Mosjøen
Mosjøen
Mussere (Southern Sami) | |
|---|---|
 View of southern parts of Mosjøen | |
  Mosjøen Location of the town | |
| Coordinates: 65°50′13″N 13°11′29″E / 65.8370°N 13.1913°ECoordinates: 65°50′13″N 13°11′29″E / 65.8370°N 13.1913°E | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Northern Norway |
| County | Nordland |
| District | Helgeland |
| Municipality | Vefsn Municipality |
| Established | 1875 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6.36 km2 (2.46 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
| Population (2018)[1] | |
| • Total | 9,843 |
| • Density | 1,528/km2 (3,960/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | mosjøværing |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Post Code | 8651–8665 Mosjøen |
| Former Municipality: | Mosjøen |
| Municipality ID | NO-1802 |
| Created from | Vefsn in 1875 |
| Merged into | Vefsn in 1962 |
Mosjøen (Norwegian: [ˈmùːʂøːn] (
listen); Southern Sami: Mussere) is a town in Vefsn Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. Mosjøen is the oldest town in the Helgeland region, with only the town of Bodø being older within Nordland county. The town is also the administrative centre of Vefsn Municipality. The old village of Mosjøen was declared a ladested in 1875. It was also a town municipality (bykommune) from 1875 until 1961 when it was merged into Vefsn, losing its status as a town (ladested). It is also a former garrison town and customs place.[3] In 1998, the urban area of Mosjøen was declared to be a town once again. People from Mosjøen are referred to using the demonym "mosjøværing". The 6.36-square-kilometre (1,570-acre) town has a population (2018) of 9,834 and a population density of 1,528 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,960/sq mi).[1]
Together with the other regional towns of Mo i Rana and Narvik, Mosjøen is one of the industrial towns in Nordland county. Owned by Alcoa, is among the biggest in Europe, and is traditionally the town's cornerstone. Additionally, the town's business sector includes trade, crafts, banking, transportation, and tourism. The town attracts customers from the entire region.
Mosjøen is a transport hub in Helgeland. From Mosjøen, it is 71 kilometres (44 miles) to the town of Sandnessjøen in the west, 87 kilometres (54 miles) to the town of Mo i Rana in the north, and 160 kilometres (99 miles) to the town of Brønnøysund in the south. Furthermore, the road distance is 318 km (198 miles) to the town of Bodø and 393 km (244 miles) to the city of Trondheim. The European route E6 highway runs through the town. There are daily departures from Mosjøen Bus Central, from Mosjøen Railway Station on the Nordland Line, and from Mosjøen Airport south of the town. There are both public and private quays in Mosjøen. The town's harbour is among the largest in Northern Norway.[4]
In the aspect of secondary and adult education, Mosjøen exercises both local and regional functions. Offering general (including music), vocational, and agricultural lines, also receives students from rural municipalities surrounding the town and from other regions of Nordland. lies in Mosjøen, while is located north of it. The town has got a department of the . Many bigger events for children and youths take place in Mosjøen, among others Toppen International Summer Music School and The Kippermoen Cup.
Mosjøen is known for Sjøgata: Northern Norway's longest cluster of 19th-century wooden houses and piers. Other tourist attractions include Dolstad Church from 1735, the award-winning Town Park from 1905, and the aluminum plant.
Etymology[]
Historically located in the outskirts of a large and central farm called Mo, from which the town has got its name, Mosjøen means 'the sea(side) belonging to Mo'. In other words, it was a place where the Mo farmers had their boats and boatsheds. Descending from Old Norwegian mór, Mo translates as moorland. Earlier spellings are Mosøen in the 19th century and Moesøen in the 18th.
History[]
Mentioned in Aslak Bolt's cadastre of the 15th century, Mo is a medieval farm with a history at least dating to the Viking Age. Mosjøen's own history starts in the early modern period. Mosjøen was populated by 1600.[5] The earliest inhabitant known by name is Svein Beachdweller, who lived there together with his wife and daughters in 1660.[5] In the 17th and early 18th century, especially following the 1645 Treaty of Brömsebro, several inhabitants of Jemtland escaped to Trøndelag and to Nordland. Many of them came to Vefsn, including Mosjøen. In the 18th century, Mosjøen as a settlement for nonagrarian occupations started to materialise. For example, the regional executioner resided there temporarily. As did a handful of craftsmen and public officials.
From the late 16th century until the 1820s, Mo was possessed by the Mo family: wealthy farmers as well as skippers and merchants who contributed to Mosjøen's gradual expansion. In 1794, a member of the family received royal privilege to establish a trading post in Mosjøen.
In the 1860s, a group of Englishmen—the 'salmon lords'—established The North of Europe Land & Mining Company, introducing the first industrial period in Mosjøen. Sawmill industry created 'Klondike conditions': People came from everywhere in order to get a job, to trade, and so on, and salaries were relatively high.
On 4 April 1874, King Oscar II decided to grant ladested (town) status to Mosjøen effective on 1 January 1875. As a ladested, Mosjøen now had the privilege to export goods directly to foreign countries. As a new town, it had the right to self-government, so it was separated from Vefsn Municipality to become a separate municipality on 1 January 1876. Initially, the new town had 379 residents. In 1939, a small adjoining area of Vefsn was transferred into the town of Mosjøen.[6][3][4] The Cinema Museum in London holds excellent film of the area in 1931 in its collection (ref HMO321) [7]
As the biggest and most important, central town in the Helgeland region, Mosjøen became northern headquarters of the Nazi German occupiers between 1940 and 1945. After the war in 1945, Mosjøen entered its second industrial period. Among several industrial establishments was .
Mosjøen's coat of arms was granted by King Olav V on 25 March 1960. Composed by sculptor Arthur Gustavsson, it is blazoned Sable, a cock Argent. The cock is traditionally equipped with red beak, wattles, comb, and claws: the so-called colour of armament. The cock represents watchfulness and fighting spirit. After the merger with Vefsn in 1962, the coat of arms has been used by Vefsn Municipality.
During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1962, a major municipal merger took place. The town of Mosjøen (population: 4,628) was merged with the municipalities of Vefsn (population: 5,358), Drevja (population: 1,001), and Elsfjord (population: 920), creating a new municipality called Vefsn.[6][3] Upon merging, Mosjøen lost its status as a town.
In 1998, the municipal council of Vefsn declared Mosjøen to have the formal status as a town.
Government[]
Mosjøen was a municipality from 1875 until 1962, and during that time, it was self-governing as a municipality. All municipalities in Norway, including Mosjøen, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elects a mayor.[8]
Municipal council[]
The municipal council (Bystyre) of Mosjøen was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:
| Party Name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 19 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 4 | |
| Total number of members: | 29 | |
Industry and business[]
Mosjøen is one of the industrial towns in Nordland. Especially important is the Mosjøen Aluminum Plant, owned by Alcoa.
Mosjøen's business sector contains both traditional and modern companies as well as a wide spectre of branches, including trade, crafts, banking, transportation, and tourism. The town is a commercial centre in the region, attracting customers from smaller neighbouring towns and from rural municipalities.
Transportation[]
As a transport hub in Helgeland, Mosjøen connects to the towns of Sandnessjøen 71 kilometres (44 miles) to the west, Mo i Rana 87 kilometres (54 miles) to the north, and Brønnøysund 160 kilometres (99 miles) to the south by road. The European route E6 between Trondheim 393 kilometres (244 miles) to the south and the county capital Bodø 318 kilometres (198 miles) to the north runs through Mosjøen.
Mosjøen is also accessible by airplane, by train, and by ship. Mosjøen is served by Mosjøen Airport, Kjærstad, which is located five minutes by car south of the town. Mosjøen Station on the Nordland Line has daily departures for Trondheim in the south and for the Bodø in the north. A smaller commuter rail operates between Trofors and Mo i Rana.
Encompassing both private and public quays, Mosjøen's harbour is the biggest port in Northern Norway. has got its own port.
Tourism[]
The following are popular sightseeing spots:
- Sjøgata, a historic and picturesque street containing the largest concentration of 19th-century wooden buildings in Northern Norway.
- Fru Haugans Hotel, established in 1794 and today the oldest hotel in Northern Norway.
- Dolstad Church, established in 1735.
- The Town Park, established ca. 1900 and regarded as one of the finest public parks in Norway.
Geography[]
Topography[]
Mosjøen is situated in the lower part of the Vefsn Valley, where the Vefsna and rivers flow into the Vefsnfjord. Downtown Mosjøen lies on a flat moorland between these two rivers. Moreover, the town is surrounded by mountains and hills, which are mainly vegetated. Standing immediately west of the town, the 814-metre (2,671 ft) tall mountain dominates the town's landscape.
Climate[]
Mosjøen is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) south of the Arctic circle, and the town has an untypical wet and mild boreal climate (Köppen: Dfc), with winter as the wettest season. The town has mild summers and moderately cold winters, but is mild compared to other places on similar latitudes. Situated at the head of a relatively narrow fjord, Mosjøen is not as mild in winter as places on the outer seaboard, but has slightly warmer summers. On July 27, 2019, Mosjøen recorded a high of 35 °C (95 °F), the warmest temperature recorded in Nordland and Northern Norway.[16] Mosjøen receives a large amount of precipitation, particularly in autumn and early winter, and usually has substantial amounts of snow on the ground from early winter to April. Its temperatures are fairly similar to that of Anchorage, Alaska.The weather station is located at the airport, about 7 km further into the valley from Mosjøen. The town itself, located at the shores of the fjord, will have warmer lows than the airport. The record low is from January 2010. Mosjøen experiences midnight sun from June 16 to 26th due to atmospheric refraction, but has no polar night. [17]
| hideClimate data for Mosjøen Airport 1991-2020 (72 m, extremes 2002-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.3 (48.7) |
11.2 (52.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
29.7 (85.5) |
30 (86) |
35 (95) |
29.1 (84.4) |
25.3 (77.5) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.4 (54.3) |
9.7 (49.5) |
35 (95) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −2 (28) |
−2 (28) |
2 (36) |
7 (45) |
12 (54) |
16 (61) |
19 (66) |
18 (64) |
13 (55) |
7 (45) |
1 (34) |
−1 (30) |
8 (46) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
8.9 (48.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
3.9 (39.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −6 (21) |
−6 (21) |
−5 (23) |
−1 (30) |
3 (37) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
9 (48) |
6 (43) |
2 (36) |
−2 (28) |
−5 (23) |
1 (34) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −28.5 (−19.3) |
−26.3 (−15.3) |
−24.2 (−11.6) |
−13.4 (7.9) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−1 (30) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−13.4 (7.9) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−24 (−11) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 167.6 (6.60) |
132.1 (5.20) |
161 (6.3) |
91.8 (3.61) |
54 (2.1) |
64.2 (2.53) |
76.8 (3.02) |
89.2 (3.51) |
128.4 (5.06) |
140.1 (5.52) |
136.8 (5.39) |
150.5 (5.93) |
1,392.5 (54.77) |
| Source 1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[18] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weatheronline climate robot[19] | |||||||||||||
| hideClimate data for Mosjøen 1961-90 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −5 (23) |
−4 (25) |
0 (32) |
5 (41) |
10 (50) |
13 (55) |
18 (64) |
17 (63) |
12 (54) |
7 (45) |
−3 (27) |
−6 (21) |
5 (42) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
13.4 (56.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
3.6 (38.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −9 (16) |
−10 (14) |
−8 (18) |
0 (32) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
12 (54) |
10 (50) |
5 (41) |
2 (36) |
−7 (19) |
−10 (14) |
0 (32) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 186 (7.3) |
135 (5.3) |
150 (5.9) |
99 (3.9) |
79 (3.1) |
80 (3.1) |
100 (3.9) |
116 (4.6) |
191 (7.5) |
230 (9.1) |
181 (7.1) |
198 (7.8) |
1,745 (68.6) |
| Source: [20][21] | |||||||||||||
Friendship towns[]
| Town | Country | Start | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
 Lycksele
|
 Sweden
|
1965[22] | Old trade connections. Besides, Lycksele was first in Lapland to become a town.[23] |
 Gornji Milanovac
|
 Serbia
|
28 Sep 1975 | During WW2, at least 425 Serbian prisoners at Osen Camp, Vefsn, were killed.[23] |
 Volkhov
|
 Russia
|
16 Jun 1992 | Established in 1932, was Russia's first aluminum plant.[23] |
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Statistisk sentralbyrå (1 January 2018). "Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality".
- ^ "Mosjøen, Vefsn (Nordland)". yr.no. Retrieved 2019-02-17.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Thorsnæs, Geir, ed. (2014-11-27). "Mosjøen – tidligere kommune". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2019-02-17.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Thorsnæs, Geir, ed. (2016-02-01). "Mosjøen". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2019-02-17.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Jæger, Claes-Henrik: Mosjøen i Norges Bebyggelse : Fylkesbindet for Sør-Trøndelag, Nord-Trøndelag og Nordland fylker, p. 725–732. Norsk Yrkesforlag, 1954.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
- ^ "Cinema Museum Home Movie Database.xlsx". Google Docs. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
- ^ Hansen, Tore, ed. (2016-05-12). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1935. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
- ^ "Infoclimat Mosjøen".
- ^ "Sunrise and sunset times in Mosjøen". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2020-12-03.
- ^ "Weatheronline".
- ^ "Weatheronline climate robot 1996-2020 (average high and low)".
- ^ "Mosjøen average conditions - base period 10 last years". Storm Weather Center. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
- ^ "Normaler for Vefsn kommune (1961-1990)". Meterologisk institutt. Archived from the original on 4 April 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
- ^ Municipality of Lycksele: Our Twin Municipalities Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Municipality of Vefsn: Vennskapskommuner Archived 2017-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mosjøen. |
- Municipality of Vefsn
- mosjoen.com - local portal for Mosjøen and Vefsn
- Vefsn Slektshistorielag (Genealogy)
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- Vefsn
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