1965 in spaceflight
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 11 January |
Last | 28 December |
Total | 124 |
Successes | 108 |
Failures | 15 |
Partial failures | 1 |
Catalogued | 112 |
National firsts | |
Satellite | France |
Orbital launch | France |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | Atlas LV-3C Centaur-D Delta E Diamant-A Scout A Scout B Soyuz/Vostok 11A510 Thor LV-2D Burner-1 Thor LV-2D MG-18 Titan IIIC UR-500 (Proton) |
Retirements | Atlas LV-3A Agena-B Atlas LV-3C Centaur-C Delta D Kosmos-1 Molniya 8K78 Molniya-L 8K78L Saturn I Thor DSV-2A Ablestar Thor LV-2D MG-18 Thor SLV-2 Agena-B Titan IIIA |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 6 |
Total travellers | 13 |
Deep Space Rendezvous[]
Date (UTC) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
20 February | Ranger 8 | Lunar impact | Impacted Mare Tranquillitatis at 09:57:37, returned 7,137 images |
24 March | Ranger 9 | Lunar impact | Impacted Alphonsus Crater at 14:08:20, returned 5,814 images |
12 May | Luna 5 | Lunar impact | Failed lander, impacted at 19:10 |
11 June | Luna 6 | Lunar flyby | Failed lander, closest approach: 160,000 kilometres (99,000 mi) |
15 July | Mariner 4 | Flyby of Mars | Returned 21 images |
20 July | Zond 2 | Flyby of Mars | Communications system failed before flyby |
6 August | Zond 3 | Lunar Flyby | Returned 25 images |
7 October | Luna 7 | Lunar impact | Failed lander, impacted at 22:08 |
6 December | Luna 8 | Lunar impact | Failed lander, impacted at 21:51:30 |
EVAs[]
Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
18 March 08:34 |
12 minutes | 08:47 | Voskhod 2 | Alexei Leonov | First EVA in history.[1] Leonov had difficulty fitting back into the spacecraft due to spacesuit stiffness in vacuum. He vented air from his spacesuit to bend back into the capsule.[2] |
3 June 19:46 |
20 minutes | 20:06 | Gemini IV | Ed White | First US EVA.[3] White also had difficulty returning to the Gemini spacecraft. Although very fit, the effort left White exhausted.[4] |
Orbital launch summary[]
By country[]
| ||||||||
Orbital launch attempts by country in 1965 |
Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First orbital launch |
Soviet Union | 53 | 46 | 7 | 0 | |
United States | 70 | 61 | 8 | 1 |
By rocket[]
Rocket | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Atlas D | United States | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | Suborbital component of one failed launch was successful |
Atlas LV-3A Agena-B | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Atlas LV-3A Agena-D | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas SLV-3 Agena-D | United States | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | |
Atlas LV-3C Centaur-C | United States | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Atlas LV-3C Centaur-D | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Delta C | United States | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
Delta D | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Delta E | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Diamant A | France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Kosmos-1 63S3 | Soviet Union | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Kosmos-2I 63S1 | Soviet Union | 7 | 4 | 3 | 0 | |
63S1M | Soviet Union | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Molniya 8K78 | Soviet Union | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Molniya-L 8K78L | Soviet Union | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Molniya-M 8K78M | Soviet Union | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
Saturn I | United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Scout A | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Scout B | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Retired | |
Soyuz/Vostok 11A510 | Soviet Union | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Thor DSV-2A Ablestar | United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Thor LV-2D Burner-1 | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Thor LV-2D MG-18 | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Only flights |
Thor SLV-2 Agena-B | United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Retired |
Thor SLV-2 Agena-D | United States | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Thrust Augmented Thor SLV-2A Agena-D | United States | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan II GLV | United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | Also made one suborbital launch |
Titan IIIA | United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Titan IIIC | United States | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Maiden flight |
Voskhod 11A57 | Soviet Union | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | |
Vostok-2 8A92 | Soviet Union | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |
Vostok-2M 8A92M | Soviet Union | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
UR-500 (Proton) 8K72 | Soviet Union | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
By orbit[]
Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not Achieved | Accidentally Achieved |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low Earth | 96 | 85 | 9 | 2 | |
Medium Earth | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | |
High Earth | 13 | 11 | 2 | 0 | Including Highly elliptical and Molniya orbits |
Geosynchronous/transfer | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1* | * - One launch to geosynchronous orbit reached geosynchronous transfer orbit |
Heliocentric | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
References[]
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
Spaceflight portal
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes[]
- ^ Alexander Anikeev (2008). "Spacecraft "Voskhod-2" web page". Manned Astronautics: Figures and Facts website. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2008.
- ^ Mark Wade (2008). "Leonov web page". Encyclopedia Astronautica web site. Archived from the original on 23 December 2008. Retrieved 26 December 2008.
- ^ David R. Williams (2004). "The First U.S. Spacewalk - Gemini 4". Lunar and Planetary Science. NASA. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
- ^ Cernan, Eugene; Don Davis (1999). The Last Man on the Moon. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 83. ISBN 0-312-19906-6.
Categories:
- 1965 in spaceflight
- Spaceflight by year