1996 in spaceflight
![]() The first Long March 3B, carrying Intelsat 708, goes off-course immediately after launch. The rocket later came down over a village, reportedly killing several to hundred on the ground | |
Orbital launches | |
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First | 11 January |
Last | 24 December |
Total | 77 |
Successes | 69 |
Failures | 4 |
Partial failures | 4 |
Catalogued | 73 |
National firsts | |
Satellite | ![]() |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | Ariane 5G J-I Long March 3B |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 9 |
Total travellers | 49 |
This article outlines notable events occurring in 1996 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.
Launches[]
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
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Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January[] | |||||||
10 January | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile test | 10 January | Successful | ||||
11 January 09:41 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Satellite retrieval | 20 January 07:41 |
Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth | Technology development | ||||
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts Retrieved Space Flyer Unit | |||||||
12 January 23:10 |
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PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Binariang | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
Measat-1 is the first Malaysian satellite | |||||||
14 January 11:10 |
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Korea Telecom | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
Koreasat-2 retired on 8 April 2000 | |||||||
16 January 15:33 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
25 January 09:56 |
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MOM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
27 January | ![]() |
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DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 January | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of Prithvi II missile | |||||||
February[] | |||||||
1 February 01:15 |
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Telkom Indonesia | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
5 February 07:19 |
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NTT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
11 February 23:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Aeronomy research | 11 February | Successful | ||
11 February 23:00 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Test flight | 11 February | Successful | ||
Only flight of J-I | |||||||
14 February 19:01 |
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Intelsat | Intended: Geosynchronous | Communications | +22 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
Maiden flight of Long March 3B Loss of control at T+2 seconds, exploded 20 seconds later; Six to hundred fatalities on the ground | |||||||
17 February 20:43 |
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NASA | Erosian via Heliocentric |
Asteroid probe | 12 February 2001 20:01 |
Successful | ||
Flyby of 253 Mathilde, entered orbit around and landed on 433 Eros; First probe to orbit and land on an asteroid Final contact received on 28 February 2001, and unsuccessfully attempted on 10 December 2002 | |||||||
19 February 00:58 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Roskosmos | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Roskosmos | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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MO RF | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
19 February 08:19 |
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MOM | Intended: Geosynchronous Actual: Geosynchronous transfer |
Communications | In orbit | Launch Failure | ||
Upper stage failed to ignite for second burn due to blocked valve | |||||||
21 February 12:34 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-21 | 2 September 07:41 |
Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts | |||||||
22 February 20:18 |
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NASA | Low Earth | USMP-3 | 9 March 13:58 |
Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth | Tether satellite | 19 March | Failure | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | 9 March 13:58 |
Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts TSS-1R tether snapped during deployment; Intended to be returned to Earth by Columbia, but could not be recovered | |||||||
23 February 19:17 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Technology development | 23 February | Successful | |||
23 February 19:44 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ionosphere research | 23 February | Successful | |||
24 February 11:24 |
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NASA | High Earth (elliptical) | Auroral research | In orbit | Successful | ||
Mission concluded in April 2008 | |||||||
March[] | |||||||
2 March 10:00 |
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DASA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 2 March | Successful | ||
6 March 03:35 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 6 March | Successful | |||
6 March 20:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 March | Successful | ||
9 March 01:53 |
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US Air Force | Low Earth | Ionosphere research | In orbit | Operational | ||
14 March 07:11 |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
14 March 17:40 |
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MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 June | Successful | ||
21 March 04:53 |
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ISRO | Sun-synchronous | Remote sensing | In orbit | Successful | ||
22 March | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 22 March | Successful | |||
22 March | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Test | 22 March | Successful | |||
22 March 08:13 |
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NASA | Low Earth (Mir) | Shuttle-Mir flight | 31 March 13:28 |
Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Logistics | ||||
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts | |||||||
28 March 00:21 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
April[] | |||||||
3 April 15:59 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy and microgravity research | 3 April | Successful | |||
3 April 23:01 |
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Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
8 April 23:09 |
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SES Astra | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
17 April 07:00 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 17 April | Successful | |||
20 April 22:36 |
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Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
21 April | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 April | Successful | |||
21 April | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 21 April | Successful | |||
21 April 11:48 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir module | 23 March 2001 05:50 |
Successful | ||
24 April 12:27 |
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BMDO | Sun-synchronous | Infrared astronomy | In orbit | Successful | ||
Member of the Space Surveillance Network | |||||||
24 April 13:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Radar calibration | 28 January 2005 | Successful | ||
24 April 23:37 |
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NRO | Geosynchronous | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
30 April 04:31 |
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ASI | Low Earth | X-ray astronomy | 30 April 2003 | Successful | ||
May[] | |||||||
3 May 04:16 |
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SSC | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 3 May | Successful | ||
5 May 07:04 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 1 August 20:33 |
Successful | ||
8 May 08:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 8 May | Successful | |||
12 May 21:32 |
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NRO | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NRO | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NRO | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NRO | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NRL | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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NRL | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
14 May 08:55 |
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VKS | Intended: Low Earth | Reconnaissance | + 49 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
Payload fairing disintegrated | |||||||
16 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 May | Successful | |||
16 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 May | Successful | |||
16 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 May | Successful | |||
16 May | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 May | Successful | |||
16 May 01:56 |
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Telkom Indonesia | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Spacecom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
17 May 02:44 |
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BMDO | Low Earth | Technology development | 11 December 1997 | Successful | ||
19 May 10:30 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 29 May 11:10 |
Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Endeavour) | Scientific experiments | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 22 May | Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 26 October | Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts SPARTAN used to deploy the IAE satellite on 20 May; PAMS deployed on 22 May | |||||||
24 May 01:09 |
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PanAmSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
25 May 02:05 |
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MOM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
30 May 08:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 30 May | Successful | |||
June[] | |||||||
4 June 05:06 |
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NASA | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy | 4 June | Successful | ||
4 June 12:34 |
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ESA | Intended: High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetosphere research | +37 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
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ESA | Intended: High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetosphere research | ||||
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ESA | Intended: High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetosphere research | ||||
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ESA | Intended: High Earth (elliptical) | Magnetosphere research | ||||
Maiden flight of Ariane 5G; Ariane 5 Flight 501 Programming error led to rocket going off course | |||||||
6 June | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 June | Successful | |||
6 June | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 June | Successful | |||
15 June 06:55 |
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Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
17 June 05:50 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Radio astronomy | 17 June | Successful | |||
20 June 14:40 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 20 June | Successful | |||
20 June 14:49 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 7 July 12:36 |
Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Spacelab LMS-1 | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts | |||||||
20 June 18:45 |
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VKS | Intended: Low Earth | Reconnaissance | +50 seconds | Launch Failure | ||
Payload fairing disintegrated | |||||||
26 June 12:17 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 June | Successful | |||
26 June 14:59 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 June | Successful | |||
26 June 19:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar observation | 26 June | Successful | |||
28 June | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 June | Successful | |||
28 June | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 June | Successful | |||
28 June | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 June | Successful | |||
July[] | |||||||
2 July 07:48 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Ozone mapping | In orbit | Operational | ||
3 July 00:31 |
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Lockheed Martin | ||||
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US Air Force | High Earth (elliptical) | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
3 July 10:47 |
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Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
9 July | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Tracking demonstration | 9 July | Successful | |||
9 July 22:24 |
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Arabsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Türksat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
14 July 07:15 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Ultraviolet astronomy | 14 July | Successful | ||
15 July | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 July | Successful | |||
15 July | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 July | Successful | |||
15 July 11:28 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM Target | 15 July | Successful | |||
15 July 11:31 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM test | 15 July | Successful | |||
15 July 18:21 |
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Orbital Sciences | Suborbital | Re-entry test | 15 July | Successful | |||
16 July 00:50 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
19 July | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 July | Successful | |||
19 July | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 19 July | Successful | |||
25 July | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 25 July | Successful | |||
25 July 12:42 |
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US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
26 July 09:40 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 26 July | Successful | |||
31 July 20:00 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 20 November 22:42 |
Successful | ||
August[] | |||||||
8 August 22:49 |
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ASI | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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France Télécom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
12 August 18:58 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 12 August | Successful | |||
14 August 22:20 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | 7 April 2012 | Successful | ||
17 August 01:58 |
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NASDA | Low Earth | Atmospheric research | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
17 August 13:18 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-22 | 2 March 1997 06:44 |
Successful | ||
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
18 August 10:27 |
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Chinasat | Intended: Geosynchronous Actual: High Earth (elliptical) |
Communications | In orbit | Launch Failure | ||
Third stage failure left satellite in useless orbit | |||||||
20 August 15:30 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Plasma research | 20 August | Successful | ||
20 August 16:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar research | 20 August | Successful | |||
21 August 09:47 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Magnetosphere research | In orbit | Operational | ||
26 August 14:00 |
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ISAS | Suborbital | Plasma research | 26 August | Successful | ||
29 August | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Test rocket | 29 August | Successful | |||
29 August 05:22 |
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CONAE | Molniya | Magnetosphere research | 12 November 1999 | Successful | ||
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Roskosmos | Molniya | Auroral research | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Molniya | Auroral research | In orbit | Successful | |||
31 August 15:41 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 31 August | Successful | ||
September[] | |||||||
4 September 09:01 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
5 September 12:47 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
6 September 17:37 |
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Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
8 September 21:49 |
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GE Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
11 September 00:00 |
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EchoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
Retired after malfunction on 14 July 2008[1] | |||||||
11 September 08:01 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 11 September | Successful | |||
12 September 08:49 |
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US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
16 September 08:54 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Shuttle-Mir flight | 26 September 12:13 |
Successful | ||
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NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Logistics | ||||
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts | |||||||
24 September 22:00 |
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NASDA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 24 September | Successful | |||
26 September 17:50 |
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RSCSC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
27 September 16:51 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 27 September | Successful | |||
October[] | |||||||
2 October | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 2 October | Successful | |||
3 October | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 October | Successful | |||
3 October | ![]() |
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Russian Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 October | Successful | |||
9 October | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM target | 9 October | Successful | |||
9 October | ![]() |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | ABM test | 9 October | Successful | |||
16 October 10:41 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 16 October | Successful | ||
16 October 16:02 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Technology development | 16 October | Successful | |||
20 October 07:20 |
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CASC | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 November | Successful | ||
21 October 03:00 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Astronomy | 21 October | Successful | |||
24 October 11:37 |
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MOM | Molniya | Communications | 18 October 2007 03:51 |
Successful | ||
28 October | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 October | Successful | |||
28 October | ![]() |
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US Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 October | Successful | |||
29 October 03:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 29 October | Successful | |||
November[] | |||||||
4 November 17:08 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Astronomy | 7 April 2002 | Launch Failure | ||
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CONAE | Low Earth | Technology development | ||||
Both payloads failed to separate from the launch vehicle and each other | |||||||
6 November 13:06 |
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US Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 November | Successful | |||
7 November 17:00 |
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NASA | Areocentric | Mars orbiter | In orbit | Successful | ||
Contact lost on 2 November 2006 and mission declared complete on 10 January 2007 after numerous troubleshooting attempts to regain contact. | |||||||
9 November 08:50 |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 November | Successful | |||
13 November 18:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Solar observation | 13 November | Successful | ||
13 November 22:40 |
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Arabsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
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Binariang | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
16 November 20:48 |
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VKS | Intended: Areocentric Actual: Low Earth |
Mars orbiter | 17 November | Failure | ||
Upper stage failed to re-ignite for Earth orbit departure; re-entered the following day | |||||||
17 November 13:30 |
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NASA | Suborbital | Test rocket | 17 November | Successful | |||
19 November 19:55 |
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NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 7 December 11:49 |
Successful | ||
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NASA | Low Earth | Ultraviolet astronomy | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth | Materials research | ||||
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NASA | Low Earth (Columbia) | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | ||||
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; All EVAs cancelled due to airlock malfunction; Longest-duration Space Shuttle flight in history[2] Story Musgrave becomes the only American astronaut to fly on all five Space Shuttle orbiters[3] ORFEUS-SPAS deployed on 20 November and retrieved on 4 December; WSF deployed on 22 November and retrieved on 26 November | |||||||
19 November 23:20 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 12 March 1997 03:23 |
Partial Failure | ||
Failed to redock after free-flight in February–March 1997 | |||||||
21 November 20:47 |
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Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
24 November 11:05 |
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DASA | Suborbital | Microgravity research | 24 November | Successful | ||
29 November | ![]() |
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RVSN | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 November | Successful | |||
December[] | |||||||
4 December 06:58 |
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NASA | Heliocentric | Mars lander | 4 July 1997 16:57 |
Successful | ||
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NASA | Heliocentric | Mars rover | ||||
First Mars rover; landing site: Ares Vallis Final contact with Sojourner received on 27 September 1997 and the mission was terminated on 10 March 1998 | |||||||
11 December 12:00 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 1 January 1999 | Successful | ||
18 December 01:57 |
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Inmarsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
20 December 06:43 |
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MO RF | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational | ||
20 December 18:04 |
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NRO | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational | ||
NRO Launch 2 | |||||||
24 December 13:50 |
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Roskosmos | Low Earth | Biological research | 7 January 1997 | Successful | ||
28 December | ![]() |
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Suborbital | Missile test | 28 December | Successful |
Deep-space rendezvous[]
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
27 June | Galileo | 1st flyby of Ganymede | |
6 September | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Ganymede | |
4 November | Galileo | 1st flyby of Callisto | |
19 December | Galileo | 1st flyby of Europa |
EVAs[]
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 January 05:35 |
6 hours 9 minutes |
11:44 | STS-72 Endeavour |
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Practiced construction techniques for the upcoming International Space Station. The activities included installing a cable tray, hooking up cables and fluid lines, handling small screws and bolts in the screw, and grappling large objects at the end of the robotic arm.[4] |
17 January 05:40 |
6 hours 54 minutes |
12:34 | STS-72 Endeavour |
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Continued testing of construction techniques with utility boxes, slidewires and a portable work stanchion attached to the robotic arm. Scott also tested the heating capabilities of his spacesuit by riding the robotic arm into a cold night zone while Endeavour's payload bay was oriented toward space.[5] |
8 February 14:03 |
3 hours 5 minutes |
17:08 | Mir EO-20 Kvant-2 |
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Moved a YMK maneuvering unit from the Kvant-2 airlock and secured it on the module exterior. Then collected experiments deployed earlier on the ESEF. The team was unable to remove an antenna from Kristall when they were unable to loosen some bolts on the antenna. |
15 March 01:04 |
5 hours 51 minutes |
06:55 | Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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To improve access to the outside of the Kristall module, Onufriyenko and Usachev installed a second Strela boom on the Mir base block. Also prepared cables and connectors for the future installation of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array. |
27 March 06:34 |
6 hours 2 minutes |
12:36 | STS-76 Mir Atlantis |
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Added four canisters of experiments, called the Mir Environmental Effects Payload (MEEP), to the outside of docking module. Also tested new tethers and foot restraints for future use on Mir and the upcoming ISS assembly. First Shuttle-Mir EVA and EVA performed from a Space Shuttle docked at a space station. |
20 May 22:50 |
6 hours 20 minutes |
21 May 04:10 |
Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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Moved the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) from its stowage position on Kristal to a final location on Kvant-1, and prepared the array for complete deployment. Also released a balloon shaped like a large Pepsi can, and filmed it for a television commercial. |
24 May 20:47 |
6 hours 43 minutes |
25 May 02:30 |
Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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Completed deployment of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) on the Kvant-1 module. |
30 May 18:20 |
4 hours 20 minutes |
22:40 | Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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Installed the German made Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) camera to the exterior of the Priroda module. Also installed a new handrail on the exterior of Kvant-2 to aid future spacewalks. |
6 June 16:56 |
3 hours 34 minutes |
20:30 | Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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Installed two American micrometeoroid detector experiments to the exterior of Kvant-2. Also replaced a cassette for the Komza experiment of the surface of Spektr. |
13 June 12:45 |
5 hours 42 minutes |
18:27 | Mir EO-21 Kvant-2 |
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Installed the Rapana girder to the exterior of Kvant-1 in anticipation of mounting future experiments to the girder. Also manually deployed the Travers radar on the surface of Priroda. |
2 December 15:54 |
5 hours 58 minutes |
21:52 | Mir EO-22 Kvant-2 |
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Successfully connected electrical cables to the solar panels on surface installed on Kvant-1.[6] |
9 December 13:50 |
6 hours 38 minutes |
20:28 | Mir EO-22 Kvant-2 |
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Completed the construction of the Rapana truss structure and the installed the Kurs docking antenna. Also fixed an amateur radio antenna that had loosened.[7] |
References[]
- ^ Bergin, Chris (16 July 2008). "Sea Launch lofts EchoStar 11 – EchoStar 2 dies on orbit". NASASpaceflight.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2008.
- ^ "CNN Student News One-Sheet: Space Shuttle Facts". CNN. 11 March 2008. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ^ Story Musgrave 6-time Space Shuttle Astronaut simulates Space Flight | Hubble Space Telescope | Space Exploration | Space Story Archived 30 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-72 Day 5 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-72 Day 7 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
- ^ van der Berg, Chris (3 December 1996). "MIRNEWS 3 DECEMBER 1996 (337)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
- ^ van der Berg, Chris (10 December 1996). "MIRNEWS 10 DECEMBER 1996 (338)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
External links[]
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
![RocketSunIcon.svg](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png)
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
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