1993 in spaceflight

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1993 in spaceflight
HST STS-61 refurbishing.jpg
Astronauts Story Musgrave and Jeffrey Hoffman repair the Hubble Space Telescope during STS-61.
Orbital launches
First12 January
Last22 December
Total83
Successes77
Failures4
Partial failures2
National firsts
Satellite Portugal
Rockets
Maiden flightsAriane 4 42L
Atlas IIAS
PSLV
Start-1
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers47

The following is an outline of 1993 in spaceflight.

Launches[]

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January[]

12 January
11:10:17
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Tsikada) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
13 January
01:49
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya-1-85 MOM Molniya Communications 15 November 2005 Successful
13 January
13:59:30[1]
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour[2] United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-54 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 19 January
13:37:47
Successful
United StatesTDRS-6 (TDRS-F) NASA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
19 January
14:49:01
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Yantar-4K2-66) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 25 March Successful
24 January
05:58:05
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaSoyuz TM-16 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) 22 July Successful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
26 January
15:55:26
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2232 (Oko) MOM Molniya Missile defence In orbit Operational
27 January
10:43:41
CanadaBlack Brant XII United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Ionosphere In orbit Failure
Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi); Failed before reaching space
28 January United States United StatesWake Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States US Air Force Suborbital Reentry vehicle test 28 January Successful
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi)

February[]

3 February
02:55
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-88 (GPS IIA-9) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
5 February
16:24
United States United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United States US Air Force Suborbital BTTV-3 Validation 5 February Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi);
7 February IndiaPrithvi IndiaBalasore IndiaDRDO
India DRDO Suborbital Missile test 7 February Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
8 February
20:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Solar 8 February Successful
Apogee: 289 kilometres (180 mi)
9 February
02:56:56
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
9 February
14:30
United StatesPegasus United StatesKennedy Balls 8 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesOrbcomm CDS-1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
United StatesOrbcomm SCD-1 Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
11 February United StatesHPB United StatesWake Island United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States Orbital Sciences Suborbital Re-entry vehicle test 11 February Failure
Apogee: 2 kilometres (1.2 mi)
17 February
20:09:47
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
Russia (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Russia (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
Russia (GLONASS) MOM Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
18 February
07:00
JapanS-520 JapanKagoshima LA-K JapanISAS
JapanMETS ISAS Suborbital Ionosphere and Plasma 18 February Successful
Apogee: 272 kilometres (169 mi)
19 February
13:45
India IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
India ISRO Suborbital Ionosphere 19 February Successful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
19 February
13:15
IndiaRH-560 IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
India ISRO Suborbital Ionosphere 19 February Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
19 February
18:00
CanadaBlack Brant 9CM1 United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesSpace Services Incorporated
United States SSI Suborbital Microgravity 19 February Successful
Apogee: 301 kilometres (187 mi)
20 February
02:20
JapanMu-3S-II JapanKagoshima LA-M1 JapanISAS
JapanASCA (ASTRO-D) ISAS Low Earth Astronomy 2 March 2001 Successful
21 February
18:32:33
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-16 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 27 March Successful
25 February
13:40
RussiaRT-2PM Topol RussiaPlesetsk RussiaRVSN
Russia RVSN Suborbital Missile test 25 February Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
26 February
20:45
United StatesPolaris/ United StatesBarking Sands LC-42 United States
United States SDC Suborbital Test 26 February Successful
Maiden flight of UGM-27 Polaris in STARS configuration; Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)

March[]

2 March United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-02 United StatesUS Air Force
United States US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 2 March Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
8 March
00:15
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 8 March Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
10 March
13:38
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 10 March Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
10 March United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-151GB US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 10 March Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
16 March
02:12:41
CanadaBlack Brant 9CM1 United StatesWallops Island LA-2 United StatesSDIO
United StatesSPEAR 3 SDIO Suborbital Plasma 16 March Successful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
22 March BrazilSonda-2 BrazilAlcântara BrazilINPE
BrazilMaruda INPE Suborbital Ionosphere 22 March Successful
Apogee: 102 kilometres (63 mi)
25 March
02:28
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
Russia MOM Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
25 March
13:15:27
RussiaStart-1 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaRVSN
Russia MO RF Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
Maiden flight of Start-1
25 March
21:38
United StatesAtlas I United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United States
United StatesUHF-1 US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Launch failure
Booster engine failure left spacecraft in useless orbit
26 March
02:21
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
Russia (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth ELINT In orbit Operational
30 March
03:09
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-90 (GPS IIA-10) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
Decommissioned on 24 October 2005
30 March
12:00
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90 RussiaVKS
Russia () MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 10 December 1994 Successful
31 March
03:34:13
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-17 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 3 March 1994 Successful

April[]

1 April
18:57:26
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
2 April
10:09
CanadaBlack Brant XII United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United States NASA/UCB Suborbital Ionosphere 2 April Successful
Apogee: 1,425 kilometres (885 mi)
2 April
14:30:01
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
Russia (Yantar-4K2) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 7 June Successful
6 April
19:07:27
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2241 (Oko) MOM Molniya Missile defence In orbit Operational
8 April
05:29[1]
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery[3] United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-56 NASA Low Earth Solar astronomy 17 April
11:37:19
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Pallet ESA/NASA Low Earth (Discovery) Spacelab ATLAS-2
United StatesSPARTAN-201 NASA Low Earth (Discovery) Solar
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; SPARTAN deployed from Discovery on 11 April and retrieved on 13 April
12 April
17:18
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesNIXT NASA Suborbital Solar 12 April Successful
Apogee: 226 kilometres (140 mi)
16 April
07:49
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
Russia (Tselina) MO RF Low Earth ELINT In orbit Operational
17 April
09:15
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesSXT NASA/Colorado at Boulder Suborbital X-Ray astronomy 17 April Successful
Apogee: 254 kilometres (158 mi)
19 April
05:50
IndiaRH-560 IndiaSriharikota IndiaISRO
India ISRO Suborbital Ionosphere 19 April Successful
Apogee: 323 kilometres (201 mi)
21 April
00:23
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya 3-57L MOM Molniya Communications 25 January 2004 Successful
25 April
13:56
United StatesPegasus United StatesEdwards Balls 8 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesOrbcomm CDS-2 (VSUME) Orbcomm Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
United States STP Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
26 April
14:50[1]
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia[4] United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesGermanySTS-55 NASA/DLR Low Earth Microgravity 6 May
14:30
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 1 NASA/DLR Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab D2
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
27 April
10:35
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
Russia (Yantar-1KFT) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 6 May Spacecraft failure
Mission aborted after six days
28 April
03:39:20
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90 RussiaVKS
Russia (US-PM) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 18 March 1995 Successful

May[]

1 May
05:35
United KingdomSkylark 7 SwedenEsrange LA-S GermanyDLR
GermanyTEXUS 30 DLR Suborbital Microgravity 1 May Successful
Apogee: 234 kilometres (145 mi)
6 May
15:38
CanadaBlack Brant VIIIC United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Plasma 6 May Successful
Apogee: 271 kilometres (168 mi)
11 May
14:56:01
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
12 May
00:56:32
European UnionAriane 4 (42L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
LuxembourgAstra 1C SES Astra Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
European UnionArsene (Oscar-24) /AMSAT Medium Earth Communications In orbit Partial satellite failure
Maiden flight of Ariane 4 (42L); VHF transponder on Arsene failed during launch and UHF/S-band transponder failed on 6 September 1993, making satellite unusable
13 May
00:07
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-91 (GPS IIA-11) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
Decommissioned on 20 December 2007
14 May
01:10
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 14 May Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
19 May
00:47
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 19 May Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
21 May
09:15:01
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs F-17 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing 20 June Successful
22 May
06:41:47
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-18 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 4 July Successful
23 May
09:17
United States United StatesCape Canaveral LC-20 United StatesBMDO
United States BMDO Suborbital Target 23 May Successful
Apogee: 378 kilometres (235 mi)
26 May
03:23
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya 1–86 MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
26 May
09:43
United StatesNike-Orion FranceCentre d'Essais des Landes GermanyDLR
DLR/Aérospatiale Suborbital Test flight 26 May Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
27 May
01:22
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 28 RSCC Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 27 May Launch Failure
28 May
08:34
United StatesLCLV United StatesCape Canaveral LC-20 United StatesBMDO
United States BMDO Suborbital Target 28 May Successful
Apogee: 390 kilometres (240 mi)
29 May North KoreaHwaseong 6 North KoreaMusudan-ri North Korea
Suborbital Missile test 29 May Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
29 May North KoreaHwaseong 6 North KoreaMusudan-ri North Korea
Suborbital Missile test 29 May Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
29 May North KoreaRodong-1 North KoreaMusudan-ri North Korea
Suborbital Missile test 29 May Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi)
30 May North KoreaHwaseong 6 North KoreaMusudan-ri North Korea
Suborbital Missile test 30 May Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

June[]

15 June
17:30
United StatesLGM-30B Minuteman I United StatesVandenberg LF-03 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesRSLP TDT-1 US Air Force Suborbital Target 15 June Launch failure
Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi)
16 June
04:39
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 16 June Successful
Apogee: 253 kilometres (157 mi)
16 June
04:17
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2251 (Strela-2M) MO RF Low Earth Communications 10 February 2009 Successful
Collided with Iridium 33 after retirement.[5]
21 June
13:07:22[1]
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour[6] United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-57 NASA Low Earth Microgravity 1 July
12:52
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Endeavour) Scientific research
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts; Retrieved European Retrievable Carrier
22 June United StatesAries United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United States BMDO Suborbital Technology 22 June Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
24 June
04:12:41
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Russia (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
25 June
00:18
European UnionAriane 4 (42P) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United States Hughes Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
25 June
08:20
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs F-17 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing 12 July Successful
25 June
23:30
United StatesScout G-1 United StatesVandenberg SLC-5 United StatesNASA
United States () US Air Force/STP Low Earth (Polar) Radar calibration In orbit Successful
26 June
13:27
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-92 (GPS IIA-12) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
United States NASA Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
June IndiaPrithvi IndiaBalasore IndiaDRDO
India DRDO Suborbital Missile test L+1 hour Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)

July[]

1 July
14:32:58
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaSoyuz TM-17 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) 14 January 1994 Successful
Crewed orbital fight with three cosmonauts
2 July United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-09 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-152GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 2 July Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
7 July
07:15
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90 RussiaVKS
Russia (US-PM) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 8 June 1995 Successful
7 July United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Pennsylvania, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
United States US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
7 July United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Pennsylvania, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
United States US Navy Suborbital Missile test 7 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
14 July
03:19
United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-05 United StatesUS Air Force
United States US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 14 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
14 July
16:40
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Yantar-4K2) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 25 July Successful
19 July
22:04
United StatesAtlas II/ United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesUSA-93 (DSCS IIIB-9) US Air Force Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
22 July
08:25
CanadaBlack Brant X United StatesWallops Island United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Plasma 22 July Successful
Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)
22 July
08:45
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
Russia (Zenit-8) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 5 August Successful
22 July
22:58:55
European UnionAriane 4 (44L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
Spain Hispasat Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
India ISRO Geostationary Communications In orbit Successful
23 July
08:22
RussiaRT-2PM Topol RussiaPlesetsk RussiaRVSN
Russia RVSN Suborbital Missile test 23 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
27 July CanadaBlack Brant 9CM1 FranceCentre d'Essais des Landes LA-CE FranceMatra
FranceBLANC Matra Suborbital Photography 27 July Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
28 July
05:43
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 28 July Successful
Apogee: 116 kilometres (72 mi)
30 July
06:19
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 30 July Successful
Apogee: 116 kilometres (72 mi)

August[]

1 August
01:46
United StatesNike-Orion NorwayAndøya NDRE
SCT-06 NDRE Suborbital Aeronomy 1 August Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
2 August
00:37
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 2 August Successful
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi)
2 August
01:02
United StatesNike-Orion SwedenEsrange GermanySwedenDLR/SSC
Sweden SSC Suborbital Aeronomy 2 August Successful
Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi)
2 August
01:24
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 2 August Successful
Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi)
2 August
03:24
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 2 August Successful
Apogee: 106 kilometres (66 mi)
2 August
05:54
United StatesViper IIIA SwedenEsrange United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 2 August Successful
Apogee: 107 kilometres (66 mi)
2 August
19:59
United StatesTitan IVA (403) United StatesVandenberg SLC-4E United StatesUS Air Force
United States NRO Intended: Low Earth Communications T+101 seconds Launch Failure
United StatesNOSS-2-3A US Navy Intended: Low Earth ELINT
United StatesNOSS-2-3B US Navy Intended: Low Earth ELINT
United StatesNOSS-2-3C US Navy Intended: Low Earth ELINT
Apogee: 33 kilometres (21 mi). One of the UA1207 solid rocket boosters exploded at T+101 seconds. Failure was attributed to damage caused by the ground crew due to an errant cut into one of the SRB segments while repairing the booster.
4 August
00:52
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
Russia MOM Molniya Communications 31 December 2013 Successful
9 August
10:02
United StatesAtlas E United StatesVandenberg SLC-3W United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesNOAA-13 NOAA Sun-synchronous Weather In orbit Successful
10 August
14:53:45
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2261 (Oko) MOM Molniya Missile defence In orbit Operational
10 August
22:23:45
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-19 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 13 October Successful
17 August
18:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Solar 17 August Successful
Apogee: 312 kilometres (194 mi)
20 August
18:27
United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Nebraska, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
United States US Navy Suborbital Missile test 20 August Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
24 August
10:45
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaResurs F-19 MOM Low Earth Remote sensing 10 September Successful
25 August
10:00
United StatesPolaris/STARS United StatesBarking Sands LC-42 United StatesSpace Data Corporation
United StatesZodiac Beauchamp SDC Suborbital Target 25 August Successful
Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)
28 August
09:45
United StatesAries United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesSXT () NASA Suborbital X-Ray astronomy 28 August Launch Failure
Apogee: 8 kilometres (5.0 mi)
30 August
12:38
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-94 (GPS IIA-13) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
Decommissioned on 1 May 2013[7]
31 August
04:40
UkraineTsyklon-3 RussiaPlesetsk RussiaVKS
RussiaMeteor 2–21 Roskosmos Low Earth Weather In orbit Successful
Italy Telespazio Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
31 August United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-26 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesGT-153GB US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 31 August Successful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)

September[]

3 September
11:17
United StatesAtlas I United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesUSA-95 (UHF-2) US Navy Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
7 September
13:25
RussiaSoyuz-U2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaVKS
Russia () MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 18 December Successful
10 September
16:00
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 10 September Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
12 September
11:45
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-51 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 22 September
07:56
Successful
United StatesGermany NASA/DARA Low Earth (Discovery) Astronomy
United StatesACTS NASA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; ACTS deployed using Transfer Orbit Stage and retired on 28 April 2004
13 September
18:00
United StatesNike-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 13 September Successful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
15 September United StatesLGM-118 Peacekeeper United StatesVandenberg LF-02 United StatesUS Air Force
United States US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 15 September Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
16 September
07:36:19
UkraineZenit-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 45/1 RussiaVKS
Russia (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth ELINT In orbit Successful
16 September
23:00
Japan JapanTanegashima LA-T JapanNASDA
Japan NASDA Suborbital Microgravity 16 September Successful
Apogee: 264 kilometres (164 mi)
17 September
00:43:10
UkraineTsyklon-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 90 RussiaVKS
Russia (US-PM) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 7 August 1995 Successful
20 September
05:12
IndiaPSLV IndiaSriharikota FLP IndiaISRO
IndiaIRS 1E ISRO Intended: Low Earth Remote sensing 20 September Launch Failure
Maiden flight of PSLV; failed to reach orbit due to guidance system malfunction
26 September
01:45
European UnionAriane 4 (40) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
FranceSPOT 3 Spot Image Sun-synchronous Remote sensing In orbit Successful
FranceStella CNES Low Earth Gravity In orbit Successful
Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
South KoreaKitsat-2 KAIST Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
Italy /AMSAT Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
Italy Interferometrics/AMSAT Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
PortugalPoSAT-1 Low Earth Technology In orbit Successful
SPOT 3 ceased functioning on 14 November 1997; PoSAT-1 is the first Portuguese satellite
30 September
17:05:59
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
Russia MOM Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational

October[]

4 October
17:45
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesNASA
United StatesCU-4 NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 4 October Successful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
4 October
19:35
United States United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States NASA Suborbital Plasma 4 October Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
5 October
17:56
United StatesTitan 23G/ United StatesVandenberg SLC-4W United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesLandsat 6 NASA Intended: Low Earth Remote sensing 5 October Launch Failure
Upper stage failed to ignite; Apogee: 724 kilometres (450 mi)
8 October
08:00
ChinaLong March 2C ChinaJiuquan LA-2B ChinaCALT
ChinaFSW 1–5 CASC Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 October Successful
8 October United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-4 (PAC-2) US Air Force Suborbital Target 8 October Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
11 October
21:33:19
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
RussiaProgress M-20 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 21 November Successful
18 October
14:53:10
United StatesSpace Shuttle Columbia United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-58 NASA Low Earth Microgravity 1 November Successful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 2 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab SLS-2
United StatesEDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
21 October
01:46
SpainINTA-300B SpainEl Arenosillo SpainINTA
Spain (FEIROH) INTA Suborbital Aeronomy 21 October Successful
Apogee: 154 kilometres (96 mi)
22 October
06:46
European UnionAriane 4 (44LP) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 701 Intelsat Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
26 October
10:00:04
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
Russia () MO RF Low Earth Radar calibration 11 August 2003 Successful
26 October United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-5 (ERINT) US Air Force Suborbital Target 26 October Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
28 October
15:17
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 28 MOM Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
28 October
17:04
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17B United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-96 (GPS IIA-14) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational

November[]

2 November
12:10:09
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
Russia (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
3 November FranceS3 FranceCentre d'Essais des Landes France
France Suborbital Missile test 3 November Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 November
07:07
United KingdomSkylark 7 SwedenEsrange LA-S SwedenSSC
Sweden SSC Suborbital Microgravity 4 November Successful
Apogee: 243 kilometres (151 mi)
5 November
08:25
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaVKS
Russia (Yantar-4KS1M) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 December 1994 Successful
17 November BrazilSonda-2 BrazilNatal BrazilINPE
Brazil INPE Suborbital Ionosphere 17 November Successful
Apogee: 555 kilometres (345 mi)
18 November
13:54:59
RussiaProton-K/DM-2 KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23 RussiaVKS
RussiaGorizont 29 MOM Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
Sold to as , then to as , then to as
18 November United StatesUGM-133 Trident II United StatesUSS Nebraska, Eastern Range United StatesUS Navy
United States US Navy Suborbital Missile test 18 November Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
20 November
01:17
European UnionAriane 4 (44LP) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
Mexico Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
European UnionMeteosat 6 EUMETSAT Geostationary Weather In orbit Operational
26 November
11:00
United KingdomSkylark 7 SwedenEsrange LA-S GermanyDLR
GermanyTEXUS 31 DLR Suborbital Microgravity 26 November Successful
Apogee: 257 kilometres (160 mi)
28 November
23:40
United StatesAtlas II United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36A United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesUSA-97 (DSCS IIIB-10) US Air Force Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
29 November
09:30
United States SwedenEsrange GermanyDLR
GermanyMINI-TEXUS 1 DLR Suborbital Microgravity 29 November Successful
Apogee: 146 kilometres (91 mi)
30 November United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands LC-36 United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesBTTV-6 (ERINT/GTF-2) US Air Force Suborbital Target 30 November Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

December[]

2 December
09:27
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39B United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-61 NASA Low Earth (HST) Satellite refurbishment (HST-SM1) 13 December Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
8 December
00:48
United StatesDelta II (7925) United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17A United StatesMcDonnell Douglas
United StatesUSA-98 () NATO/US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
16 December
00:38
United StatesAtlas IIAS United StatesCape Canaveral LC-36B United StatesGeneral Dynamics
United StatesTelstar 401 AT&T Geostationary Communications In orbit Successful
Maiden flight of Atlas IIAS; Telstar 401 destroyed by a magnetic storm in 1997
17 December United StatesStorm United StatesWhite Sands SULF United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesMTTV-1 (ERINT) US Air Force Suborbital Target 17 December Successful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
18 December
01:27
European UnionAriane 4 (44L) FranceKourou ELA-2 FranceArianespace
United States Hughes Geostationary Communications In orbit Operational
ThailandThaicom 1 Shin Corporation Geostationary Communications In orbit Successful
22 December
20:37:16
RussiaMolniya-M RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/3 RussiaVKS
RussiaMolniya 1–87 MOM Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
December RussiaVolna[citation needed] RussiaSubmarine RussiaRussian Navy
Russia Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test L+1 hour Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
December Russia[citation needed] RussiaSubmarine, Pacific Ocean RussiaRussian Navy
Russia RVSN Suborbital Technology L+1 hour Successful
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi)

Deep Space Rendezvous[]

Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
10 April Hiten Crashed intentionally on the Moon
22 August Mars Observer Lost contact prior to orbit insertion
28 August Galileo Flyby of 243 Ida Closest approach: 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi)

EVAs[]

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
17 January 4 hours
28 minutes
STS-54
Endeavour
United StatesGregory J. Harbaugh
United StatesMario Runco, Jr.
Tested space station construction techniques and mobility techniques.[8]
19 April
17:15
5 hours
25 minutes
22:40 Mir EO-13
Kvant-2
RussiaGennadi Manakov
RussiaAleksandr Poleshchuk
Used the Strela boom to install an electric motor on the Kvant-1 module for solar arrays originally installed on the Kristall module. After the installation, Poleshchuk noticed that one of the handles on the Strela boom had become loose and drifted away from Mir. The loss of the Strela handle meant the next EVA would have to be delayed until a new handle could be lifted to orbit the next Progress supply launch.
18 June
17:25
4 hours
33 minutes
21:58 Mir EO-13
Kvant-2
RussiaGennadi Manakov
RussiaAleksandr Poleschuk
After receiving the replacement part, Manakov and Poleshchuk first repaired the Strela boom and then installed the second electric drive for the solar array.
25 June 5 hours
50 minutes
STS-57
Endeavour
United StatesG. David Low
United StatesPeter Wisoff
Helped secure the antenna on the captured EURECA satellite in its stored position for return to earth. Then both spacewalkers practiced construction maneuvers on the RMS.[9]
16 September
05:57
4 hours
18 minutes
10:16 Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
RussiaAleksandr Serebrov
Began assembly of the experimental Rapana truss structure.
16 September
08:40
7 hours
5 minutes
15:45 STS-51
Discovery
United StatesJames H. Newman
United StatesCarl E. Walz
Carried out tests on tools, tethers, and a foot restraint system in anticipation of the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. A stuck tool chest lid slowed the closeout of spacewalk for at least 45 minutes.[10]
20 September
03:51
3 hours
13 minutes
07:05 Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
RussiaAleksandr Serebrov
Completed assembly of the Rapana truss.
28 September
00:57
1 hour
52 minutes
02:48 Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
RussiaAleksandr Serebrov
Inspected the Mir exterior for damage from the recent Perseid meteoroid shower. The most notable damage they found was a 5-millimetre (0.20 in) hole on one of the solar arrays.
22 October
15:47
38 minutes 16:25 Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
RussiaAleksandr Serebrov
Continued their inspection of the Mir exterior for damage from the Perseids.
29 October
13:38
4 hours
12 minutes
17:50 Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
RussiaAleksandr Serebrov
Completed their inspection of the entire outer surface of the Mir. They observed several marks on the hull, there were no complete penetrations. The spacewalking team did notice an unidentified piece of metal drifting by the orbital complex during their inspections.
5 December
03:44
7 hours
54 minutes
11:38 STS-61
Endeavour
United StatesStory Musgrave
United StatesJeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced two sets of gryoscopes and electrical control units, as well as a set of eight fuses. The spacewalks had considerable difficulty closing the latches on the doors due to thermal expansion of the closure bolts. Before re-entering the shuttle, the team prepared the payload bay for the next EVA.[11]
6 December
03:29
6 hours
36 minutes
10:05 STS-61
Endeavour
United StatesKathryn C. Thornton
United StatesThomas Akers
HST servicing: Thorton rode the RMS to handle the solar arrays while Akers made the cable connections as the team replaced two solar arrays on Hubble. One array was discarded into space, and one array was furled and stowed for return to earth.[11]
7 December
03:35
6 hours
47 minutes
10:22 STS-61
Endeavour
United StatesStory Musgrave
United StatesJeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced the WFPC with WFPC 2 and two magnetometers.[11]
8 December
03:13
7 hours
21 minutes
10:03 STS-61
Endeavour
United StatesKathryn C. Thornton
United StatesThomas Akers
HST servicing: Replaced Hubble's High Speed Photometer (HSP) with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR). This replacement fixed the spherical aberration in Hubble's mirror. The HSP was stowed for return to earth.[11]
9 December
03:30
7 hours
21 minutes
10:51 STS-61
Endeavour
United StatesStory Musgrave
United StatesJeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced the electronics for the solar array drive motors. They also placed some made-on-Endeavour covers over the new magnetometers to protect them from debris.[11]

References[]

Generic references:
RocketSunIcon.svg Spaceflight portal
  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

Footnotes[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Launch Log". Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  2. ^ NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-54". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  3. ^ NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-56". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  4. ^ NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-55". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  5. ^ Iannotta, Becky (11 February 2009). "U.S. Satellite Destroyed in Space Collision". Space.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
  6. ^ NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-57". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 12 May 2008.
  7. ^ "NOTICE ADVISORY TO NAVSTAR USERS (NANU) 2013027". United States Coast Guard. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  8. ^ "Space Shuttle Flight 53 (STS-54)". NASA. 2008. Archived from the original on 27 November 2008. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
  9. ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-57 (56)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2009.
  10. ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-51 (57)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2009.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-61 (59)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2009.


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