China Railway
China Railway (CR) | |
Native name | Chinese: 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 |
Formerly | China Railway Corporation (2013–2019) |
Type | State-owned limited company |
Industry | Rail transport |
Predecessor | Ministry of Railways |
Founded |
|
Headquarters | Haidian District, Beijing , China |
Area served | China |
Key people | Lu Dongfu (Chairman) Yang Yudong (General Manager) |
Services | Passenger rail Freight rail |
Revenue | CN¥916.258 billion[nb 1] (2015) |
CN¥53.456 billion[nb 2] (2015) | |
CN¥(32.355 billion) (2015) | |
Total assets | CN¥6.245870 trillion (2015) |
Total equity | CN¥2.150725 trillion (2015) |
Owner | Ministry of Finance |
Number of employees | 2 million approx. (2013) |
Divisions | Railway operations |
Subsidiaries | 16 bureaux 5 companies |
Website | Corporate website Customer portal |
Footnotes / references source[1] |
China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中國國家鐵路集團有限公司 | ||||||
Literal meaning | China State Railway Group Limited Company | ||||||
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Alternative Chinese name | |||||||
Simplified Chinese | 国铁集团 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 國鐵集團 | ||||||
Literal meaning | State Railway Group | ||||||
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China State Railway Group Company, Ltd., doing business as China Railway or CR, is a state-owned sole proprietorship enterprise that undertakes railway passenger and cargo transportation services in the People's Republic of China and is a state-owned industrial enterprise established under the "Law of the People's Republic of China on All-Ownership Industrial Enterprises." The Ministry of Finance acts on behalf of the State Council to perform the duties of shareholders.[2] It used to be part of the now defunct Ministry of Railways. China Railway operates passenger and freight transport via 21 subsidiaries.
China Railway previously had its own railway police force, prosecutors office and system. The police department of the railway is still under the control of the company. The status of the police is civil service of Ministry of Public Security, but they are still paid and managed by the company. [3]
History[]
On June 18, 2019, China Railway Corporation is reorganized as China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. under China's Corporate Law, instead of Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People Law. It means the Ministry of Finance would act as an investor on behalf of the state and the company would be led by a board and managed by board-chosen executives.[4][5]
Logo[]
The China Railway logo was designed by Chen Yuchang (Chinese: 陈玉昶) (1912–1969), officially adopted on 22 January 1950. The whole logo represents the front of a locomotive. The upper part of the logo represents the Chinese character 人 (people), while the lower part represents the transversal surface of a rail. The logo means that China's railway belongs to the people.[6][7][8] The lower part represents the character 工 (labour), means that China's railway belongs to the working class.
The "CR" logo is used on the Fuxing (train) along with the China Railway logo.[9]
Companies[]
There are 21 primary subsidiary companies under China Railway. As of 2008, approximately two million people work in China Railway.
Business | Company | Provinces of operation | Regions of operation |
---|---|---|---|
Passenger | China Railway Harbin Group Company (CR Harbin) |
Northeastern Inner Mongolia(Hulunbuir and part of Xingan League), Heilongjiang | Northeast China |
China Railway Shenyang Group Company (CR Shenyang) |
Liaoning, Jilin, Southeastern Inner Mongolia(Chifeng, Tongliao and part of Xingan League), southern Heilongjiang, northeastern Hebei | ||
China Railway Beijing Group Company (CR Beijing) |
Beijing, Hebei, Tianjin, western Shandong, northern Henan, eastern Shanxi |
North China | |
China Railway Hohhot Group Company (CR Hohhot) |
Inner Mongolia | ||
China Railway Taiyuan Group Company (CR Taiyuan) |
Shanxi | ||
China Railway Jinan Group Company (CR Jinan) |
Shandong | East China | |
China Railway Shanghai Group Company (CR Shanghai) |
Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang | ||
China Railway Nanchang Group Company (CR Nanchang) |
Jiangxi, Fujian, parts of Hubei and Hunan | ||
China Railway Guangzhou Group Company (CR Guangzhou) |
Guangdong, Hunan, Hainan | South China | |
China Railway Nanning Group Company (CR Nanning) |
Guangxi, western Guangdong | ||
China Railway Wuhan Group Company (CR Wuhan) |
Hubei, southern Henan | Central China | |
China Railway Zhengzhou Group Company (CR Zhengzhou) |
Henan, Shanxi | ||
China Railway Chengdu Group Company (CR Chengdu) |
Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, parts of Yunnan and Hubei | Southwest China | |
China Railway Kunming Group Company (CR Kunming) |
Yunnan, parts of Sichuan and Guizhou | ||
China Railway Qingzang Group Company (CR Qingzang) |
Tibet | ||
Qinghai | Northwest China | ||
China Railway Lanzhou Group Company (CR Lanzhou) |
Gansu, Ningxia, parts of Inner Mongolia | ||
China Railway Ürümqi Group Company (CR Ürümqi) |
Xinjiang, parts of Gansu | ||
China Railway Xi'an Group Company (CR Xi'an) |
Shaanxi,northeast Sichuan | ||
Freight | (CRSCS) |
Nationwide | |
(CRE) | |||
(CRCT) |
Second tier subsidiaries[]
Parent | Subsidiary | Operational line |
---|---|---|
CR Guangzhou | Guangshen Railway Company | Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway |
Guangmeishan Railway Company | Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway | |
Sanmao Company | Sanshui–Maoming railway | |
Shichang Railway Company | Shimen–Changsha railway | |
Yuehai Railway Company | Guangdong–Hainan railway | |
CR Kunming | Shuibai Railway Company | Liupanshui–Baiguo railway |
CR Nanchang | Wuyishan Railway Company | Hengfeng–Nanping railway |
Quanzhou Railway Company | Zhangping–Longyan–Kanshi railway | |
Longyan Railway Company | Zhangping–Quanzhou–Xiaocuo railway | |
Xiamen Haicang Railway Company | ||
CR Shanghai | Xiaoyong Railway Company | Xiaoshan–Ningbo railway |
Hejiu Railway Company | Hefei–Jiujiang railway | |
Xinchang Railway Company | Xinyi–Changxing railway | |
Jinwen Railway Company | Jinhua–Wenzhou railway | |
Ningqi Railway Company | Nanjing–Qidong railway | |
Ninghe Railway Company | Hefei–Nanjing passenger railway | |
Hewu Railway Company | Hefei–Wuhan railway | |
CR Taiyuan | Daqin Railway Company | Datong–Qinhuangdao railway |
CR Wuhan | Huhanrong Railway Hubei Company | Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high-speed railway (Hubei section) |
Luofu Railway Company | ||
CR Xi'an | Xiyan Railway Company | Xi'an–Yan'an railway |
CR Zhengzhou | Anli Branch Line Company | |
Tanghe Branch Line Company |
International operations[]
International passenger trains[]
China Railway operates the passenger trains from China to Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, North Korea and Vietnam. Currently all international passenger trains are suspended due to COVID-19 pandemics in Asia.
The Beijing–Pyongyang passenger train with the emblem of China
The Beijing–UlaanBaatar–Moscow passenger train
Services to Europe (New Silk Route)[]
This section needs expansion. You can help by . (January 2017) |
As of 2017 China Railway ran goods services to 15 European cities, including routes to Madrid and Hamburg and the experimental to London to test demand.[10] The Chinese government refers to the two-week 12,000 km (7,500 mi) route, starting at Yiwu and with trains to London traversing Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France, as the Belt and Road Initiative.[11] Containers must be transferred several times, as different, incompatible, rail gauges are used in different regions, and the same rolling stock cannot be used throughout.
Africa[]
China has been investing in and helping to rebuild railways in Africa.[12][13] Below is an incomplete list of rail projects.
Name | Location | Constructed | Company | Cost | Comments & Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
High Plateau line, Algeria | Relizane, Saida, Tiaret, Tissemsilt, Boughezoul to M'Sila, Algeria | 2009–2013 | China Railway Group & China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation | US$2.8bn | [14] |
Benguela Railway | Lobito to Luau, Angola | 2006–2014 | China Railway Construction Corporation Limited | US$1.83bn | Railway was rebuilt following civil war |
Chad Railway | Ngaoundéré, Cameroon to Nyala, Sudan via Moundou, N’Djamena and Abéché in Chad | 2012–ongoing | China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation | US$5.6bn | Construction over three phases |
Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to Djibouti City, Djibouti | 2011–2016 | China Railway Group & China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation | US$4bn | Electric |
Mombasa-Nairobi Railway | Mombasa to Nairobi, Kenya (extended to Naivasha, Kenya in 2016 | 2014–2017 | China Communications Construction | US$3.6bn | [15] |
Kenya–Uganda border | Naivasha, Kisumu to Malaba, Kenya | 2016–ongoing | China Road and Bridge Corporation (subsidiary of China Communications Construction) | US$5.42bn | [16] |
Mali–Guinea Railway | Bamako, Mali to Conakry, Guinea | 2016–ongoing | China Railway Construction Corporation Limited | US$8bn | [17] |
Mali–Senegal Railway | Bamako, Mali to Dakar, Senegal | 2016–ongoing | China Railway Construction Corporation Limited | US$2.7bn | [18] |
Nigeria Coastal Railway | Lagos to Calabar, Nigeria | 2014–ongoing | China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation | US$11.1bn | [19] |
Lagos–Kano Railway | Lagos to Kano, Nigeria | 2011–ongoing, Abuja to completed in 2016 | China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation | US$8.3bn | [20] |
Sudan Railway | Khartoum to Port Sudan, Sudan | 2007–2012, 2014 opened | China Railway Engineering Corporation | US$1.5bn | [21][15] |
TAZARA Railway | Dar es Salaam, Tanzania to Kapiri Mposhi, Zambia | 1970–1975 | Railway Engineering Corps (now CRCC), Ministry of Railways (now CCECC) | US$500m | Currently in need of reinvestment |
Uganda Railway | Malaba, Kampala, Kasese, Uganda to Rwanda and South Sudan | 2015–ongoing | China Harbour Engineering (subsidiary of China Communications Construction) | US$8bn | [22][23][24] |
List of directors general[]
- Sheng Guangzu (2013–2016)
- Lu Dongfu (2016–2018)
- Yang Yudong (2018–)
Footnotes[]
See also[]
- Rail transport in China
- List of locomotives in China
- China Railway High-speed
- MTR
- Passenger rail transport in China
- High-speed rail in China
References[]
- ^ 中国铁路总公司2015年年度报告 [China Railway Corporation 2015 Annual Report] (in Chinese). archive of Shangjai Clearing House. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
- ^ "国家铁路局". www.nra.gov.cn. Retrieved 9 March 2017.
- ^ 铁路公安转制公务员 中铁总公司“企业代管”八万警察 Archived March 20, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, 《中国经营报》,2013-08-31
- ^ "China renames, restructures railway corporation in reform push". Reuters. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
- ^ 樊, 曦 (18 June 2019). "中国国家铁路集团有限公司在京挂牌成立". Xinhuanet (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency.
- ^ "中国铁路标志的设计者——陈玉昶 60年前的标志还是这么简洁、漂亮!_刘逸设计_新浪博客". Blog.sina.com.cn. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ^ "Rologo 标志共和国 | 专注于Logo的网站_Logo设计_Logo欣赏 » 中国铁路标志的设计者——陈玉昶". Rologo.com. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ^ 路徽的来历.
- ^ 天津站的复兴号CR400AF标准动车组.
- ^ Tracy McVeigh (14 January 2017). "Silk Road route back in business as China train rolls into London". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ "Travelling from China to London - BBC News". BBC. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ O'Dowd, Emily. "Special report: How five major African rail projects are supported by China". Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ Kacungira, Nancy (8 June 2017). "Is Kenya's new railway good value for money?". BBC News. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
- ^ "The Report: Algeria 2010 page 165". Oxford Publishing Group. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ a b "Chinese Funded Railways". CNN. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ "Government Signs Commercial Contract for the Nairobi to Malaba SGR Section with CCCC". Kenya Railways. Retrieved 18 January 2017.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Mali signs $11bn agreements with China for new rail projects". Railway Technology. 16 September 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ "China to build major new African railway from Mali to the coast". Global Construction Review. 4 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ "CCECC sign $11.117 billion Lagos-Calabar Rail Contract line". The Guardian. 2 July 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ "Abuja-Kaduna Rail line". Railway Technology. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ "Construction of railway from Khartoum to Port Sudan". Aiddata. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
- ^ David Lumu, and Samuel Balagadde (30 August 2014). "Chinese Firm CHEC Given US$8 Billion Railway Deal". New Vision (Kampala). Retrieved 30 August 2014.
- ^ Jin, Haixing (31 March 2015). "China's Xi Finds Eight Good Reasons to Host Uganda's President". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
- ^ Monitor Reporter, . (30 March 2015). "Museveni Signs Deal With Chinese Company To Construct Kasese Railway Line". Daily Monitor (Kampala). Retrieved 1 April 2015.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
External links[]
- (in English) The official ticketing website for China Railway-12306.cn
- (in English) China Railway Corporation official website
- Railway companies of China
- Companies based in Beijing
- Chinese companies established in 2013
- Railway companies established in 2013
- Chinese brands
- China Railway Corporation
- Government-owned companies of China
- Government-owned railway companies