Demographics of Gabon

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Gabon population pyramid in 2020

The Demographics of Gabon is the makeup of the population of Gabon. As of 2020, Gabon has a population of 2,225,287. Gabon's population is relatively young with 35.5% of its population under 15 years of age and only 4.3% of its population over 65 years old. Gabon has a nearly even split between males and females with 0.99 males for every female in the population. In the age range of 15–65, the ration is exactly 1 male to 1 female. The life expectancy of Gabon is lower than the world average. Gabon's population's life expectancy at birth is 53.11 years while the world average is 67.2 years as of 2010. Ethnically, the biggest group in Gabon are the Fang people with over 500,000 people, or about a third of Gabon's population, belonging to this ethnic group. The biggest religion in Gabon is Christianity, with between 55–75% of the population of Gabon being Christian.

Population[]

Gabon population statistics (1950–2014)

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[1][2] the total population was 2,119,275 in 2018, compared to only 469,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.5%, 60.2% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.3% was 65 years or older .[3]

Total population Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 469 000 28.4 64.3 7.3
1955 476 000 29.4 63.5 7.1
1960 486 000 30.3 62.6 7.1
1965 502 000 31.9 61.1 7.1
1970 530 000 33.0 59.9 7.1
1975 595 000 35.2 58.0 6.8
1980 683 000 37.7 55.9 6.4
1985 794 000 40.0 54.0 6.0
1990 929 000 41.4 53.0 5.6
1995 1 087 000 42.0 52.8 5.1
2000 1 235 000 41.0 54.3 4.8
2005 1 371 000 38.6 57.0 4.4
2010 1 505 000 35.5 60.2 4.3

Structure of the population (DHS 2012; males 19,318, females 20,636, total 39,955):

Age group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0–4 16.0 14.3 15.1
5–9 12.4 12.4 12.4
10–14 12.0 12.5 12.3
15–19 9.6 9.9 9.7
20–24 7.6 9.6 8.7
25–29 7.5 8.4 8.0
30–34 7.8 7.0 7.4
35–39 6.6 5.4 5.9
40–44 5.4 4.4 4.9
45–49 4.1 3.3 3.7
50–54 3.4 4.2 3.8
55–59 2.0 2.3 2.1
60–64 2.6 1.7 2.1
65–69 1.1 1.4 1.2
70–74 0.9 1.3 1.1
75–79 0.6 0.7 0.6
80+ 0.5 1.3 0.9
Age group Male (%) Female (%) Total (%)
0–14 40.4 39.2 39.8
15–64 56.5 56.1 56.4
65+ 3.1 4.7 3.8

Vital statistics[]

Registration of vital events is in Gabon not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [3]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950–1955 14,000 13,000 1,000 30.5 27.7 2.8 4.00 179
1955–1960 14,000 12,000 2,000 30.1 25.9 4.2 4.00 167
1960–1965 15,000 12,000 3,000 31.4 24.8 6.5 4.25 158
1965–1970 17,000 11,000 6,000 32.5 21.7 10.7 4.50 134
1970–1975 20,000 11,000 9,000 35.4 19.1 16.3 4.90 114
1975–1980 24,000 10,000 13,000 37.5 16.4 21.0 5.10 95
1980–1985 28,000 10,000 18,000 38.4 13.7 24.7 5.20 78
1985–1990 33,000 10,000 23,000 38.1 11.3 26.8 5.15 63
1990–1995 38,000 11,000 28,000 38.0 10.5 27.4 5.10 59
1995–2000 39,000 12,000 27,000 33.2 10.2 23.0 4.37 58
2000–2005 39,000 14,000 25,000 29.7 10.4 19.3 3.78 58
2005–2010 39,000 13,000 26,000 27.4 9.4 18.0 3.35 51
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Fertility and births[]

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[4]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
2000 33.1 4.3 (3.5) 33.3 3.9 (3.2) 32.4 5.7 (4.7)
2012 33.3 4.1 (3.2) 33.2 3.9 (3.0) 33.4 6.1 (4.6)

Fertility data as of 2012 (DHS Program):[5]

Province Total fertility rate Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
Libreville/Port-Gentil 3.5 9.3 4.4
Estuaire (except Libreville) 4.1 8.6 5.2
Haut-Ogooué 4.9 10.3 5.8
Moyen-Ogooué 4.9 8.9 5.4
Ngounié 5.7 10.9 6.0
Nyanga 5.7 10.7 6.2
Ogooué Maritime (except Port-Gentil) 4.8 9.8 4.6
Ogooué-Ivindo 6.7 14.0 6.6
Ogooué-Lolo 5.3 11.3 5.9
Woleu-N’tem 5.0 9.8 4.7

Life expectancy[]

Period Life expectancy in
Years[6]
1950–1955 37.00
1955–1960 Increase 39.00
1960–1965 Increase 40.50
1965–1970 Increase 44.65
1970–1975 Increase 48.78
1975–1980 Increase 52.91
1980–1985 Increase 57.03
1985–1990 Increase 60.70
1990–1995 Increase 61.01
1995–2000 Decrease 60.03
2000–2005 Decrease 59.07
2005–2010 Increase 61.34
2010–2015 Increase 64.45

Other demographics statistics[]

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[7]

  • One birth every 9 minutes
  • One death every 35 minutes
  • One net migrant every 480 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 12 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[8]

Population[]

2,119,036 (July 2018 est.)

Age structure[]

Population pyramid of Gabon in 2017
0-14 years: 37.45% (male 405,676 /female 387,900)
15-24 years: 22.08% (male 245,490 /female 222,343)
25-54 years: 31.6% (male 355,348 /female 314,344)
55-64 years: 4.96% (male 54,679 /female 50,356)
65 years and over: 3.91% (male 40,721 /female 42,179) (2018 est.)

Median age[]

total: 20.5 years. Country comparison to the world: 187th
male: 20.8 years
female: 20.2 years (2018 est.)

Birth rate[]

26.5 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 46th

Death rate[]

6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 157th

Total fertility rate[]

3.52 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd

Population growth rate[]

2.73% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 15th

Mother's mean age at first birth[]

20.3 years (2012 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Contraceptive prevalence rate[]

31.1% (2012)

Net migration rate[]

-2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 161st

Dependency ratios[]

total dependency ratio: 67.4 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 59.9 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 7.6 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 13.2 (2015 est.)

Religions[]

Roman Catholic 42.3%, Protestant 12.3%, other Christian 27.4%, Muslim 9.8%, animist 0.6%, other 0.5%, none/no answer 7.1% (2012 est.)

Urbanization[]

urban population: 89.4% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 2.61% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Life expectancy at birth[]

total population: 68.1346 years (2018 est.)
male: 66.3 years (2018 est.)
female: 69.6 years (2018 est.)

Literacy[]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

total population: 83.2% (2015 est.)
male: 85.3% (2015 est.)
female: 81% (2015 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24[]

total: 35.7% (2010 est.)
male: 30.5% (2010 est.)
female: 41.9% (2010 est.)

Ethnic groups[]

Broad ethnic groups are:

  1. Bantu groups including four major groupings (Fang, Eshira, Punu, Teke)
  2. Other Africans, notably 'forest people' (pygmy, now sedentary) such as the Babongo tribe
  3. Europeans, including 10,700 French and 11,000 persons of dual nationality
Ethnic Groups of Gabon.png

2012 Census[9][]

Groups Percentage
Gabonese-born 80.1%
Fang 23.2%
Shira-Punu/Vili 18.9%
Nzabi-Duma 11.3%
Mbede-Teke 6.9%
Myene 5%
Kola-Kele 4.9%
Okande-Tsogo 2.1%
Pygmy 0.3%
Other Gabonese Groups 7.5%
Other 19.9%
Cameroonian 4.6%
Malian 2.4%
Beninese 2.1%
Acquired Gabonese Nationality 1.6%
Togolese 1.6%
Senegalese 1.1%
Congolese (Brazzaville) 1%
Other (Includes Congolese (Kinshasa), Equatorial Guinean, Nigerian ) 5.5%

Language and religion[]

Main article: Religion in Gabon

Religions:[10] Roman Catholic 41.9%, Protestant 13.7%, other Christian 32.4%, Islam 6.4%, Animist 0.3%, other 0.3%, None/No Answer 5% (2012 est.)

Languages: French (official since colonial rule), Fang, Myene, , Bapounou/Eschira,

Literacy: [10]
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 83.2%
male: 85.3%
female: 81% (2015 est.)

References[]

  1. ^ ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  2. ^ ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  3. ^ a b "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  4. ^ "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys". Microdata.worldbank.org. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  5. ^ "Enquête Démographique et de Santé 2012" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  6. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  7. ^ "Gabon Population 2019", World Population Review
  8. ^ "The World FactBook - Eswatini", The World Factbook, July 12, 2018Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. ^ "Africa :: Gabon — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2020-10-06.
  10. ^ a b "Africa :: GABON". CIA The World Factbook.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document: "2006 edition".

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