List of wars involving Croatia

Seal of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia

The following is an incomplete list of wars fought by Croatia, by Croatian people or regular armies during periods when independent Croatian states existed, from the early Middle Ages to the present day.

The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:

Croatian victory

Croatian defeat

Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)

Early Croatian duchies (7th century–925)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
791	Charlemagne's expedition against the Avars	Francia Duchy of Pannonian Croatia	Avar Khaganate	Victory Pannonian Croatia becomes a Frankish Vassal
799	Frankish campaign against Avars and Slavs	Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Francia	Victory
819–822	Ljudevit Posavski's rebellion	Duchy of Pannonian Croatia	Francia Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Defeat of Pannonian Croatia
?–830	Narentine-Venetian war	Narentines	Republic of Venice	Peace agreement
839	Narentine-Venetian war	Narentines Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Republic of Venice	Peace agreement
840	Narentine-Venetian war	Narentines	Republic of Venice	Victory
846–848	Croatian-Byzantine War	Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Zadar under the Byzantine strategos	Victory
854	First Croatian-Bulgarian War	Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	First Bulgarian Empire	Peace agreement Croatia successfully repulsed Khan Boris I's invasion Trpimir I of Croatia and Khan Boris I exchange gifts after the war
871	Conquest of Bari	Holy Roman Empire Lombards Croatian fleet	Emirate of Bari	Victory
865	Croatian-Venetian War	Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Republic of Venice	Peace agreement
887	Narentine-Venetian War	Narentines Duchy of Dalmatian Croatia	Republic of Venice	Victory Doge Pietro I Candiano is killed

Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
c. 925	Hungarian Invasions of Croatia	Kingdom of Croatia	Hungarian tribes	Victory
925–931	Second Croatian-Bulgarian War	Kingdom of Croatia	First Bulgarian Empire	Victory
968–1018	Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria	Byzantine Empire Kievan Rus' (until 969) Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Duklja Kingdom of Croatia	First Bulgarian Empire Kievan Rus' (970–971) Pechenegs	Victory
997–1000	Third Croatian-Bulgarian War	Kingdom of Croatia	First Bulgarian Empire	Croatian defeat but Bulgarian withdrawal
c. 1040–1185	Byzantine–Norman wars	Kingdom of France Kingdom of Sicily Lombard duchies Papal States Serbs (Duklja and Raška) Kingdom of Croatia	Byzantine Empire Republic of Venice Holy Roman Empire	Victory
1091–1105		Kingdom of Croatia Allies of king Petar Svačić	Kingdom of Hungary Allies among Croatian nobles in Slavonia	Defeat Death of king Petar Svačić Croatia enters into a personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary

Croatia in personal union with Hungary (1102–1527)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1108	Hungarian war with the Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Bohemia	Victory
1108–1126	Hungarian-Bohemian wars	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Duchy of Bohemia	Peace agreement
1115–1119	Croatian-Venetian War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Republic of Venice	Defeat
1123	Stephen II's intervention in the Kievan Rus' internal conflict	Kingdom of Hungary Iaroslav Sviatopolkovich	Kievan Rus'	Hungarian withdrawal
1124–1125	Croatian-Venetian War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Republic of Venice	Defeat
1127–1129	Byzantine-Hungarian War	Kingdom of Hungary Grand Principality of Serbia	Byzantine Empire	Peace agreement
1132	Hungarian-Polish War	Kingdom of Hungary Margraviate of Austria	Kingdom of Poland	Victory
1136–1137	Béla II's Balkan campaigns against Venice and the Byzantine Empire	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Byzantine Empire Republic of Venice	Victory
1146	German-Hungarian War	Kingdom of Hungary	Duchy of Bavaria Margraviate of Austria	Victory
1149–1152	Géza II's intervention in the conflict between the Principality of Halych and Kievan Rus'	Kingdom of Hungary Kievan Rus'	Principality of Halych	Peace agreement
1148–1155	Hungarian-Byzantine wars	Kingdom of Hungary Grand Principality of Serbia	Byzantine Empire	Ceasefire
1162–1165	Hungarian civil war between Stephen III and his uncles Ladislaus and Stephen	Kingdom of Hungary Holy Roman Empire	Ladislaus and Stephen's army Byzantine Empire	Stephen III's victory
1180–1184	Hungarian-Byzantine war	Kingdom of Hungary	Byzantine Empire	Victory
1188–1189	Béla III's military campaign against Halych	Kingdom of Hungary	Principality of Halych	Victory
1197–1199	Civil war between Emeric king and his brother Andrew II	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Andrew II's army	Emeric's victory
1201–1205	Emeric's Balkan wars	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Second Bulgarian Empire Grand Principality of Serbia Kingdom of Bosnia	Croatian/Hungarian victories
1202–1204	Fourth Crusade	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Soldiers of the Fourth Crusade Republic of Venice	Defeat
1217–1218	Andrew II's participation in the Fifth crusade	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Archduchy of Austria Latin Empire	Ayyubids	Croatian/Hungarian withdrawal
1235–1241	Bosnian Crusade	Coloman of Galicia	Banate of Bosnia	Status quo ante bellum
1241–1242	First Mongol invasion of Hungary	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Mongols	Mongol withdrawal
1243	Venetian War for Zadar	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Republic of Venice	Defeat
1250–1278	Hungarian-Bohemian wars	Kingdom of Hungary Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Bohemia Duchy of Austria	Victory
1264–1265	Internal conflict between Béla IV and his son Stephen V	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Stephen V's army	Stephen V's victory Stephen V gets Eastern Hungary as a duchy
1268	Mačva War	Béla IV of Hungary	Kingdom of Serbia	Peace agreement
1272–1279	Feudal anarchy	Ladislaus IV king of Hungary Csák family	Kőszegi family Gutkeled family	Royal victory
1277	Stefan Dragutin-Stefan Uroš I conflict	Stefan Dragutin Kingdom of Hungary	Stefan Uroš I	Stefan Dragutin's victory
1277	Hungary's war with the Vlach ruler Litovoi	Kingdom of Hungary	Litovoi's army	Victory
1282	Cuman uprising	Kingdom of Hungary	Cumans	Victory
1285–1286	Second Mongol invasion of Hungary	Kingdom of Hungary	Golden Horde	Victory
1291	German-Hungarian War	Kingdom of Hungary	Holy Roman Empire	Victory
1292–1300	Andrew III's war with the Kőszegi family	Kingdom of Hungary	Kőszegi family	Andrew III's victory
1301–1308	, struggles for the country's throne	Charles of Anjou Kingdom of Croatia Duchy of Austria Máté Csák's army László Kán's army	Kingdom of Bohemia Duchy of Bavaria Kőszegi family	Victory Charles I becomes Croatian and Hungarian king
1310–1321	Charles I's wars for centralizing power against Croatian and Hungarian aristocracy	Kingdom of Hungary	Máté Csák Aba family Borsa family Apor family Kőszegi family	Royal victory Centralization of the Hungarian Kingdom
1322	Feudal and dynastic conflicts in Croatia	Coalition of Croatian noblemen and Dalmatian coastal towns with support of the royal forces of king Charles I Robert	Mladen II Šubić of Bribir and his allies	Defeat of Mladen II
1322–1337	Hungarian-Austrian War	Kingdom of Hungary	Duchy of Austria Holy Roman Empire Kőszegi family Babonić family	Status quo ante bellum
1321–1324	Hungarian-Serbian War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Bosnia Stephen Vladislav II of Syrmia	Kingdom of Serbia	Defeat
1330	Hungarian-Wallachian War	Kingdom of Hungary	Wallachia	Hungarian defeat at the battle of Posada
1347–1349 1350–1352	Neapolitan campaigns of Louis the Great	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Kingdom of Naples	First campaign: Croatian/Hungarian victory Second campaign: Status quo ante bellum
1345–1358	Croatian-Venetian War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia	Republic of Venice	Victory Treaty of Zadar
1345	Hungarian war with the Golden Horde for Moldavia	Kingdom of Hungary	Golden Horde	Victory Liberation of Moldavia under Mongol rule
1360–1369	Louis I's Balkan wars against Serbia, Bulgaria, Wallachia and Bosnia	Kingdom of Hungary	Serbian Empire Second Bulgarian Empire Kingdom of Bosnia Wallachia	Temporary Hungarian victories
1372–1381	War of Chioggia	Padua Kingdom of Hungary Republic of Genoa Duchy of Austria	Republic of Venice Milan Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Cyprus	Paduan military victory, practically status quo ante bellum
1384–1394	Civil war between a part of the Hungarian nobility and Mary, Queen of Hungary and Emperor Sigismund	Kingdom of Hungary	Horváti family Kingdom of Naples	Emperor Sigismund's victory
1366–1526	Ottoman–Hungarian wars	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Wallachia Moldavia Serbian Despotate	Ottoman Empire Moravian Serbia	Defeat Final defeat at the Battle of Mohács Hungarian Kingdom partitioned War continues between the Habsburgs and Ottomans
1411–1433	Croatian-Venetian War	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Duchy of Milan	Republic of Venice	Defeat Dalmatia becomes part of Venice
1419–1434	Hussite Wars	Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Hungary	Hussites	Victory
1428–1432		Kingdom of Hungary Wallachia Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Ottoman Empire	Ceasefire
1437–1442	Hungarian-Ottoman border conflicts, Ottoman raids in Southern Hungary and Transylvania	Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Victory
1440–1442	Civil war between Wladyslaw I and Ladislaus	Kingdom of Poland Hungarian nobles	Cillei family and other Hungarian nobles	Peace agreement Wladyslaw is accepted as Hungarian king
1443–1444	Long campaign	Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Hungarian withdrawal
1458–1459	Matthias I's war with Ján Jiskra	Kingdom of Hungary	Jiskra's soldiers	Royal victory
1458–1465	War in Bosnia	Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive A part of Bosnia is occupied by the Ottoman Empire
1471–1476	Matthias Corvinus' intervention in the Moldovian-Ottoman War	Kingdom of Hungary Moldavia	Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive After initial Hungarian and Moldavian victories, Hungary stopped supporting Moldavia Stephen III of Moldavia becomes a vassal of the Ottoman Empire
1480–1481	Ottoman invasion of Otranto	Kingdom of Naples Kingdom of Aragon Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Victory
1482–1488	Austrian-Hungarian War	Kingdom of Hungary	Holy Roman Empire	Victory
1490–1491	War of the Hungarian Succession	Kingdom of Bohemia	Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Poland (the two countries were not allies)	Inconclusive The Bohemian king, Wladislaus won over the Polish army and got the Hungarian throne Wladislaus is defeated by the Holy Roman Empire, which reconquered Vienna and the other parts of Austria
1492–1493	The Black Army's uprising	Kingdom of Hungary	Black Army	Victory Destruction of the Black Army
1514	Peasant revolt led by György Dózsa	Kingdom of Hungary	Peasant rebels	Revolt suppressed
1493–1593	Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War	Until 1526: Kingdom of Croatia Kingdom of Hungary From 1527: Habsburg Monarchy	Until 1526: Ottoman Empire From 1527: Ottoman Empire Eyalet of Bosnia	Inconclusive

Croatia within the Habsburg Monarchy (1527–1918)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1573	Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt	Croatian, Styrian and Carniolan nobility Uskoks	Croatian and Slovenian peasant rebels	Peasant defeat
1593–1606	Long Turkish War	Holy Roman Empire Habsburg Monarchy Saxony Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Transylvania Wallachia Moldavia Spain Zaporozhian Cossacks Serbian Hajduks Papal States Tuscany Knights of St. Stephen Duchy of Ferrara Duchy of Mantua Duchy of Savoy	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Nogai Horde	Inconclusive Peace of Zsitvatorok
1618–1648	Thirty Years' War	Croatian cavalry in the Catholic League	Swedish Empire	Peace of Westphalia Some sources claim that Swedish Emperor Gustavus Adolphus was killed by Croatian cavalrymen during the Battle of Lützen
1663–1664	Austro-Turkish War	Holy Roman Empire Electorate of Saxony Brandenburg-Prussia Habsburg Monarchy Electorate of Bavaria Piedmont-Savoy Kingdom of Croatia Kingdom of Hungary League of the Rhine: Baden-Baden Swabia Kingdom of France	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Moldavia Wallachia	Austria and allies military victory Ottoman commercial and diplomatic victory^[1] Peace of Vasvár
1683–1699	Great Turkish War	Holy Roman Empire Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Tsardom of Russia Cossack Hetmanate Kingdom of Croatia Kingdom of Hungary Republic of Venice Duchy of Mantua Spanish Empire Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro Serbian rebels Greek rebels Bulgarian rebels	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Moldavia Principality of Upper Hungary (until 1685) Wallachia Transylvania	Victory Treaty of Karlowitz
1716–1718	Austro-Turkish War	Habsburg Monarchy	Ottoman Empire	Victory Treaty of Passarowitz
1788–1791	Austro-Turkish War	Habsburg Monarchy	Ottoman Empire	Inconclusive Treaty of Sistova
1803–1815	Napoleonic Wars	Croats in the Imperial Austrian Army	French Republic (1792–1804) First French Empire (1804–1815) Various client states	Victory Congress of Vienna
1848–1849	Hungarian Revolution of 1848	Austrian Empire Kingdom of Croatia Serbian Vojvodina Serbian volunteers Pro-Habsburg Hungarians Slovak National Council Transylvanian Romanians Supreme Ruthenian Council Czech volunteers Bohemian and Moravian volunteers Transylvanian Saxons Russian Empire	Kingdom of Hungary Legions of the revolutionaries from German states Polish legions Italian legions Viennese legion Hungarian Germans Hungarian Slovenes Pro-Hungarian Slovaks Pro-Hungarian Romanians Rusyns Zipser Saxons Croats from Western Hungary and Muraköz Šokac and Bunjevac people Banat Bulgarians Hungarian Jews	Victory Surrender at Világos Josip Jelačić was instrumental in defeating the Hungarians
1866	Third Italian War of Independence	Austrian Empire Croatian sailors Principality of Liechtenstein	Kingdom of Italy	Military Victory, Diplomatic Defeat Austria cedes Venetia to France, and France than cedes it to Italy
1878	Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina	Austria-Hungary	Bosnia Vilayet Ottoman Empire (not openly)	Victory Occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1899–1901	Boxer Rebellion	Eight-Nation Alliance: United Kingdom Russia Japan France United States Germany Italy Austria-Hungary Croatian sailors	Boxers Qing dynasty	Victory
1914–1918	World War I	Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Croatia-Slavonia Germany Ottoman Empire Bulgaria	Allied Powers: Russia France British Empire Serbia Montenegro Belgium Japan Italy Portugal Romania United States Hejaz Greece Brazil Siam	Defeat

Kingdom of Yugoslavia, WWII and post-war Yugoslavia (1918–1991)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1919	Christmas Uprising	Montenegrin Whites Kingdom of Yugoslavia	Montenegrin Greens Kingdom of Italy	Victory The uprising was put down
1941	Axis Invasion of Yugoslavia	Kingdom of Yugoslavia	Germany Italy Hungary	Defeat Occupation of Yugoslavia Partition of parts of Yugoslavia between the Axis Creation of pro-Axis puppet regimes Axis establish the puppet state Independent State of Croatia
1941–1945	World War II in Yugoslavia	Allies: Soviet Union Yugoslav Partisans Poland Czechoslovakia (from 1943) Tuva (until 1944)^[2] Romania (from 1944) Bulgaria (from 1944) Finland (from 1944) Aerial role only: Free France (1943–1945) United Kingdom (1941) United States (1944)	Axis powers: Nazi Germany^[3] Romania (until 1944) Hungary Italy (until 1943) Bulgaria (until 1944) Axis puppet states: Slovak Republic Independent State of Croatia VNS Co-belligerents: Finland (until 1944)	Victory End of World War II in Europe (concurrently with the Western Front) Soviet Union occupies Eastern Europe and establishes pro-Soviet Communist governments in countries including Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and East Germany SR Croatia becomes a federal constituent of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia Beginning of the Cold War and the creation of the Iron Curtain The beginning of the Greek Civil War Borders of Poland adjusted

Republic of Croatia (1991–present)[]

Date	Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
1991–1995	Croatian War of Independence	Croatia	Republic of Serbian Krajina Republika Srpska Yugoslav People's Army	Victory Croatian forces regain control over most of RSK-held Croatian territory Croatian forces advance into Bosnia and Herzegovina which helps lead to the eventual end of the Bosnian War
1992–1995	Bosnian War	Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia Aerial role only: NATO (Operation Deliberate Force, 1995)	Republika Srpska Republic of Serbian Krajina AP Western Bosnia Supported by: FR Yugoslavia	Stalemate Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to the Dayton Accords Over 38,200 civilian casualties, mainly from the Bosnian Muslim ethnic group^[4]^[5] Almost 57,700 soldiers killed^[4]^[5] First case of genocide in Europe since World War II Deployment of NATO-led forces to oversee the peace agreement NATO successful bombing operations Establishment of the Office of the High Representative to oversee the civilian implementation of the peace agreement
1992–1994	Croat-Bosniak War	Croatia Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Inconclusive Washington Agreement Creation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2001–2021	War in Afghanistan	Croatia in the International Security Assistance Force Croatia during the Resolute Support Mission	ISAF phase (from 2001): Taliban Islamic Jihad Union Haqqani network (from 2002) al-Qaeda RS phase (from 2015): ISIL-KP Lashkar-e-Jhangvi Pakistani Taliban	Defeat Invasion of Afghanistan Fall of the Taliban government in Afghanistan Destruction of al-Qaeda camps Over two thirds of al-Qaeda's leadership demolished Occupation of Afghanistan Establishment of a new Afghan Government and Security Force Taliban insurgency Execution of Osama bin Laden Taliban victory, establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Islamic State–Taliban conflict

References[]

^ Ágoston, Gábor (2009). "Hungary". In Ágoston, Gábor; Bruce Masters (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. pp. 256–7.
^ Toomas Alatalu. Tuva: A State Reawakens. Soviet Studies, Vol. 44, No. 5 (1992), pp. 881–895.
^ Germany's allies, in total, provided a significant number of troops and material to the front. There were also numerous foreign units recruited by Germany, notably the Spanish Blue Division and the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism.
^ ^a ^b Calic, Marie–Janine (2012). "Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995". In Ingrao, Charles W.; Emmert, Thomas A. (eds.). Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars' Initiative. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-1-55753-617-4. Footnotes in source identify numbers as June 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Spolna i nacionalna struktura žrtava i ljudski gubitci vojnih formacija (1991–1996)". Prometej.

[1] Ágoston, Gábor (2009). "Hungary". In Ágoston, Gábor; Bruce Masters (eds.). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. pp. 256–7.

[2] Toomas Alatalu. Tuva: A State Reawakens. Soviet Studies, Vol. 44, No. 5 (1992), pp. 881–895.

[Axis-help-3] Germany's allies, in total, provided a significant number of troops and material to the front. There were also numerous foreign units recruited by Germany, notably the Spanish Blue Division and the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism.

[RDC_2012-4] Calic, Marie–Janine (2012). "Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995". In Ingrao, Charles W.; Emmert, Thomas A. (eds.). Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars' Initiative. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-1-55753-617-4. Footnotes in source identify numbers as June 2012.

[Prometej-5] "Spolna i nacionalna struktura žrtava i ljudski gubitci vojnih formacija (1991–1996)". Prometej.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

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