Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone
Combination of | |
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Ethinylestradiol | Estrogen |
Norethisterone | Progestogen |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Alyacen, Aranelle, Balziva, others |
Other names | EE/NET |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a601050 |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code |
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Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Identifiers | |
CAS Number |
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PubChem CID | |
ChemSpider |
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Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone (EE/NET), or ethinylestradiol/norethindrone, is a combination birth control pill which contains ethinylestradiol (EE), an estrogen and norethisterone (NET), a progestin.[1] It is used for birth control, symptoms of menstruation, endometriosis, and menopausal symptoms.[1][2] Other uses include acne.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1] Some preparations of EE/NET additionally contain an iron supplement in the form of ferrous fumarate.[3]
Side effects can include nausea, headache, blood clots, breast pain, depression, and liver problems.[2] Use is not recommended during pregnancy, the initial three weeks after childbirth, and in those at high risk of blood clots.[2][4] It, however, may be started immediately after a miscarriage or abortion.[4] Smoking while using combined birth control pills is not recommended.[5] It works by stopping ovulation, making the uterus not suitable for implantation, and making the mucus at the opening to the cervix thick.[4]
This combination pill was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[8] It is marketed under a large number of brand names.[9] In 2017, it was the 53rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than fourteen million prescriptions.[10][11]
See also[]
- Mestranol/norethisterone
- Oral contraceptive formulations
- List of combined sex-hormonal preparations
References[]
- ^ a b c d "Ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone (HRT) medical facts from Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
- ^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 365. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ Editor in Chief, Richard J. Hamilton MD FAAEM FACMT FACEP (30 April 2020). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2020 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 347–. ISBN 978-1-284-40304-6.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
- ^ a b c "Brevinor Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
- ^ "Estrogen-Progestin Combinations". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Haussman, Melissa (2013). Reproductive Rights and the State: Getting the Birth Control, RU-486, Morning-after Pills and the Gardasil Vaccine to the U.S. Market. ABC-CLIO. p. 72. ISBN 9780313398223. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 353. ISBN 9781284057560.
- ^ "Alyacen 1/35 (birth control) medical facts from Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ "Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- Combined oral contraceptives
- World Health Organization essential medicines
- Genito-urinary system drug stubs