3
Lord Sempill 2 2 2 3 3 3
Lord Aldington 2 2 2 2 3 -
Earl of Kinnoull 2 2 2 2 - -
Lord Hemphill 1 1 1 - - -
Earl of Clanwilliam[b] 1 1 - - - -
Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor 1 - - - - -
8 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 28   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 26
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Boyle of Marston, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Clanwilliam, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the retirement of the Lady Saltoun of Abernethy:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, February 2015[30]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYEarl of Kinnoull 9 9 10 10 11 12
Viscount Hood 4 4 4 4 4 5
Lord Sempill 2 3 3 3 4 4
Lord Napier and Ettrick 3 3 3 3 3 3
Earl of Cork and Orrery[a] 2 2 2 3 3 -
Lord Aldington 2 2 2 2 - -
Earl of Clanwilliam[b] 1 1 1 - - -
Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor 1 1 - - - -
Lord Hemphill 1 - - - - -
8 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 28   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 26
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Boyle of Marston, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Clanwilliam, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the retirement of the Viscount Tenby:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2015[31]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYLord Mountevans 9 9 9 9 9 10
Lord Aldington 3 4 5 5 5 5
Viscount Hood 3 3 4 5 5 5
Lord Sempill 3 3 3 3 4 -
Earl of Albemarle 2 2 2 2 - -
Lord Napier and Ettrick 2 2 2 - - -
Lord Darling 2 2 - - - -
Lord Trevethin and Oaksey 1 - - - - -
11 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 28   Valid: 25   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 25

After the retirement of the Lord Luke:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, September 2015[32]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYDuke of Wellington 18 18 18 19 21
Marquess of Abergavenny 6 6 6 6 6
Earl of Harrowby 5 6 6 6 6
Earl Ferrers 3 3 4 4 5
Earl of Limerick[a] 3 3 3 3 3
Lord Windlesham 3 3 3 3 -
Earl of Stockton 1 1 1 - -
Lord Swansea 1 1 - - -
Lord Middleton 1 - - - -
7 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 48   Valid: 41   Quota: 21   Turnout: 41
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the retirement of the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, October 2015[33]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYLord Trevethin and Oaksey 10 11 11 11 12
Lord Aldington 6 6 6 6 7
Earl of Cork and Orrery[a] 3 3 3 3 3
Lord Napier and Ettrick 3 3 3 3 -
Viscount Hood 2 2 2 - -
Lord Vaux of Harrowden 1 1 - - -
Lord Clifford of Chudleigh 1 - - - -
10 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 29   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 26
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Boyle of Marston, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Lord Montagu of Beaulieu:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, November 2015[34]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10
Green tickYLord Fairfax of Cameron 9 10 10 10 10 13 15 16 21 27
Earl of Harrowby 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 12 12 14
Lord Windlesham 7 7 7 7 7 8 9 9 10 -
Lord Colgrain 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 - -
Lord de Ramsey 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 - - -
Marquess of Abergavenny 3 3 4 4 4 4 - - - -
Earl of Limerick[a] 3 3 3 3 4 - - - - -
Earl of Stockton 2 2 2 2 - - - - - -
Lord Ashcombe 1 1 1 - - - - - - -
Earl Ferrers 1 1 - - - - - - - -
Lord Middleton 1 - - - - - - - - -
3 others 0 - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 48   Valid: 44   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 22   Turnout: 44
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2016[]

After the death of the Lord Avebury:

Liberal Democrat hereditary peers' by-election, April 2016[35]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYViscount Thurso 3
6 others 0
Electorate: 3   Valid: 3   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 2   Turnout: 3

After the removal for non-attendance of the Lord Bridges:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2016[36]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7
Green tickYEarl of Cork and Orrery[a] 12 12 12 12 12 13 15
Lord Vaux of Harrowden 5 5 5 5 7 8 8
Viscount Hood 2 3 4 5 5 6 -
Lord Hemphill 3 3 3 3 3 - -
Lord Aldington 2 2 2 2 - - -
Earl of Albemarle 1 1 1 - - - -
Earl of Limerick[b] 1 1 - - - - -
Lord Napier and Ettrick 1 - - - - - -
9 others 0 - - - - - -
Electorate: 31   Valid: 27   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 27
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Boyle of Marston, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2017[]

After the death of the Lord Lyell:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), March 2017[37]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11 Count 12 Count 13 Count 14 Count 15 Count 16 Count 17 Count 18 Count 19 Count 20 Count 21 Count 22 Count 23 Count 24 Count 25
Conservative Green tickYLord Colgrain 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 105 105 105 108 108 108 109 109 109 111 111 113 115 118 118 126 137 143
Conservative Lord Bethell 54 54 54 55 55 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 57 59 60 62 62 64 68 70 76 82 90 108
Conservative Earl of Stockton 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 37 38 38 39 39 41 41 42 43 44 45 46 49 58 59 62 -
Conservative Marquess of Abergavenny 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 29 30 31 32 35 36 37 38 - -
Conservative Earl of Harrowby 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 19 20 23 23 - - -
Liberal Democrats Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 23 23 23 23 - - - -
Conservative Lord Windlesham 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 - - - - -
Conservative Lord Napier and Ettrick 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Darling 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 14 14 14 - - - - - - -
Liberal Democrats Lord Kennet 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 13 14 14 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Strathcarron 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Viscount Powerscourt[a] 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Mostyn 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl of Limerick[b] 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Swansea 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Liberal Democrats Lord Harlech 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Macpherson of Drumochter 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Earl Alexander of Tunis 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Viscount Hood 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Addison 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Mountgarret[c] 2 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Biddulph 2 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Independent Lord Gainford 2 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Hampton 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Somerleyton 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Hankey 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Cadman 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 803   Valid: 346   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 173   Turnout: 346
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Powerscourt, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  3. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Mountgarret, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the retirement of the Lord Walpole:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2017[38]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYLord Vaux of Harrowden 16
Lord Aldington 4
Lord Mostyn 4
Lord Darling 1
Lord Hemphill 1
Viscount Powerscourt[a] 1
3 others 0
Electorate: 31   Valid: 27   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 27
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Powerscourt, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2018[]

After the retirement of the Earl Baldwin of Bewdley:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2018[39]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6
Green tickYEarl of Devon 7 8 9 10 10 12
Lord Ravensdale 4 4 5 5 5 5
Lord Aldington 4 4 4 4 4 4
Earl of Eldon 2 2 2 2 3 3
Duke of Hamilton and Brandon 2 2 2 2 2 -
Viscount Hood 2 2 2 2 - -
Lord Bridges 2 2 2 - - -
Earl of Carnarvon 2 2 - - - -
Lord Meston 1 - - - - -
9 others 0 - - - - -
Electorate: 31   Valid: 26   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 13   Turnout: 26
  • David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon originally announced his candidacy but later withdrew.[40]

After the retirement of the Lord Glentoran:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, July 2018[41]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYLord Bethell 26
Marquess of Abergavenny 6
Earl De La Warr 4
Lord Ashcombe 2
Lord Napier and Ettrick 2
Lord Reay 1
Earl of Stockton 1
Lord Windlesham 1
3 others 0
Electorate: 47   Valid: 43   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 22   Turnout: 43

After the retirement of the Lord Northbourne:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, November 2018[42]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5
Green tickYLord Carrington 11 11 11 12 14
Lord Ravensdale 8 8 9 9 9
Earl of Eldon 3 4 4 4 5
Lord Meston 2 2 2 3 -
Lord Aldington 2 2 2 - -
Duke of Hamilton and Brandon 2 2 - - -
Viscount Powerscourt[a] 1 - - - -
4 others 0 - - - -
Electorate: 31   Valid: 29   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 15   Turnout: 29
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Powerscourt, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

2019[]

After the death of the Lord Skelmersdale:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), January 2019[43]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11
Conservative Green tickYLord Reay 73 73 73 73 74 78 78 81 87 94 110
Conservative Earl of Leicester 46 46 46 46 47 52 53 58 62 74 93
Conservative Lord Strathcarron 32 32 32 33 37 39 39 41 44 49 -
Conservative Lord Napier and Ettrick 24 24 24 24 25 28 32 36 39 - -
Conservative Earl of Carnarvon 20 20 20 22 23 24 24 25 - - -
Conservative Earl of Stockton 18 18 18 18 19 19 21 - - - -
Crossbench Lord Hampton 10 11 15 16 17 17 - - - - -
Conservative Lord Ashcombe 13 13 13 13 15 - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Windlesham 12 12 12 12 - - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Effingham 5 5 5 - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Viscount Powerscourt[a] 4 5 - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Mountgarret[b] 1 - - - - - - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Oranmore and Browne[c] 1 - - - - - - - - - -
Others 3 others 0 - - - - - - - - - -
Electorate: 785   Valid: 259   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 130   Turnout: 259 (33%)
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Powerscourt, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Mountgarret, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  3. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Mereworth, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

After the death of the Viscount Slim:

Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, March 2019[44]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYLord Ravensdale 18
Lord Meston 4
Earl of Albemarle 1
Lord Aldington 1
Lord de Ramsey 1
Lord Dormer 1
Lord Glenconner 1
Lord Hankey 1
6 others 0
Electorate: 31   Valid: 28   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 14   Turnout: 28

2021[]

Normally, by-elections must be held within three months of a vacancy occurring,[2] but on 23 March 2020 a motion was passed by the House to suspend any by-elections until 8 September 2020, as part of revised working arrangements in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.[45] On 7 September, a further motion was passed by the House to continue the suspension of by-elections until 31 December 2020.[46] On 14 December, a further motion was passed by the House to suspend by-elections pending a report from the Procedure and Privileges Committee.[47] On 22 February 2021, a motion was passed by the House to continue the suspension pending a further review by the Committee after any adjournment of the House for Easter.[48] On 26 April, a report of the Committee was published. The Committee announced that by-elections will resume and anticipated that pending by-elections would be held before the summer recess of the House.[49]

After the retirements of the Earl of Selborne and the Lord Denham, and the removal for non-attendance of the Lord Selsdon:

Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, June 2021[50]
Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8
Green tickYLord Sandhurst 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Green tickYEarl of Leicester 7 7.3 8.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3
Green tickYLord Altrincham 6 6.3 6.3 6.3 7.3 7.6 7.6 9.6
Lord Harlech 4 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 5.1 7.1 7.1
Marquess of Abergavenny 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 -
Earl De La Warr 2 2 2 2 2 2 - -
Lord Strathcarron 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 - - -
Lord Windlesham 1 1 1 1 - - - -
Lord Ashcombe 1 1 1 - - - - -
Earl of Carnarvon 1 1 - - - - - -
11 others 0 - - - - - - -
Electorate: 43   Valid: 36   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 9   Turnout: 36

After the retirement of the Countess of Mar:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), June 2021[51]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7
Crossbench Green tickYLord Londesborough 114 116 116 116 121 129 147
Crossbench Lord Meston 66 66 66 67 70 75 80
Crossbench Lord Chorley 32 33 34 35 37 46 50
Crossbench Lord de Clifford 27 30 32 34 35 38 -
Crossbench Lord Hampton 31 31 31 32 34 - -
Crossbench Lord Somerleyton 18 19 20 20 - - -
Crossbench Earl of Albemarle 13 13 14 - - - -
Crossbench Lord Birkett 8 8 - - - - -
Crossbench Lord Milverton 6 - - - - - -
Crossbench Earl of Effingham 2 - - - - - -
Electorate: 786   Valid: 317   Spoilt: 0   Quota: 159   Turnout: 317

After the death of the Lord Rea:

Labour hereditary peers' by-election, July 2021[52]
Candidate Count 1
Green tickYViscount Stansgate unopposed

After the retirement of the Lord Elton:

Hereditary peers' by-election (whole House eligible to vote), July 2021[53]
Party Candidate Count 1 Count 2 Count 3 Count 4 Count 5 Count 6 Count 7 Count 8 Count 9 Count 10 Count 11
Conservative Green tickYLord Harlech 67 67 67 68 69 70 71 73 77 84 100
Conservative Lord Strathcarron 46 47 47 47 47 49 49 50 51 61 69
Conservative Earl of Stockton 31 31 31 32 33 37 38 41 47 59 -
Conservative Earl of Carnarvon 13 14 14 14 17 17 18 21 24 - -
Conservative Earl De La Warr 15 15 15 15 15 15 19 22 22 - -
Conservative Earl of Limerick[a] 12 12 13 13 14 15 18 19 - - -
Conservative Lord Margadale 14 14 15 15 15 15 17 - - - -
Conservative Lord de Ramsey 11 11 11 11 12 14 - - - - -
Conservative Lord Windlesham 10 10 10 11 12 - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Napier and Ettrick 7 7 8 9 - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Dormer 5 5 5 - - - - - - - -
Conservative Lord Elibank 4 4 - - - - - - - - -
Conservative Viscount Mountgarret[b] 2 - - - - - - - - - -
  1. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Foxford, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland
  2. ^ Eligible to stand by virtue of his junior title, Baron Mountgarret, as his senior title is in the Peerage of Ireland

Forthcoming by-elections[]

The Viscount Simon, a Labour peer and one of the 15 hereditary peers elected by the whole House, died on 15 August 2021. A by-election to replace him is required to be held by 15 November.

Historical by-elections[]

From the 1707 Act of Union to the passing of the Peerage Act 1963, peers in the Peerage of Scotland elected sixteen representative peers to sit in the House of Lords. Unlike Irish peers, however, Scottish representative peers only sat for the duration of one parliament before facing re-election. By-elections were held in the Palace of Holyroodhouse to replace deceased peers. After the passing of the Peerage Act 1963, all Scottish peers were entitled to sit in the House of Lords and the election procedure was abolished.

See also: List of elections of Scottish representative peers

Also, from the 1801 Act of Union to Irish independence, 28 representative peers were elected from and by the Peerage of Ireland to sit in the British House of Lords.[54] Like current hereditary peers, these representative peers sat for life terms and deceased peers were replaced in by-elections. Unlike modern hereditary peer by-elections, all peers in the Peerage of Ireland, even those who did not sit in the House of Lords, were entitled to vote. Upon the creation of the Irish Free State, the officers required to officiate these by-elections were abolished and thus no more were held, but those peers already elected kept their seats for the remainder of their lives. The last to sit in the Lords was Francis Needham, 4th Earl of Kilmorey, who died in 1961.

For a list of Irish Peer by-election results, see List of Irish representative peers.

See also[]

References[]

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  8. ^ Jump up to: a b "Results of Labour hereditary peers by-election". House of Lords. London. October 2003. Archived from the original on 14 May 2010.
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