Turkish Beylik in Anatolia, between 1337-1522
For other uses, see Dulkadir (disambiguation) .
Dulkadirids / Dulkadiroğulları
Map of the Anatolian beyliks around 1330. Dulkadir was located in south east Anatolia.
Capital Elbistan Maraş Common languages Turkish Religion
Sunni Islam Government Beylik Bey • 1337
• 1522
Dulkadir Ali Bey
Historical era Late Medieval • Established
1337 • Disestablished
1522
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Ilkhanate
Ottoman Empire
The Anatolian beylik of Dulkadir (Modern Turkish : Dulkadiroğulları Beyliği ), was one of the frontier principalities established by the Turkoman clans Bayat , Afshar and Begdili after the decline of Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm .
Capitals [ ]
The capitals of the beylik were located around the town of Elbistan in Kahramanmaraş Province of Turkey in different eras.
As a buffer state [ ]
For a while, the Beylik of Dulkadiroğulları had an influence extending from Kırşehir to Mosul , but with the rise of the Ottomans , they became a buffer state between the Ottomans and the Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) of Egypt. They became part of the Ottoman Empire in early 16th century. Until the mid-19th century, the region centered on the town of Elbistan in Kahramanmaraş Province of Turkey was often referred to as Dulkadiroğulları (or Zulkadriyye ) State in Ottoman documents[citation needed ] .
The Dulkadir dynasty also gave many brides to the Ottoman dynasty . Emine Hatun , the daughter of Nasreddin Mehmed Bey, the fifth ruler of Dulkadiroğulları State , was Mehmed I 's third consort, and thus the mother of Ottoman Sultan Murad II . Their marriage served as an alliance between the Ottomans and this buffer state. Their son Murad II is the ancestor of all succeeding Sultans. Similarly, Mükrime Hatun , the daughter of Süleyman Bey, the sixth ruler of Dulkadiroğulları State, was the third wife of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II . Moreover, Ayşe Hatun , the daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt, the eleventh ruler of the Dulkadir State, was the wife of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II , and consequently the stepmother of Selim I .
List of rulers [ ]
(1337–1353)[1]
(1353–1386)
(Sevli Bey) (1386–1398)
(1398–1399)
(1399–1442)
(1442–1454)
Melik Arslan Bey (1454–1465)
Şah Budak Bey (1465–1467)
(1467–1472)
Şah Budak Bey (second reign) (1472–1480)
Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey (1480–1515)
Dulkadiroğlu Ali Bey (1515–1522)
See also [ ]
References [ ]
^ Yeni Rehber Ansiklopedisi, Türkiye Gazetesi, 1993 (in Turkish)
show
Important centers and extension
Konya
Kayseri
Sivas (1175)
Malatya (1178)
Alanya
Antalya
Dynasty Chronology Palaces and castles
in Konya (1190–1220)
Kubadabad Palace in Beyşehir (1220–1230)
in Kayseri (1220–1230)
Alanya Kızıl Kule (Red Tower ) and Shipyard constructions and widescale extension of Alanya Castle
Külliye ("complexes") and dar al-shifa (hospitals) and medrese (schools) and mosques:Caravanserais
Ağzıkara Han caravanserai near Aksaray (1237)
caravanserai near Denizli (1254)
caravanserai in (~1280)
caravanserai near Manavgat
caravanserai near Aksaray (1190)
Altınapa Han caravanserai between Beyşehir and Konya (1201)
caravanserai between Konya and Akşehir (1201)
caravanserai in Divriği (13th century)
caravanserai near Samsun (~1250)
Çardak Han (Hanabad ) caravanserai in Çardak (1230)
Çay Han caravanserai in Çay (1279)
caravanserai in Konya (1210)
caravanserai in Eğirdir (1238)
caravanserai near Eğirdir (1224)
caravanserai near Afşin –Elbistan (~1225)
caravanserai near Antalya (1224)
caravanserai near Amasya (1246)
caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray
caravanserai between Amasya and Tokat
Hekim Han caravanserai in Hekimhan (1220)
caravanserai near Konya (1249)
caravanserai near Bucak (1239)
Kadın Han caravanserai in Kadınhanı (1223)
caravanserai near (1241)
caravanserai near Antalya (1246)
caravanserai near Kırşehir (1268)
caravanserai near Antalya (1246)
caravanserai near Konya (1206)
caravanserai near Konya (1210)
caravanserai near Anamur (13th century)
caravanserai near Divriği (13th century)
caravanserai near Konya (1230)
caravanserai near Aksaray (~1275)
caravanserai near Tokat (1239)
caravanserai near Konya (1236)
caravanserai near Alanya (1246)
caravanserai near Ürgüp (1249)
caravanserai between Malatya and Pötürge (13th century)
caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray (1229)
caravanserai near Bünyan between Kayseri and Sivas (1236)
caravanserai near Bucak (1246)
show
show Tzachas (1081 - 1092)
Founder
Tzachas
Capital
İzmir
Chronology Important centers and extension:
show Chronology
1207
Submitted to the Ayyoubids
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1100–1112)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(1128–1185)
(1185–1193)
(1193–1197)
(1185–1207)
Important works:
show Artuqids (1102 - )
Ancestors
Eksük and his son Artuk , from Döğer Oghuz Türkmen clan
Founder
Capitals
Three branches in Hasankeyf , Mardin and Harput
Important centers and extension:
Diyarbakır
Hasankeyf
Silvan
Mardin
Midyat
Harput
Palu
Aleppo (temporarily in 1117 )
Hasankeyf Dynasty or Sökmenli Dynasty: Mardin Dynasty or Ilgazi Dynasty:
(1106–1122)
(1122–1154)
(1154–1176)
Harput Dynasty:
(1112–1124)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
Important works:
Artuqid Palace in Diyarbakır
Widescale extension of
Malabadi Bridge
Sökmenli Nasirüddevle Bîmaristan-ı Farukî Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) in Silvan (1108)
Emineddin (brother of Ilgazi ) Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) in Mardin (built between 1122)
(Cami-i Kebir )
in Mardin
near Keban between Elazığ and Çemişgezek
show Danishmends (1071–1178)
Chronology
1175
Capital city of Sivas incorporated into the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
1178
Malatya branch incorporated into the Seljuk Sultanate
Important centers and extension:
Sivas
Niksar
Malatya
Kayseri
Tokat
Amasya
Kastamonu
Ankara
Dynasty: Important works:
show Mengujekids (1071–1277)
Founder
Capitals
Erzincan , later also Divriği
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1071–1118)
(1118–1120)
1120–1142
Temporarily incorporated into the Beylik of Danishmends
Erzincan and Kemah Branch Divriği Branch
Mengücekli Süleyman Shah (1142- ?)
1277
Beylik destroyed by Abaka
Important works:
show Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1072–1102)
(1102 - ~1124)
(~1124–1132)
(1132–1168)
(1168–1191)
Mama Hatun (1191–1200)
(1200–1202)
Important works:
in Erzurum
in Tercan
in Tercan
in Erzurum
Erzurum Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) (1147)
show Aydinids (1307–1425)
Founder
Capitals
Birgi , later Ayasluğ
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1307–1334)
Umur Beg (1334–1348)
(? - ?)
(- 1390)
Events
1390
First period of incorporation (by marriage) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik reconstituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1403)
(1403–1405)
İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1425 with intervals )
1425
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
Isabey Mosque in Selçuk (1375)
show Chronology
1392
Incorporation (by conquest) of Kastamonu branch into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I
Important centers and extension:
Sinop
Eflani
Çankırı
Kalecik
Tosya
Araç
Samsun (temporarily )
Dynasty:
(1309 - ~1340)
(1340–1345)
(1340–1361)
(1361–1385)
(1384–1392)
Sinop Dynasty or Isfendiyarid Dynasty :
Isfendiyar Bey (1385–1440)
(1440–1443)
(1443–1461)
Chronology
1461
Incorporation (by surrender) of Sinop branch into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II
show Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
show Dulkadirids (1348- ~1525)
Ancestor
Founder
Capital
Elbistan
Chronology
1443–1525
Increasingly tributary and gradually incorporated into the Ottoman Empire
Important centers and extension:
Maraş
Malatya
Harput
Kayseri
Antep
Dynasty:
(1348–1348)
(1348–1386)
(1386–1396)
(1396–1443)
(1443–1454)
(?-?)
Shah Budak (?-1492)
(?-?)
(1492–1507)
(1507- ~1525)
show
Founder
, brother-in-law of the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia, Timurtash
Capital
Sivas , later Kayseri
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1328–1352)
(1352–1365)
(1365–1380)
(1380–1381)
show Chronology
1326
Beylik destroyed by Demirtaş , the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1288–1302)
(1302–1320)
(1320–1326)
Important works:
show Germiyanids (1300–1429)
Important centers and extension: Dynasty: Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1429)
1414
Recognition of Ottoman sovereignty by under Mehmed I
1429
Second and last incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
show Chronology
1374
Incorporation (by sale of territories) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I and also partially to the Karamanid dynasty.
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(~1280–1324)
(1324–1330)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(? - 1391)
show
Ancestor
from Afshar Oghuz clan
Founder
Kerimeddin Karaman Bey
Capitals
successively Ereğli
Ermenek
Larende (Karaman )
Konya
Mut
Chronology
1398–1402
First incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane
1414–1487
Gradual second incorporation into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed I , Murad II and Mehmed II .
Dynasty:
show Chronology
1374
Incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Beylik under Orhan and Murad I
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1307–1328)
(1328–1345)
(1328–1345)
Süleyman Bey (1345–1360)
show Ladik (~1300–1368)
Ancestor
Founder
Capital
Denizli
Chronology
1368
Re-incorporation (by conquest) into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(~1300 - ~1314)
(~1314 - ?)
(? - ~1360)
Süleyman Bey (1345–1368)
show
Founder
Capitals
Beçin castle and nearby Milas , later also Balat
Important centers and extension Dynasty:
(~1261 - ~1282)
Mesut (~1282 - ~1320)
(~1320 - ~1340)
(~1340 - ~1360)
Chronology
1360
Division between the three sons of Ibrahim Bey: Musa, Mehmed, Ahmed
1390
First incorporation into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1414
Beylik reconstituted by Tamerlane to
1414
Recognition of Ottoman suzereignty under Mehmed I
1424
Final incorporation into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
show Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty: Important works
Muîneddin Pervâne Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) in Tokat (1276)
Pervâne Medrese in Sinop
caravanserai in Durağan (1266)
caravanserai near İhsaniye (1278)
in in Kayseri
Mosque in Merzifon
show Ramadanids (1352–1516)
Founder
from Yüreğir Oghuz clan
Capitals
Adana
Chronology
1516
Icorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Selim I
1516–1608
Dynasty members as Beys of Ottoman sanjak of Adana until 1608.
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1344-?)
(?-1416)
(1416–1417)
(1417–1427)
(1427-?)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(?-1490)
(1490–1511)
(1511–1516)
(?-?)
(1517-?)
show Chronology
1341
Incorporation into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important centers and extension: Dynasty
(1275–1288) and sons
(1288–1341)
Important works:
show Important centers and extension: Dynasty Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1410
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1403)
(1403–1410)
1410
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Mehmed I
show Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1301-?)
(?-1327)
(? - ?)
(?-?)
(~1360 - ~1375)
(~1375–1390)
Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1423
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1423)
1423
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
Yivli Minare Mosque in Antalya (~1375)
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