World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Mediterranean Sea 27 nautical miles (50 km) north west of Dragonera, Spain by SM U-34 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[1][2]
Norway
World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine placed by SM UC-1 (Imperial German Navy) and sank in the North Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) north east of Southwold, Suffolk, United Kingdom with the loss of three of her crew.[3]
World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea east of Algiers, Algeria by SM U-38 (Imperial German Navy).[6]
United Kingdom
World War I: The collier was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 18 nautical miles (33 km) east of , Algeria by SM U-38 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of two crew. Her captain was taken as a prisoner of war.[2][7][8]
United Kingdom
The cargo ship caught fire a Kilindini, Kenya and was scuttled.[9]
2 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 2 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Imperial Russian Navy
World War I: The transport ship was damaged in the Black Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) off Trabzon, Turkey by SM UB-45 (Imperial German Navy). She was towed to Trabzon and beached for use as a landing stage. Not repaired post-war.[10]
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) north east of Cap d'Antifer, Manche, France by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][18]
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Fécamp, Seine-Inférieure, France by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][22]
Villa de Oro
Italy
World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) off Zembra, Tunisia by SM U-38 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[23]
4 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 4 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Bydarky
United States
While anchored in Cook Inlet off Bluff Point Coal Mine on the south-central coast of the Territory of Alaska with a partial load of 90 tons of coal aboard, the 53-gross register ton coal barge dragged her anchors during a storm and was blown ashore and wrecked one nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) away from her anchorage.[24]
The Orfey-classdestroyer ran aground on the Westergund Bank, in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated the next day with the assistance of three tugs and taken in to Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland, where she was repaired.[27]
The cargo ship capsized whilst being loaded at Hull, Yorkshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.[30]
Imperial Russian Navy
The Orfey-classdestroyer ran aground off "Talscher Island", in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated with assistance from the destroyer (Imperial Russian Navy) and the tugsAtlas and Black Sea No. 2 (both Russia). She was towed in to Helsinki, where she was repaired.[27]
5 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 5 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Blue Jacket
United States
The barge sank in a storm off Black Rock Harbor Light.[31]
United Kingdom
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 18 nautical miles (33 km) south east of Barfleur, Manche, France by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[32]
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) north of Barfleur by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy).[34]
The barge sank in a storm off Black Rock Harbor Light. Later raised.[31]
United Kingdom
The schooner was driven ashore 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) west of Point of Ayre, Isle of Man and was wrecked. Her three crew were rescued.[30]
6 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 6 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Britannia
United Kingdom
World War I: The ketch was scuttled in the English Channel 12 nautical miles (22 km) north of Alderney, Channel Islands by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[36]
Royal Navy
The naval trawler was lost in the Mediterranean Sea on this date.[7]
Norway
World War I: The coaster was sunk in the North Sea east of the Noord Hinder Lightship (Netherlands) by SM UB-12 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[37]
World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the Mediterranean Sea 300 yards (270 m) off Oran, Algeria (36°00′N0°50′E / 36.000°N 0.833°E / 36.000; 0.833). Her crew survived.[42] The motor boats Allegro, Doreen and Griffin (all Royal Navy) were being carried as cargo and were also lost.[43]
World War I: The schooner was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) north of Ouessant, Finistère by SM UB-29 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived; they were rescued by (Royal Navy).[45]
Emma
France
World War I: The fishing vessel was scuttled in the English Channel 8 nautical miles (15 km) north of Sept-Îles, France by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[46]
Farfadet
France
World War I: The fishing vessel was sunk in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse, Finistère by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[47]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the English Channel 38 nautical miles (70 km) south south west of The Lizard, Cornwall by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][48]
Norway
World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the Mediterranean Sea off Oran. Her crew survived.[49]
Jeanne D'Arc
France
World War I: The fishing vessel was sunk in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[50]
Leonine
France
World War I: The fishing vessel was scuttled in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[51]
World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 50 nautical miles (93 km) north west of Ouessant (49°07′N5°55′W / 49.117°N 5.917°W / 49.117; -5.917) by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived; they were rescued by (Norway).[53]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea west of Sardinia, Italy by SM U-34 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[57]
Sweden
World War I: The cargo ship, en route from Barry to Algiers, was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 35 nautical miles (65 km) south west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom[58] by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[59]
France
World War I: The schooner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 28 nautical miles (52 km) west by north of Ouessant, Finistère by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy).[60]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 48 nautical miles (89 km) west south west of Cape Matapan (36°00′N21°55′E / 36.000°N 21.917°E / 36.000; 21.917) by SM UB-47 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][61]
Norway
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 25 nautical miles (46 km) south east of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[62]
World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 20 nautical miles (37 km) south west of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy).[65]
Greece
The coaster caught fire at Malta. She was towed out of port but sank 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) offshire.[66]
World War I: The fishing smack was scuttled in the English Channel 15 nautical miles (28 km) south south east of Start Point, Devon by SM UB-29 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[68][69]
Dorado
United Kingdom
World War I: The fishing smack was scuttled in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[70]
World War I: The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][72]
World War I: The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][76]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 13 nautical miles (24 km) north west of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[78]
Remora
France
World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south of the Wolf Rock by SM UB-23 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but were taken as prisoners of war.[79]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[81]
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the North Sea 9 nautical miles (17 km) north west of the (Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[83]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 28 nautical miles (52 km) north west of Ouessant, Finistère, France by SM UB-39 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[88]
World War I: The sloop was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) north west of Sept Îles, Côtes-du-Nord by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[95]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) north north east of the Île de Batz by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[98]
14 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 14 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Congress
United States
The passenger ship caught fire in the Pacific Ocean 30 miles (48 km) off Coos Bay, Oregon. The ship made it to Coos Bay where all 424 passengers and her crew were rescued by the dredge (United States Army) and (United States) and other vessels. She was then beached and burned out.[99][100][101]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel off the Casquets, Channel Islands by SM UB-18 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[103]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 17 nautical miles (31 km) south by west of , Calabria, Italy (37°55′N16°15′E / 37.917°N 16.250°E / 37.917; 16.250) by SM U-4 (Austro-Hungarian Navy) with the loss of six of her crew.[104]
World War I: The cargo ship, bound for Copenhagen, struck a mine in southern Øresund and sank. Nine casualties, three survivors[111]
15 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 15 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Sweden
The wooden schooner departed Mobile, Alabama, destined for Cardiff, Wales, and was not heard from again. No information is available on the cause of the disappearance. Nine casualties.[112]
World War I: The Brumaire-classsubmarine was bombed and sunk in the Adriatic Sea 10 nautical miles (19 km) off Cattaro, Austria-Hungary by two Austro-Hungarian Navy seaplanes. Survivors were rescued by an Austro-Hungarian Navy torpedo boat.[113]
Norway
The cargo ship collided with (Denmark) at Oporto, Portugal and was beached.[114]
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) east by north of Malta by SM UB-43 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of three of her crew.[116]
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 51 nautical miles (94 km) south east by east of Malta (35°31′N15°26′E / 35.517°N 15.433°E��� / 35.517; 15.433) by SM UB-43 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of four of her crew.[2][119]
18 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 18 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
United States
The schooner was driven ashore at San Juan, Puerto Rico and was a total loss.[120]
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Gulf of Finland off Keri, Estonia by SM U-19 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of a crew member.[2][128]
23 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 23 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Andromeda
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 39 nautical miles (72 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[129]
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[134]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Mediterranean Sea 26 nautical miles (48 km) east by south of Formentera, Spain by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but three of them were taken as prisoners of war.[2][135]
Cockatrice
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[136]
United Kingdom
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 41 nautical miles (76 km) south by east of the Nab Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UB-37 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][137]
United Kingdom
The schooner ran aground and sank at Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire.[138]
Germaine
Belgium
World War I: The lighter was sunk in the North Sea off the (Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (Imperial German Navy).[139]
Lichtevreden II
Belgium
World War I: The vessel was sunk in the North Sea off the (Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[140]
Maria da Jonge
Belgium
World War I: The barge was sunk in the North Sea off the (Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (Imperial German Navy).[141]
Marie
France
The sailing vessel collided with (United Kingdom) in the Irish Sea and sank. Her crew were rescued.[142]
Mercury
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 65 nautical miles (120 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[143]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the English Channel 41 nautical miles (76 km) south by east of the Nab Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UB-37 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][144]
Phoenix
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) east south east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[145]
Refino
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 39 nautical miles (72 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[146]
Rego
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[147]
Restless
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[148]
Rosalie
Belgium
World War I: The barge was sunk in the North Sea off the (Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (Imperial German Navy).[149]
Viella
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 38 nautical miles (70 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[150]
Weelsby
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM UC-16 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[151]
24 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 24 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Albatross
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) east of Flamborough Head, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][152]
Aphelion
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) east of Flamborough Head by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][153]
Briton
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 18 nautical miles (33 km) south east by south of Flamborough Head by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][154]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 8 nautical miles (15 km) off Dragonera by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[156]
Devonshire
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 33 nautical miles (61 km) north east of the Spurn Lightship (United Kingdom) by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][157]
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][159]
Italy
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 19 nautical miles (35 km) north of Dragonera by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy).[160]
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][162]
Otterhound
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][163]
Sunshine
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][164]
Tarantula
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][165]
World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea off the , Aberdeenshire by SM U-64 (Imperial German Navy). Her four crew survived but were taken as prisoners of war.[167]
Italy
World War I The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east of Barcelona, Spain by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[168]
Cynthia
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 23 nautical miles (43 km) east by south of Flamborough Head, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][169]
Fisher Prince
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][170]
Gamecock
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][171]
Harrier
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][172]
Loch Ness
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][173]
Nil Desperandum
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][174]
Quebec
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 16 nautical miles (30 km) east by north of Whitby, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][175]
Seal
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 33 nautical miles (61 km) east by south of Hartlepool, County Durham by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][176]
St. Hilda
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][177]
Trinidad
United Kingdom
World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[69][178]
26 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 26 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
American
France
The cargo ship caught fire and sank at Hong Kong.[179]
World War I: The naval yacht was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean north west of Fair Isle by SM U-52 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of seventeen crew.[182]
Norway
World War I: The coaster was sunk in the Barents Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) north east of Cape Nordkinn, Finnmark by SM U-43 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[183]
Italy
The cargo ship collided with (France) in the Mediterranean Sea and sank with some loss of life.[184]
Norway
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) off the , Finnmark by SM U-43 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[185]
The steamer was sunk when she struck a snag in the Ohio River just above Moscow, Ohio in heavy fog. Everyone on board was rescued by (United States).[125]
The auxiliary minesweeper was lost in the Mediterranean Sea on this date.[7]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the North Sea 24 nautical miles (44 km) east of Fair Isle by SM U-20 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][192]
27 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 27 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
United Kingdom
The schooner was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean 30 nautical miles (56 km) west of Miquelon.[193]
World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) north east by north of Dragonera, Spain by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[194]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) north north east of Dragonera by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[2][195]
United Kingdom
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) north east by east of Rattray Head, Aberdeenshire by SM U-44 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but two were taken as prisoners of war.[196]
SM UB-7
Imperial German Navy
World War I: The Type UB Isubmarine departed Varna, Bulgaria on patrol. Subsequently lost in the Black Sea with the loss of all fifteen crew.
World War I: The three-masted schooner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 75 nautical miles (139 km) west north west of Slyme Head, Shetland Islands, United Kingdom by SM UC-22 (Imperial German Navy).[199]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 10 nautical miles (19 km) off , Russia by SM U-43 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[203]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) off Kildin Island, Russia by SM U-46 (Imperial German Navy) with the loss of ten crew.[207]
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) off Cape San Antonio, Spain by SM U-35 (Imperial German Navy).[209]
Sweden
The cargo ship was run into by another vessel and sank in the English Channel off St Helen's, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom.[179]
30 September[]
List of shipwrecks: 30 September 1916
Ship
Country
Description
Norway
World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 6 nautical miles (11 km) south east of , Russia by SM U-43 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[210]
Norway
World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the Barents Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) north of the , Russia by SM U-46 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[211]
Norway
World War I: The coaster was sunk in the Barents Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Kilberg, by SM U-46 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[212]
World War I: The schooner was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 10 nautical miles (19 km) north north east of Cap de la Hague, Manche, France by SM UC-26 (Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived.[217]
^"American Marine Engineer July, 1917". National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association of the United States. Retrieved 10 October 2020 – via Haithi Trust.
^"Bay State". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
^"Beechwold". Uboat.net. Retrieved 23 November 2012.