Fossils of Egypt

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Egypt has many fossil-bearing geologic formations, in which many dinosaurs have been discovered.

Scientists[]

• Ernst Stromer
• , early 1900s, (he died in Sinnuris of Giza in 1916)
• . Fayoum 1845
• George Schweinfurth, Geziret al-Qarn in Lake Qarun 1879 & Qasr al-Sagha Formation ancient whale fossils named Zeuglodom osiris.
• Fayoum in 1898
• Charles Andrews, 1901, they unearthed a wealth of fossils Palaeomastodon, the oldest known elephant
• , Fayoum 1905
• Walter Granger & Henry F. Osborn, Fayoum 1907
• Wendell Phillips 1947
• Elwyn L. Simons, Fayoum 1961- 1986
• , 1980s

Fossils[]

Petrified Wood[]

Fayoum, Petrified wood protectorate in New-Cairo Area/ Cairo-Suez desert road & entire Western Desert of Egypt is covered in Petrified wood.

This is one of the clues that the region was a tropical climate. The petrified wood is very diverse and many samples are very beautiful, often actually littering the ground in certain areas.

Reptiles[]

• Turtle fossils in Fayoum
  • , a large land tortoise
  • river turtle
  • tropical land turtles
• Gigantic snake fossils found in the Qasr al-Sagha Formation.
  • Gigantophis
• Tomistoma, a crocodile type animal.

Birds[]

The area of Uganda bordering Lake Victoria and the upper Nile River area is not unlike the climate of the Fayoum long ago, where many bird fossils have been discovered.

• ospreys (Pandionidae)
• Gigantic shoebilled stork (Balaenicipitidae)
• jacanas, sometimes called lily-trotters (Jacanidae)
• herons, egrets, rails (Rallidae)
• cranes (Gruidae)
• flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)
• storks (Ciconiidae)
• cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae)
• An ancient eagle named Accipitridae

Mammals[]

• large Hyrax ()
• Elephants
• mastodons
• or Zeuglodon or more precisely the Basilosaurus in Fayoum's (or wadi al-Hitan, Whale Valley)
• Another whale in Wadi Zeuglodon is the Dorudon
• Primitive whale from Fayum Depression Phiomicetus
• Arsinoitherium, a rhinoceros like animal with two horns
  • Arsinoitherium zitteli
• Elephants (mastodons) in Fayoum
  • Moeritherium in Fayoum, and in
  • Palaeomastodon
• Apterodon
• Pterodon
• Hyaenodon
• Sirenia (Sea Cow)

Primates[]

The Fayoum primates

• The Lower sequence primates
  • Oligopithecus savagei
  • Qatrania wingi
• The upper sequence primates
  • Catopithecus browni
  • Oligopithecus
  • Apidium moustafai
  • Apidium phiomense
• Parapithecus fraasi
• Parapithecus grangeri
• Aegyptopithecus zeuxis
• Propliopithecus, (P. chirobates, P. ankeli, P. haeckeli and P. markgrafi)

Dinosaurs[]

• Aegyptosaurus
• Bahariasaurus
• Carcharodontosaurus
• Deltadromeus
• ‘’Inosaurus’’
• Mansourasaurus
• Paralititan
• Spinosaurus

Fossil sites[]

• Wadi Al-Hitan
• Bahariya Formation
• Jebel Qatrani Formation
• Nubian Sandstone
• Qasr el Sagha Formation
• Moghra Oasis

See also[]

• List of African dinosaurs

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fossils of Egypt.

External links[]

• http://www.fossils.duke.edu/Publication%20Links/2005_Simons_EoceneAndOligoceneMammals.pdf