1980 in spaceflight
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Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 9 January |
Last | 26 December |
Total | 108 |
Successes | 102 |
Failures | 6 |
Partial failures | 0 |
Catalogued | 105 |
National firsts | |
Orbital launch | India |
Space traveller | Hungary Vietnam Cuba |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | Mu-3S |
Retirements | Thor DSV-2U |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 6 |
Total travellers | 13 |
The following is an outline of 1980 in spaceflight.
Launches[]
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January[] | |||||||
9 January 12:15 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 23 January | Successful | |||
11 January 12:28 |
Molniya-M/ | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Molniya | Communications | 22 October 1992 | Successful | ||||
18 January 01:26:00 |
Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR | Cape Canaveral LC-36A | |||||
(FLTSATCOM 3) | US Navy | Geostationary | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
14 January 19:49 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Parus) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
23 January 07:00 |
Tsyklon-3 | Plesetsk Site 32/1 | |||||
( No.2) | Low Earth | Technology | In orbit | Successful | |||
Prototype oceanography satellite, not equipped with radar | |||||||
24 January 15:45 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Yantar-2K No.928) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 6 February | Partial spacecraft failure | |||
25 January 20:36 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Parus) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
30 January 12:51 |
Vostok-2M | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | |||||
(Tselina-D) | Low Earth | SIGINT | 5 November 2002 | Successful | |||
February[] | |||||||
7 February 11:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 21 February | Successful | |||
7 February 21:10 |
Titan III(23)D | Vandenberg SLC-4E | |||||
(KH-11) | NRO | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 30 October 1982 | Successful | ||
9 February 23:08 |
Atlas E/F-SGS-1 | Vandenberg SLC-3E | |||||
OPS 5117 (Navstar 5) | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
11 February 23:32 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
12 February 00:53 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | |||||
Kosmos 1164 (Oko) | Intended: Molniya Achieved: Highly elliptical |
Missile defence | 12 February | Launch failure | |||
Upper stage malfunction | |||||||
14 February 15:57 |
Delta 3910 | Cape Canaveral LC-17A | |||||
SolarMax | NASA | Low Earth | Solar | 2 December 1989 | Successful | ||
Spacecraft's attitude control system malfunctioned ten months after launch, subsequently repaired by Space Shuttle Challenger during STS-41-C in April 1984 | |||||||
17 February 00:40 |
Mu-3S | Kagoshima | ISAS | ||||
ISAS | Low Earth | Technology | 12 May 1983 | Successful | |||
Maiden flight of Mu-3S | |||||||
20 February 08:05:00 |
Proton-K/DM | Baikonur Site 200/39 | |||||
() | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
21 February 12:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | |||||
() | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 5 March | Successful | |||
22 February 08:35 |
N-I | Tanagashima LA-O | NASDA | ||||
NASDA | Intended: Geostationary Achieved: Transfer |
Technology | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
Spacecraft's apogee motor malfunctioned, leaving it with a perigee ~4,000 km (~2,500 mi) short of geostationary orbit. | |||||||
March[] | |||||||
3 March 09:27 |
Atlas E/F- | Vandenberg SLC-3W | |||||
(MSD) | NRO | Low Earth | Dispenser | In orbit | Successful | ||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Low Earth | ELINT | 2 April 2021 16:08[1] |
Successful | ||
4 March 10:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/4 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 18 March | Successful | |||
14 March 10:40 |
Tsyklon-2 | Baikonur Site 90 | |||||
() | Low Earth | ELINT | 1 October 1981 | Successful | |||
17 March 21:37 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
(Tsikada) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
27 March 07:30 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
() | Low Earth | Calibration | 3 March 1983 | Successful | |||
27 March 11:38:22 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
Progress 8 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Station resupply | 26 April 07:40 |
Successful | |||
April[] | |||||||
1 April 08:00 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKM) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 12 April | Successful | |||
3 April 07:40 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
Kosmos 1171 () | Low Earth | ASAT target | In orbit | Successful | |||
Target for , which failed to intercept it | |||||||
9 April 11:38:22 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
Soyuz 35 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | 3 June 15:06 |
Successful | ||||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts | |||||||
12 April 20:18 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Kosmos 1172 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | 26 December 1997 | Successful | |||
Replacement for Kosmos 1109 | |||||||
17 April 08:30 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKM) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 April | Successful | |||
18 April 00:51 |
Tsyklon-2 | Baikonur Site 90 | |||||
(IS-A) | Low Earth | ASAT test | 20 April 1981 | Spacecraft failure | |||
Failed to intercept Kosmos 1171 | |||||||
18 April 17:31 |
Molniya-M/ML | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
( No.26) | Intended: Molniya Achieved: Low Earth |
Communications | 29 September | Launch failure | |||
Upper stage malfunction | |||||||
26 April 22:00 |
Atlas E/F-SGS-1 | Vandenberg SLC-3E | |||||
OPS 5118 (Navstar 6) | US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
27 April 06:24:00 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Progress 9 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Station resupply | 22 May 01:30 |
Successful | |||
29 April 11:40 |
Tsyklon-2 | Baikonur Site 90 | |||||
(US-A) | Low Earth | Technology | 4 October | Successful | |||
Demonstration of new nuclear reactor safety systems | |||||||
29 April 13:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Yantar-4K1 No.2) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 12 June | Successful | |||
May[] | |||||||
7 May 13:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 22 May | Successful | |||
14 May 13:00 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
() | Low Earth | Calibration | 18 July 1989 | Successful | |||
15 May 05:35 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-4MT) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 26 May | Successful | |||
20 May 09:21 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Parus) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
23 May 07:10 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
() | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 5 June | Successful | |||
23 May 14:29:39 |
Ariane 1 | Kourou ELA-1 | Arianespace | ||||
ESA/Arianespace | Intended: GTO | Test | 23 May | Launch failure | |||
MPG | Intended: GTO | Magnetospheric | |||||
MPG | Intended: GTO | Magnetospheric | |||||
MPG | Intended: GTO | Magnetospheric | |||||
MPG | Intended: GTO | Magnetospheric | |||||
MPG | Intended: GTO | Magnetospheric | |||||
Intended: Molniya | Amateur radio | ||||||
First stage failure due to combustion instability in main engine; first launch conducted by Arianespace | |||||||
26 May 18:20:39 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
Soyuz 36 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | 31 July 15:15 |
Successful | ||||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, first Hungarian in space | |||||||
28 May 12:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 11 June | Successful | |||
29 May 10:53 |
Atlas E/F- | Vandenberg SLC-3W | |||||
NOAA-B | NOAA | Low Earth | Weather | 3 May 1981 | Launch failure | ||
First stage underperformed due to an engine leaking fuel and running at low thrust. Corrected by onboard guidance extending the duration of first stage flight, however this was not communicated to the upper stage, which attempted to separate at the normal time, whilst the first stage was still firing. Recontact prevented the upper stage orienting for its burn, leading to payload being deployed into useless orbit.[2] | |||||||
June[] | |||||||
4 June 07:34 |
Vostok-2M | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Tselina-D) | Low Earth | SIGINT | 29 April 2002 | Successful | |||
5 June 14:19:30 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
Soyuz T-2 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Salyut 6 EP-6 | 9 June 12:39 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, first crewed flight of Soyuz-T spacecraft | |||||||
6 June 07:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
( No.12) | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 20 June | Successful | |||
6 June 11:00 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
() | Low Earth | Calibration | 1 January 1982 | Successful | |||
Low Earth | Calibration | 24 September | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 14 September | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 1 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 28 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 20 May 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 22 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 18 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 27 September 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 22 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 18 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 17 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | September 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 14 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 10 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 14 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 20 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 13 June 1981 | Successful | ||||
Deployed 24 calibration spheres | |||||||
12 June 12:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 26 June | Successful | |||
14 June 00:49:50 |
Proton-K/DM | Baikonur Site 200/39 | |||||
Operational: Geostationary Current: Graveyard |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||||
Operated until 25 October 1988 | |||||||
14 June 20:52 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
Kosmos 1188 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | |||
Replacement for Kosmos 1024, operated for only four months | |||||||
18 June 06:14:12 |
Vostok-2M | Baikonur | |||||
Low Earth | Remote sensing | 1 March 1992 | Successful | ||||
18 June 18:30 |
Titan III(23)D | Vandenberg SLC-4E | |||||
(KH-9) | NRO | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 6 March 1981 | Successful | ||
OPS 3123 RV-1 | NRO | Low Earth | Film return | 24 July | Successful | ||
OPS 3123 RV-2 | NRO | Low Earth | Film return | 7 September | Successful | ||
OPS 3123 RV-3 | NRO | Low Earth | Film return | 24 October | Successful | ||
OPS 3123 RV-4 | NRO | Low Earth | Film return | 5 March 1981 | Successful | ||
OPS 3123 RV-5 | NRO | Low Earth | Film return | 14 October | Successful | ||
All SRVs recovered successfully | |||||||
21 June 18:34 |
Molniya-M/ML | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Molniya | Communications | 1 April 1991 | Successful | ||||
26 June 12:20 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 10 July | Successful | |||
29 June 04:40:42 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Progress 10 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Station resupply | 19 July 02:30 |
Successful | |||
July[] | |||||||
1 July 07:12 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Strela-2) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
2 July 00:54 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Kosmos 1191 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
Replacement for Kosmos 1124 | |||||||
9 July 00:42 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/2 | |||||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
9 July 12:40 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 23 July | Successful | |||
14 July 22:35 |
Proton-K/DM | Baikonur Site 200/40 | |||||
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||||
15 July 02:22:11 |
Thor DSV-2U | Vandenberg SLC-10W | |||||
(AMS-5) | US Air Force | Intended: Low Earth | Weather | 15 July | Launch failure | ||
Final flight of Thor DSV-2U, final launch from SLC-10W. Anomaly during second stage separation led to wiring being pulled out of spacecraft. Vehicle also failed to achieve orbit. | |||||||
15 July 07:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKT) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 July | Successful | |||
18 July 02:33:45 |
SLV | Sriharikota FLP | ISRO | ||||
ISRO | Low Earth | Technology | 20 May 1981 | Successful | |||
First successful Indian orbital launch | |||||||
18 July 10:37 |
Molniya-M/ML | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||||
23 July 18:33:03 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Soyuz 37 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | 11 October 09:49 |
Successful | ||||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, first Vietnamese space traveller | |||||||
24 July 12:40 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 7 August | Successful | |||
31 July 07:45 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Resurs-F1 No.12) | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 14 August | Successful | |||
31 July 11:00 |
Kosmos-3M | Kapustin Yar | |||||
() | Low Earth | Calibration | 23 February 1981 | Successful | |||
Low Earth | Calibration | 11 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 14 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 31 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 24 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 24 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 26 October | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 4 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 10 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 27 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 18 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 18 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 23 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 3 December | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 19 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 17 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 17 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 16 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 23 November | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 14 December | Successful | ||||
Low Earth | Calibration | 13 December | Successful | ||||
August[] | |||||||
12 August 11:50 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 26 August | Successful | |||
15 August 05:34 |
Vostok-2M | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Tselina-D) | Low Earth | SIGINT | 14 January 2002 | Successful | |||
22 August 10:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKT) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 September | Successful | |||
26 August 15:45 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Yantar-2K No.927) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 24 September | Successful | |||
26 August 16:10 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Yantar-2K No.941) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 21 January 1981 | Successful | |||
September[] | |||||||
3 September 10:20 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Resurs-F1 No.14) | Low Earth | Remote sensing | 17 September | Successful | |||
9 September 11:00 |
Vostok-2M | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||||
9 September 22:27 |
Delta 3914 | Cape Canaveral LC-17A | |||||
GOES 4 (GOES-D) | NOAA | Operational: Geostationary Current: Graveyard |
Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
Retired and moved to graveyard orbit on 9 November 1988 | |||||||
18 September 19:11:03 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Soyuz 38 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Salyut 6 EP-8 | 26 September 15:54 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with two cosmonauts, first Cuban in space | |||||||
19 September 10:10 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 3 October | Successful | |||
23 September 10:30 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-4MT) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 4 October | Successful | |||
26 September 10:10 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKT) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 9 October | Successful | |||
28 September 15:09:55 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Progress 11 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Station resupply | 11 December 14:45 |
Successful | |||
October[] | |||||||
3 October 12:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 17 October | Successful | |||
5 October 17:10 |
Proton-K/DM | Baikonur Site 200/39 | |||||
(Raduga) | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
10 October 13:10 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-4MKM) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 23 October | Successful | |||
Final flight of Zenit-4MKM | |||||||
14 October 20:41 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
() | Low Earth | SIGINT | 12 May 1983 | Successful | |||
16 October 12:20 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 30 October | Successful | |||
16 October 12:00 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 13 November | Successful | |||
24 October 10:53 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Kosmos 1217 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
Replacement for Kosmos 1188 | |||||||
30 October 10:00 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
(Yantar-4K1 No.3) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 12 December | Successful | |||
31 October 03:54 |
Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR | Cape Canaveral LC-36A | |||||
(FLTSATCOM 4) | US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
November[] | |||||||
4 November 15:04 |
Tsyklon-2 | Baikonur Site 90 | |||||
(US-P) | Low Earth | ELINT | 20 June 1982 | Successful | |||
12 November 12:21 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 26 November | Successful | |||
15 November 22:49 |
Delta 3910/PAM-D | Cape Canaveral LC-17A | |||||
SBS | Operational: Geostationary Current: Graveyard |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
Retired on 22 June 1990 and moved to graveyard orbit | |||||||
16 November 18:34 |
Molniya-M/ML | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Molniya | Communications | 18 November 1995 | Successful | ||||
21 November 11:53 |
Vostok-2M | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Tselina-D) | Low Earth | SIGINT | 27 April 2011 | Successful | |||
27 November 21:37 |
Molniya-M/2BL | Plesetsk Site 41/1 | |||||
Kosmos 1223 (Oko) | Molniya | Missile defence | In orbit | Successful | |||
Replacement for Kosmos 903 | |||||||
27 November 14:18:28 |
Soyuz-U | Baikonur Site 1/5 | |||||
Soyuz T-3 | Low Earth (Salyut 6) | Salyut 6 EO-5 | 10 December 09:26 |
Successful | |||
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts, first three-man Soyuz flight since 1971 | |||||||
December[] | |||||||
1 December 12:15 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 15 December | Successful | |||
5 December 04:23 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
(Parus) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
6 December 23:31 |
Atlas SLV 3D Centaur-D1AR | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | |||||
Intelsat V F-2 | Intelsat | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
9 December 07:18 |
Atlas E/F-MSD | Vandenberg SLC-3W | |||||
(MSD) | NRO | Intended: Low Earth | Dispenser | 9 December | Launch failure | ||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Intended: Low Earth | ELINT | ||||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Intended: Low Earth | ELINT | ||||
(NOSS SSU) | NRO | Intended: Low Earth | ELINT | ||||
NRL | Intended: Low Earth | Technoilogy | |||||
Booster engine failure led to loss of control, rocket turned around and began flying backwards before exploding.[3] | |||||||
10 December 20:53 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
(Tsikada) | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
13 December 16:04 |
Titan III(34)B | Vandenberg SLC-4W | |||||
(SDS) | NRO | Molniya | Communication | 30 October 1982 | Successful | ||
16 December 12:15 |
Soyuz-U | Plesetsk Site 43/3 | |||||
(Zenit-6) | Low Earth | Optical imaging | 28 December | Successful | |||
23 December 22:48 |
Kosmos-3M | Plesetsk Site 132/1 | |||||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
(Strela-1M) | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | |||
25 December 04:02 |
Molniya-M/ | Baikonur Site 31/6 | |||||
Highly elliptical | Solar Magnetospheric |
28 December 1984 | Successful | ||||
26 December 11:49 |
Proton-K/DM | Baikonur Site 200/40 | |||||
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful |
Deep Space Rendezvous[]
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
12 November | Voyager 1 | Flyby of Saturn | Closest approach: 124,000 kilometres (77,000 mi) |
Orbital launch summary[]
By country[]
| ||||||||||||
Orbital launch attempts by country in 1980 |
Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Europe | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
India | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Japan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Soviet Union | 89 | 87 | 2 | 0 | |
United States | 15 | 12 | 3 | 0 |
By rocket[]
By family[]
Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane | Europe | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Atlas | United States | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | |
Mu | Japan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
R-7 | Soviet Union | 63 | 61 | 2 | 1 | |
R-14 | Soviet Union | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
R-36 | Soviet Union | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
SLV | India | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Thor/Delta | United States | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | Includes N-I |
Titan | United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Universal Rocket | Soviet Union | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
By type[]
Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 1 | Europe | Ariane | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Atlas E/F | United States | Atlas | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
Atlas-Centaur | United States | Atlas | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta 3000 | United States | Thor/Delta | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Kosmos | Soviet Union | R-12/R-14 | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
Molniya | Soviet Union | R-7 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | |
Mu-3 | Japan | Mu | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Japan/ United States | Thor/Delta | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
Proton | Soviet Union | Universal Rocket | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
SLV | India | SLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz | Soviet Union | R-7 | 45 | 45 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan III | United States | Titan | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Tsyklon | Soviet Union | R-36 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Thor DSV-2U | United States | Thor/Delta | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Vostok | Soviet Union | R-7 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
By configuration[]
Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 1 | Europe | Ariane 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Atlas E/F- | United States | Atlas E/F | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Atlas E/F-SGS-1 | United States | Atlas E/F | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Retired |
Atlas E/F- | United States | Atlas E/F | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR | United States | Atlas-Centaur | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta 3910 | United States | Delta 3000 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta 3910/PAM-D | United States | Delta 3000 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta 3914 | United States | Delta 3000 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Kosmos-3M | Soviet Union | Kosmos | 16 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
N-I | Japan/ United States | N | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Mu-3S | Japan | Mu-3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Molniya-M/2BL | Soviet Union | Molniya | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | |
Molniya-M/ | Soviet Union | Molniya | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
Molniya-M/ | Soviet Union | Molniya | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
SLV | India | SLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-K/DM | Soviet Union | Proton | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-U | Soviet Union | Soyuz | 45 | 45 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan III(34)B | United States | Titan III | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Titan III(23)D | United States | Titan III | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Thor DSV-2U | United States | Thor DSV-2U | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Retired |
Tsyklon-2 | Soviet Union | Tsyklon | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Tsyklon-3 | Soviet Union | Tsyklon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Vostok-2M | Soviet Union | Vostok | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
By launch site[]
Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baikonur | Soviet Union | 24 | 24 | 0 | 0 | |
Cape Canaveral | United States | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Kourou | France | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Kagoshima | Japan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Kapustin Yar | Soviet Union | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Plesetsk | Soviet Union | 64 | 62 | 2 | 0 | |
Sriharikota | India | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Tanegashima | Japan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Vandenberg | United States | 9 | 6 | 3 | 0 |
By orbit[]
Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not Achieved | Accidentally achieved |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low Earth | 82 | 80 | 2 | 1 | |
Medium Earth | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Geosynchronous/transfer | 11 | 10 | 1 | 0 | |
High Earth | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | Including highly elliptical (HEO) and Molniya orbits, one launch to Molniya orbit ended up in HEO |
References[]
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
Spaceflight portal
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes[]
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan [@planet4589] (3 April 2021). "One of the NRO PARCAE 3 signals intelligence sats launched in March 1980 reentered east of Christchurch, New Zealand on Apr 2 at 1608 UTC" (Tweet). Retrieved 4 April 2021 – via Twitter.
- ^ Wade, Mark. "Tiros N". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
- ^ Wade, Mark. "NOSS". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 11 October 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
Categories:
- 1980 in spaceflight
- Spaceflight by year