Hamburg Airport

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Hamburg Airport

Flughafen Hamburg
Hamburg Airport Logo.svg
Hamburg airport terminals.jpg
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerCity of Hamburg (51%)
AviAlliance (49%)
OperatorFlughafen Hamburg GmbH
ServesHamburg, Germany
Focus city for
  • Condor
  • Eurowings
  • Ryanair
  • TUI fly Deutschland
Built1911
Elevation AMSL53 ft / 16 m
Coordinates53°37′49″N 009°59′28″E / 53.63028°N 9.99111°E / 53.63028; 9.99111Coordinates: 53°37′49″N 009°59′28″E / 53.63028°N 9.99111°E / 53.63028; 9.99111
Websiteairport.de
Map
HAM is located in Hamburg
HAM
HAM
Location of Hamburg Airport
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05/23 3,250 10,663 Asphalt
15/33 3,666 12,028 Asphalt
Statistics (2018)
Passengers17,231,687
Passenger change 17–18Decrease2.2%
Aircraft movements156,388
Movements change 17–18Decrease2.1%
Sources: Airport's website[1]
German AIP at EUROCONTROL[2]

Hamburg Airport (IATA: HAM, ICAO: EDDH), known in German as Flughafen Hamburg, is a major international airport in Hamburg, the second-largest city in Germany. Since November 2016 the official name has become Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt, after the former German chancellor Helmut Schmidt. It is located 8.5 km (5.3 mi) north[2] of the city centre in the Fuhlsbüttel quarter and serves as a hub for Eurowings and focus cities for Condor, Ryanair, and TUI fly Deutschland. It was formerly named Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel Airport, a name still sometimes used.

Hamburg Airport is the fifth-busiest of Germany's commercial airports measured by the number of passengers and counted 17,231,687 passengers and 156,388 aircraft movements in 2018.[3] As of July 2017, it featured flights to more than 130 mostly European metropolitan and leisure destinations[4] as well as three long-haul routes to Dubai, Tabriz and Tehran. The airport is equipped to handle wide-bodied aircraft including the Airbus A380.[5]

Hamburg's other airport, Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport where the Airbus factory is located, is not open to commercial traffic.

History[]

Early years[]

The airport was opened in January 1911 from private funding by the Hamburger Luftschiffhallen GmbH (HLG), making it the oldest international airport in the world to still be in operation and the second oldest airport in the country after Tempelhof Airport. The original site comprised 45 hectares, and during its early days was primarily used for airship flights. In 1913 the site was expanded to 60 hectares, the northern part being used for airship operations while the southeast area was used for fixed-wing aircraft.[6]

During the First World War, the airship hangar was used extensively by the German military, until it was destroyed by fire in 1916.[6]

During the British occupation, beginning in 1945, the airport was given its current name, Hamburg Airport. It was used extensively during the Berlin Airlift in 1948 as a staging area, as the northern air corridor went between Hamburg and West Berlin.[6]

When Lufthansa launched passenger operations in 1955, Hamburg was used as a hub until Frankfurt Airport took over due to growth constraints posed by the location in the city. Lufthansa Technik still maintains a large presence at the airport due to the early activities of the airline at the airport.[6] In October 1959 Pan American World Airways was the first Airline to start scheduled service with Jet aircraft to Hamburg, the routing was New York - London - Hamburg - Copenhagen flown with Boeing 707.

In the 1960s discussions began with the aim of moving the airport to Heidmoor near Kaltenkirchen. Among the reasons cited were limited expansion possibilities, capacity constraints due to crossing runways, and noise. Lufthansa had introduced the Boeing 707 in 1960, which made more noise than previous piston-engined aircraft. The plans were dropped, owing to bad experiences in other cities where airports had been moved far from city centres, and to Lufthansa's move to Frankfurt.[6]

In 1980 Northwest Orient started flights to Hamburg, originating from Minneapolis with a Stop in London Gatwick. In 1981 they introduced a second flight from New York JFK via Copenhagen to Hamburg. All flights were operated with Boeing 747 aircraft. After Northwest Orient received traffic rights to serve Frankfurt they discontinued all flights to Hamburg from early 1985. In April 1985 Pan American World Airways inaugurated a daily non-stop flight from New York JFK to Hamburg using Boeing 747s. From February 1986 new Airbus A310-200 aircraft operated these flights along with the 747s, which made New York - Hamburg one of the first ETOPS-routes across the atlantic.

In April 1985 Pan American World Airways started a daily non-stop flight from New York JFK to Hamburg, operated with Boeing 747. This was Pan Am's first non-stop service from the US to Hamburg. Starting February 1986 Pan Am also used their new long-range Airbus A310-200 on the route which made the New York to Hamburg route becoming one of the first ETOPS routes across the atlantic. In 1988 Japan Air Lines suspended their flights from Tokyo to Hamburg after serving the route for 24 years, one year later in 1989 also Lufthansa suspended all flights between Hamburg and Tokyo after almost 30 years of service, which was the last flight from Hamburg to the far east.

In May 1989 American Airlines started a daily service from New York JFK via Brussels to Hamburg and Delta Air Lines started a daily service from Atlanta via London Gatwick to Hamburg. While American Airlines suspended their flight already after one year, due to aircraft shortage after the purchase of Eastern Air Lines South America routes, Delta upgraded the Atlanta flight to a daily non-stop service with a Tag-On to Berlin-Tegel from May 1991 and also served New York JFK - Hamburg from November 1991 after taking over Pan Am's North Atlantic Route Network.

Development since the 1990s[]

In March 1990 Lufthansa launched a daily flight from Hamburg to New York-Newark and added another non-stop flight to Miami in 1992, which was only served for one summer season and then suspended together with the Newark flight in late 1992, which left Delta Air Lines alone in this market with their Atlanta and New York flights. From early 1993 to late 1994 South African Airways operated flights from Cape Town via Johannesburg and Munich to Hamburg. In the mid 90s Delta Air Lines experienced financial troubles and had to consolidate their fleet and route network, Hamburg was among the cities in Europe that were cut completely in late 1995. From 1996 Canada 3000 started summer seasonal flights to Hamburg, until their bankruptcy in late 2001 they served Toronto to Hamburg via Halifax and Vancouver to Hamburg via Calgary. In May 1998 Delta Air Lines relaunched daily non-stop flights between Atlanta and Hamburg, however this flight only operated until early 2000. A combination of a then too large Business Class in their Boeing 767-300ER aircraft and the foundation of the SkyTeam alliance made Delta cancel this service again.

Already in the early 1990s, the airport began an extensive modernisation process. The plan, called HAM21, included a new 500m pier extension, a new terminal (Terminal 1), and the Airport Plaza between Terminals 1 and 2, which includes a consolidated security area.[6] The airport's shareholders are the City of Hamburg and AviAlliance.

In May 2005 airTransat started a seasonal flight between Toronto and Hamburg. In June the same year Continental Airlines started a daily non-stop flight between New York/Newark and Hamburg, Emirates started its then daily Dubai to Hamburg service in March 2006. In 2011 China Eastern Airlines added Hamburg to their route network. However due to the lack of traffic rights they could only add a Tag-On to existing Shanghai to Frankfurt flights. The flight initially operated once a week only, was then increased to twice a week later. The stop in Frankfurt and the low frequency did not appeal to business travelers enough so China Eastern suspended the flight in 2013.

The Radisson Blu Hotel Hamburg Airport was added in 2009, combined with new roadside access and a station and connection to the city's rapid transit system (Hamburg S-Bahn).[6]

In January 2016, TUIfly announced it was leaving Hamburg Airport entirely due to increasing competition from low-cost carriers. While the summer seasonal routes would not resume, all remaining destinations were cancelled by March 2016.[7] A few weeks later, it was officially announced that the airport was to be named after Helmut Schmidt, a former Senator of Hamburg and chancellor of West Germany.[8] On 10 November 2016, the airport was renamed Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt.[9]

In October 2016, Air Berlin announced the closure of its maintenance facilities at the airport, due to cost-cutting and restructuring measures.[10]

In June 2017, easyjet announced it would close its base at Hamburg by March 2018 as part of a refocus on other base airports. While over half of the former services were cut, several routes remained in place as they are served from other easyJet bases. In October 2018, United Airlines announced the end of its seasonal service to Newark, leaving the airport with only three long-haul routes, all to the Middle East and no direct services to North America. The route was inaugurated by Continental Airlines back in 2005 and switched from yearround to seasonal in 2017[11] Also in October 2018 Emirates switched one of the two daily flights from Dubai to A380-service. This was the first ever commercial A380-service to Hamburg. The second daily flight remains operated by Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.

Facilities[]

Aerial overview of the airport and its surrounding area

Hamburg Airport originally covered 440,000 m2 (4,700,000 sq ft). Since then, the site has grown more than tenfold to 5.7 km2 (2.2 sq mi). The main apron covers 320,000 m2 (3,400,000 sq ft) and features 54 parking positions; the passenger terminals provide 17 jet bridges. As of July 2016, the airport had only three routes served with Wide-body aircraft; however, during that year three gates were upgraded with double-jet bridges to provide faster boarding and de-boarding for large planes like the Airbus A380.[12] The runways, taxiways and aprons can accommodate large aircraft, including the Airbus A380. Emirates replaced one Boeing 777 with A380 aircraft on the route.[12] On 28 May 2018, Emirates announced it would commence services from Dubai International Airport to Hamburg with the A380.[13]

Terminals[]

Main hall of Terminal 2

Hamburg has two terminals, Terminal 1 and Terminal 2, connected by the Airport Plaza and the baggage claim area that extends through the lower levels of all three buildings. These three buildings were designed by Gerkan, Marg and Partners. Both terminals have a high, curved ceiling designed to emulate the shape of a wing. In all buildings level 1 is the departure level, while level 0 is arrivals. Hamburg Airport offers 12 baggage claim belts on the arrivals level.

The Airport Plaza hosts the central security check as well as shops, restaurants, lounges and other service facilities. It houses the S-Bahn station (suburban railway) and was completed in December 2008.

Terminal 1[]

Terminal 1 was completed in 2005 and is highly similar to Terminal 2 in terms of design and size. It has numerous energy and water saving features like rain water collection for use in restrooms and a ThermoLabyrinth, which uses ground temperature to help regulate the building's temperature and reduce loads on the air conditioning systems. Terminal 1 houses most of the airlines including those from the Oneworld and SkyTeam alliances.

Terminal 2[]

Terminal 2 (despite its name, the older facility) was completed in 1993. It houses Eurowings and Lufthansa with its Star Alliance partners, amongst others.

Airlines and destinations[]

The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Hamburg Airport:[14]

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens, Thessaloniki[15]
Aer Lingus Dublin
Aeroflot Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Air Cairo Seasonal: Hurghada[16][17]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
airBaltic Riga
Alitalia[18] Milan−Linate
ALK Airlines[19] Seasonal charter: Yerevan
AnadoluJet Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[20]
Seasonal: Antalya[21]
Austrian Airlines Vienna
Blue Air Bucharest,[22] Cluj-Napoca[23]
British Airways London–Heathrow
Brussels Airlines Brussels
Bulgarian Air Charter Seasonal: Burgas, Varna
Condor[24] Antalya, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Chania, Corfu, Funchal, Heraklion, Jerez de la Frontera, Kalamata, Kos, La Palma, Preveza, Rhodes, Samos, Zakynthos
Corendon Airlines Seasonal: Antalya, Fuerteventura, Heraklion,[25] İzmir,[26] Rhodes (begins 3 October 2021)[26]
DAT Saarbrücken[27]
easyJet Basel/Mulhouse, Edinburgh, London–Gatwick, Manchester
Seasonal: Bordeaux, Nice, Salzburg
Emirates Dubai–International
Eurowings[28] Amsterdam, Barcelona, Budapest, Catania, Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Fuerteventura, Gothenburg, Lanzarote, Larnaca, London–Heathrow, Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Nice, Nuremberg, Oslo, Palma de Mallorca, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rome–Fiumicino, Salzburg, Stockholm–Arlanda, Stuttgart, Thessaloniki, Valencia, Venice, Vienna, Zürich
Seasonal: Adana, Antalya, Bari, Bastia, Bodrum, Chania (begins 30 April 2022),[29] Corfu, Dubrovnik, Faro, Gran Canaria, Heraklion, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Jerez de la Frontera, Kos, La Palma, Larnaca, Málaga, Marrakesh, Monastir, Mykonos,[30] Naples, Olbia, Prague, Reykjavik–Keflavík, Rhodes, Rijeka, Split, Tenerife–South, Varna, Zadar, Zagreb
Finnair Helsinki
FlyEgypt Seasonal charter: Hurghada, Marsa Alam,[31] Sharm El Sheikh[32]
Freebird Airlines Seasonal: Antalya
Holiday Europe Seasonal charter: Hurghada,[33] Marsa Alam,[33] Sharm El Sheikh[33]
Iberia Madrid
Icelandair Reykjavik–Keflavík
Iran Air Tehran–Imam Khomeini
KLM Amsterdam
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Luxair Luxembourg
Nordwind Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Norwegian Air Shuttle Oslo[34]
Nouvelair Charter: Djerba, Enfidha
Pegasus Airlines Ankara, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, İzmir[35]
Seasonal: Antalya
Qeshm Air Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Rossiya Airlines Saint Petersburg
Ryanair Alicante, Barcelona, Bergamo, Dublin, Edinburgh, Gdańsk, London–Stansted, Málaga, Manchester (begins 31 October 2021),[36] Palma de Mallorca, Porto
Seasonal: Valencia, Zadar
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Bergen[37]
Seasonal: Bolzano (begins 16 December 2021)[38]
Sky Express Seasonal: Heraklion[39]
SkyUp Kyiv–Boryspil[40]
SunExpress[41] Antalya, İzmir
Seasonal: Adana
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich
Sylt Air Seasonal: Sylt
Tailwind Airlines[42] Seasonal charter: Bodrum
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon
TUI fly Deutschland Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Funchal, Heraklion, Kos, Menorca, Rhodes
Tunisair Monastir[43]
Seasonal: Djerba
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
Seasonal: Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Gaziantep,[44] İzmir, Kayseri,[44] Samsun[44]
Vueling Barcelona
Widerøe[45] Bergen
Wizz Air Banja Luka (begins 17 December 2021),[46] Belgrade, Bucharest, Chișinău, Cluj-Napoca, Gdańsk, Kyiv–Zhuliany, Sarajevo (begins 16 December 2021),[47] Skopje, Tirana, Varna

Statistics[]

Passengers and movements[]

Hamburg Airport in 1968
Facilities of Lufthansa Technik at Hamburg Airport with the Heinrich-Hertz-Turm in the far distance
View of the apron


See source Wikidata query and sources.

Passengers Movements Freight (in t)
2000 9,949,269 164,932 48,669
2001 Decrease 9,490,432 Decrease 158,569 Decrease 43,076
2002 Decrease 8,946,505 Decrease 150,271 Decrease 40,871
2003 Increase 9,529,924 Decrease 149,362 Decrease 36,018
2004 Increase 9,893,700 Increase 151,434 Increase 37,080
2005 Increase 10,676,016 Increase 156,180 Decrease 32,677
2006 Increase 11,954,117 Increase 168,395 Increase 38,211
2007 Increase 12,780,631 Increase 173,516 Increase 44,204
2008 Increase 12,838,350 Decrease 172,067 Decrease 37,266
2009 Decrease 12,229,319 Decrease 157,487 Decrease 31,595
2010 Increase 12,962,429 Decrease 157,180 Decrease 27,330
2011 Increase 13,558,261 Increase 158,076 Increase 27,588
2012 Increase 13,697,402 Decrease 152,890 Increase 28,174
2013 Decrease 13,502,553 Decrease 143,802 Increase 28,302
2014 Increase 14,760,280 Increase 153,879 Increase 28,948
2015 Increase 15,610,072 Increase 158,398 Increase 31,294
2016 Increase 16,223,968 Increase 160,904 Increase 35,284
2017 Increase 17,622,997 Decrease 159,780 Increase 36,863
2018 Decrease 17,231,687 Decrease 156,388 Decrease 33,473
2019 Increase 17,308,773 Increase - Increase -
Sources: ADV,[48] Hamburg Airport[49]

Busiest routes[]

Busiest routes from Hamburg (2019)[50]
Rank Destination Passengers Operating Airlines
1 Germany Munich 1,750,284 Eurowings, Lufthansa
2 Germany Frankfurt 1,422,950 Lufthansa
3 United Kingdom London (all airports) 978,500 British Airways, easyJet, Eurowings, Ryanair
4 Spain Palma de Mallorca 882,830 Condor, Eurowings, Ryanair
5 Germany Stuttgart 737,285 Eurowings
6 Austria Vienna 710,162 Austrian Airlines, Eurowings, LEVEL
7 Switzerland Zurich 699,800 Eurowings, Swiss
8 Germany Düsseldorf 524,114 Eurowings
9 Turkey Antalya 498,966 Condor, Corendon Airlines, Freebird Airlines, SunExpress
10 Netherlands Amsterdam 477,618 Eurowings, KLM
Total number of passengers embarking direct flights doubled (no connecting passengers).

Ground transportation[]

Train[]

Hamburg Airport station
See also: Hamburg Airport station

The airport is around 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Hamburg city centre and 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Norderstedt in the borough of Fuhlsbüttel. S-Bahn service S1, operated by Deutsche Bahn operates every ten minutes between the airport, Ohlsdorf, Wandsbek, Hamburg central station, Altona, Blankenese and Wedel. It is part of the HVV fare organisation offering tickets for all modes of public transportation in Hamburg. Going towards the airport, S1 trains split at Ohlsdorf station, with one portion going to the airport and the other going to Poppenbüttel.

Car[]

By road, the airport can be reached from Federal Motorway A7 using the state motorway B433, which is the third ring road. Motorists from the east of the city must drive through Hamburg.

Bus[]

The airport is also linked by some local bus routes to nearby areas as well as regular coach services to the cities of Kiel and Neumünster.

Trivia[]

  • Hamburg Airport is the inspiration for the world's largest miniature airport, named Knuffingen Airport, part of Miniatur Wunderland.[51]
  • From 1999 until 2021, a former Lufthansa Boeing 707 was on public display on the airport's grounds. In February 2021, the airport authority announced its demolition due to cost cutting measures. It was origially operated by Lufthansa from 1960 to 1975 and gifted to the airport after being used as a training aircraft.[52]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Flughafen Hamburg. "Passenger statistics and aircraft movements". Ham-airport.de.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b "EAD Basic". Ead.eurocontrol.int.
  3. ^ (in English) Traffic Figures – Official website
  4. ^ - "The news in Hamburg Airport's summer schedule" (German) 17 March 2017
  5. ^ hamburg.de - A380 kann kommen: Fluggastbrücken stehen in Hamburg bereit (German) 12 October 2018
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Our history". Retrieved 20 July 2018.
  7. ^ ch-aviation.com - TUIfly to end Hamburg operations over LCC threat 13 January 2016
  8. ^ ndr.de - Flughafen "Helmut Schmidt" beschlossene Sache (German) 21 January 2016
  9. ^ aero.de - "Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt from 10 November" (German) 1 September 2016
  10. ^ rbb-online.de - "Air Berlin wants to cancel nearly 500 staff nationwide" (German) 14 October 2016
  11. ^ routesonline.com - United Airlines removes Hamburg service in S19 16 October 2018
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b abendblatt.de - "Fuhlsbüttel gets ready for the superjet A380" (German) 24 June 2016
  13. ^ "Emirates announces start of scheduled A380 service into Hamburg". Emirates announces start of scheduled A380 service into Hamburg.
  14. ^ "Flughafen Hamburg - Destinations & airlines". Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  15. ^ "Aegean Airlines reveals 33 routes for summer 2021". anna.aero. 20 November 2020.
  16. ^ "Flight plan". sunexpress.com.
  17. ^ "Egypt's Air Cairo, SunExpress ink cooperation agreement". ch-aviation.com. 8 March 2021.
  18. ^ https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/287870/alitalia-adds-milan-linate-hamburg-link-in-late-march-2020/
  19. ^ "Non-scheduled flights from Armenia to France, the Netherlands and Germany". en.armradio.am.
  20. ^ https://www.anadolujet.com/en/corporate/news-and-annoucements/our-international-flights-updated
  21. ^ "✅ ✈️️ Fly with Most Affordable and Cheap Ticket Opportunities | AnadoluJet". www.anadolujet.com.
  22. ^ Bobon, Gabriel (28 October 2020). "Exclusiv! Rute noi: București - Frankfurt și Hamburg cu Blue Air din martie 2021".
  23. ^ Bobon, Gabriel (21 October 2020). "Blue Air va zbura din Cluj Napoca spre Paris CDG, Amsterdam și alte 10 destinații noi în 2021".
  24. ^ "Timetable". www.condor.com.
  25. ^ "Flughafen Hamburg - News and Events". Haminfo-terminal.com. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b "Corendon Airlines". corendonairlines.com.
  27. ^ sr.de (German) 10 March 2021
  28. ^ eurowings.com - Route network retrieved 1 November 2020
  29. ^ https://www.eurowings.com/en/discover/destinations/new-routes.html
  30. ^ https://www.eurowings.com/en/booking/offers/flights-from/DE/HAM/to/GR/JMK.html
  31. ^ "Flughafen Hamburg - 404 - Inhalt nicht gefunden" (PDF). www.hamburg-airport.de.
  32. ^ "Data" (PDF). www.hamburg-airport.de.
  33. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Flight". fti.de.
  34. ^ norwegian.com - Flights from Hamburg retrieved 21 March 2021
  35. ^ "Pegasus adds Hamburg / Rotterdam service in W18". routesonline.com. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  36. ^ https://www.ryanair.com/gb/en
  37. ^ "SAS verbindet Hamburg mit Bergen". airliners.de.
  38. ^ https://www.skyalps.com/en/
  39. ^ "Fly every day". SKY express.
  40. ^ "Bridges, museums, and entertainment: SkyUp starts selling tickets to Hamburg". skyup.aero. 30 December 2020.
  41. ^ sunexpress.com - Flight schedules retrieved 26 June 2020
  42. ^ "Data" (PDF). www.hamburg-airport.de.
  43. ^ "Tunisair bietet Monastir-Routen wieder an". airliners.de.
  44. ^ Jump up to: a b c Liu, Jim (1 June 2020). "Turkish Airlines S20 European network addition as of 29MAY20". Routesonline.
  45. ^ "Flughafen Hamburg - Widerøe verbindet Hamburg neu mit Bergen". www.hamburg-airport.de. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  46. ^ https://www.bl-portal.com/banjaluka/wizz-air-uvodi-novi-let-sa-banjaluckog-aerodroma-dva-puta-sedmicno-za-ovaj-njemacki-grad/
  47. ^ "Wizz Air announces Sarajevo and Tuzla expansion".
  48. ^ Flughafenverband ADV. "Flughafenverband ADV – Unsere Flughäfen: Regionale Stärke, Globaler Anschluss". Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  49. ^ "Flughafen Hamburg - 404 - Inhalt nicht gefunden". Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  50. ^ "Publikation – Transport & Verkehr – Luftverkehr auf Hauptverkehrsflughäfen – Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)" (in German). Retrieved 28 March 2019.
  51. ^ "world's largest miniature airport opens". USA Today. 16 July 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
  52. ^ aerotelegraph.com - "Hamburg Airport scraps its Boeing 707" (German) 3 February 2021

External links[]

Media related to Hamburg Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Hamburg Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage

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