Palace Theatre (New York City)

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Palace Theatre
Palace Theatre 2017 SBM Marquis .jpg
The Spongebob Musical, 2017
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
Address1564 Broadway
New York City, New York
United States
Coordinates40°45′32″N 73°59′05″W / 40.758842°N 73.984728°W / 40.758842; -73.984728Coordinates: 40°45′32″N 73°59′05″W / 40.758842°N 73.984728°W / 40.758842; -73.984728
OwnerNederlander Organization and Stewart F. Lane
TypeBroadway
Capacity1,743[1]
Current useClosed for renovation until 2021
Construction
OpenedMarch 24, 1913
ArchitectKirchoff & Rose
Website
broadwaydirect.com/venue/palace-theatre

The Palace Theatre is a Broadway theatre located at 1564 Broadway (at West 47th Street) in midtown Manhattan, New York City. From 1913 through about 1929, the Palace attained legendary status among vaudeville performers as the flagship of the Keith–Albee organization, and the most desired booking in the country. With 1,610 seats (as of 2018)[2] spread over three levels, it is one of the largest theaters on Broadway, housing primarily large musicals and concert engagements. On September 16, 2018, following the run of SpongeBob SquarePants, the theater closed for an extensive renovation, and is expected to reopen in 2021.[3]

History[]

Vaudeville[]

Designed by Milwaukee architects Kirchoff & Rose, the 1,740-seat theatre was funded by Martin Beck, a vaudeville entrepreneur based in San Francisco, in an attempt to challenge Keith–Albee's east-coast monopoly. Albee in turn demanded that Beck turn over three-quarters ownership to use acts from the Keith circuit. Beck took the deal, and was in charge of the booking.

When the theatre finally opened on March 24, 1913, with headliner Ed Wynn, it was not an instant success and lost money for months.

Soon the Palace became the premiere venue of the Keith–Albee circuit. The theater owner Albee sometimes traded on the performers' desire for this goal by forcing acts to take a pay cut for the privilege.[4] Even so, to "play the Palace" meant that an entertainer had reached the pinnacle of his vaudeville career. Performer Jack Haley wrote:

Only a vaudevillian who has trod its stage can really tell you about it ... only a performer can describe the anxieties, the joys, the anticipation, and the exultation of a week's engagement at the Palace. The walk through the iron gate on 47th Street through the courtyard to the stage door, was the cum laude walk to a show business diploma. A feeling of ecstasy came with the knowledge that this was the Palace, the epitome of the more than 15,000 vaudeville theaters in America, and the realization that you have been selected to play it. Of all the thousands upon thousands of vaudeville performers in the business, you are there. This was a dream fulfilled; this was the pinnacle of Variety success.[5]

Vaudeville headliners[]

Simply to play the Palace assured an enhanced reputation and future bookings, but to play the coveted headline spot, usually billed seventh and next to the closing act, was a special distinction. Through the years of vaudeville's heyday, these headliners included:

  • Guido Deiro (1913)
  • Ed Wynn (1913)
  • Ethel Barrymore (1913)[6]
  • Nora Bayes (1914)[7]
  • Fritzi Scheff (1914)[4]
  • Nan Halperin (1915)[8]
  • Will Rogers (1916)[9]
  • Blossom Seeley (1917)[10]
  • Lillian Russell (1918)[11]
  • Leon Errol (1919)[12]
  • Marie Cahill (1919)[13]
  • Olga Petrova (1919)[14]
  • The "Dixie Duo" (Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake) (1919)[15]
  • Bert Williams (1919)[16]
  • Marie Dressler (1919)[17]
  • Aileen Stanley (1920, 1926, 1930, 1931)[18]
  • The Marx Brothers (1920)[19]
  • Lou Clayton and Cliff Edwards (1921)[20]
  • Bessie Clayton (1921)[6]
  • Fanny Brice (1923)[21]
  • Isabella Patricola ("Miss Patricola") (1923, 1926, 1927, 1938)[22]
  • Cecilia Loftus (1923)[23]
  • Trixie Friganza (1924)[24]
  • Florence Mills (1924)[25]
  • Cliff Edwards (1924)[26]
  • Doc Rockwell (1925)[27]
  • Weber and Fields (1925)[28]
  • Hamilton Sisters and Fordyce (the Three X Sisters) and Jerry and Her Baby Grands (1925 or 1926)[29]
  • Eva Tanguay (1926)[30]
  • Barto and Mann (1927, 1929)[31][32]
  • Ethel Waters (1927)[33]
  • Julian Eltinge (1927)[34]
  • the Duncan Sisters (1927)[35]
  • Clark and McCullough (1928)[36]
  • Clayton, Jackson & Durante (1928)[37]
  • Buck and Bubbles (1928, 1929)[38]
  • Harry Langdon (1929)[39]
  • Mary Hay and Clifton Webb (1929)[40]
  • Phil Baker (1930, 1931, 1932)[41]
  • George Jessel (1930)[11]
  • Adelaide Hall (1930, 1931, 1933)[42][43][44]

Other performers appearing at the Palace included Sarah Bernhardt, Al Jolson, Enrico Caruso, Helen Kane, Eddie Cantor, Bert Lahr, Frank Fay, Bob Hope, Sophie Tucker, George Jessel, Mae West, Ray Bolger, Vernon and Irene Castle, Gus Edwards, Eddie Leonard, Burns and Allen, Fred and Adele Astaire, Benny Fields and Blossom Seeley, Kate Smith, Bill Robinson, Ethel Merman, Bing Crosby, Wheeler and Woolsey, Rudolph Valentino, and Jack Benny.

Post-vaudeville[]

Publicity shot of RKO Palace marquee, still advertising "vaudeville", c. 1955

With the Great Depression came a rise in the popularity of film and radio, and vaudeville saw a steep decline. The transformation of all of Keith–Albee–Orpheum's vaudeville houses into movie houses through a merger with RCA and the Film Booking Office at the hands of Joseph P. Kennedy in 1929, was a major blow but did allow many to see their favorite radio performers of the day on the Palace stage.

In 1929, the two-a-day Palace shows increased to three. By 1932, the Palace moved to four shows a day and lowered its admission price. In November of that year, it was rebranded the "RKO Palace" and converted to a cinema. Appearing on the closing bill when the venue ended its stage policy were Nick Lucas and Hal Le Roy.[45] There was a brief return to a live revue format in 1936, when Broadway producer Nils Granlund staged a series of variety shows beginning with "Broadway Heat Wave" featuring female orchestra leader Rita Rio. Finally in 1957, the Palace, succumbed to the popularity of television and ceased stage presentations, with its films beginning with James Cagney's Man of a Thousand Faces.

Beginning in 1949 under Sol Schwartz, the refurbished RKO Palace tried to single-handedly revive vaudeville, with a slate of eight acts before a feature film. It attracted acts like Frank Sinatra, Jerry Lewis, Danny Kaye, Lauritz Melchior, Roy Acuff, Betty Hutton, and Harry Belafonte. Judy Garland staged a record-breaking 19-week comeback at the venue in October 1951. But while the shows were successful, they did not lead to a revival of the format. Garland returned for a successful run in 1956, and also a notable engagement in the summer of 1967, which was recorded for a live album, Judy Garland at Home at the Palace: Opening Night.

Film premieres[]

The RKO Picture Citizen Kane had its world premiere at the theatre on May 1, 1941 and The Diary of Anne Frank premiered March 18, 1959.[46][47]

The Palace Theatre, c. 1920

Broadway theatre[]

In 1965, the Nederlander Organization purchased the Palace from RKO Theatres.[48] On January 29, 1966, the Palace reopened as a playhouse with the original production of the musical Sweet Charity, although for a period of time it showed films and presented concert performances by Judy Garland, Bette Midler, Liza Minnelli, Josephine Baker, Eddie Fisher, Shirley MacLaine, Diana Ross and Vikki Carr between theatrical engagements.

In late 1987 the theatre closed and a towering hotel was built over the theater, supported by super-columns located on either side of the original auditorium and stage house, leaving it as an independent standing structure beneath the hi-rise. In conjunction with the hotel development, the theatre received a new lobby, box office and a complete top to bottom restoration and modernization; and on May 1, 1991 The Will Rogers Follies (1991 - 1993) re-opened a newly minted landmark.[49] The improvements had made the theatre more adaptable to the big new musicals of the day, like the next tenant - Disney's Beauty and the Beast (1994 - 1999).

Today the theater façade is almost entirely hidden behind a wall of enormous billboards. Only the marquee is visible. The interior was renovated again in early 2014 prior to the opening of Holler If Ya Hear Me.[50] In 2015, The Nederlander Organization and Maefield Development announced another $2 billion renovation plan which would include a new lobby and entrance on 47th Street as well as dressing rooms and other patron amenities. The theatre would be raised 29 feet (8.8 m) and the area occupied by the current lobby would be filled by retail space that would extend three additional levels below ground. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission approved the plan on November 24; however, many preservationists expressed concern over the idea.[51][52][53] The City Council approved the plan on June 28, 2018.[54]

The theatre was the original home to the long-running musicals La Cage aux Folles (1983−1987) and Beauty and the Beast, which ran over five years before moving to another theatre. Another notable tenant was Aida, which ran for over four years, from 2000 through 2004, and 1,852 performances and won four Tony Awards. The theatre also housed Legally Blonde: The Musical, a stage adaptation of the 2001 film, which played its final performance on October 19, 2008. A revival of West Side Story opened on March 19, 2009 and closed on January 2, 2011.

More recently, the theatre was home to the musical Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (2011–2012) and to the Broadway revival of Annie, (2012–2014).[55] An American in Paris, a new musical stage adaptation of the 1951 MGM film, opened April 12, 2015 for an 18-month run.[56] On November 25, 2016 The Illusionists: Turn of the Century opened for a limited engagement through January 1, 2017. The revival of Sunset Boulevard played a five-month limited engagement from February 2, 2017 through June 25, 2017, starring Glenn Close. The next show at the Palace was SpongeBob SquarePants, a musical adaptation of the children's television series. It began previews on November 6, 2017 and ran from December 4, 2017 to September 16, 2018. SpongeBob was the last show to play at the theater prior to the long-planned renovation.[57][58] The reconstruction is estimated to keep the Palace closed until 2021.[59] As part of the construction of TSX Broadway, a 600-foot (180 m) hotel and retail structure, the Palace Theatre would be raised 30 feet (9.1 m) using jacks.[60]

Ghost[]

The ghost of acrobat Louis Bossalina is said to haunt the theatre. According to various versions of the story, Bossalina "fell to his death in the 1950s" and that "Stagehands say that when the theater is empty, the ghost of Bossalina can be seen swinging from the rafters. He lets out a blood-curdling scream, then re-enacts his nose dive."[61] However, in reality Bossalina, who was a member of the acrobatic act the Four Casting Pearls, was injured, but not fatally, when he fell 18 feet during a performance on August 28, 1935, before 800 theatregoers. Bossalina's act was not a trapeze but rather fixed towers in which the acrobats are "cast from one to the other." Comedian Pat Henning started his act in front of a curtain that was pulled right after the accident.[62] Bossalina (who was incorrectly identified as "Borsalino" in the New York Times) died in 1963 in Reading, Pennsylvania at the age of 61.[63]

Notable productions[]

References[]

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  2. ^ "Playbill Vault- Spongebob Squarepants, The Broadway Musical- Grosses". Playbill Vault. Retrieved October 13, 2018.
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  5. ^ Trav S.D. (October 31, 2006). No Applause, Just Throw Money. Faber & Faber. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-86547-958-6.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Cullen, Frank; Hackman, Florence; McNeilly, Donald (2004). Vaudeville old & new: an encyclopedia of variety performances in America. 1. New York: Routledge. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-415-93853-2. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  7. ^ James, Edward T.; James, Janet Wilson, eds. (1971). Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press. pp. 116–117. ISBN 0-674-62734-2. Retrieved November 30, 2015. bayes.
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  30. ^ Laurie Jr., Joe (1953). Vaudeville From The Honky Tonks To The Palace. p. 493.
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  32. ^ "Vaudeville Charts on Past Performance". Zit's Theatrical Newspaper. March 16, 1929.
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  41. ^ Slide 2012, p. 21.
  42. ^ Gardner, Chappie (February 22, 1930). "White Press Acclaims Adelaide Hall As Packed House Gives Her Great Ovation". Pittsburgh Courier. p. 16. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
  43. ^ Williams, Iain Cameron (September 15, 2002). Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 389–396. ISBN 978-0-8264-5893-3. August 1930: Adelaide headlines with Bill 'Bojangles' Robinson; February, April, July & November 1931: Adelaide appears four times during her 1931/32 world tour with Noble Sissle; June 1933
  44. ^ Sampson, Henry T. (October 30, 2013). Blacks in Blackface: A Sourcebook on Early Black Musical Shows. Scarecrow Press. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-8108-8350-5. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  45. ^ Lamparski, Richard (September 28, 1982). Whatever Became Of ... ? Eighth Series. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 182–3. ISBN 978-0-517-54346-7.
  46. ^ Cameron, Kate (April 30, 2015). "'Citizen Kane' is superb: 1941 review". New York Daily News. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  47. ^ Crowther, Bosley (March 19, 1959). "An Eloquent 'Diary of Anne Frank'; Stevens Is Director of Film at Palace". The New York Times.
  48. ^ Zolotow, Sam (July 9, 1965). "A DETROIT FAMILY BUYS THE PALACE; Nederlanders to Convert It Into Legitimate Theater". The New York Times. p. 16. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  49. ^ Shepard, Richard F. (March 28, 1991). "Palace Theater Spruced Up, Ready to Light Up". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  50. ^ Gioia, Michael (April 23, 2014). "Broadway's Palace Theatre Given $200,000 Makeover for Holler If Ya Hear Me". Playbill. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  51. ^ Viagas, Robert (November 25, 2015). "Broadway's Palace Theatre Will Be Lifted by Four Floors to Make Room for Retail Space". Playbill. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  52. ^ Morris, Keiko; Smith, Jennifer (November 24, 2015). "New York City's Palace Theatre to Be Elevated in Hotel Project". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  53. ^ Bindelglass, Evan (November 25, 2015). "Palace Theater To Be Lifted 29 Feet For Expanded Facilities And Retail". New York Yimby. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  54. ^ "City Council approves plans for TSX Broadway redevelopment". The Real Deal New York. June 28, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  55. ^ Hetrick, Adam (January 5, 2014). "Broadway Revival of Annie Closes Jan. 5 at the Palace Theatre". Playbill. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  56. ^ Gans, Andrew (April 11, 2015). "Gershwin Musical An American in Paris Opens at Broadway's Palace". Playbill. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  57. ^ Rickwald, Bethany (November 25, 2016). "The Illusionists — Turn of the Century Begins Broadway Performances". TheaterMania.
  58. ^ Paulson, Michael (July 8, 2018). "'SpongeBob' Musical Will Close on Broadway and Plan for a Tour". The New York Times.
  59. ^ Warerkar, Tanay (June 29, 2018). "Times Square's Palace Theatre revamp gets City Council approval". Curbed New York. Retrieved October 14, 2018.
  60. ^ "Huge retail and hotel project moves forward in Times Square". Crain's New York Business. September 21, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  61. ^ Fagen, Cynthia R. (October 26, 2008). "Big Apple is Ghost Town, NY". New York Post. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  62. ^ "Acrobat Plunges to Palace Stage". The New York Times. August 28, 1935. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
  63. ^ "The Palace Theatre's Gang of Ghosts". Elise's Ghosts, Murders, and Mayhem. March 8, 2013. Retrieved October 14, 2018.

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