Foreign relations of Ireland
![]() |
---|
|
The foreign relations of Ireland are substantially influenced by its membership of the European Union, although bilateral relations with the United States and United Kingdom are also important to the state. It is one of the group of smaller nations in the EU, and has traditionally followed a non-aligned foreign policy. Ireland has historically tended towards independence in foreign military policy, thus it is not a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and has a longstanding policy of military neutrality. According to the Irish Defence Forces, the neutrality policy has helped them to be successful in their contributions to United Nations peace-keeping missions since 1960 (in the Congo Crisis) and subsequently in Cyprus, Lebanon and Bosnia and Herzegovina.[1]
Main relationships[]
United Kingdom[]
Since at least the 1100s Ireland has had political connections with the United Kingdom and its predecessor states, with the whole island becoming a part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1801 to 1922. From the time of Ireland became independent from the United Kingdom in 1922, the two countries have been involved in a dispute over the status of Northern Ireland. Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland formerly claimed Northern Ireland as a part of the "national territory", though in practice the Irish government did recognise the UK's jurisdiction over the region.
From the onset of the Troubles in 1969, the two governments sought to bring the violence to an end. The Sunningdale Agreement of 1973 and the Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 were important steps in this process. In 1998, both states signed the Good Friday Agreement and now co-operate closely to find a solution to the region's problems. Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland were amended as part of this agreement, the territorial claim being replaced with a statement of aspiration to unite the people of the island of Ireland. As part of the Good Friday Agreement, the states also ended their dispute over their respective names: Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Each agreed to accept and use the others' correct name.
When the Troubles were raging in Northern Ireland, the Irish Government sought, with mixed success, to prevent the import of weapons and ammunition through its territory by illegal paramilitary organisations for use in their conflict with the security forces in Northern Ireland. In 1973 three ships of the Irish Naval Service intercepted a ship carrying weapons from Libya which were probably destined for Irish Republican paramilitaries.[2] Law enforcement acts such as these additionally improved relations with the government of the United Kingdom. However, the independent judiciary blocked a number of attempts to extradite suspects between 1970 and 1998 on the basis that their crime might have been 'political' and thus contrary to international law at the time.
Ireland is one of the parties to the Rockall continental shelf dispute that also involves Denmark, Iceland, and the United Kingdom. Ireland and the United Kingdom have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area. However, neither have concluded similar agreements with Iceland or Denmark (on behalf of the Faroe Islands) and the matter remains under negotiation. Iceland now claims[3] a substantial area of the continental shelf to the west of Ireland, to a point 49°48'N 19°00'W, which is further south than Ireland.
The controversial Sellafield nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in north-western England has also been a contentious issue between the two governments. The Irish government has sought the closure of the plant, taking a case against the UK government under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. However, the European Court of Justice found that the case should have been dealt with under EU law.[4] In 2006, however, both countries came to a friendly agreement which enabled both the Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland and the Garda Síochána (Irish Police Force) access to the site to conduct investigations.[5]
United States[]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Embassy_of_Ireland_in_Washington_DC.jpg/220px-Embassy_of_Ireland_in_Washington_DC.jpg)
The United States recognised the Irish Free State on 28 June 1924 with diplomatic relations being established on 7 October 1924. In 1927, the United States opened an American Legation in Dublin.[6] Due to the ancestral ties between the two countries, Ireland and the US have a strong relationship, both politically and economically, with the US being Ireland's biggest trading partner since 2000.[7] Ireland also receives more foreign direct investment from the US than many larger nations, with investments in Ireland equal to France and Germany combined and, in 2012, more than all of developing Asia put together.[8]
The use of Shannon Airport as a stop-over point for US forces en route to Iraq has caused domestic controversy in Ireland. Opponents of this policy brought an unsuccessful High Court case against the government in 2003, arguing that this use of Irish airspace violated Irish neutrality.[9] Restrictions such as carrying no arms, ammunition, or explosives, and that the flights in question did not form part of military exercises or operations were put in place to defend Irish neutrality, however allegations have been made against the Central Intelligence Agency that the airport has been used between 30 and 50 times for illegal extraordinary rendition flights to the U.S without the knowledge of the Irish Government, despite diplomatic assurances by the US that Irish airspace would not be used for transport of detainees.[10][11]
In July 2006, the former Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs, Dermot Ahern voiced concern over the 2006 Lebanon War.[12] A shipment of bombs being sent to Israel by the United States was banned using Irish airspace or airfields.[13]
In 1995 a decision was made by the U.S. government to appoint a Special Envoy to Northern Ireland to help with the Northern Ireland peace process. During the 2008 presidential campaign in the United States, however, Democratic Party candidate Barack Obama was reported as having questioned the necessity to keep a US Special Envoy for Northern Ireland. His remarks caused uproar within the Republican Party, with Senator John McCain questioning his leadership abilities and his commitment to the ongoing peace process in Northern Ireland.[14]
As of 2019, Daniel Mulhall is the Irish ambassador to the United States while the position of U.S. ambassador to Ireland is held by Edward F. Crawford.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Diplomatic_relations_of_Ireland.svg/500px-Diplomatic_relations_of_Ireland.svg.png)
China[]
Ireland's official relationship with the People's Republic of China began on 22 June 1979.[15] Following his visit to China in 1999, former Taoiseach Bertie Ahern authorised the establishment of an Asia Strategy.[16] The aim of this Strategy was to ensure that the Irish Government and Irish enterprise work coherently to enhance the important relationships between Ireland and Asia.[16] In recent years due to the rapid expansion of the Chinese economy, China is becoming a key trade partner of Ireland, with over $6bn worth of bilateral trade between the two countries in 2010. In July 2013, the Tánaiste and Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade were invited to China by the Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi on a trade mission to boost both investment and political ties between the two countries.[17]
Ireland has raised its concerns in the area of human rights with China on a number of occasions. On 12 May 2007, during a visit to Beijing, former Taoiseach Brian Cowen (then Minister for Finance) discussed human rights issues with Chinese Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing.[18] Former Tánaiste Mary Coughlan also raised human rights issues and concerns with visiting Chinese Vice-Premier Zeng Peiyan.[18] Ireland also participates in the EU-China Human Rights Dialogue.
Concerning the Taiwan issue, Ireland follows a One-China policy and emphasizes to the Taiwan issue being best settled through dialogue "between the parties concerned". Ireland does not maintain official diplomatic ties with Taiwan although there is a Taipei Representative Office that has a representative function in relation to economic and cultural promotion.
In July 2019, the UN ambassadors from 22 nations, including Ireland, signed a joint letter to the UNHRC condemning China's mistreatment of the Uyghurs as well as its mistreatment of other minority groups, urging the Chinese government to close the Xinjiang re-education camps.[19][20]
Africa[]
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
January 1975[21] |
|
![]() |
24 January 2001[23] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Benin. |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
1 May 2007[26] |
|
![]() |
2004[28] |
|
![]() |
23 April 2007[30] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Cape Verde. |
![]() |
26 June 2018 | Ireland and the Central African Republic established diplomatic relations on 26 June 2018.[31] |
![]() |
30 June 2000[32] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with the Comoros. |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
6 July 2001[35] |
|
![]() |
December 1974[21] | |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Equatorial Guinea. |
![]() |
2002[39] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Eswatini. |
![]() |
1994[40] | See Ethiopia–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
29 May 2001[42] |
|
![]() |
1990[44] |
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
3 May 2000[46] |
|
![]() |
||
![]() |
| |
![]() |
2004[50] |
|
![]() |
1977[52] |
Under Muammar Gaddafi, the prime governor of Libya from 1969 to 2011, relations between both countries were strained due to Gaddaffi's support of the Irish Republican Army. Gaddafi was sympathetic to their cause and also wanted revenge for the US Air Force's bombing attacks on Tripoli and Benghazi in 1986. Between 1984 and 1987 Libya sent the IRA about 1,000 AK47 assault rifles and six tonnes of Semtex explosive alongside other weapons. This shipment ensured The Troubles could continue for many more years, mainly until the Good Friday Agreement of 1998 ended the conflict.[53] |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Madagascar. |
![]() |
2002 | |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Mali. |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Mauritania. |
![]() |
August 2000[56] |
Following the murder of Irish tourist Michaela McAreavey on the island in January 2011, several Irish businesses proposed a boycott of the island due to the questionable trial in which all 3 suspects were acquitted.[58] Another source of discontent was the investigation by the Mauritian authorities. The Major Crime Investigation Team (MCIT), who were in charge, admitted they failed to interview fellow guests at the hotel who were staying close to the room in which the murder occurred. They also failed to preserve the crime scene and did not provide any solid DNA evidence against the accused.[59] As a result, the Irish ambassador to Mauritius conveyed in person to the Prime Minister of Mauritius, Navin Ramgoolam, a formal government to government protest over what happened.[60][61] |
![]() |
19 March 1975[62] |
In November 2012 Morocco recalled its ambassador to Ireland temporarily due to the fact the leader of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Mohamed Abdelaziz, met with top Irish officials, including the President of Ireland Michael D. Higgins and the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Eamon Gilmore. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims sovereignty over Western Sahara, a disputed territory that Morocco also claims to own.[63] |
![]() |
13 June 1996[64] | |
![]() |
1994[66] |
Following Namibia's Independence from South Africa in 1990, Ireland sent 50 Garda officers as well as 20 military observers to the country as part of the United Nations Transition Assistance Group. This group as sent to monitor the peace process and elections taking place there at the time.[67] |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with São Tomé and Príncipe. |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
9 October 1999[69] |
|
![]() |
19 January 2000[71] |
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
1993[74] |
A principled stand against apartheid by Ireland came to prevent the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. As a result, Ireland was the only EU country that did not have full diplomatic relations with South Africa until 1993, when an exchange of ambassadors was agreed with the De Klerk administration in anticipation of the ending of apartheid. |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with South Sudan. |
![]() |
28 March 1984[77] | |
![]() |
1979[78] | |
![]() |
27 June 2018 | Ireland and Togo established diplomatic relations on 27 June 2018.[80] |
![]() |
January 1975[21] |
|
![]() |
1994 |
It was found in November 2012 that €4 million worth of Irish foreign aid was misappropriated by senior officials of the country. Instead of going towards aiding the development of the country, this money was redirected into the personal account of the prime minister of Uganda. The Irish government then halted all aid payments towards Uganda until the money was recouped, which eventually occurred in January 2013.[82] |
![]() |
1965[83] | See Ireland–Zambia relations
|
![]() |
1984 |
Americas[]
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
19 May 2000[85] |
|
![]() |
21 July 1947[87] | See Argentina-Ireland relations
|
![]() |
23 April 2007[89] |
|
![]() |
3 May 2001[91] |
|
![]() |
21 July 2000[93] |
|
![]() |
1999[95] |
|
![]() |
19 September 1975[97] | See Brazil–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
11 September 1939[99] | See Canada–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
See also: Chile–Ireland relations | |
![]() |
10 November 1999[104] | See Colombia–Ireland relations |
![]() |
15 September 2000[107] | |
![]() |
27 October 1999[110] |
|
![]() |
6 July 2001[112] |
|
![]() |
6 July 2009[113] |
|
![]() |
20 October 1999[114] |
|
![]() |
13 July 2000[115] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Grenada. |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
2 February 2000[117] |
|
![]() |
26 January 2012[119] |
|
![]() |
11 December 1999[122] |
|
![]() |
7 December 1997[124] |
|
![]() |
10 January 1974[125] | See Ireland–Mexico relations
|
![]() |
9 September 2003[129] |
|
![]() |
14 February 2001[130] |
|
![]() |
15 January 2001[132] |
|
![]() |
27 June 1999[133] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Saint Kitts and Nevis. |
![]() |
2000[134] |
|
![]() |
10 December 2013[136] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Suriname. |
![]() |
13 December 2000[138] |
|
![]() |
7 October 1924[139] | See above and Ireland–United States relations
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
26 September 1980[142] |
|
Asia[]
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
19 September 2002[143] |
|
![]() |
28 June 1996[144] |
|
![]() |
1 July 1996[147] |
|
![]() |
18 May 1974[149] |
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Bhutan. |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
22 June 1979[150] | See above and China–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
12 September 1996[153] |
Ireland supports EU initiatives to promote peace between Georgia and Russia. Ireland recognises Georgian sovereignty over the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Ireland condemned the decision of Russia to recognise South Ossetia and Abkhazia as independent states.[154] The separatist Parliament of Abkhazia expressly called on Ireland to recognise Abkhaz independence, drawing parallels between Ireland's own historic struggle for independence and international recognition with its own, the Abkhaz Parliament's statement recalling that:[155] "Just like Ireland, Abkhazia has finally acquired long-awaited independence and recognition at the cost of enormous efforts...[Ireland] was de facto independent for a long time, but remained unrecognised. Ireland was the only unrecognised country in Europe until the world's largest country recognised a free parliament of Ireland. And that country was Russia". The parallel the Abkhaz Parliament referred to stems from the fact that the breakaway and largely unrecognised Irish Republic (1919–22), enjoyed some form of recognition from the RSFSR.[citation needed] |
![]() |
1947[156] | See India–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
4 September 1984[157] |
|
![]() |
17 February 1976[158] |
|
![]() |
1979[165] |
|
![]() |
January 1975[166] | See Ireland–Israel relations
In 2010, the Israel Defense Forces forcibly boarded an Irish aid ship destined for the Gaza Strip which resulted in worsened relations, Israel's Mossad was also involved in the counterfeiting of five Irish passports used in an assassination, and 2 members of the Israeli ambassador's security staff in Dublin were subsequently deported.[169] In 2010, there were numerous protests at the Israeli embassy in Ireland over the treatment of Palestinians.[170] |
![]() |
5 March 1957[171] | See Ireland–Japan relations
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
10 April 1992[175] |
|
![]() |
October 1975[21] |
|
![]() |
23 June 2000[176] |
|
![]() |
7 August 1998[177] |
|
![]() |
January 1975[21] |
From 1978 to 2001, a battalion of 580 Irish troops was deployed in Lebanon, rotating every 6 months, as part of the United Nations led force UNIFIL. In all, 30,000 Irish soldiers served in Lebanon over the 23 years. Over the course of this mission 48 Irish soldiers died in Lebanon.[178] |
![]() |
1974[179] |
|
![]() |
7 December 1999[180] |
|
![]() |
22 December 1998[182] |
|
![]() |
10 February 2004[183] |
|
![]() |
19 August 1999[184] |
|
![]() |
10 December 2003[186] | |
![]() |
July 1987[188] |
|
![]() |
See Ireland–Pakistan relations | |
![]() |
2000[189] | See Ireland-Palestine relations
|
![]() |
1984[193] | See Ireland–Philippines relations
|
![]() |
September 1974[194] |
|
![]() |
September 1974[195] |
|
![]() |
2 December 1974[196] |
|
![]() |
4 October 1983[197] | The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Ireland started on 4 October 1983.[198]
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
| |
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with Taiwan. |
![]() |
18 July 2000[201] |
|
![]() |
27 January 1975[202] |
|
![]() |
31 January 2003[203] | |
![]() |
1972[205] | See Ireland–Turkey relations
|
![]() |
16 October 2007[207] |
|
![]() |
1974[208] |
|
![]() |
7 November 1997[210] |
|
![]() |
5 April 1996[211] |
|
![]() |
25 July 2000[214] |
|
Europe[]
Ireland is consistently the most pro-European of EU member states, with 77% of the population approving of EU membership according to a Eurobarometer poll in 2006.[215] Ireland was a founding member of the euro single currency. In May 2004, Ireland was one of only three countries to open its borders to workers from the 10 new member states. EU issues important to Ireland include the Common Agricultural Policy, corporation tax harmonisation and the EU Constitution. The Irish electorate declined to ratify the Treaty of Lisbon in 2008. A second referendum in October 2009 passed the bill, allowing the treaty to be ratified. Before it was ratified Ireland required legal guarantees on issues such as the right of Ireland to remain militarily neutral (and not engage in any kind of "European army"), the right of the state to maintain its low levels of corporation tax and that the treaty would not change the Eighth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland making abortion illegal (since deleted). Ireland has held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union on seven occasions (in 1975, 1979, 1984, 1990, 1996, 2004 and 2013).
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
January 1995[216] |
|
![]() |
18 January 1995[219] |
|
![]() |
1951[citation needed] |
|
![]() |
27 March 1992[225] |
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
27 September 1995[230] |
|
![]() |
11 January 1990[231] | |
![]() |
27 January 1995[234] | See Croatia–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
1985[235] | See Cyprus-Ireland relations
|
![]() |
1 January 1993[238] |
|
![]() |
January 1962[241] | See Denmark–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
10 September 1991[242] |
|
![]() |
2 November 1961[243] |
|
![]() |
1929[246] | See France–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
27 October 1929[249] | See Germany–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
22 January 1975[252] | See Greece–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
||
![]() |
27 November 1929[256] | See Holy See–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
1 October 1976[259] | |
![]() |
3 July 1951[262] | See Iceland–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
1922 | |
![]() |
||
![]() |
11 November 2008[267] | See Ireland–Kosovo relations
|
![]() |
9 October 1991[271] | |
![]() |
1992 |
|
![]() |
2 September 1991[274] |
|
![]() |
20 December 1961[276] |
|
![]() |
13 June 1990[278] |
|
![]() |
See Ireland-Isle of Man relations
| |
![]() |
13 July 1999[283] |
|
![]() |
14 December 2006[285] |
|
![]() |
20 June 2006[286] |
|
![]() |
1945[287] |
|
![]() |
13 December 1994[289] |
|
![]() |
17 February 1950[290] | |
![]() |
30 September 1976[293] | See Ireland–Poland relations
|
![]() |
1942[296] | |
![]() |
18 April 1990[298] | See Ireland–Romania relations |
![]() |
29 September 1973[301] | See Ireland–Russia relations
|
![]() |
13 January 1995[306] |
|
![]() |
1977[307] |
|
![]() |
1 January 1993[308] |
In 2010 Slovak airport security planted actual explosives in the luggage of unsuspecting passengers as part of a security exercise. As result of additional mistakes, the explosives were flown to Dublin, Ireland causing international controversy.[310] Prime Minister Fico refused to dismiss the interior minister after the incident. |
![]() |
25 January 1996[311] | |
![]() |
3 September 1935[314] | See Ireland–Spain relations
|
![]() |
| |
![]() |
1939[318] |
|
![]() |
1 April 1992[320] |
|
![]() |
See Above and Ireland–United Kingdom relations
|
Oceania[]
Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
---|---|---|
![]() |
1945[324] | See Australia–Ireland relations
|
![]() |
27 October 2004[326] |
|
![]() |
19 February 2002[328] |
|
![]() |
September 2000[330] |
|
![]() |
N/A | Ireland does not maintain diplomatic relations with the Marshall Islands. |
![]() |
21 March 2000[332] |
|
![]() |
1965[334] | See Ireland–New Zealand relations
|
![]() |
14 July 2000[338] |
|
![]() |
26 October 2020[340] |
|
![]() |
26 June 2000[341] |
|
![]() |
4 December 2009[342] |
|
![]() |
27 July 2021 | Ireland and Tonga established diplomatic relations on 27 July 2021.[343] |
![]() |
September 2000[330] |
|
![]() |
|
United Nations[]
The United Nations was founded in 1945, but Ireland's membership was blocked by the Soviet Union until 1955,[346] "partly because of Dublin's neutrality" during the Second World War.[347] Since 2017, the Irish ambassador to the UN Office at Geneva has been Michael Gaffey.[348] Ireland has been elected to the UN Security Council as a non-permanent member on three occasions — in 1962, in 1981–1982, in 2001–2002 and most recently in 2021–2022.[349]
Ireland is a member state of the International Criminal Court, having signed the Rome Statute in 1998 and ratified it in 2002.[350]
Irish Aid, the Government of Ireland's programme of assistance to developing countries financed the redesign of the UNV Online Volunteering service website in 2008 and supported its operations from 2007 to 2010, which led to a significant growth in the number of online volunteers and the tasks they completed.[351]
In 2017, Ireland signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.[352]
Peacekeeping missions[]
Ireland has a long history of participation in UN peacekeeping efforts starting in 1958, just three years after joining the UN. As of August 2018, 90 members of the Irish Defence Forces had been killed on peacekeeping missions.[353]
List of major peacekeeping operations:[354]
- June 1958 – December 1958: UNOGIL observer mission to Lebanon
- 1958–present: UNTSO mission to the Middle East
- 1960–1964: ONUC mission to Congo
- 1964–present: UNFICYP mission to Cyprus
- 1973–1974: UNEF II mission to Sinai after the Yom Kippur War
- 1978–present: UNIFIL mission to Lebanon
- 1988–1991: UNIIMOG mission to the Iran-Iraq border following the Iran–Iraq War
- 1993–1995: UNOSOM II "peace enforcement" mission to Somalia
- 1997–2004: SFOR mission to former Yugoslavia
- 1999–present: KFOR mission to Kosovo
- 1999–2000: INTERFET mission to East Timor
- 2003–2018: UNMIL mission to Liberia
- 2008–present: EUFOR Chad/CAR mission to Chad and the Central African Republic
As well as these missions, Irish personnel have served as observers in Central America, Russia, Cambodia, Afghanistan, Namibia, Western Sahara, Kuwait and South Africa.[355]
Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations[]
Ireland was a member state of the British Commonwealth from 1922 until 1949, initially as a Dominion called the Irish Free State from 1922 until 1937, when Ireland adopted a new constitution and changed the name of the state to "Ireland". Although the king was removed from the Constitution in 1936, a republic was only formally declared from 18 April 1949. Under the rules for membership at the time, a republic could not be a member state of the Commonwealth. This was changed a week later with the adoption of the London Declaration.
Since 1998, some people in Ireland have advocated joining the Commonwealth of Nations, most notably Éamon Ó Cuív, Frank Feighan, and Mary Kenny.[356][357]
International organisations[]
Ireland is a member of or otherwise participates in the following international organisations:[358]
|
|
|
Foreign aid[]
Ireland's aid program was founded in 1974, and in 2017 its budget amounted to €651 million.[359] The government had previously set a target of reaching the Millennium Development Goal of 0.7% of Gross National Product in aid by 2012, which was not met as aid was reduced as a result of the Irish financial crisis.[360] Irish development aid is concentrated on eight priority countries: Lesotho, Mozambique, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Zambia, Uganda, Vietnam and East Timor.[361] In 2006, Malawi was announced as the ninth priority country, with a tenth country to follow.[362]
Human rights[]
There have been no serious civil, human or social rights abuses/problems in the State, according to Amnesty International and the U.S. State Department.[363][364] The country consistently comes among the top nations in terms of freedom and rights ratings.
Index | Ranking (Most Recent) | Result |
---|---|---|
Freedom in the World – Political Rights | 1st (Joint) | 1 ("Free") |
Freedom in the World – Civil Liberties | 1st (Joint) | 1 ("Free") |
Index of Economic Freedom | 9th | 76.9 ("Mostly Free") |
Worldwide Press Freedom Index Ranking | 15th | −4.00 ("Free") |
Global Peace Index | 6th (Joint) | 1.33 ("More Peaceful") |
Democracy Index | 12th | 8.79 ("Full Democracy") |
International Property Rights Index | 13th (Joint) | 7.9 |
Corruption Perceptions Index | 16th (Joint) | 7.7 |
Fragile States Index | 170th (7th from the bottom) | 26.5 ("Sustainable") |
See also[]
- Ireland–NATO relations
- Common Travel Area
- List of diplomatic missions in Ireland
- List of diplomatic missions of Ireland
- Message to the Free Nations of the World
References[]
- ^ "Ireland and the United Nations". Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
- ^ "The Claudia". An Phoblacht. 21 July 2005. Archived from the original on 3 February 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
- ^ "Dóms- og kirkjumálaráđuneyti : Reglugerđ varđandi afmörkun landgrunnsins til vesturs, í suđur og til austurs". Reglugerd.is. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Irish Government must pursue Sellafield case via EU Archived 1 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine — European Parliament press release, 8 June 2006.
- ^ "Irish Sellafield appeal ruled illegal". The Guardian. 30 May 2006. Retrieved 27 October 2013.
- ^ "Ireland – Countries – Office of the Historian". History.state.gov. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Ireland Trade Visualization". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ "Ireland ranked as fourth largest destination for investment from US companies". Irish Central. 7 October 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ Horgan v. An Taoiseach & others IEHC 64 (28 April 2003) — High Court judgement in the unsuccessful case brought by Ed Horgan
- ^ "US report accuses Ireland of collusion in 'extraordinary rendition' flights". BreakingNews.ie. 5 February 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ Simon Carswell (22 December 2014). "Bush assured Irish State Shannon not used for rendition flights". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ "Israeli envoy to pass on Irish concerns". RTÉ. 27 July 2006. Retrieved 27 July 2006.
- ^ Barnes, Eddie; Macleod, Murdo (30 July 2006). "Irish refused bombs sent to Prestwick airport". Edinburgh: The Scotsman.
- ^ "Obama seeks to recover from Irish blunder". Republican News. 5 September 2008. Retrieved 28 October 2013.
- ^ Centre for Asian Studies, University Collete Dublin, China the Emerging Power: Prospects for Sino-Irish Relations, By Keisha Carty, Asia Correspondent, The Irish Times
- ^ Jump up to: a b Irish Department of Foreign Affairs: a Decade of the Asia Strategy
- ^ "Tánaiste begins four-day political and economic mission to China". Department of Foreign Affairs. 29 July 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Oireachtas: WRITTEN answer on Wednesday, 31 January 2007. Ref No: 43859/06
- ^ "Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?". The Diplomat. 15 July 2019.
- ^ "More than 20 ambassadors condemn China's treatment of Uighurs in Xinjiang". The Guardian. 11 July 2019.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Miller, Rory (2005). Ireland and the Palestine Question: 1948-2004. p. 84.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Ireland – Migration and Diversity" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Angola and Ireland as of 24 Jan. 2001". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Department of Foreign Affairs International Relations". Kildare Street. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic List Ireland" (PDF). Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Burkina Faso and Ireland as of 1 May 2007". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Burkina Faso". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Ireland in Burundi". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Ireland in Burundi and Eritrea". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Cameroon and Ireland as of 23 Apr. 2007". United Nations Digital Library. 23 April 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ Republic, Central African (26 June 2018). "Diplomatic relations between Central African Republic and Ireland as of 26 June 2018". United Nations Digital Library System. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Chad as of 30 June 2000". United Nations Digital Library. 30 June 2000. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "EUFOR TCHAD/RCA". Oireachtas. 5 March 2009. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Irish Aid Annual report 2011" (PDF). Irish Aid. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Djibouti and Ireland as of 6 July 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 6 July 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Djibouti". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Department of Foreign Affairs". Embassyofireland.org.eg. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
- ^ "Egyptian embassy in Dublin". Embegyptireland.ie. Archived from the original on 1 February 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2011.
- ^ "Ireland in Burundi and Eritrea". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Ireland-Ethiopia relations". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Visit by the President of Ireland to the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Gambia as of 29 May 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 29 May 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Gambia". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Ambassador presents credentials in Ghana". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Guinea Bissau". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ d'Ivoire, Côte (3 May 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Côte d'Ivoire and Ireland as of 3 May 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Ivory Coast". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Ireland-Kenya Relations". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "President's 12-day visit to South Africa starts in Lesotho". Irish Times. 12 June 2006. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Liberian Irish relations". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "UN asks Ireland to keep troops in Liberia". Irish Times. 15 March 2006. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ FitzGerald, Mary (22 February 2011). "Trade one of our many links with Libyans". The Irish Times. Dublin. ISSN 0791-5144. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Libyan arms helped the IRA to wage war". Telegraph UK. 4 April 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Malawi". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Ireland and Africa: President Higgins reflects a relationship in transition". Irish Times. 21 November 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ "Presentation of Letter of Credence to Ireland". Government of Mauritius. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "Irish Census 2011" (PDF). p. 105. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ "Please don't boycott Mauritius over Michaela's killing, says Rosanna". Irish Independent. Dublin. 21 July 2012. ISSN 0021-1222.
- ^ "Michaela McAreavey murder trial: the major talking points". The Journal. 13 July 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Irish Ambassador to Mauritius meets with Prime Minister Ramgoolam". Department of Foreign Affairs. 20 July 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Government to make formal complaint to Mauritius". RTÉ. 17 July 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ Díosbóireachtaí Párlaiminte: Tuairisc Oifigiúil 268. Oireachtas. 1986. p. 2335.
- ^ "TDs stumble into Gilmore's desert storm". Irish Independent. 7 November 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Mozambique and Ireland as of 13 June 1996". United Nations Digital Library. 13 June 1996. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ Jump up to: a b "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Mozambique". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Ireland in Zambia 2018–2022" (PDF). www.dfa.ie. p. 1. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Relations with Namibia – Written Answers". Dáil Éireann. 12 May 1998. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Niger". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "President Faure meets President of Ireland". 10 June 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Seychelles". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ^ Leone, Sierra (19 January 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Sierra Leone and Ireland as of 19 Jan. 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Embassy's History in Sierra Leone". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Time up in Somalia". RTÉ. 12 October 1994. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Ireland-South Africa Exhibition in Cape Town, 12 - 30 October 2018". 9 October 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Pretoria". Embassyireland.org.za. 9 February 2009. Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "CSO Emigration" (PDF). Census Office Ireland. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
- ^ Daily Report: Middle East & Africa. Index. NewsBank. 1985. p. 214.
- ^ "Tanzania & Irish relations". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Tanzania". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Ireland and Togo as of 27 June 2018". United Nations Digital Library System. 27 June 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- ^ "Uganda Business and Tourist FAQs". visafirst.ie. Archived from the original on 3 September 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ "€4m of Irish Aid to Uganda diverted in 'sophisticated fraud'". The Irish Independent. 24 November 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2013.
- ^ "Ireland-Zambia relations". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Zimbabwe". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
- ^ Barbuda, Antigua and (19 May 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Antigua and Barbuda and Ireland as of 19 May 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Antigua & Barbuda". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Law and Treaty Series. No. 1-52 (4 ed.). Pan American Union. 1954. p. 29.
- ^ "– Ireland-Argentina Working Holiday Agreement Frequently Asked Questions" (PDF). Department of Foreign Affairs. 19 March 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Ireland and Bahamas as of 23 Apr. 2007". United Nations Digital Library. 23 April 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Bahamas". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Barbados and Ireland as of 3 May 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 3 May 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Barbados". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Belize and Ireland as of 21 July 2000". 21 July 2000. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Belize". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 9 Oct 2008 Vol. 663 No. 2". Oireachtas. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Evo Morales arrives for 'historic visit'". Irish Times. 7 November 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Relatório, 1975 (in Portuguese). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. 1975. p. 140. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Brazilian-Irish Relations". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". cgai.ca. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Canada". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
- ^ Chile, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de. "Embajada de Chile en Irlanda – Chile Abroad". Chile Abroad. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
- ^ Department of Foreign Affairs. "Embassy of Ireland in Chile". Dfa.ie. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ "Ever think about a working holiday in Chile?". Irish Times. 19 January 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Ambassador in Ireland". Government of Colombia. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Embassy of Ireland in Colombia". Dfa.ie. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ "Embassy of Colombia in Ireland" (in Spanish). Irlanda.embajada.gov.co. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ Rica, Costa (15 September 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Costa Rica and Ireland as of 15 Sept. 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Countries in which Ireland is also represented by the Embassy in Mexico Archived 20 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Embassy of Ireland. Retrieved: 2013-10-19.
- ^ "Higgins all kitted out as he backs Costa Rica". Irish Times. 2 July 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Welcome to Ireland, dear President Miguel Díaz-Canel". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Adams visits Cuba". Sinn Féin. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Dominica and Ireland as of 6 July 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 6 July 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "RD establece relaciones diplomáticas con Irlanda" (in Spanish). Diario libre. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Between Ecuador and Ireland as of 20 Oct. 1999". United Nations Digital Library. 20 October 1999. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Presidente de Irlanda visita El Salvador, 32 años después de participar en pacificación del país" (in Spanish). Nodal. 24 October 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Higgins urges El Salvador to reject 'amnesia about the past'". Irish Times. 24 October 2013. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Guyana as of 2 Feb. 2000". United Nations Digital Library. 2 February 2000. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Ireland and Haiti as of 26 Jan. 2012". United Nations Digital Library. 26 January 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Irish Aid Report 2014" (PDF). Irish Aid. p. 61. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Irish NGOs capture their roles in Haiti earthquake response" (PDF). Dochas. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2017. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ Marco Antonio Sáenz Suazo; Marco Antonio Suazo Fernández (2006). Honduras en las Naciones Unidas: nuestra historia (in Spanish). p. 448.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Honduras". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Jamaica. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Celebrating 40 years of Diplomatic Relations". Department of Foreign Affairs of Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Mexico – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Dfa.ie. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Inicio". Embamex.sre.gob.mx. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "President Michael D Higgins lays wreath in Mexico City". Irish Times. 21 October 2013. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Nicaragua and Ireland as of 9 Sept. 2003". United Nations Digital Library. 9 September 2003. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Panama as of 14 Feb. 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 14 February 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Panama". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Paraguay as of 15 May 2001". United Nations Digital Library. 15 May 2001. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Ricardo V. Luna presenta cartas credenciales como embajador de Perú ante Irlanda" (in Spanish). andina. 26 February 2008. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "List of countries with which Saint Lucia has established Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Saint Lucia". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "In April 30, 2015 His Excellency Cenio Lewis, High Commissioner of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines to the United Kingdom presented Letters of Credence to His Excellency Michael D. Huggins..." Facebook. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Commerce. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
- ^ "SVG Establishes Diplomatic Relations with Ireland" (PDF). Saint Vincent Consulate. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ Tobago, Trinidad and (13 December 2000). "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Trinidad and Tobago as of 13 Dec. 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Ireland". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the United States". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Top ten facts on Irish Americans from the US Census Bureau". Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ Libro amarillo de la República de Venezuela: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela. 1983. p. 217.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Afghanistan and Ireland as of 19 Sept. 2002". United Nations Digital Library. 19 September 2002. Retrieved 30 October 2020. Cite journal requires
|journal=
(help) - ^ "Bilateral relations - Ireland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Armenian embassy in London (also accredited to Ireland)". Armenianembassy.org.uk. Archived from the original on 21 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Sofia (also accredited to Armenia)". Embassyofireland.bg. 28 September 2009. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Republic of Ireland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 3 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Missions and representations accredited to Ireland" (PDF). Department of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "Bilateral relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bahrain. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Bilateral Relations between China and Ireland". Embassy of China in Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "China - Department of Foreign Affairs". www.dfa.ie. Archived from the original on 13 March 2009.
- ^ "Chinese embassy in Dublin". Ie.chineseembassy.org. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Relations between Georgia and Ireland". Embassy of Georgia in Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Opening Statement by Minister For Foreign Affairs to the Joint Committee on European Affairs – 9 September 2008". Foreignaffairs.gov.ie. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Abkhazia asks Ireland and Belarus to recognise independence". Russiatoday.ru. 13 October 2008. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "India - Ireland relations" (PDF). Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Indonesian - Irlandia relations". Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Ireland Today 879-941. Information Section, Department of Foreign Affairs. 1976. p. 24.
- ^ "Government can't afford €500,000 embassy in Iran – Tánaiste". Irish Times. 2 July 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ "Ireland to Reopen Its Embassy in Iran: Foreign Minister". Iran Front Page. 21 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
- ^ "Iranian, Irish FMs Discuss Ties, JCPOA". Tasnim News Agency. 21 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
- ^ "Video conference of the Foreign Ministers of Iran and Ireland". Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
- ^ "Ireland to re-open Tehran embassy by end of 2023, Government decides". 2 March 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group". Military.ie. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Dáil Éireann díospóireacht - Dé Céadaoin, 24 Beal 2006 Vol. 620 No. 2". Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Tel Aviv". Embassyofireland.co.il. 11 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Israeli embassy in Dublin". Dublin.mfa.gov.il. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Dubai suspects had five fake Irish passports". RTÉ News. 18 February 2010.
- ^ "Ireland asks Israel for safe passage of another ship with aid for Gaza". CNN. 27 May 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- ^ "The 50th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Embassy of Japan in Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Tokyo". Embassyofireland.jp. 19 August 2010. Archived from the original on 3 August 2012. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Japanese embassy in Dublin". Ie.emb-japan.go.jp. 7 January 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "King returns home after UK, Ireland visit". Jordan Times. 6 February 2016. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Countries which has established Diplomatic Relations with Kazakhstan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kyrgyzstna. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Laos. Archived from the original on 5 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Camp Shamrock celebrates for last time as peacekeepers' mission ends". Irish Independent. 17 March 2001. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Ireland - Malaysia relations". Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "List of the Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations with Dates". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Maldives". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic and consular list" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Mongolia. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations". Embassy of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar in Brazil. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nepal. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Ireland provides increased humanitarian support in response to Nepal earthquakes". Department of Foreign Affairs. 19 May 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
- ^ "DPRK Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). p. 7. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Reilly, Gavan. "A closer look: the links between Ireland and North Korea". The Journal. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Oman 1989. Ministry of Information, Sultanate of Oman. 1989. p. 34.
- ^ "Palestinian-Irish Relations - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". www.dfa.ie. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Palestinian Authority". dfa.ie. Retrieved 16 March 2021. "Diplomatic and Consular Information for the Palestinian Authority."
- ^ "Mission of Palestine in Ireland". Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ Riordan, John (27 September 2011). "Gilmore backs Palestinian bid for UN membership". Irish Examiner. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
- ^ "Ireland to open Embassy in Manila". 4 February 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Tuesday, 27 Nov 2007 Vol. 642 No. 3". Oireachtas. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 5 Jun 1975 Vol. 281 No. 10 Share this page". Oireachtas. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and consular list". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore. Retrieved 30 October 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Bilateral Relations". Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 July 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Republic of Korea - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Dfa.ie. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ "주 아일랜드 대한민국 대사관". overseas.mofa.go.kr.
- ^ "Relations of Tajikistan with Ireland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Tajikistan. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Foreign Affairs Bulletin. Department of Information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand. 1970. p. 35. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations between Timor-Leste and Ireland as of 31 Jan. 2003". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Our Partner Countries – Timor Leste". Irish Aid. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
- ^ "Ireland-Turkey relations". Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı Embassy of the Republic of Turkey". dublin.be.mfa.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 15 August 2011.
- ^ "States with which Turkmenistan has established diplomatic relations with". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkmenistan. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Ireland - UAE relations". Archived from the original on 4 November 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Ireland – UAE Relations". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations of Uzbekistan". Embassy of Uzbekistan in Spain. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Promoting Vietnam-Ireland cooperation". Vow Wrold Vietnam. 7 November 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Irish Ministry of Foreign Affairs: direction of the Irish embassy in Hanoi". Dfa.ie. 29 July 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Vietnamese embassy in London (also accredited to Ireland)". Vietnamembassy.org.uk. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Yemen and Ireland as of 25 July 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ Standard Eurobarometer 65 Archived 16 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine "Question QA11a: Generally speaking, do you feel that (OUR COUNTRY'S) membership of the European Union is...? Answers: A good thing." Survey conducted May–July 2006, published July 2006.
- ^ "Albanian foreign minister leaves for Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "DFA - Diplomatic and Consular Information for Albania". Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "DFA Diplomatic List" (PDF). July 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "Bilateral Relations of Andorra (Europe)" (in Catalan). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
- ^ "Ireland in Andorra". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ "Andorran Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Ireland". Exteriors.ad. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
- ^ "DFA - Diplomatic and Consular Information for Austria". Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "Seanad Éireann — Volume 116 – 09 July, 1987". Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas. pp. [2166]. Archived from the original on 2 December 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
- ^ "McAleese State visit to Austria". Radio Telefís Éireann. 19 July 2006. Retrieved 21 November 2008.
- ^ "Political dialogue". Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "DFA - Diplomatic and Consular Information for Belarus". Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "DFA - Diplomatic and Consular Information for Belgium". Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- ^ "Addresses of Belgian Embassies and Consulates abroad". Diplomatie.belgium.be. 23 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "Belgian Relations in Western Europe". Kingdom of Belgium Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ "Lista zemalja koje su priznale Bosnu i Hercegovinu i datumi uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (in Bosnian). 2010.
- ^ "Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Bulgaria". Embassyofireland.bg. 18 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Bulgarian embassy in Ireland". Archived from the original on 29 May 2013.
- ^ "Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "The Embassy's History". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Cypriot president begins three-day visit to Ireland". The Irish Times. 28 November 2005. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ "Irish Army on Facebook". Irish Army. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "History of diplomatic relations between the Czech Republic and Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Prague". Embassyofireland.cz. Archived from the original on 17 May 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Czech embassy in Dublin". Mzv.cz. 30 April 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Ireland today (2). Information Section, Dept. of Foreign Affairs. 1983. p. 177.
Diplomatic relations with Denmark were established on a non-residential basis in January 1962 and the first resident Ambassador presented his credentials in May 1970. Although this was the first visit of an Irish Head of State
- ^ "Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Finland and Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Helsinki". Embassyofireland.fi. 7 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Finish embassy in Dublin". Finland.ie. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Arnold, Edward. "Irish Neutrality between Vichy France and de Gaulle, 1940-45". p. 4. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Paris". Embassyofireland.fr. Archived from the original on 18 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Consular Agencies". Ambassade de France en Irlande – French Embassy in Ireland. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
- ^ "90 years diplomatic relations between Ireland and Germany". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Berlin". Embassyofireland.de. 13 December 2009. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "German embassy in Dublin". Dublin.diplo.de. Archived from the original on 15 November 2006. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Greece's bilateral relations". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Athens". Embassyofireland.gr. 30 September 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Jersey and Guernsey still shine as sun sets on offshore tax havens". The Telegraph. 9 April 2009.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Tax Information Exchange Agreements". Irish Tax and Customs. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
- ^ "Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Vatican stunned by Irish embassy closure". Reuters. 4 November 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ "Early Papal Welcome for new Irish Vatican ambassador". Irish Catholic. 4 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ Magyar külpolitikai évkönyv (in Hungarian). 1976. p. 47.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Budapest". Embassyofireland.hu. 22 April 2010. Archived from the original on 24 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Hungarian embassy in Dublin". Mfa.gov.hu. Archived from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Halldór Ásgrímsson (2000). "Ljósmyndasýning í tilefni af 60 ára afmæli utanríkisþjónustunnar 10. apríl 2000" (PDF) (in Icelandic). p. 22. Retrieved 2 September 2019.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Copenhagen (also accredited to Iceland)". Embassyofireland.dk. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Icelandic embassy in London (also accredited to Ireland)". Iceland.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Rome". Embassyofireland.it. 21 May 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Italian embassy in Dublin". Ambdublino.esteri.it. 19 May 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Gëzim Visoka (2018). Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 219. ISBN 9781138285330.
- ^ "Minister for Foreign Affairs Dermot Ahern TD Announces Ireland's recognition of the Republic of Kosovo" (Press release). Department of Foreign Affairs. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 5 March 2008. Retrieved 29 February 2008.
- ^ "Ambassador Hamiti handed the credentials to the President of Ireland". Kosovo MFA. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ "Kosovo Force" (PDF). NATO. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Latvian embassy in Dublin". Am.gov.lv. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Liechtenstein Embassy Contacts and Tourist Office". worldtravels.com. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Lithuanian embassy in Dublin". Ie.mfa.lt. Archived from the original on 6 March 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "The Embassy's History". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Luxembourg City". Embassyofireland.lu. 15 September 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Opening Statement by the Hon. Carmelo Abela, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade Promotion of Malta, for the meeting with the Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs and Trade and Defence, and the Joint Committee on European Union Affairs" (PDF). 20 February 2019. p. 2. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Maltese Embassy of Ireland". Embassy of Ireland. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "Malta's Air Wing conducts training with the Irish Air Corps". Flying in Ireland. 17 March 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
- ^ "New tax agreement marks new phase in Irish relations". Isle of Man Today. 24 April 2008. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013.
- ^ "Island to give Sellafield joint-presentation". isleofman.com. 8 February 2008.
- ^ "Irlanda - Relaţii diplomatice" (in Romanian). Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Moldovan embassy in London (also accredited to Ireland)". Moldovanembassy.org.uk. 11 August 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007" (in French). p. 44. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ Government of Montenegro. "Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa". Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
- ^ "NEtheralnds - Irish Relations". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in The Hague". Irishembassy.nl. Archived from the original on 1 June 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Билатерални односи" (in Macedonian). Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Norges opprettelse av diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater" (PDF). Government of Norway (in Norwegian). p. 6. Retrieved 1 September 2019.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Oslo". Embassyofireland.no. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Norwegian embassy in Dublin". Norway.ie. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Poland in Ireland". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Warsaw". Embassyofireland.pl. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
- ^ "Polish embassy in Dublin". Dublin.polemb.net. Archived from the original on 12 November 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "The Embassy's History". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Lisbon". Embassyofireland.pt. 20 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Brief history". Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Bucharest". Embassyofireland.ro. 9 February 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Romanian embassy in Dublin". Dublin.mae.ro. 13 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Marshinin. ПОЛИТИчЕСКАЯ ГЕОГРАФИЯ (PDF) (in Russian and English). p. 15. Retrieved 1 November 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Embassy of Ireland in Moscow". dfa.ie. 2 January 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
- ^ "Embassy of the Russian Federation in Dublin". Ireland.ru. Archived from the original on 27 August 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ Irish-Soviet diplomatic and friendship relations, 1919-80. Maynooth University. 2014. pp. 20–26.
- ^ "Draft of proposed Treaty between the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic and the Republic of Ireland (Copy) May 1920". Retrieved 29 January 2018.
- ^ "Trattati Internazionali - Accordi Bilaterali con altri Stati" (in Italian). Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Ирска" (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Írsko" (in Slovak). Retrieved 1 November 2020.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Bratislava". Embassyofireland.sk. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ [1] Archived 18 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Priznanja in diplomatski odnosi" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia (in Slovenian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
- ^ "Website of the Irish embassy in Ljubljana". Embassyofireland.si. 9 February 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Slovenija po osmih letih znova odpira veleposlaništvo na Irskem". RTVSLO.si.
- ^ Díosbóireachtaí Párlaiminte: Tuairisc Oifigiúil 65. Oireachtas. 1937. p. 485.
- ^ "Irish embassy in Madrid". Irlanda.es. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Spanish embassy in Dublin". Maec.es. Archived from the original on 22 October 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Travel Advice in Spain". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "Bilateral Trade between Switzerland and Ireland". Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ "Key Data about Ireland". Switzerland Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "European countries". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ Embassy of Ireland in Ukraine
- ^ "Ukrainian embassy in Dublin". Mfa.gov.ua. 3 August 2010. Archived from the original on 7 November 2009. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Great Britain". Department of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
- ^ "Ireland - Australia: 70 Years of Diplomatic Relations". Department of Foreign Affairs of Ireland. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Australia embassy in Dublin". Ireland.embassy.gov.au. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "FSM Diplomatic Relations List". Government of the Federated States of Micronesia.
- ^ "Federated States of Micronesia establishes Diplomatic Relations with Ireland". Federated States of Micronesia Government. 27 October 2004. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Formal diplomatic relations list" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ^ "Establishment of Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of Ireland". Fiji High Commission. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Dáil Éireann debate - Tuesday, 24 Oct 2000 Vol. 524 No. 5". Oireachtas. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Kiribati". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic relations between Ireland and Nauru as of 21 Mar. 2000". United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Nauru". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ New Zealand External Relations Review (35-36). Ministry of External Relations and Trade of New Zealand. 1985. p. 53. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
- ^ New Zealand to open embassy in Dublin, Newstalk, 24 March 2017
- ^ New Zealand opens Irish embassy in Dublin, Newstalk, 12 November 2018
- ^ "Ireland". NZ Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade.
- ^ "Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Palau". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Honour to welcome High Commissioner, Papua New Guinea, John Ma'o Kali, CMG OBE to sign a communiqué establishing diplomatic relations". Twitter. Irish embassy in Australia. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
- ^ "Countries with Established Diplomatic Relations with Samoa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade - Samoa. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
- ^ "Solomon Islands Diplomatic and Consular List". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and External Trade of Solomon Islands. 1 June 2020. p. 37. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "Amb @AdrianGONeill was delighted to welcome H.E. The Hon. Titilupe Fanetupouvava'u Tu'ivakano of the Kingdom of Tonga to the Embassy to sign a note formalising the establishment of diplomatic relations - signifying the strong ties of friendship between our two island nations". Twitter. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Tuvalu". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ "Diplomatic and Consular Information for Vanuatu". Department for Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ SUM Incorporated. "Lester Pearson's Role in the UN & FAO". Unac.org. Archived from the original on 26 August 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "What would Scottish independence mean at the UN?", BBC, 10 September 2014
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Ireland wins seat on UN Security Council". BBC News. 17 June 2020.
- ^ International Criminal Court: Ireland — retrieved 13 November 2006 Archived 23 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons". United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017.
- ^ UN Peacekeeping, "Total Fatalities since 1948", Nationality: Ireland. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ Defence Forces Service Overseas: List of Missions Archived 15 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine — from the Irish Defence Forces website. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
- ^ Overseas Service: Ireland and the United Nations Archived 14 November 2006 at the Wayback Machine — from the Irish Defence Forces website. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
- ^ "More calls for Govt to rejoin Commonwealth". Ireland Online News. 15 May 2007. Archived from the original on 12 January 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
- ^ Feighan, Frank. "Is it now time for Ireland to consider rejoining the Commonwealth?". TheJournal.ie. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
- ^ CIA – The World Factbook – Ireland — CIA World Factbook entry. Retrieved 15 November 2006.
- ^ "Budget 2017: State to increase overseas aid spending to €651m". The Irish Times. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
- ^ Ireland’s Overseas Aid Increases by 11.4% — Irish government press release, 4 April 2006.
- ^ Irish Aid: Frequently Asked Questions — Irish government website. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
- ^ Irish government white paper on aid — Irish government white paper, 2006
- ^ "Amnesty International – Ireland". Amnesty.org. 12 February 1989. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
- ^ "US Department of State – Human rights in Ireland, 2007". State.gov. 11 March 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
External links[]
- Department of Foreign Affairs official site
- Irish Treaty Series "All treaties published in the Irish Treaty Series since 2002 are available in pdf format on this site. A limited number of selected treaties published in earlier years is also available"
- Foreign relations of Ireland
- Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations