2025 in spaceflight

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2025 in spaceflight
Artemis III.jpg
The Artemis III mission is scheduled to carry astronauts to the lunar south pole in 2025.
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This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2025.

In 2025, NASA's Artemis Program is expected to launch the Artemis III mission, which will land astronauts near the south pole of the Moon. It is expected to be the first mission to land humans on the Moon since 1972.

Russia plans to launch the Spektr-UV (World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet), a space telescope that will be developed by multiple nations.

China plans to launch the eXTP X-ray observatory.[1]

China also plans to launch the ZhengHe asteroid and comet probe.[2]

As of 2021, the mission of the Juno spacecraft orbiting Jupiter is targeted to end no later than September 2025. NASA has stated that the mission could end sooner depending on potential damage from the system's radiation belts during fly-bys of Europa in 2022, and Io in 2023 and 2024.[3][4]

Orbital launches[]

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks

January[]

January (TBD)[6][7] United States TBA United States Vandenberg United States TBA
United States NASA Low Earth (SSO) Satellite servicing  
Formerly known as Restore-L, the first On-Orbit Servicing, Assembly and Manufacturing (OSAM-1) mission will rendezvous with Landsat 7 and refuel it. OSAM-1 will also host the Space Infrastructure Dexterous Robot (SPIDER) and demonstrate satellite servicing technologies.[5]

February[]

1 February[6][9] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral SLC-40 United States SpaceX
United States IMAP NASA Sun–Earth L1 Heliophysics  
United States NASA Sun–Earth L1 Exosphere research  
United States Solar Cruiser NASA Sun–Earth L1 Technology demonstration  
United States SWFO-L1 NOAA Sun–Earth L1 Space weather  
United States Lunar Trailblazer[10] NASA / Caltech Selenocentric Lunar orbiter  
Part of the Solar Terrestrial Probes program. Under NASA's SMD Rideshare Initiative, multiple secondary spacecraft will be launched along with IMAP to the Sun–Earth L1 point.[8]

March[]

Q1 (TBD)[11][12] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia №2 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  


June[]

H1 2025 (TBD)[13] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes.


August[]

August (TBD)[14][15] Russia Angara A5 Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia Luna 27 Roscosmos TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  

September[]

September (TBD)[16][17] Russia Angara A5P Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia Orel Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Crewed flight test  
Crewed flight test of the Orel capsule going to the International Space Station.
Q3 (TBD)[18][19] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
European Union GO-1 ESA Geostationary Satellite dispenser  
Multi-Launch Service (MLS) #4 rideshare mission. Direct flight to geostationary orbit.
Q3 (TBD)[18] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
TBA TBA Low Earth (SSO) TBA  
MLS #5 rideshare mission.

October[]

23 October[20][21] Russia Angara A5M Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia Spektr-UV INASAN IGSO Ultraviolet astronomy  

November[]

December[]

December (TBD)[22][23] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States Europe Sentinel-6B NASA / NOAA / Eumetsat / ESA Low Earth Earth observation  
Q4 (TBD)[18] Europe Ariane 64 France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
TBA TBA TLI Lunar lander / orbiter  
MLS #6 rideshare mission, designated "Highway to the Moon". Dedicated flight to lunar transfer orbit.[24][25]
Q4 (TBD)[27] TBA TBA TBA
Europe 1 (Sentinel-7A) ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Europe 2 (Sentinel-7B) ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring mission.[26] Part of the European Space Agency's Copernicus Programme.
Q4 (TBD)[13] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States TBA NASA TLI to lunar surface Lunar lander  
CLPS mission delivering payloads to the lunar south pole. ESA's Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation, and Transportation (PROSPECT) payload will fly on this mission.

To be determined[]

2025 (TBD)[28][29] Russia Angara A5 / DM-03[30] Russia Plesetsk Russia Roscosmos
Russia Luch-5M 1[31] Gonets Satellite System Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[33][34] Russia Angara A5 Russia Vostochny Site 1A Russia Roscosmos
Russia NEM-1 (SPM-1) Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Space station assembly  
NEM-1, also known as Science Power Module 1 (SPM-1), will be the core module of the proposed Russian Orbital Service Station (ROSS). It was initially intended to be launched to the International Space Station.[32]
H2 2025 (TBD)[35][36] Europe Ariane 64[37] France Kourou ELA-4 France Arianespace
Europe MTG-I2[38] EUMETSAT Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[39][40] United States Falcon 9 Block 5 United States Cape Canaveral or Kennedy United States SpaceX
United Kingdom Skynet 6A Airbus Defence and Space / UK Ministry of Defence Geosynchronous Military communications  
2025 (TBD)[41] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical Diversification 1 CIRO Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance  
First of a new generation of IGS-Optical satellites.
2025 (TBD)[41] Japan H3 Japan Tanegashima LA-Y2 Japan MHI
Japan IGS-Optical 9 CIRO Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance  
2025 (TBD)[42] China Long March 3B/E (?) China Xichang or Wenchang China CASC
China Fengyun 4C[43] CMA Geosynchronous Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[2][44] China Long March 3B[45] China Xichang China CASC
China ZhengHe CNSA Heliocentric Asteroid sample-return
Comet orbiter		  
2025 (TBD)[46] China Long March 4B China Jiuquan SLS-2 China CASC
China HaiYang 2G[47][48] Ministry of Natural Resources Low Earth Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[49] China Long March 7 China Wenchang LC-2 China CASC
China Europe [1] CAS Low Earth X-ray astronomy  
Chinese-led X-ray astronomy collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and multiple European institutions.[49]
2025 (TBD)[46] China Long March TBA China TBA China CASC
China HaiYang 3D[50] Ministry of Natural Resources Geosynchronous Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[52][53] United States New Glenn United States Cape Canaveral LC-36 United States Blue Origin
United States Axiom Hub 2 (AxH2) Axiom Space Low Earth (ISS) ISS assembly / Commercial habitat  
Second Axiom module to be launched, nominally on New Glenn (with Falcon Heavy as backup).[51]
2025 (TBD)[54] Germany Norway Andøya Germany
Luxembourg TBA LuxSpace Low Earth TBA  
Dedicated launch contract for LuxSpace.
2025 (TBD)[55] United States SLS Block 1 United States Kennedy LC-39B United States NASA
United States Artemis 3 NASA Selenocentric Crewed lunar landing  
Second crewed Orion flight and first crewed lunar landing since Apollo 17 in 1972.
2025 (TBD)[56] Germany Sweden Esrange Germany
Italy ION Satellite Carrier Low Earth (SSO) CubeSat deployer  
2025 (TBD)[57][58] Russia Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat Kazakhstan Baikonur Russia Roscosmos
Russia -MKA Roscosmos Tundra Magnetospheric research  
2025 (TBD)[59] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Kazakhstan Baikonur Russia Roscosmos
Russia №3[60] Roscosmos Molniya Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[61] Russia Soyuz-2.1b Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia Gonets-M Gonets Satellite System Low Earth Communications  
Russia BLITS-M2 × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging  
Russia GLASS × 2 Roscosmos Medium Earth Laser ranging  
2025 (TBD)[59] Russia Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat Russia Vostochny Site 1S Russia Roscosmos
Russia Meteor-M №2-6[62] Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology  
2025 (TBD)[63] Russia Kazakhstan Baikonur Site 1/5 Russia Roscosmos
Russia TBA Roscosmos Low Earth Flight test  
First flight of the Soyuz-6.
2025 (TBD)[64] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe ALTIUS ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[65] Europe Vega-C France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Switzerland ClearSpace-1 (EPFL) Low Earth Space debris removal  
ClearSpace-1 will capture and de-orbit the Vespa payload adapter that deployed PROBA-V in 2013.
2025 (TBD)[66] Europe Vega-C[67] France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Europe [68] ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fourth Sentinel-3 satellite.
2025 (TBD)[69][70] Europe Vega-C[71] France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
Italy Israel SHALOM ASI / ISA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
2025 (TBD)[72] Europe Vega-E France Kourou ELV France Arianespace
TBA ESA Low Earth Flight test  
First flight of Vega-E.
2025 (TBD)[73][74] TBA TBA TBA
Taiwan Beyond 5G NSPO / ITRI Low Earth Communications  
2025 (TBD)[76] TBA TBA TBA
South Korea CAS500-5 KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / Ministry of Environment Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation  
Fifth CAS500 satellite, dedicated to observation of water resources.[75]
2025 (TBD)[77] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States COSI NASA Low Earth Gamma-ray astronomy  
Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI). Part of NASA's Small Explorers program.
2025 (TBD)[78] United States TBA United States TBA United States TBA
United States DRACO Demo DARPA Low Earth Technology demonstration  
Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations (DRACO) is a DARPA program to demonstrate a working nuclear thermal rocket in space.
2025 (TBD)[79][80] Russia TBA Kazakhstan Baikonur or Russia Vostochny Russia Roscosmos
Russia Ekspress-AMU5 RSCC Geosynchronous Communications  
2025 (TBD)[82] TBA TBA TBA
Europe Israel LSAS lander OHB / IAI Selenocentric Lunar lander  
TBA TBA Geosynchronous Communications  
First mission under the Lunar Surface Access Service (LSAS) program, a joint initiative between OHB and IAI. Will rideshare alongside a commercial geostationary satellite.[81]

Suborbital flights[]

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat) 		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
March (TBD)[83] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-35 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
March (TBD)[83] United States Improved Orion Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA / Sweden SNSA
Germany Sweden REXUS-36 DLR / SNSA Suborbital Education  
May (TBD)[83] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Sweden SSC
Sweden S1X-M17 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research  
SubOrbital Express Microgravity flight opportunity 17.
October (TBD)[83] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAPHEUS-16 DLR Suborbital Microgravity research  
October (TBD)[83] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany MAIUS-4 ZARM Suborbital Matter wave interferometry  
Fourth payload launch for the QUANTUS IV - MAIUS project.[84]
November (TBD)[83] Brazil VSB-30 Sweden Esrange Germany MORABA
Germany Europe TEXUS-63 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity research  

Deep-space rendezvous[]

Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
9 January BepiColombo Sixth gravity assist at Mercury
20 April Lucy Flyby of asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson Target altitude 922 km
5 December BepiColombo Hermocentric orbit insertion at Mercury

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)[]

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks

Orbital launch statistics[]

By country[]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures 		Remarks

By rocket[]

By family[]

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By type[]

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By configuration[]

Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By spaceport[]

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks

By orbit[]

Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved 		Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 0 0 0 0
Geosynchronous / transfer 0 0 0 0
Medium Earth 0 0 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 0 0 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits

Notes[]

References[]

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RocketSunIcon.svg Spaceflight portal
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