List of metro systems

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For light metro systems, see Medium-capacity rail system § List of systems.
See also: List of suburban and commuter rail systems, List of tram and light rail transit systems, and List of bus operating companies

The London Underground (top) is the oldest metro system. The New York City Subway (middle) has the most stations. The Shanghai Metro (bottom) is the metro system with the longest route length.

This list of metro systems includes electrified rapid transit train systems worldwide. In some parts of the world, metro systems are referred to as subways, U-Bahn or undergrounds. As of December 2017, 182 cities[1] in 56 countries around the world host the 180 metro systems that are listed here.

The London Underground first opened as an "underground railway" in 1863 and its first electrified underground line opened in 1890,[2] making it the world's oldest metro system.[3] The New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations.[4][5] The country with the most metro systems is China, with 42 in operation.[6] The Shanghai Metro is the world's longest metro network.[7]

Considerations[]

The International Association of Public Transport (L'Union Internationale des Transports Publics, or UITP) defines metro systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic".[8][9] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail are essentially synonymous with the term "metro".[10][11][12] Heavy rail systems are also specifically defined as an "electric railway".[10][11]

The dividing line between metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail[10][11] and commuter rail,[10][11] is not always clear, and while UITP only makes distinctions between "metros" and "light rail",[8] the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) distinguish all three modes.[10][11] A common way to distinguish metro from light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic. And in contrast to commuter rail or light rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequencies and substantially higher passenger volume capacities. Furthermore, most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is however not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead line.

The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use metro as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded light rail that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data. Certain transit networks may match the service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are sometimes known as S-Bahn, suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included in this list. Neither are funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.

This list counts metros separately when multiple metros in one city or metropolitan area have separate owners or operating companies. This list expressly does not aim at representing the size and scope of the total rapid transit network of a certain city or metropolitan area. The data of this list should not be used to infer the size of a city's, region's, or country's urban rail transit systems, or to establish a ranking.

Legend[]

The locations of all the world's metro systems
Countries shown in green have at least one operational metro system, while countries shown in yellow have at least one metro system under construction.
City
Primary city served by the metro system.
Country
Sovereign state in which the metro system is located.
Name
The most common English name of the metro system (including a link to the article for that system).
Year opened
The year the metro system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (most notably electrification) is the one listed.
Year of last expansion
The last time the system length or number of stations in the metro system was expanded.
Stations
The number of stations in the metro network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
System length
The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers or miles. Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track, single carriageway or dual carriageway.
Ridership
The number of unique journeys on the metro system every year. There is a major discrepancy between the ridership figures: some metro systems count transferring between lines as multiple journeys, but others do not.

List[]

This list is sortable. Click on the Sort both.gif icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.

Note: This list may not be fully representative due to some systems having yearly ridership numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic while others have numbers from previous years.

City Country Name Year opened Year of last expansion Stations System length Annual ridership
(millions)
Algiers  Algeria Algiers Metro 2011[13] 2018[14] 19[14] 18.5 km (11.5 mi)[15] 45.3 (2019)[R 1]
Buenos Aires  Argentina Buenos Aires Underground 1913[Nb 1] 2019[18] 90[19] 56.7 km (35.2 mi)[19] 74.0 (2020)[R 2]
Yerevan  Armenia Yerevan Metro 1981[20] 1996[21] 10[20] 13.4 km (8.3 mi)[20] 10.75 (2020)[R 3]
Sydney  Australia Sydney Metro 2019[22] – 13[22] 36 km (22 mi)[22][23] 12.9 (2020)[R 4][R Nb 1]
Vienna  Austria Vienna U-Bahn 1976[24][Nb 2] 2017[25] 98[26] 83.3 km (51.8 mi)[24] 459.8 (2019)[R 6]
Baku  Azerbaijan Baku Metro 1967[27] 2021[28] 26[27] 38.03 km (23.63 mi)[27] 72.1 (2020)[R 3]
Minsk  Belarus Minsk Metro 1984[29] 2020[29] 33[30] 40.8 km (25.4 mi)[30] 219.3 (2019)[R 3]
Brussels  Belgium Brussels Metro 1976[31] 2009[Nb 3] 59[31][Nb 4] 39.9 km (24.8 mi)[32] 87.6 (2020)[R 7]
Belo Horizonte  Brazil Belo Horizonte Metro 1986[33] 2002[33] 19[34] 28.1 km (17.5 mi)[35] 58.4 (2018)[R 8]
Brasília  Brazil Brasília Metro 2001[36] 2020[37] 25[38] 42.4 km (26.3 mi)[38][39] 42.8 (2019)[R 9]
Porto Alegre  Brazil Porto Alegre Metro 1985[40] 2014[40] 22[41] 43.8 km (27.2 mi)[41] 51.7 (2018)[R 10]
Recife  Brazil Recife Metro[Nb 5] 1985[42] 2009[42] 28[43] 39.5 km (24.5 mi)[43] 93.5 (2019)[R 11]
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil Rio de Janeiro Metro 1979[44] 2016[45] 41[44] 58 km (36 mi)[45] 118.7 (2020)[R 12]
Salvador  Brazil Salvador Metro 2014[46] 2018[47] 19[48] 32.5 km (20.2 mi)[47][49] 62 (2020)[R 13]
São Paulo  Brazil São Paulo Metro 1974[50] 2021[51] 90[51] 102.6 km (63.8 mi)[51] 763.6 (2020)[R 14]
Sofia  Bulgaria Sofia Metro 1998[52] 2021[53] 47[53] 52 km (32 mi)[53] 93.1 (2018)[R 15]
Montreal  Canada Montreal Metro 1966[54] 2007[54] 68[55] 71 km (44 mi)[55] 164.0 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Toronto  Canada Toronto Subway[56] 1954[57] 2017[57] 75[58] 76.5 km (47.5 mi)[59] 166.0 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2][R Nb 3]
Vancouver  Canada SkyTrain 1985[60] 2016[61] 53[61] 79.6 km (49.5 mi)[61] 74.5 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Santiago  Chile Santiago Metro 1975[62] 2019[63] 136[64] 140 km (87 mi)[65] 263.4 (2020)[R 17]
Beijing  China Beijing Subway[66] 1971[Nb 6] 2020[67] 342[Nb 7] 727 km (452 mi)[67][Nb 8] 2292.65 (2020)[R 18]
Changchun  China Changchun Rail Transit 2002 2021[68] 63 72.6 km (45.1 mi) 154.37 (2020)[R 18]
Changsha  China Changsha Metro 2014[69] 2020[70] 100 142.5 km (88.5 mi) 385.76 (2020)[R 18]
Changzhou  China Changzhou Metro 2019[71] 2021[72] 43 54.21 km (33.68 mi) 22.82 (2020)[R 18]
Chengdu  China Chengdu Metro 2010 2020[73] 285[Nb 9] 519.2 km (322.6 mi)[74] 1219.62 (2020)[R 18]
Chongqing  China Chongqing Rail Transit 2005 2021[75] 198 370 km (230 mi)[76] 839.75 (2020)[R 18]
Dalian  China Dalian Metro[77] 2003 2018[78] 69 153.5 km (95.4 mi) 125.22 (2020)[R 18]
Dongguan  China Dongguan Rail Transit 2016[79] – 15 37.8 km (23.5 mi) 35.06 (2020)[R 18]
Foshan  China Foshan Metro[Nb 10] 2010 2018 22 34.4 km (21.4 mi) n/a[R Nb 4]
Fuzhou  China Fuzhou Metro 2016[80] 2020[81] 46[81] 59.72 km (37.11 mi)[81] 94.75 (2020)[R 18]
Guangzhou  China Guangzhou Metro 1997 2021[82] 247 531.1 km (330.0 mi)[83] 2415.60 (2020)[R 18]
Guiyang  China Guiyang Metro 2017[84] 2021[85] 55 75.7 km (47.0 mi)[85] 36.98 (2020)[R 18]
Hangzhou  China Hangzhou Metro[86] 2012 2021[87] 175 323.2 km (200.8 mi) 582.41 (2020)[R 18]
Harbin  China Harbin Metro 2013[88] 2021[89] 63 79 km (49 mi) 51.33 (2020)[R 18]
Hefei  China Hefei Metro 2016[90] 2020[91] 95 114.74 km (71.30 mi) 195.07 (2020)[R 18]
Hohhot  China Hohhot Metro 2019[92] 2020[93] 44[92] 49.039 km (30.471 mi)[92] 21.30 (2020)[R 18]
Hong Kong  China Mass Transit Railway 1979[Nb 11] 2021[Nb 12] 97[94] 204.4 km (127.0 mi)[95] 1155.8 (2020)[R 19][R 20][R Nb 5]
Jinan  China Jinan Metro 2019[96] 2021[97][6] 40[96][98] 84.3 km (52.4 mi)[96][98] 8.68 (2020)[R 18]
Kunming  China Kunming Metro 2012 2020[99] 84 139.4 km (86.6 mi)[100] 159.26 (2020)[R 18]
Lanzhou  China Lanzhou Metro 2019[101] – 20[101] 25.9 km (16.1 mi)[101] 52.48 (2020)[R 18]
Luoyang  China Luoyang Subway 2021[6][102] – 19[6][102] 25.3 km (15.7 mi)[6] n/a
Nanchang  China Nanchang Metro 2015 2020[103] 74 88.747 km (55.145 mi) 135.93 (2020)[R 18]
Nanjing  China Nanjing Metro[104] 2005 2018[104][Nb 13] 159[105] 378 km (235 mi)[105] 801.34 (2020)[R 18]
Nanning  China Nanning Metro[106] 2016 2021[107] 94 128.8 km (80.0 mi) 208.41 (2020)[R 18]
Ningbo  China Ningbo Rail Transit[108] 2014 2020[109] 102 154.9 km (96.3 mi) 159.86 (2020)[R 18]
Qingdao  China Qingdao Metro 2015[110] 2020[111] 106 246.2 km (153.0 mi) 139.09 (2020)[R 18]
Shanghai  China Shanghai Metro 1993[112] 2021[113] 369[Nb 14] 743 km (462 mi)[115][Nb 15] 2834.69 (2020)[R 18]
Shaoxing  China Shaoxing Metro 2021[116] – 10[116] 20.3 km (12.6 mi)[116] n/a
Shenyang  China Shenyang Metro 2010 2020[117] 91 116 km (72 mi) 316.28 (2020)[R 18]
Shenzhen  China Shenzhen Metro 2004 2020[118] 270 411 km (255 mi)[118] 1626.73 (2020)[R 18]
Shijiazhuang  China Shijiazhuang Metro 2017 2021[119] 60[119] 76.5 km (47.5 mi)[119] 71.71 (2020)[R 18]
Suzhou  China Suzhou Rail Transit 2012 2021[120] 154 210.8 km (131.0 mi)[120] 308.57 (2020)[R 18]
Taiyuan  China Taiyuan Metro 2020 – 23 23.65 km (14.70 mi)[121] 0.876 (6 days in 2020)
Tianjin  China Tianjin Metro 1984 2019[122] 145 236 km (147 mi) 338.75 (2020)[R 18]
Ürümqi  China Ürümqi Metro 2018 2019[123] 21 27.6 km (17.1 mi) 19.11 (2020)[R 18]
Wenzhou  China Wenzhou Rail Transit 2019[124] 2019[125] 18 53.5 km (33.2 mi)[125] 7.01 (2020)[R 18]
Wuhan  China Wuhan Metro 2004 2021[126] 241 360.3 km (223.9 mi)[127] 628.03 (2020)[R 18]
Wuhu  China Wuhu Rail Transit[UC 1] 2021[128] – 25 30.5 km (19.0 mi) n/a
Wuxi  China Wuxi Metro 2014[129] 2021[130] 87 114.8 km (71.3 mi) 87.22 (2020)[R 18]
Xiamen  China Xiamen Metro 2017[131] 2021[132] 65 98.7 km (61.3 mi) 113.97 (2020)[R 18]
Xi'an  China Xi'an Metro 2011 2021[133] 164 266.38 km (165.52 mi) 731.04 (2020)[R 18]
Xuzhou  China Xuzhou Metro 2019[134] 2021[135] 51 64.35 km (39.99 mi) 20.94 (2020)[R 18]
Zhengzhou  China Zhengzhou Metro 2013[136] 2021[137] 126 206.3 km (128.2 mi) 341.01 (2020)[R 18]
Medellín  Colombia Medellín Metro 1995[138] 2012[Nb 16] 27[138] 31.3 km (19.4 mi)[138] 115.4 (2020)[R 21]
Prague  Czech Republic Prague Metro 1974[139] 2015[Nb 17] 58[140] 65.2 km (40.5 mi)[141] 251.4 (2020)[R 22]
Copenhagen  Denmark Copenhagen Metro 2002[142] 2020[142] 39[143] 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[143] 63.7 (2020)[R 23]
Santo Domingo  Dominican Republic Santo Domingo Metro 2009 2018[144] 34[144][145][146] 31.0 km (19.3 mi)[145][146] 49.6 (2020)[R 24]
Cairo  Egypt Cairo Metro[147] 1987 2020[Nb 18] 71[147] 89.4 km (55.6 mi)[147] 1314 (2015)[R 25][R Nb 6]
Helsinki  Finland Helsinki Metro 1982[148] 2017[Nb 19][149] 25[150] 35 km (22 mi)[151] 60.4 (2020)[R 26]
Lille  France Lille Metro 1983[152] 2000[152] 60[153] 45 km (28 mi)[153] 127.6 (2019)[R 27]
Lyon  France Lyon Metro 1978[154] 2013[155] 40[156] 32.0 km (19.9 mi)[156] 219.5 (2019)[R 27]
Marseille  France Marseille Metro 1977 2019 29[157] 22.3 km (13.9 mi)[157] 76.6 (2019)[R 27]
Paris  France Paris Métro 1900[158] 2020[159] 304[160] 219.9 km (136.6 mi)[161] 753 (2020)[R 28][R Nb 7]
Rennes  France Rennes Metro 2002 – 15 9.4 km (5.8 mi) 37.2 (2019)[R 27]
Toulouse  France Toulouse Metro 1993[162] 2007[162][Nb 20] 37[163] 28.2 km (17.5 mi)[162] 118.2 (2019)[R 27]
Tbilisi  Georgia Tbilisi Metro 1966[164] 2017[165] 23[166] 27.1 km (16.8 mi)[166] 69.78 (2020)[R 3]
Berlin  Germany Berlin U-Bahn 1902[167] 2020[168] 174[169] 147.8 km (91.8 mi)[170] 596 (2019)[R 29]
Hamburg  Germany Hamburg U-Bahn 1912[171] 2019[172] 93[173] 105.8 km (65.7 mi)[173] 249.5 (2019)[R 30]
Munich  Germany Munich U-Bahn 1971[174] 2010[Nb 21] 96[174] 95 km (59 mi)[174] 429 (2019)[R 31]
Nuremberg  Germany Nuremberg U-Bahn 1972 2020[175][176] 49[176] 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[176] 114.6 (2019)[R 32]
Athens  Greece Athens Metro[Nb 22] 1904[179][Nb 23] 2020[180] 64[181] 88.7 km (55.1 mi)[177] 259.2 (2018)[R 33][R Nb 8]
Budapest  Hungary Budapest Metro 1896 2014[182] 48 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[182][183] 232.8 (2020)[R 34]
Ahmedabad  India Ahmedabad Metro 2019[184] – 6[184] 6.5 km (4.0 mi)[185] 0.4 (2021)[186]
Bengaluru  India Namma Metro 2011[187] 2021[188] 51[189] 56 km (35 mi)[189] 174.22 (2020*)[R 35]
Chennai  India Chennai Metro 2015[190] 2021[191] 42[192] 54 km (34 mi)[193] 42 (2021)[186]
Delhi  India Delhi Metro 2002[194] 2021[195] 230[Nb 24] 348.12 km (216.31 mi)[198][199] 1790 (2019*)[200]
Gurgaon  India Rapid Metro 2013[201] 2017[202] 11[202] 11.7 km (7.3 mi)[202] 18.3 (2018*)[R 36][R Nb 9]
Hyderabad  India Hyderabad Metro 2017[203] 2020[204] 56[204] 69 km (43 mi)[204] 173 (2021)[186]
Jaipur  India Jaipur Metro 2015[205][206] 2020[206] 11[206] 12.0 km (7.5 mi)[206] 7 (2021)[186]
Kochi  India Kochi Metro 2017[207] 2020[208] 22[208] 24.9 km (15.5 mi)[208] 17 (2021)[186]
Kolkata  India Kolkata Metro 1984[209] 2021[210] 33[211] 38.5 km (23.9 mi)[211] 256 (2021)[186]
Lucknow  India Lucknow Metro 2017[212] 2019[213] 21[212] 22.87 km (14.21 mi)[212] 22 (2021)[186]
Mumbai  India Mumbai Metro 2014[214] – 12[215] 11.4 km (7.1 mi)[215] 126 (2021)[216]
Nagpur  India Nagpur Metro 2019[217] 2021[218] 24[219][220][221] 26.1 km (16.2 mi)[220] 4 (2021) [186]
Noida  India Noida Metro 2019[222] – 21 29.7 km (18.5 mi) 5 (2021)[186]
Jakarta  Indonesia Jakarta MRT 2019[223] – 13 15.7 km (9.8 mi) 9.9 (2020)[R 37]
Isfahan  Iran Isfahan Urban Railway 2015[224] 2018[225][226] 20[225] 20.2 km (12.6 mi)[225] n/a
Mashhad  Iran Mashhad Urban Railway 2011[227] 2019[228] 35[229] 37.5 km (23.3 mi)[230] 50.7(2018)[R 38]
Shiraz  Iran Shiraz Metro 2014[231] 2020[Nb 25] 20 24.5 km (15.2 mi) 18 (2018)[R 39]
Tabriz  Iran Tabriz Metro 2015[232] 2020 15 17.2 km (10.7 mi) n/a
Tehran  Iran Tehran Metro 2000[233][Nb 26] 2021[234] 122[Nb 27][235] 155.6 km (96.7 mi)[Nb 27][235] 820 (2018*)[R 40]
Brescia  Italy Brescia Metro 2013[236] – 17[237] 13.7 km (8.5 mi)[237] 18.7 (2019)[R 41]
Catania  Italy Catania Metro 1999[238] 2017[239] 10[240] 8.8 km (5.5 mi) 5.8 (2018)[R 42]
Genoa  Italy Genoa Metro 1990[241] 2012[241] 8[241] 7.1 km (4.4 mi)[241] 15.3 (2018)[R 43][R Nb 10]
Milan  Italy Milan Metro 1964[242] 2015[242] 106[Nb 28] 96.8 km (60.1 mi)[244] 386.8 (2019)[R 44]
Naples  Italy Naples Metro[Nb 29] 1993 2021[Nb 30] 23[245] 20.5 km (12.7 mi)[245] 41.1 (2019)[R 45][R Nb 11]
Rome  Italy Rome Metro 1955 2018[246] 73[247] 60 km (37 mi)[248][249] 320 (2018)[R 46]
Turin  Italy Turin Metro 2006[250] 2021[251] 23[250][251] 15.1 km (9.4 mi)[251] 42.5 (2018)[R 47]
Fukuoka  Japan[Nb 31] Fukuoka City Subway 1981[252] 2005[252] 35[252] 29.8 km (18.5 mi)[252] 173.3 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Hiroshima  Japan[Nb 31] Astram Line 1994[253] 2015[254] 21 18.4 km (11.4 mi)[253] 24.0 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Kobe  Japan[Nb 31] Kobe Municipal Subway 1977[253] 2001 28 38.1 km (23.7 mi)[253] 114.2 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Kyoto  Japan[Nb 31] Kyoto Municipal Subway 1981[253] 2008 31[255] 31.2 km (19.4 mi)[253] 146.4 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Nagoya  Japan[Nb 31] Nagoya Municipal Subway 1957[253] 2011[256] 87[256] 93.3 km (58.0 mi)[256] 487.4 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Osaka  Japan[Nb 31] Osaka Metro 1933[257] 2006[257] 100[258] 129.9 km (80.7 mi)[257][259] 870.4 (2016*)[R 49][R Nb 12]
Sapporo  Japan[Nb 31] Sapporo Municipal Subway 1971[253] 1999 46[260] 48.0 km (29.8 mi)[253] 226.9 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Sendai  Japan[Nb 31] Sendai Subway 1987[261] 2015[262] 29[261] 28.7 km (17.8 mi)[261] 91.7 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Tokyo  Japan[Nb 31] Toei Subway 1960[263] 2002[263] 99[Nb 32] 109.0 km (67.7 mi)[263] 1174.9 (2019*)[R 50][R 48][R Nb 12]
Tokyo Metro 1927[266] 2020[267] 142[268] 195.1 km (121.2 mi)[269] 2757.4 (2019*)[R 50][R 48][R Nb 12]
Rinkai Line 1996[253] 2002 8 12.2 km (7.6 mi)[253] 95.0 (2019*)[R 51][R Nb 12]
Yokohama  Japan[Nb 31] Yokohama Municipal Subway 1972[270] 2008[270] 40[270] 53.4 km (33.2 mi)[270] 243.2 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Minatomirai Line 2004[253] 2008 6 4.1 km (2.5 mi)[253] 80.6 (2019*)[R 48][R Nb 12]
Almaty  Kazakhstan Almaty Metro 2011[271] 2015[271] 9 11.3 km (7.0 mi)[271] 7.0 (2020)[R 3]
Pyongyang  North Korea Pyongyang Metro 1973 1987[Nb 33] 17 22 km (14 mi) 36 (2009)[R 52]
Busan  South Korea Busan Metro 1985 2017[Nb 34] 135 139.9 km (86.9 mi) 361 (2019)[R 53][R Nb 13]
Daegu  South Korea Daegu Metro 1997 2015[Nb 35] 58[272] 81.2 km (50.5 mi)[272] 168 (2019)[R 53]
Daejeon  South Korea Daejeon Metro 2006 2007[Nb 36] 22 22.7 km (14.1 mi) 40 (2019)[R 53]
Gwangju  South Korea Gwangju Metro 2004 2008[Nb 37] 20 20.1 km (12.5 mi) 19 (2019)[R 53]
Incheon  South Korea Incheon Subway 1999 2020[273] 56[274] 59.4 km (36.9 mi)[274] 116 (2019)[R 53]
Seoul  South Korea Seoul Metropolitan Subway[Nb 38][Nb 39] 1974[275] 2021[276] 338[277] 364.9 km (226.7 mi)[277] 2127.2 (2020)[R 54][R Nb 14][R Nb 15]
Korail metro lines[Nb 40][Nb 39] 1994[Nb 41] 2020[278] 86 151.7 km (94.3 mi)[279] 426.4 (2019)[R 55][R Nb 16]
Shinbundang Line[Nb 39] (Neo Trans) 2011 2016[280] 12 31.3 km (19.4 mi)[280] 122.5 (2019)[R 55][R Nb 17]
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia Rapid Rail[Nb 42] 1996 2017[281] 104 142.5 km (88.5 mi) 113.2 (2020)[R 56]
Guadalajara  Mexico Tren Eléctrico Urbano[Nb 43] 2020 – 18 21.5 km (13.4 mi) n/a
Mexico City  Mexico Mexico City Metro 1969[282] 2012[Nb 44] 163[Nb 45] 200.9 km (124.8 mi)[283][Nb 46] 935.2 (2020)[R 57]
Monterrey  Mexico Metrorrey 1991[284] 2021[285] 38[286] 40.5 km (25.2 mi)[286] 109.9 (2020)[R 58]
Amsterdam  Netherlands Amsterdam Metro 1977 2018[287] 39[288] 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 111.3 (2019)[R 59][R Nb 18]
Rotterdam  Netherlands Rotterdam Metro[Nb 47] 1968 2019 70 100.6 km (62.5 mi) 99 (2019)[R 60]
Oslo  Norway Oslo Metro[Nb 48] 1966[Nb 49] 2016[Nb 50] 101 85 km (53 mi)[289] 74 (2020)[R 61]
Lahore  Pakistan Lahore Metro 2020[290] – 26 27.1 km (16.8 mi)[290] n/a
Panama City  Panama Panama Metro 2014 2019[291] 29 36.8 km (22.9 mi) 49.9 (2020)[R 62]
Lima  Peru Lima Metro 2011 2014[292] 26 34.6 km (21.5 mi)[292] 110.4 (2018)[R 63]
Manila  Philippines Manila Light Rail Transit System 1984[293] 2021[293] 33[294] 37.2 km (23.1 mi)[293][295] 218.2 (2019)[R 64][R Nb 19]
Manila Metro Rail Transit System 1999 2000 13 16.9 km (10.5 mi)[296] 96.9 (2019)[R 65]
Warsaw  Poland Warsaw Metro 1995 2020[297] 33 35.5 km (22.1 mi) 195.4 (2019)[R 66]
Lisbon  Portugal Lisbon Metro 1959[298] 2016[298] 56[298] 44.2 km (27.5 mi)[298] 85.6 (2020)[R 67]
Doha  Qatar Doha Metro 2019[299] 2019[300] 36[300] 76 km (47 mi)[Nb 51] n/a
Bucharest  Romania Bucharest Metro 1979[301] 2020[302] 63[303] 78.5 km (48.8 mi)[302] 179.2 (2019)[R 68]
Kazan  Russia Kazan Metro[304] 2005 2018[305] 11[306] 16.8 km (10.4 mi)[306] 21.5 (2019)[R 3]
Moscow  Russia Moscow Metro[307] 1935 2021 203[Nb 52][308] 435.7 km (270.7 mi)[308] 1618.2 (2020)[R 3]
Nizhny Novgorod  Russia Nizhny Novgorod Metro 1985 2018[309] 15[309] 21.6 km (13.4 mi)[citation needed] 20.4 (2020)[R 3]
Novosibirsk  Russia Novosibirsk Metro 1986 2010[310] 13[306] 15.9 km (9.9 mi)[306] 58.1 (2020)[R 3]
Saint Petersburg  Russia Saint Petersburg Metro 1955 2019[311] 64[Nb 53][312] 124.8 km (77.5 mi)[312] 495.0 (2020)[R 3]
Samara  Russia Samara Metro 1987[313] 2015[314] 10[306] 11.6 km (7.2 mi)[306] 8.8 (2020)[R 3]
Yekaterinburg  Russia Yekaterinburg Metro 1991 2012[315] 9[306] 12.7 km (7.9 mi)[306] 27.3 (2020)[R 3]
Singapore  Singapore Mass Rapid Transit 1987 2021[316] 127[317][316] 216 km (134 mi)[318] 738.4 (2020)[R 69][R Nb 20]
Barcelona  Spain Barcelona Metro[Nb 54] 1924 2021[319] 162[320] 124.7 km (77.5 mi)[320] 217.93 (2019)[R 70]
Bilbao  Spain Metro Bilbao[Nb 55] 1995[321] 2020[322][323] 42[324][323] 45.1 km (28.0 mi)[324] 91.6 (2019)[R 71]
Madrid  Spain Madrid Metro[Nb 56] 1919[325] 2019[326] 242[327] 288.5 km (179.3 mi)[327] 349.8 (2020)[R 72]
Stockholm  Sweden Stockholm Metro 1950[328][Nb 57] 1994[328] 100[329] 108 km (67 mi)[329] 355 (2018)[R 73]
Lausanne   Switzerland Lausanne Métro[Nb 58] 2008[330] – 14 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 32.8 (2019)[R 74][R Nb 21]
Kaohsiung  Taiwan Kaohsiung Rapid Transit 2008 2012 37[331] 42.7 km (26.5 mi)[331] 65.4 (2019)[R 75]
Taipei  Taiwan Taipei Metro 1996[332] 2020[333] 119[Nb 59] 146.2 km (90.8 mi)[334] 695.7 (2020)[R 76]
Taichung  Taiwan Taichung Metro[336] 2021[337] – 18[337] 16.7 km (10.4 mi)[337] n/a
Taoyuan  Taiwan Taoyuan Metro 2017 – 22[338] 53.1 km (33.0 mi) 28.0 (2019)[R 77]
Bangkok  Thailand BTS Skytrain 1999[339] 2021[340] 60[340] 68.2 km (42.4 mi)[341] 236.9 (2020*)[R 78]
Metropolitan Rapid Transit 2004[342] 2019[342] 53[343] 71 km (44 mi)[343] 95.3 (2020)[R 79][R Nb 22]
Adana  Turkey Adana Metro 2009 2010 13[344] 13.9 km (8.6 mi)[344] 14 (2011)[R 80]
Ankara  Turkey Ankara Metro 1997 2017[345][Nb 60] 56[346] 64.36 km (39.99 mi)[345][346] 66.4 (2020)[R 81]
Bursa  Turkey Bursaray 2002 2014[Nb 61] 38[347] 38.9 km (24.2 mi)[347] 91.3 (2010)[R 82]
Istanbul  Turkey Istanbul Metro[Nb 62] 1989[348] 2021[349] 107[Nb 63] 135.7 km (84.3 mi)[350] 262.3 (2020)[R 83][R Nb 23]
İzmir  Turkey İzmir Metro 2000[352] 2014[352] 17[352] 20 km (12 mi)[352] 100 (2019)[R 84]
Dnipro  Ukraine Dnipro Metro 1995 – 6[353] 7.1 km (4.4 mi)[353] 3.55 (2020)[R 85]
Kharkiv  Ukraine Kharkiv Metro 1975 2016 30[353] 38.1 km (23.7 mi)[353] 128.1 (2020)[R 86]
Kyiv  Ukraine Kyiv Metro 1960 2013 52[353] 67.6 km (42.0 mi)[353] 279.5 (2020)[R 87]
Dubai  United Arab Emirates Dubai Metro 2009[354] 2021[355] 56 89.5 km (55.6 mi) 113.6 (2020)[R 88]
Glasgow  United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 1896[356] – 15[356] 10.4 km (6.5 mi)[356] 12.7 (2019*)[R 89]
London  United Kingdom London Underground[357] 1863[2][Nb 64] 2021[2] 272[358] 405.2 km (251.8 mi)[358] 296 (2020*)[R 90][R 91][R Nb 24]
Docklands Light Railway 1987[359] 2011[359] 45[359] 34 km (21 mi) 39.9 (2020*)[R 90][R 91]
Atlanta  United States MARTA 1979[360] 2000[360] 38[361] 76.6 km (47.6 mi)[361] 24.1 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Baltimore  United States Baltimore Metro SubwayLink 1983[362] 1995[363] 14[363] 24.9 km (15.5 mi)[363] 2.9 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Boston  United States MBTA subway[Nb 65] 1901[362][Nb 66] 2014[364] 51[365] 61 km (38 mi)[365] 57.5 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Chicago  United States Chicago "L"[Nb 67] 1892[366][Nb 68] 2015[367] 145[368] 165.4 km (102.8 mi)[368][Nb 69] 76.0 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Cleveland  United States RTA Rapid Transit: Red Line 1955[369] 1968[369] 18[370] 31 km (19 mi)[370] 2.6 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Los Angeles  United States Metro Rail[Nb 70] 1993[371] 2000[371][Nb 71] 16[371][Nb 70] 28.0 km (17.4 mi)[371] 22.8 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2][R Nb 25]
Miami  United States Metrorail 1984[372] 2012 23[373] 40.1 km (24.9 mi)[373] 9.6 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
New York City  United States New York City Subway 1904[374][Nb 72] 2017[375] 424[Nb 73] 399 km (248 mi)[376] 639.5 (2020)[R 92]
Staten Island Railway 1925[362][Nb 74] 2017[377] 21[374][378] 22.5 km (14.0 mi)[376] 2.7 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
PATH 1908[379] 1937[Nb 75] 13[380] 22.2 km (13.8 mi)[381] 29.7 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Philadelphia  United States SEPTA[382][Nb 76] 1907[362] 1973 75[382] 59.1 km (36.7 mi)[383][384] 37.7 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
PATCO Speedline 1936[362][Nb 77] 1980[385] 13[385] 22.9 km (14.2 mi)[385] 3.9 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
San Francisco/Oakland  United States BART[Nb 78] 1972[386] 2020[387] 47[386][Nb 79] 186.8 km (116.1 mi)[386][Nb 80] 34.1 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
San Juan  United States Tren Urbano 2004[362] 2005 16 17.2 km (10.7 mi) 1.1 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Washington, D.C.  United States Washington Metro 1976[388] 2014[389] 91[388] 188 km (117 mi)[388] 68.1 (2020)[R 16][R Nb 2]
Tashkent  Uzbekistan Tashkent Metro 1977 2020[Nb 81] 39[390] 57.1 km (35.5 mi)[390] 38.8 (2020)[R 3]
Caracas  Venezuela Caracas Metro[Nb 82] 1983[391] 2015[392] 52[Nb 83] 67.2 km (41.8 mi)[Nb 83] 358 (2017)[R 93]
Hanoi  Vietnam Hanoi Metro 2021[395] – 12 13.1 km (8.1 mi) n/a
Table notes

^* Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year.

List by country[]

As of 9 November 2021
Country Systems Length Inauguration
China China 43 6,671.8 km (4,145.7 mi) 1971
 United States 15 1,344.7 km (835.6 mi) 1892
 South Korea 8 871.2 km (541.3 mi) 1974
 Japan 13 791.2 km (491.6 mi) 1927
India India 13 733.1 km (455.5 mi) 1984
 Russia 7 615.5 km (382.5 mi) 1935
 Spain 3 458.3 km (284.8 mi) 1919
 United Kingdom 5 446.4 km (277.4 mi) 1863
 Germany 4 386.8 km (240.3 mi) 1902
 France 6 356.8 km (221.7 mi) 1900
 Brazil 7 345.4 km (214.6 mi) 1974
 Turkey 5 272.86 km (169.55 mi) 1989
 Mexico 3 262.9 km (163.4 mi) 1969
 Taiwan 4 258.7 km (160.7 mi) 1996
 Iran 5 255.0 km (158.4 mi) 2000
Canada Canada 3 227.1 km (141.1 mi) 1954
 Italy 7 222.0 km (137.9 mi) 1955
 Thailand 2 210.25 km (130.64 mi) 1999
 Singapore 1 216 km (134 mi) 1987
 Malaysia 1 142.4 km (88.5 mi) 1996
 Netherlands 2 141.8 km (88.1 mi) 1968
 Chile 1 140 km (87 mi) 1975
 Ukraine 3 112.8 km (70.1 mi) 1960
 Sweden 1 108 km (67 mi) 1950
 United Arab Emirates 1 89.5 km (55.6 mi) 2009
 Egypt 1 89.4 km (55.6 mi) 1987
 Greece 1 88.7 km (55.1 mi) 1904
 Norway 1 85.0 km (52.8 mi) 1966
 Austria 1 83.3 km (51.8 mi) 1976
 Romania 1 78.5 km (48.8 mi) 1979
 Qatar 1 76.0 km (47.2 mi) 2019
 Venezuela 1 67.2 km (41.8 mi) 1983
 Czech Republic 1 65.2 km (40.5 mi) 1974
 Uzbekistan 1 57.1 km (35.5 mi) 1978
 Argentina 1 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 1913
 Bulgaria 1 52 km (32 mi) 1998
 Portugal 1 44.2 km (27.5 mi) 1959
 Philippines 2 44.1 km (27.4 mi) 1984
 Belarus 1 40.8 km (25.4 mi) 1984
 Belgium 1 39.9 km (24.8 mi) 1976
 Hungary 1 38.2 km (23.7 mi) 1896
 Denmark 1 38.2 km (23.7 mi) 2002
 Panama 1 36.8 km (22.9 mi) 2014
 Azerbaijan 1 37.6 km (23.4 mi) 1967
 Australia 1 36 km (22 mi) 2019
 Poland 1 35.7 km (22.2 mi) 1995
 Finland 1 35.0 km (21.7 mi) 1982
 Peru 1 34.6 km (21.5 mi) 2011
 North Korea 1 32 km (20 mi) 1973
 Colombia 1 31.3 km (19.4 mi) 1995
 Dominican Republic 1 31 km (19 mi) 2009
 Georgia 1 28.3 km (17.6 mi) 1966
 Pakistan 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi) 2020
 Algeria 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi) 2011
 Indonesia 1 15.7 km (9.8 mi) 2019
 Armenia 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi) 1981
 Vietnam 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 2021
 Kazakhstan 1 11.3 km (7.0 mi) 2011
  Switzerland 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 2008

Under construction[]

The following is a list of new worldwide metro systems that are currently actively under construction. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it begins operational service. Only metro systems under construction are listed where there are no metro systems currently in operation in the same city.

The countries of Bangladesh, Ecuador, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and Serbia are currently constructing their first ever metro systems.

City Country Name Start of construction Planned opening
Dhaka  Bangladesh Dhaka Metro 2016[UC 2] 2022[UC 3]
Guilin  China Guilin Metro 2017[UC 4] 2025
Jinhua  China Jinhua Rail Transit[UC 5] 2017[UC 6] 2021[UC 5]
Liuzhou  China Liuzhou Metro 2016 2024
Nantong  China Nantong Metro 2017 2022
Qingyuan  China Qingyuan Maglev 2019 2021
Shantou  China 2016 2025
Taizhou  China Taizhou Rail Transit 2016 2021
Bogotá  Colombia Bogotá Metro 2020[UC 7] 2028
Quito  Ecuador Quito Metro[UC 8] 2012[UC 8][UC 9] 2022[UC 10]
Thessaloniki  Greece Thessaloniki Metro 2006[UC 11] 2023[UC 12]
Agra  India Agra Metro 2020 2025
Bhopal  India Bhopal Metro 2018 2023[UC 13]
Indore  India Indore Metro 2018 2023[UC 13]
Kanpur  India Kanpur Metro 2019 2021
Navi Mumbai  India Navi Mumbai Metro[UC 14] 2011 2022[UC 14]
Patna  India Patna Metro 2020 2024
Pune  India Pune Metro 2017 2021[UC 15]
Surat  India Surat Metro 2021 2023
Ahvaz  Iran Ahvaz Metro 2004 unknown (after 2020)[UC 16]
Karaj  Iran Karaj Metro [fa] 2006[UC 17] 2021[UC 18]
Kermanshah  Iran  [fa] 2011 2022[UC 19]
Qom  Iran Qom Metro[UC 20] 2009 2022[UC 21]
Abidjan  Ivory Coast Abidjan Metro 2017 2023[UC 22]
Lagos  Nigeria Lagos Rail Mass Transit 2009 2022[UC 23]
Chelyabinsk  Russia Chelyabinsk Metro[UC 24] 1992 unknown (after 2025)[UC 25]
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia Riyadh Metro[UC 26] 2014[UC 26] 2021[UC 27]
Belgrade  Serbia Belgrade Metro 2021[396] 2028
Gebze  Turkey Gebze Metro 2018 2023
New Taipei  Taiwan New Taipei Metro 2016[UC 28] 2023[UC 28]
Honolulu  United States Honolulu Rail Transit 2012[UC 29] 2022[UC 29]
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City Metro[UC 30][UC 31] 2012[UC 30] 2024[UC 32]

See also[]

Notes[]

System notes[]

  1. ^ Line A opened in stages between 1913 and 1914 by the Anglo-Argentine Tramways Company. Line A services continued as above-ground tram services through an access ramp at Primera Junta Station. Subway-surface services into Line A ceased in 1926, with the line and its rolling stock transitioned into pure rapid transit operation by 1927.[16][17]
  2. ^ Vienna's Metropolitan Railway (Wiener Stadtbahn) first opened for service in 1898, operating steam locomotive trains on mostly elevated or underground ROWs. From 1976 onwards, part of it was integrated into the newly established Vienna U-Bahn system (lines U4 and U6), operating as a modern metro.
  3. ^ Line 2's loop was completed in 2009
  4. ^ Not including stations of premetro Lines T3, T4, and T7.
  5. ^ Includes METROREC's rapid transit lines only: Linha Centro (Center Line) and Linha Sul (South Line).
  6. ^ The Beijing Subway's first line began trial operations on 1 October 1969. It opened to revenue service under trial operations on 15 January 1971. Initially, only members of the public with credential letters from their work units could purchase tickets, but this restriction was removed on 27 December 1972. The subway line passed its final inspections and ended trial operations on 15 September 1981. During the trial operations period, annual ridership rose from 8.28 million in 1971 to 55.2 million in 1980. See the history section of the Beijing Subway for details and references.
  7. ^ The number is 342 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 408 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line. Both counts exclude the 6 stations of the Xijiao LRT line.[66]
  8. ^ Length excludes the Xijiao LRT line and Yizhuang T1 LRT Line.
  9. ^ 285 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. 337 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line. Excludes light rail line T2.
  10. ^ First line of Foshan Metro serves two cities – Foshan and Guangzhou
  11. ^ The first MTR route to offer metro service was the Modified Initial System in 1979, which consists of portions of the later Tsuen Wan Line and Kwun Tong Line. Though the eventual East Rail Line opened as a conventional railway in 1910, it did not offer metro service until at least in 1982 when it was electrified.
  12. ^ Tuen Ma Line Phase 2
  13. ^ Line S7
  14. ^ As of December 2020, the number is 457 if the 64 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it's 369 if they're combined; shared tracks/platforms on Lines 3 and 4 are anyway counted as a single stations (nine in all between Hongqiao Road and Baoshan Road).[113][114]
  15. ^ This figure excludes Maglev line and Jinshan Railway, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
  16. ^ Extension of Line A from Itagüí south to La Estrella.
  17. ^ Line A was extended in April 2015.
  18. ^ Line 3's first section opened in 2012 and was extended in 2014, and extended again on 15 June 2019.
  19. ^ Opening of the Länsimetro extension on 18 November 2017.
  20. ^ Opening of Toulouse Metro Line B.
  21. ^ The U3 extension from Olympia-Einkaufszentrum (OEZ) to Moosach.
  22. ^ The Blue Line (Line 3) also has a 20.7 km (12.9 mi) section (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.[177][178]
  23. ^ The Green Line (Line 1), operated until 2011 by Athens–Piraeus Electric Railways, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in 1948, and extended to its full length to Kifissia in 1957 using the right-of-way of a former metre gauge suburban line. Full metro operation since 1904 between Piraeus and Athens and 1957 to Kifissia. In 2011, it was integrated with Athens Metro under the company STASY S.A.[177]
  24. ^ As of September 2021, the number is 254 if the 24 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 230, including the six stations on the Delhi Airport Metro Express line, if they are combined; Ashok Park Main station, where the two diverging branches of Line 5 share tracks/platforms, is anyway counted as a single station.[196][197]
  25. ^ Kaveh station opens
  26. ^ Opening of metro-standards Line 2.
  27. ^ a b The 41.5 km (25.8 mi) Line 5 of the Tehran Metro is a commuter rail line, and so is not included in the statistics here – only metro Lines 1–4 and 6–7 are.
  28. ^ As of October 2018, the number is 113 if the 7 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 106 if they are combined.[242][243]
  29. ^ Naples Metro is made up of Line 1 and Line 6 only. Line 2 is a commuter rail line.
  30. ^ Partial opening (line 1 only) of Municipio station in June
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j In general, the majority of urban rail service in Japanese metropolitan areas is provided by systems not included in this list. For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
  32. ^ As of October 2018, the number is 106 if the 7 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 99 if they are combined; Higashi-nihombashi station and Bakuro-yokoyama station, where an out-of-system transfer between Asakusa Line and Shinjuku Line is possible, are anyway counted as two stations.[263][264][265]
  33. ^ Yŏnggwang and Puhŭng opened in 1987
  34. ^ Line 1
  35. ^ Daegu Metro Line 3 opened in 2015.
  36. ^ Second phase of line 1
  37. ^ Line 1 fully opened
  38. ^ The Seoul Subway Lines 1-9 and Seoul Light Rapid Transit is actually operated by several different operators – Seoul Metro and Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation (SLM9), plus through-operation services from Korail – but because all of these lines are owned by the City Government of Seoul, here in the table they're counted together as one system.
  39. ^ a b c Seoul's Metropolitan Subway system can also be viewed as a comprehensive metro network made up of multiple owned/operated metro systems. If viewed as such, the combined route length of Seoul's comprehensive metro-standards network would be 543.7 km (337.8 mi), and it would serve a grand total of 434 stations.
  40. ^ Includes Korail portions of Seoul Subway Line 3 (Ilsan Line: 19.2 km, 10 stations) and Seoul Subway Line 4 (Gwacheon Line and Ansan Line: 40.4 km, 22 stations), and the Suin–Bundang Line (108.1 km, 63 stations in part shared with the Ansan Line).
  41. ^ Extension of both Gwacheon Line and Subway Line 4 to Namtaeryeong Station and start of the metro through-operation on April, 1.
  42. ^ Statistics presented include rapid transit lines only: Ampang Line, Sri Petaling Line, Kelana Jaya Line Sungai Buloh-Kajang Line. KL Monorail, KLIA Ekspres and KLIA Transit Line are not included.
  43. ^ Only Line 3 counts as a Metro line. Line 1 is light rail, and Line 2 is a light Metro system.
  44. ^ Line 12 opened 2012.
  45. ^ The number is 163 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one, or 195 if stations are counted multiple times for each line.[283]
  46. ^ Note that:
    • "Operación": route length in active revenue and non-revenue service
    • "Servicio": route length in active revenue service
    • "Vuelta": track length in active revenue service
    • "Total": all track length in active revenue, maintenance and non-revenue service
    System length value derived from "RED Servicio" or net route length in active revenue service.
  47. ^ Some sections of the Rotterdam Metro (portions of Lines A, B, E) have some level crossings (with priority) and so could therefore be considered "light rail" instead of "metro".
  48. ^ These systems have similarities to light rail systems, because of the existence of road level crossings, but are listed since they are almost entirely separated from roads.
  49. ^ The first underground portion was opened in 1928, but that was a tram line. One surface line has origins from 1898. System opened as a full Metro in 1966.
  50. ^ Opening of the Løren station in 2016.
  51. ^ Combined lengths of the Red, Green, and Gold lines.
  52. ^ The number is 203 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 250 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  53. ^ The number is 64 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 72 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  54. ^ TMB-operated lines L1-L5 and L9-L11 only. FGC-operated lines L6-L8 share track with other FGC commuter lines, and thus don't qualify as metro-standards lines.
  55. ^ CTB-owned and "Metro Bilbao S.A."-operated line 1 and Line 2 only.
  56. ^ Including TFM, MetroSur and other suburban lines, but not the three Metro Ligero de Madrid lines which are light rail.
  57. ^ The first line, later known as Green Line, was opened by stages during the 1950s, partly converting to metro operations prior rapid tram alignments. These included the oldest tunnel, built in 1933, which name (Tunnelbana) and symbol were bequeathed to the new system.
  58. ^ The Lausanne Metro has two lines: Line M1 is light rail, while Line M2 is rapid transit. The stats listed are for Line M2 only.
  59. ^ As of January 2020, the number is 131 if the 12 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it's 119 if they're combined. Out-of-station transfers at Banqiao and Xinpu - Xinpu Minsheng, which require leaving paid area, are counted as 2 stations each; transfer stations that provide cross-platform interchange are anyway counted as a single stations (four in all: Ximen, CKS Memorial Hall, Guting and Dongmen stations).[334][335]
  60. ^ Opening of lines M2 and M3.
  61. ^ Extension to Gürsu.
  62. ^ Currently operational metro standards lines, M1–M7, only included. All other Istanbul lines or segments are either tram or commuter rail, or are under construction, and so are not included here.
  63. ^ As of November 2020, the number is 104 if the 5 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 99 if they are combined.[350][351]
  64. ^ London's Metropolitan Railway first opened for service in 1863, operating steam locomotive trains in cut and cover tunnels. It began operating as a modern metro when electric-propulsion trains began operating on the system's first deep-level tube line in 1890.
  65. ^ Includes MBTA's rapid transit lines only: Red Line, Orange Line and Blue Line.
  66. ^ The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that had opened in 1897 as an underground streetcar tunnel (for the light rail Green Line).
  67. ^ System contains many sections with grade crossings.
  68. ^ Dated from the opening of "The Loop", when the system became unified and electrified. However, the L first was electrified in 1895, when the Metropolitan West Side Elevated opened.
  69. ^ This figure comes from the sum of the following figures from the accompanying reference (i.e. "Facts at a Glance". Chicago Transit Authority. December 2012. Retrieved 21 July 2013.): 35.8 miles of elevated route, 35.0 miles at grade level, 20.6 miles on embankments, and 11.4 miles of subway.
  70. ^ a b Rapid transit B and D lines only. All other L.A. Metro Rail lines are light rail, and are not included here.
  71. ^ This was the date of the last extension to the B Line in the rapid transit portion of Los Angeles' Metro Rail.
  72. ^ First regular elevated railway service, originally cable hauled, began in 1868. Elevateds converted to steam power in 1870, electrified by 1903. The first section of electrified subway opened in 1904.
  73. ^ The number is 424 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 472 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.[374]
  74. ^ While the line opened as a railroad in 1860, it was not until 1925 that rapid transit equipment would be operated here.
  75. ^ The last completely new stations were the current Newark and Harrison stations, which respectively replaced the Park Place and Harrison stations on a different alignment in 1937. According to PATH, its newest station is World Trade Center, which was completed in 2015 but replaced a previous station on the same site.
  76. ^ Includes SEPTA's rapid transit lines only: Broad Street Line (Orange Line), Market–Frankford Line (Blue Line) and Norristown High Speed Line.
  77. ^ Opening of the Bridge Line, the precursor rapid transit line to PATCO's, which ran between 8th Street in Philadelphia and Broadway in Camden. The current PATCO Speedline, with service through to Lindenwold, opened in 1969.[385]
  78. ^ BART's rapid transit lines only; the eBART line to Antioch and the Oakland International Airport (OAK) APM are excluded.
  79. ^ 47 rapid transit stations, plus three additional stations (two eBART and one AGT) within the system.
  80. ^ This figure excludes the eBART extension from Pittsburg/Bay Point to Antioch (9.2 miles) and the "BART to Oakland International Airport (OAK) elevated guideway" (3.2 miles).
  81. ^ The Circle Line was opened in 2020
  82. ^ Statistics presented here include the Los Teques Metro which functions as effectively a subsidiary and extension of the Caracas Metro.
  83. ^ a b By the end of 2014, Caracas Metro had a length of 54.03 km and 47 stations;[391] further 1.3 km was added with the single-station extension to Bello Monte in the following year.[392] Los Teques Metro contributes to the system’s total with 11.9 km in length and four stations.[393][394]

Ridership notes[]

  1. ^ This patronage figure is derived from OPAL trips (i.e. a tap-on/tap-off pair of the same OPAL card, including isolated tap-on or tap-off), non-OPAL ridership, as the users of some concessional cards or integrated tickets for events, is excluded.[R 5]
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q All American Public Transportation Association (APTA) figures are derived from unlinked transit passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two passenger trips, transferring twice counts as three trips, etc.).
  3. ^ This ridership figure is the sum of the "Heavy Rail (HR)" and "Intermediate Rail (IR)" figures for Toronto from the APTA Ridership report – in other words, this figure includes ridership on the Line 3 Scarborough (RT) line which APTA considers to be "Intermediate Rail (IR)".
  4. ^ Counted in with Guangzhou's ridership figures.
  5. ^ Note that:
    1. the ridership includes "Domestic Service", "Airport Express" and "Cross-boundary";
    2. "Intercity, Light Rail & Bus" and "High Speed Rail (HSR)" are excluded from the counts.
  6. ^ Figure extrapolated from 3.6 million average daily boardings
  7. ^ Does not include ridership on the RER/Transilien (264 million in 2020) and the Tramways (210 million).
  8. ^ This ridership figure is the sum of the two "Μετρό" figures (Γ1 line, or "Ηλεκτρικός", formerly ran by IASA and Γ2 - Γ3 lines, formerly ran by AMEL) from the OAΣA's 2018 Activity Report.
  9. ^ Figure extrapolated from 50 000 average daily boardings.
  10. ^ Figure extrapolated from 42 000 average daily boardings
  11. ^ 56.4 million including 4 Funicular lines
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Compared to European or North American systems, Japanese rapid transit systems are generally neither thought of as metros nor as completely subterranean "subways" complicating whether only using the municipal subway statistic is accurate when comparing with other Metros around the world. As example Tokyo Metro and the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation's Toei Subway constitute only 22% of the 14.6 billion metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Tokyo (MLIT Yearly Statistics). In addition, when one considers intracity lines of JR East and private railway companies, Greater Tokyo (130 lines) has higher daily ridership than any other metropolitan area in the world with 14.6 billion passengers annually. The Osaka Municipal Subway also has only a minority share of all metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Osaka, constituting only 17.6% of Greater Osaka's 4.745 billion rail passengers annually in 2010. Including the municipal subway systems in both Kobe and Kyoto, the result still only comprises 22% of all rail travel in the Greater Osaka area with 1065.8 million passengers yearly (MLIT Yearly Statistics). For Greater Nagoya, the Nagoya Municipal Subway has only a minority share of all metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Nagoya constituting only 38% of Greater Nagoya's 1.095 billion rail passengers annually in 2010 (MLIT Yearly Statistics). For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan with ridership statistics, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
  13. ^ This ridership figure includes the Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit ridership in the total.
  14. ^ This figure counts only gate-passers, so it only includes Seoul Metro and Seoul Subway Line 9 riders. Other lines that function as separate systems within the greater Seoul urban rail network are excluded.
  15. ^ Ridership is based on unlinked passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two trips, transferring between three lines counts as three trips, etc.).
  16. ^ This ridership figure is the sum of the total annual trips (수송인원, boarding and transfer passengers) on the five lines (Gwacheon/Ansan, Bundang, Ilsan and Suin) from the accompanying reference. Overall, Korail metro/commuter lines in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMESRS) carry 1,189 million passengers annually (2019).
  17. ^ This ridership figure is the sum of the total annual trips (수송인원, boarding and transfer passengers) on the two sections (Phase 1 and Phase 2) of the line, from the accompanying reference.
  18. ^ This figure includes in full the ridership on Amstelveen Line until March 2019, when route 51 was curtailed at Zuid Station.
  19. ^ This figure is the sum of the passenger ridership on the two LRTA lines, L1 and L2, from the accompanying reference; it is based on unlinked passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two trips, etc.).
  20. ^ Figure extrapolated from 2.023 million average daily ridership.
  21. ^ Ridership figure is for rapid transit Line M2 only; ridership on the light rail M1 line is excluded.
  22. ^ This ridership figure is obtained by the average per day ridership monthly figures from the BEM's 2020 Ridership Report.
  23. ^ This ridership figure is the sum of the total annual trips on the metro lines M1–M7, from the accompanying reference; it is based on unlinked passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two trips, etc.).
  24. ^ Does not include ridership on the separate Docklands Light Railway (39.9 million), London Overground (53.8 million), Tramlink or National Rail systems within Greater London.
  25. ^ L.A. Metro's heavy rail lines, B and D lines, only.

References[]

System references[]

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Ridership references[]

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    This ridership figure includes the ViaQuatro Line 4 and Via Mobilidade Line 5 ridership in the total.
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    This ridership figure is the sum of those quoted for the rapid transit lines
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  38. ^ "قطارشهری مشهد 29 اسفند تا 3 بامداد اول فروردین فعال خواهد بود/ جابجایی مسافر توسط خط دو قطارشهری طی". metro.mashhad.ir. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
  39. ^ "کدام شهرهای کشور مترو دارند؟ (Jan 29 2019)". www.isna.ir. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  40. ^ کارنامه 28ماه متروی تهران.
  41. ^ "Trasporto Pubblico Locale" (PDF). comune.brescia.it (in Italian). Città di Brescia. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  42. ^ "Metro di Catania, nel 2018 quasi sei milioni di passeggeri: +68% rispetto all'anno precedente" [Catania Metro, almost six million passengers in 2018: +68% compared to the previous year]. catania.mobilita.org (in Italian). Mobilità Catania. Retrieved 31 January 2019.
  43. ^ "La metropolitana più affollata d'Italia, ecco la classifica con tutti i numeri delle principali città". 17 October 2017.
  44. ^ "Bilancio Consolidato del Gruppo ATM e Bilancio di Esercizio di ATM S.p.A. 2019" (PDF) (in Italian). Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) SpA. April 2020. p. 32. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  45. ^ "Carta della Mobilità 2020" (PDF) (in Italian). ANM - Azienda Napoletana Mobilità SpA. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  46. ^ Filippi, Pier Paolo (25 August 2019). "L'Atac perde passeggeri, via uno su 5 in dieci anni: "Troppi guasti e incendi"" [Atac loses passengers, one in five in ten years: «Too many breakdowns and fires»]. Il Messaggero (in Italian). Caltagirone Editore. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  47. ^ Ricca, Jacopo (13 March 2019). "Due minuti e 17 secondi, torna alla normalità la metropolitana di Torino" [Two minutes and 17 seconds, Turin Metro goes back to normal]. la Repubblica (in Italian). GEDI Gruppo Editoriale S.p.A. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k 令和２年度 地下鉄事業の現況 [FY2020 Current status of subway business] (PDF). Chikatetsu Jigyo No Genkyo (in Japanese). 一般社団法人 日本地下鉄協会 [Japan Subway Association]. October 2020. ISSN 2188-0786. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  49. ^ 交通局の予算・決算について [About accounting and budget of Transportation Bureau] (in Japanese). 大阪市営交通局 [Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau]. Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

    Annual ridership figure is calculated from the 2378229 passenger daily average quoted for metro lines (高速鉄道) only.
  50. ^ a b "関東交通広告協議会 各社・各駅・乗降人員・通貨人員・輸送人員（2019年度1日平均）" (PDF). 関東交通広告協議会. October 2020.
  51. ^ 令和元年度決算の概要 [Summary of FY2019 financial results] (PDF). www.twr.co.jp (in Japanese). Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit .Inc. 12 June 2020. p. 1. Retrieved 24 November 2020.

    Annual ridership figure is calculated from the 259468 passenger daily average quoted.
  52. ^ Michael Rohde. "Pyongyang – metrobits.org". Mic-ro.com. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
  53. ^ a b c d e 연도별 도시철도 수송실적 [Urban railway yearly transportation performance]. www.index.go.kr (in Korean). 1 September 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  54. ^ "Seoul Metropolitan Subway Transportation Statistics" (in Korean). City of Seoul. 14 July 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (You can select English from the language dropdown that reads "한국어")
  55. ^ a b 2019 Statistical Yearbook of Railroad (PDF) (Report) (in Korean). vol. II 지역간철도 [Urban railway] (57 ed.). Korea Railroad corp. (KORAIL). 31 August 2020. pp. 534–535 – via info.korail.com. |volume= has extra text (help)
  56. ^ "Bilangan Penumpang Bagi Perkhidmatan Pengangkutan Rel, 2020" [Number of Passengers for Rail Transport Services, 2020] (PDF) (in Malay and English). Ministry of Transport, Malaysia. 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021 – via Quarterly Statistics of Rail Transport.

    This ridership figure is the sum of those quoted for the rapid transit lines
  57. ^ "Afluencia de estación por línea 2020" (in Spanish). Metro CDMX. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  58. ^ "Banco de Información Económica – Comunicaciones y transportes > Principales características del sistema de transporte colectivo Metrorrey > Pasajeros transportados" (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional De Estadística Y Geografía (INEGI). 15 February 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020
  59. ^ "Jaarverslag 2019" [2019 Annual Report] (PDF) (in Dutch). GVB Holding NV. p. 42. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  60. ^ "Nog meer metro's in spits op Randstadrail" [Even more metro trains in rush hour on Randstadrail]. RTV Rijnmond (in Dutch). 30 March 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  61. ^ "Nøkkeltall" [Key figures] (in Norwegian). Ruter As. March 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  62. ^ "Demanda Mensual Red de Metro" [Monthly Demand for the Metro Network] (in Spanish). El Metro de Panamá, S.A. January 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021 – via www.elmetrodepanama.com.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020
  63. ^ "Pasajeros Transportados en la Línea 1" (in Spanish). Autoridad Autónoma del Sistema Eléctrico de Transporte. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  64. ^ "2019 Annual Report" (PDF). www.lrta.gov.ph. Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA). August 2020. p. 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  65. ^ Balinbin, Arjay L. (24 January 2020). "MRT-3 ticket sales, rider count further fall as repairs continue". BusinessWorld. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  66. ^ "Raport Roczny 2019" [Annual report 2019] (PDF). Metro Warszawskie Sp. z o.o. 2020. p. 13. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  67. ^ "Metro em números" [Metro in numbers] (in Portuguese). Metropolitano de Lisboa E.P.E. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  68. ^ "Activity Report 2019" (PDF). Metrorex S.A. p. 36. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  69. ^ Land Transport Authority (12 March 2021). "Public Transport Operation And Ridership". SingStat Table Builder. Singapore Department of Statistics. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  70. ^ "Basic data 2020" (PDF). Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB). Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  71. ^ "Metro in figures › Demand". Metro Bilbao S.A. Retrieved 23 February 2021.[permanent dead link]
  72. ^ "Evolución de la demanda – Cierre 2020" [Evolution of demand – End of 2020] (PDF) (in Spanish). Metro de Madrid S.A. January 2021. p. 2. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  73. ^ Annual Report 2018 › Business Review - Mainland of China and International Businesses (PDF) (Report). MTR Corporation Ltd. 2019. p. 86. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  74. ^ "Rapport d'activité 2019" [2019 activity report] (PDF) (in French). Transports publics de la région lausannoise (tl). May 2020. p. 23. Retrieved 27 June 2020 – via Rapport d’activité.
  75. ^ 統計資料 高雄捷運 [Statistics – Kaohsiung MRT] (in Chinese). Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corp. 8 January 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2019
  76. ^ "Ridership Counts". Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation. 15 August 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020.
  77. ^ 統計資料 [Statistics] (in Chinese). Taoyuan Metro Corporation. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2019
  78. ^ "Across boundaries – Annual Report 2019/20" (PDF). BTS Group Holdings Public Company Ltd. 19 June 2020. p. 43. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  79. ^ "Ridership". bemplc.co.th. Bangkok Expressway and Metro Public Company Ltd. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  80. ^ "Loading..." www.rayturk.net. Archived from the original on 31 December 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  81. ^ Yilmaz, Murat (17 February 2021). "Toplu taşımada salgın etkisi" [Epidemic effect in public transport]. Ankara Haberleri [Ankara News]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). Demirören Group. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  82. ^ Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Basın Koordinasyon Merkezi. "ÜNİVERSİTE ETABINDA SEFERLER BAŞLIYOR". bursa.bel.tr. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  83. ^ "Yıllara Göre Hat Bazlı Aylık Yolcu Sayıları" [Number of Monthly Passengers by Line and by Years] (PDF) (in Turkish). Metro İstanbul A.Ş. p. 2. Retrieved 18 February 2021 – via Yolcu İstatistikleri.
  84. ^ "İzmir'de metro ve tramvay 2019'da 140 milyon yolcu taşıdı" [Metro and tram in İzmir carried 140 million passengers in 2019]. www.izmir.bel.tr (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi [İzmir Metropolitan Municipality]. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  85. ^ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode] (PDF). www.dneprstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  86. ^ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode]. kh.ukrstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. Retrieved 14 September 2021. (You can select English from the language dropdown)
  87. ^ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode]. kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  88. ^ "Over 340 million riders used mass transit means, shared transport, taxis in 2020 despite COVID-19 challenges". Emirates News Agency (WAM). 17 February 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  89. ^ "Annual Report 2019/20". Strathclyde Partnership for Transport (SPT). 8 September 2020. p. 12. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  90. ^ a b "Annual Report and Statement of Accounts 2020/21" (PDF). Transport for London. 28 July 2021. pp. 89–90. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  91. ^ a b Transport for London (23 August 2021). "Public Transport Journeys by Type of Transport". London Datastore. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  92. ^ "Subway and bus ridership for 2020". Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  93. ^ "Metro de Caracas". Retrieved 30 September 2021.

Under construction system references[]

  1. ^ "The latest developments of Wuhu Rail Transit, Line 1 and Line 2 to be put into operation in 2020" 芜湖轨道交通最新进展，1号线、2号线2020年投入运营. 搜狐. 27 February 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  2. ^ "Metro rail, BRT projects inaugurated - Dhaka Tribune". archive.dhakatribune.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  3. ^ "Uttara-Agargaon Metro Rail: Launch now aimed at Dec 2022". The Daily Star. 6 June 2021.
  4. ^ "桂林"云轨"线路首段中央公园站-会展中心站段开工". 广西新闻网. Archived from the original on 10 November 2020.
  5. ^ a b "金华：轨道交通金义段力争2021年通车--浙江频道--人民网". zj.people.com.cn. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  6. ^ "金义东市域轨道交通工程首批标段今日开工". Zhejiang News. 28 July 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  7. ^ "China Harbour Engineering begins work on US$4 billion Bogota metro". www.theasset.com.
  8. ^ a b "Funding approved for Quito metro". Railway Gazette International. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
  9. ^ Briginshaw, David (11 April 2013). "Quito invites bids to equip first metro line". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
  10. ^ "La apertura del Metro de Quito se posterga para el 2022" [The opening of Quito Metro is postponed to 2022]. El Universo (in Spanish). 9 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Construction of Thessaloniki Metro". Attiko Metro SA. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 27 August 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  12. ^ "Τον Απρίλιο του 2023 έτοιμο το Μετρό Θεσσαλονίκης | Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ". www.kathimerini.gr.
  13. ^ a b "Bhopal, Indore metro: State government signs MoU". mint. 20 August 2019.
  14. ^ a b "Navi Mumbai Metro inches closer to reality". Hindustan Times. 7 September 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
  15. ^ "Pune Metro to operate at full steam in 2021, says Maha-Metro chief". hindustantimes.com/. 14 February 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
  16. ^ "نمی‌توان پیش‌بینی کرد متروی اهواز کی افتتاح می‌شود". ایسنا (in Persian). 25 June 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  17. ^ "باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان گزارش می‌دهد؛ قطار شهری کرج و رویای افتتاح/پروژه‌ای که 10 ساله شد و به ایستگاه پایانی نرسید". 28 June 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2016. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. ^ "Karaj Subway Closer to Launch". Financial Tribune. 26 December 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  19. ^ "پول باشد، قطار شهری کرمانشاه سال 1401 افتتاح می‌شود". 16 June 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Untitled Page". www7.irna.ir. Archived from the original on 3 June 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  21. ^ "Qom's mayor announced completion of 1st phase of metro by early next year". Qom news. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  22. ^ Binaté, Christian (28 April 2019). "Métro d'Abidjan ligne 1 - Mise en service prévue pour 2023 : voici la fiche technique".
  23. ^ "Lagos says blue, red rail lines will be ready by December 2022". Nairametrics. 25 February 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  24. ^ О компании [About Us] (in Russian). Челябметрострой. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
  25. ^ СМИ: метро в Челябинске достроят за 80 млрд рублей (in Russian). Komsomolskaya Pravda, Chelyabinsk. 24 January 2018.
  26. ^ a b "Groundbreaking ceremony launches construction of Riyadh metro". Railway Gazette International. DVV Media Group Ltd. 4 April 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  27. ^ "Riyadh Metro testing progresses with first lines on course to open in 2021". 10 December 2020.
  28. ^ a b "New Taipei Metro". Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  29. ^ a b "Honolulu Transit". Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  30. ^ a b "Ho Chi Minh City selects underground contractors". Railway Gazette International. 26 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 January 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  31. ^ Hosomi, Akira (20 April 2012). "Vietnam's first metro projects take shape". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  32. ^ "Completion of first HCMC metro line delayed again". VnExpress.

Sources[]

Bibliography[]

  • Vuchic, Vukan R. (2007). Urban Transit Systems and Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-75823-5.
  • Ovenden, Mark (2005). Metro Maps Of The World. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-288-7.
  • Hinkel, W.; Treiber, K.; Valenta, G.; Liebsch, H. (2004). Underground Railways Yesterday – Today – Tomorrow. Schmid Verlag. ISBN 3-900607-44-3.
  • Fischler, Stan (2000). Subways Of The World. MBI. ISBN 0-7603-0752-0.
  • Garbutt, Paul (1997). World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-191-0.

Online resources[]

External links[]

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