International reactions to the 2020 United States presidential election

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International reactions to the November 7, 2020, announcements by major news networks that the Democratic politicians Joe Biden and Kamala Harris had won the 2020 United States presidential election emerged from around the world, including individuals, sovereign states, and other institutions.^[1] Numerous foreign leaders have sent Biden and Harris messages of optimism about working together.

Intergovernmental and international organizations[]

Congratulations to Democrats[]

• African Union – Chairperson of the African Union Commission Moussa Faki (2017–present)^[2]
• Alliance of Democracies – The Alliance of Democracies congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "Congratulations to President elect @JoeBiden. We've been proud to work with the President-elect as a founder member of our Transatlantic Commission on Election Integrity. We look forward to working with the Biden/Harris Administration to #DefendDemocracy around the world."^[3]
•  Caribbean Community – Chairman Ralph Gonsalves (2020–present)^[4]
• Central Tibetan Administration
  • President Lobsang Sangay (2012–present)^[5]
  • former Head of the Central Tibetan Administration Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama (1959–2012)^[6]
•  European Union
  • EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen (2019–present)^[7]
  • President of the European Council Charles Michel (2019–present)^[7]
  • High Representative of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell (2019–present); Borrell called Biden's victory a "Great day for [the] US and Europe" and shared his hopes "to rebuild" the US–EU partnership.^[8]
• Humanists International – President Andrew Copson (2015–present); Copson congratulated Biden, writing: "Oh the relief. Our long global nightmare may not yet be over but we know now that lawless nationalist populism can be defeated at the ballot – and defeated not by opposite extremists but by liberal democratic internationalists. Best of luck to @JoeBiden @SenKamalaHarris"^[9]
• Liberal International – President Hakima El Haite (2018–present); Haite congratulated Biden, writing: "On behalf the global liberal family I extend my Congratulations to US President Elect @JoeBiden! and Vice President @KamalaHarris You have our full support for a renaissance of multilateralism."^[10]
•  NATO – Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg (2014–present)^[11]
•  Organization of American States – Secretary General Luis Almagro (2015–present)^[12]
• Progressive Alliance – The Progressive Alliance congratulated Biden in a tweet that read: "We congratulate President-elect @JoeBiden, VP-elect @KamalaHarris and our friends @TheDemocrats! Important for the #USA and all of us. A new chance for making the difference on #progress #socialjustice #democracy and renewed #multilateralism."^[13]
• Socialist International – The Socialist International released a statement congratulating Biden on his victory, writing: "We congratulate the president-elect Joe Biden, his running mate Kamala Harris, and the Democratic Party on their successful campaign. [...] The victory of Joe Biden offers an opportunity to strengthen multilateralism in a world which greatly needs it for the benefit of all. We social democrats from around the globe are convinced that the outcome of this presidential election will have many positive repercussions for both the USA and for the world, and we wish the president-elect every success."^[14]
• United Nations
  • Elizabeth M. Cousens, President and CEO of the United Nations Foundation, congratulated Biden on his victory in a statement released on November 8.^[15]
  • Representatives from the World Health Organization congratulated Biden on his victory and stated that they "looked forward to the United States canceling plans to leave the body."^[16]

Condemnation and restraint[]

• Global Greens – The Global Greens did not congratulate Biden or Trump instead choosing to send solidarity to the Green Party of the United States, writing "Now, more than ever, it's critical to have third party voices like the Greens in the United States."^[17]
• Yemen Solidarity Council – The Yemen Solidarity Council released a statement condemning President-elect Biden and the United States, stating: "Until we see clear action from President-elect @JoeBiden and his administration, and until he decides to end US involvement in #Yemen ... we maintain the view that America constitutes the greatest threat towards Yemeni self-determination, self-sufficiency and independence."^[18]

Religious organizations[]

Congratulations to Democrats[]

• Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints congratulated Biden, writing: "We congratulate President-elect Joe Biden on his election as President of the United States. We also congratulate Vice President-elect Kamala Harris. We invite people everywhere, whatever their political views, to join us in praying for this new administration and for leaders of nations around the world. Praying for those in public office has been a practice of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints since its founding. The men and women who lead our nations and communities need our prayers."^[19]
• Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Bartholomew I to Biden: "You Offer Hope, Conviction for a Better Future".^[20]
• World Jewish Congress – President Ronald Lauder (2007–present)^[21]

Sovereign states and other governments[]

  United States

  Countries that have congratulated Joe Biden as president-elect

  Countries that congratulated Joe Biden as president-elect after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory

  Countries where different state leaders have congratulated either candidate as the winner

  Countries that have condemned the election or its results

  Countries that have refrained from speaking

Congratulations to Democrats[]

Africa[]

•  Angola – President João Lourenço (2017–present)^[22]
•  Botswana – President Mokgweetsi Masisi (2020–present)^[23]
•  Burkina Faso – President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré (2015–present)^[24]
•  Burundi – President Evariste Ndayishimiye (2020–present)^[25]
•  Cameroon – President Paul Biya (1982–present)^[26]
•  Cape Verde
  • President Jorge Carlos Fonseca (2011–present)^[27]
  • Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva (2016–present)^[27]
•  Comoros – President Azali Assoumani (2016–present)^[28]
• Congo-Brazzaville – President Denis Sassou Nguesso (1997–present)^[29]
• Congo-Kinshasa – President Félix Tshisekedi (2019–present)^[30]
•  Chad – President Idriss Deby Itno (1990–2021)^[31]
•  Djibouti – President Ismail Omar Guelleh (1999–present)^[32]
•  Egypt – President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi (2014–present)^[33]
•  Equatorial Guinea – President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (1979–present)^[34]
•  Eritrea – President Isaias Afwerki (1993–present)^[35]
•  Eswatini – Prime Minister Ambrose Mandvulo Dlamini (2018–2020)^[36]
•  Ethiopia – Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed (2018–present)^[37]
•  Gabon – President Ali Bongo Ondimba (2009–present)^[38]
•  Gambia – President Adama Barrow (2017–present)^[39]
•  Ghana – President Nana Akufo-Addo (2017–present)^[11]
•  Guinea – President Alpha Condé (2010–present)^[40]
•  Guinea-Bissau – President Umaro Sissoco Embaló (2020–present)^[41]
•  Ivory Coast – President Alassane Ouattara (2010–present)^[42]
•  Kenya – President Uhuru Kenyatta (2013–present)^[43]
•  Lesotho – Prime Minister Moeketsi Majoro (2020–present)^[44]
•  Liberia – President George Weah (2018–present)^[45]
•  Libya – President Fayez al-Sarraj (2016–present)^[46]
•  Madagascar – President Andry Rajoelina (2019–present)^[47]
•  Malawi – President Lazarus Chakwera (2020–present)^[48]
•  Mali – President Bah Ndaw (2020–present)^[49]
•  Mauritania – President Mohamed Ould Ghazouani (2019–present)^[50]
•  Mauritius – Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth (2017–present)^[51]
•  Mozambique – President Filipe Nyusi (2015–present)^[52]
•  Namibia – President Hage Geingob (2015–present)^[53]
•  Niger – President Mahamadou Issoufou (2011–present)^[54]
•  Nigeria – President Muhammadu Buhari (2015–present)^[33]
•  Rwanda – President Paul Kagame (2000–present)^[55]
• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic – President Brahim Ghali (2016–present)^[56]
•  São Tomé and Príncipe – President Evaristo Carvalho (2016–present)^[57]
•  Senegal – President Macky Sall (2012–present)^[58]
•  Seychelles – President Wavel Ramkalawan (2020–present)^[59]
•  Sierra Leone – President Julius Maada Bio (2018–present)^[60]
•  Somalia – President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (2017–present)^[61]
•  Somaliland – President Muse Bihi Abdi (2017–present)^[62]
•  South Africa – President Cyril Ramaphosa (2018–present)^[63]
•  South Sudan – President Salva Kiir Mayardit (2011–present)^[64]
•  Sudan
  • Chairman of the Sovereignty Council Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (2019–present)^[65]
  • Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok (2019–present)^[66]
•  Tanzania – President John Magufuli (2015–present)^[67]
•  Uganda – President Yoweri Museveni (1986–present)^[68]
•  Togo – President Faure Gnassingbé (2005–present)^[69]
•  Tunisia – President Kais Saied (2019–present)^[70]
•  Zambia – President Edgar Lungu (2015–present)^[71]
•  Zimbabwe – President Emmerson Mnangagwa (2018–present)^[72]

Asia[]

•  Afghanistan – President Ashraf Ghani (2014–2021)^[73]
•  Bahrain
  • King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa (2002–present)^[74]
  • Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad^[75]
  • Prime Minister Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (1971–2020)^[76]
•  Bangladesh
  • President Abdul Hamid (2013–present)^[77]
  • Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina (2009–present)^[78]
•  Brunei – Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (1967–present)^[79]
•  East Timor – Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak (2018–present)^[80]
•  India
  • President Ram Nath Kovind (2017–present)^[81]
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi (2014–present)^[82]
•  Indonesia – President Joko Widodo (2014–present)^[83]
•  Iraq
  • President Barham Salih (2018–present)^[33]
  • Kurdistan Region – President Nechirvan Barzani (2019–present)^[84]
•  Israel
  • President Reuven Rivlin (2014–present)^[85]
  • Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu (2009–2021)^[86]
  • Alternate Prime Minister of Israel Benny Gantz (2020–present)^[87]
•  Japan – Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga (2020–present)^[11]
•  Jordan – King Abdullah II (1999–present)^[66]
•  Kazakhstan – President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (2019–present)^[11]
•  Kuwait
  • Emir Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2020–present)^[88]
  • Crown Prince Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2020–present)^[88]
  • Prime Minister Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah (2019–present)^[88]
•  Kyrgyzstan – Acting President Sadyr Japarov (2020–present)^[89]
•  Lebanon – President Michel Aoun (2016–present)^[90]
•  Malaysia – Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin (2020–present)^[83]
•  Maldives – President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (2018–present)^[91]
•    Nepal
  • President Bidya Devi Bhandari (2015–present)^[92]
  • Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli (2018–present)^[93]
•  Oman – Sultan Haitham bin Tariq (2020–present)^[94]
•  Pakistan
  • President Arif Alvi (2018–present)^[95]
  • Prime Minister Imran Khan (2018–present)^[96]
•  Palestine – President Mahmoud Abbas (2005–present)^[97]
•  Philippines
  • President Rodrigo Duterte (2016–present)^[98]
  • Vice President Leni Robredo (2016–present)^[99]
•  Qatar – Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (2013–present)^[100]
•  Saudi Arabia
  • King Salman (2015–present)^[101]
  • Crown Prince Mohamed ben Salman (2017–present)^[101]
•  Singapore
  • President Halimah Yacob (2017–present)^[102]
  • Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (2004–present)^[103]
•  South Korea – President Moon Jae-in (2017–present)^[104]
•  Sri Lanka
  • President Gotabaya Rajapaksa (2019–present)^[105]
  • Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa (2019–present)^[106]
•  Taiwan
  • President Tsai Ing-wen (2016–present)^[107][108]
  • Premier Su Tseng-chang (2019–present)^[109]
•  Thailand – Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha (2014–present)^[110]
•  United Arab Emirates
  • Abu Dhabi – Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan (2003–present)^[33]
•  Yemen^[a]
  • President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi (2012–present)^[66]
  • Vice President of the Southern Transitional Council Hani bin Breik (2017–present)^[66]

Central America[]

•  Costa Rica
  • President Carlos Alvarado Quesada (2018–present)^[1]
  • First Vice President Epsy Campbell Barr (2018–present)^[111]
  • A congratulations motion was approved by members of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica with the exception of seven conservative lawmakers from the PNR (4), PUSC (2), and PNG (1) parties.^[112]
•  Dominican Republic – President Luis Abinader (2020–present)^[113]
•  El Salvador – President Nayib Bukele (2019–present)^[114]
•  Guatemala – President Alejandro Giammattei (2020–present)^[115]
•  Honduras – President Juan Orlando Hernández (2014–present)^[116]
•  Panama – President Laurentino Cortizo (2019–present)^[117]
•  Nicaragua
  • President Daniel Ortega (2007–present)^[118]
  • Vice President and First Lady Rosario Murillo (2017–present)^[118]

Europe[]

•  Albania
  • President Ilir Meta (2017–present)^[119]
  • Prime Minister Edi Rama (2013–present)^[120]
•  Armenia
  • President Armen Sarkissian (2018–present)^[121]
  • Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan (2018–present)^[122]
•  Andorra
  • French Co-Prince Emmanuel Macron (2017–present); Macron congratulated Biden and Harris, tweeting "we have a lot to do to overcome today's challenges."^[123]
  • Head of Government Xavier Espot Zamora (2019–present)^[124]
•  Austria
  • President Alexander Van der Bellen (2017–present)^[125]
  • Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (2020–present, 2017–2019)^[126]
•  Belgium – Prime Minister Alexander De Croo (2020–present)^[123]
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Chairman of the Presidency Šefik Džaferović (2020–present)^[127]
•  Bulgaria
  • President Rumen Radev (2017–present)^[128]
  • Prime Minister Boyko Borisov (2017–present)^[129]
•  Croatia
  • President Zoran Milanović (2020–present)^[130]
  • Prime Minister Andrej Plenković (2016–present)^[131]
•  Cyprus – President Nicos Anastasiades (2013–present)^[132]
•  Czech Republic
  • President Miloš Zeman (2013–present)^[133]
  • Prime Minister Andrej Babiš (2017–present)^[133]
•  Denmark
  • Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen (2019–present)^[134]
  •  Faroe Islands – Prime Minister Bárður á Steig Nielsen (2019–present)^[135]
•  Estonia
  • President Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–present)^[1]
  • Prime Minister Jüri Ratas (2016–present)^[136]
•  Finland
  • President Sauli Niinistö (2012–present)^[1]
  • Prime Minister Sanna Marin (2019–present); Marin congratulated Biden and Harris, tweeting in Finnish and English "My congratulations to Joe Biden and Kamala Harris. The USA is an important partner to Finland. Looking forward to cooperating on transatlantic relations."^[137]
•  France – President Emmanuel Macron (2017–present); Macron congratulated Biden and Harris, tweeting "we have a lot to do to overcome today's challenges."^[123]
•  Georgia
  • President Salome Zourabichvili (2018–present)^[138]
  • Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia (2019–present)^[139]
•  Germany
  • President Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017–present)^[140]
  • Chancellor Angela Merkel (2005–present); Merkel stated on Twitter that "the American people have made their decision" and that she was looking forward to collaborating with Biden.^[123]
•  Greece
  • President Katerina Sakellaropoulou (2020–present)^[141]
  • Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis (2019–present)^[123]
•  Hungary
  • President János Áder (2012–present)^[142]
  • Prime Minister Viktor Orbán (2010–present)^[143]
•  Iceland
  • President Guðni Th. Jóhannesson (2016–present)^[144]
  • Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir (2017–present)^[1]
•  Ireland
  • President Michael D. Higgins (2011–present)^[123]
  • Taoiseach Micheál Martin (2020–present)^[11]
•  Italy
  • President Sergio Mattarella (2015–present); Mattarella sent an official message to Biden expressing his congratulations and stating that under his presidency, "the United States and Italy – and the entire European Union – will be able to further strengthen the bonds of deep and deep-rooted friendship".^[145]
  • Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte (2018–2021); Conte congratulated "the American people and institutions" on Twitter^[7] and subsequently Joe Biden and Kamala Harris during a phone call to the ANSA news agency.^[146]
•  Luxembourg – Prime Minister Xavier Bettel (2013–present)^[147]
•  Kosovo
  • Acting President Vjosa Osmani (2020–present)^[148]
  • Prime Minister Avdullah Hoti (2020–present)^[149]
•  Latvia
  • President Egils Levits (2019–present)^[150]
  • Prime Minister Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš (2019–present)^[150]
•  Lithuania
  • President Gitanas Nausėda (2019–present)^[151]
  • Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis (2016–present)^[152]
•  Malta
  • President George Vella (2019–present)^[123]
  • Prime Minister Robert Abela (2020–present)^[11]
•  Montenegro
  • President Milo Đukanović (2018–present, 1998–2002)^[153]
  • Prime Minister-designate Zdravko Krivokapić (2020–present)^[154]
  • Prime Minister Duško Marković (2016–2020)^[155]
•  Netherlands – Prime Minister Mark Rutte (2010–present)^[156]
•  North Macedonia
  • President Stevo Pendarovski (2019–present)^[157]
  • Prime Minister Zoran Zaev (2020–present, 2017–2020)^[158]
•  Northern Cyprus – President Ersin Tatar (2020–present)^[159]
•  Norway – Prime Minister Erna Solberg (2013–present)^[160]
•  Poland
  • President Andrzej Duda (2015–present)^[161][162]
  • Foreign Minister Zbigniew Rau (2020–present)^[163]
•  Portugal
  • President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (2016–present)^[164]
  • Prime Minister Antonio Costa (2015–present)^[165]
•  Romania
  • President Klaus Iohannis (2014–present); Iohannis congratulated Biden and stated on Twitter that he looks forward "to further consolidating our solid and dynamic #StrategicPartnership in all its dimensions. Romania will continue to work to strengthen the security, prosperity and resilience of our transatlantic community"^[166]
  • Prime Minister Ludovic Orban (2019–2020)^[167]
•  Serbia – President Aleksandar Vučić (2017–present); Vučić congratulated Biden over Twitter, stating, "I wish you the wisdom and determination to face the existing challenges for the benefit of USA and the world. I hope to continue the good cooperation with you, as we had with @realDonaldTrump, for which I am very grateful."^[168]
•  Slovakia
  • President Zuzana Čaputová (2019–present)^[169]
  • Prime Minister Igor Matovič (2020–present)^[169]
•  Slovenia – President Borut Pahor (2012–present)^[170]
•  Spain – Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez (2018–present);^[7] Sánchez congratulated Joe Biden over Twitter, stating (in Spanish and English) "The American people have chosen the 46th President of the United States. Congratulations @JoeBiden and @KamalaHarris. We wish you good luck and all the best. We are looking forward to cooperating with you to tackle the challenges ahead of us."^[171]
•  Sweden – Prime Minister Stefan Löfven (2014–present)^[172]
•   Switzerland – President Simonetta Sommaruga (2020–present)^[173]
•  Ukraine – President Volodymyr Zelensky (2019–present)^[11]
•  United Kingdom
  • Prime Minister Boris Johnson (2019–present); Johnson stated that "the U.S. is our most important ally and I look forward to working closely together on our shared priorities, from climate change to trade and security."^[123]
  •  Bermuda – Premier Edward David Burt (2017–present)^[174]
  •  British Virgin Islands – Premier Andrew Fahie (2019–present)^[175]
  •  Gibraltar – Chief Minister Fabian Picardo (2011–present)^[176]
  •  Guernsey – Chief Minister Peter Ferbrache (2020–present)^[177]
  •  Jersey – Chief Minister John Le Fondré (2018–present)^[177]
  • Northern Ireland – First Minister Arlene Foster (2020–present, 2016–2017); Foster and deputy First Minister Michelle O'Neill wrote a joint letter to Biden and Harris congratulating them on their election victory and expressing their hope that Northern Ireland's links with the US will be further strengthened under his presidency.^[178]
  •  Scotland – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon (2014–present); Sturgeon tweeted her congratulations to Biden and Harris on their election victory and referred to Harris's election as the first woman of colour as vice president as "a big and special moment".^[11][179]
  •  Wales – First Minister Mark Drakeford (2018–present); Drakeford tweeted his support to Biden and Harris, and said he looks "forward to working with you to build on the strong links between Wales and USA".^[180]
•   Vatican City – Pope Francis (2013–present); The Pope called President-elect Biden and extended "his blessings and congratulations."^[181]

North America[]

•  Antigua and Barbuda – Prime Minister Gaston Browne (2014–present)^[182]
•  The Bahamas – Prime Minister Hubert Minnis (2017–present)^[183]
•  Barbados – Prime Minister Mia Mottley (2018–present)^[184]
•  Canada
  • Governor General Julie Payette (2017–2021)^[185]
  • Prime Minister Justin Trudeau (2015–present)^[123]
•  Cuba – President Miguel Díaz-Canel (2019–present)^[186]
•  Dominica – Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit (2004–present)^[187]
•  Grenada – Prime Minister Keith Mitchell (2013–present)^[188]
•  Haiti – President Jovenel Moïse (2017–2021)^[189]
•  Jamaica – Prime Minister Andrew Holness (2016–present)^[11]
•  Kingdom of the Netherlands
  •  Aruba – Prime Minister Evelyn Wever-Croes (2017–present)^[190]
  •  Curaçao – Prime Minister Eugene Rhuggenaath (2017–present)^[174]
  •  Sint Maarten – Prime Minister Silveria Jacobs (2019–present)^[191]
•  Saint Kitts and Nevis – Prime Minister Timothy Harris (2015–present)^[183]
•  Saint Lucia – Prime Minister Allen Chastanet (2016–present)^[192]
•  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves (2001–present)^[4]
•  Trinidad and Tobago – Prime Minister Keith Rowley (2015–present)^[183]

Oceania[]

•  Australia
  • Prime Minister Scott Morrison (2018–present); Morrison congratulated Biden, Harris and their spouses whilst thanking "President Trump and Vice-President Mike Pence, Secretary Mike Pompeo ... and the many other members of his cabinet with whom we have had a very good relationship over the years of the Trump administration and of course that will continue through the transition period."^[193] Morrison also invited Biden to visit Australia for the 70th anniversary of the ANZUS treaty.^[194]
  • Premier of Victoria Daniel Andrews (2014–present)^[11]
  • Premier of Queensland Annastacia Palaszczuk (2015–present)^[195]
•  Cook Islands – Prime Minister Mark Brown (2020–present)^[196]
•  Federated States of Micronesia – President David W. Panuelo^[197]
•  Fiji – Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama (2007–present); Bainimarama was one of the first leaders to congratulate Biden,^[198] tweeting "Together, we have a planet to save from a Climate Emergency and a global economy to build back better from COVID-19". He also added that the US should be back to the Paris Agreement "ASAP."^[199]
•  New Zealand – Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern (2017–present)^[11]
•  Papua New Guinea – Prime Minister James Marape (2019–present)^[200]

South America[]

•  Argentina – President Alberto Fernández (2019–present)^[11]
•  Brazil
  • President of Brazil Jair Bolsonaro (2019–present)^[201][202]
  • President of the Chamber of Deputies Rodrigo Maia (2016–2021)^[203]
  • Former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003–2011)^[204]
  •  São Paulo – Governor João Doria (2019–present)^[205]
  • Various other Governors, Senators, and former Presidents^[206]
•  Chile – President Sebastián Piñera (2018–present, 2010–2014)^[207]
•  Colombia – President Iván Duque (2018–present)^[11]
•  Ecuador – President Lenín Moreno (2017–present)^[208]
•  Guyana – President Irfaan Ali (2020–present)^[209]
•  Peru – President Martín Vizcarra (2018–2020)^[11]
•  Paraguay – President Mario Abdo Benítez (2018–present)^[210]
•  Suriname – President Chan Santokhi (2020–present)^[211]
•  Uruguay – President Luis Lacalle Pou (2020–present)^[212]
• Venezuela^[b]
  • President Nicolás Maduro (2013–present)^[213]
  • President Juan Guaidó (2019–present)^[213]

Congratulations with/or condemnation[]

Asia[]

•  Iran
  • Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei (1989–present); Khamenei did not congratulate Biden or Trump instead choosing to condemn Western democracy stating: "The situation in the US and what they themselves say about their elections is a spectacle! This is an example of the ugly face of liberal democracy in the US. Regardless of the outcome, one thing is absolutely clear, the definite political, civil, and moral decline of the US regime."^[214]
  • President Hassan Rouhani (2013–present); Rouhani did not congratulate Biden but said the Biden victory is an opportunity for the next US government to make up for past mistakes and return to the path of adhering to international commitments with respect to global rules.^[215]
  • Foreign Minister Javad Zarif (2013–present); Zarif acknowledged the result of the election and hoped that the new administration would "accept multilateralism, cooperation and respect for law".^[215]

Europe[]

•  Belarus – The Government of Belarus declared the US presidential election to be a mockery of democracy and questioned if the OSCE would call for another vote in the United States as they did in Belarus in response to the disputed elections in Belarus.^[216] President Alexander Lukashenko stated that he believes that the relationship between Belarus and the United States would not change due to any outcome of the election.^[217] The disputed President-elect Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya congratulated Biden, writing: "It's my honor to congratulate @JoeBiden, President-Elect of the United States of America, and @KamalaHarris, Vice President-Elect, on their historic achievement. Belarusian people and I personally thank you for your solidarity and we look forward to our future cooperation!"^[218] It was later reported that Tsikhanouskaya is seeking Biden's backing against the suppression of the anti-Lukashenko opposition.^[219]
•  Estonia – President Kersti Kaljulaid and Prime Minister Jüri Ratas congratulated Biden on his victory,^[220][136] though then-Minister of the Interior Mart Helme stated that Biden's victory was fraudulent and claimed the election results had been falsified. Helme warned Estonians that America could plunge into a second civil war.^[16] Helme resigned as Minister of the Interior shortly after his anti-Biden statements. Prime Minister Ratas recognized Helme's decision to resign, stating: "The United States is our biggest ally and strategic partner and all members of the Estonian government must contribute to maintaining and strengthening the allied relations between Estonia and the US. In the current situation, the resignation of Mart Helme is the only possible option for the government to continue its work and pursuing its foreign policy goals."^[221]
•  Slovenia
  • Prime Minister Janez Janša (2020–present) congratulated Trump on November 4, asserting that "it's pretty clear that American people have elected ⁦Donald Trump and Mike Pence for four more years", and remained the only world leader to have done so when news organizations called the election for Biden on November 7.^[222][33] Later he condemned the elections, accusing the Democrats of mass voter fraud.^[223]
  • President Borut Pahor congratulated Biden on November 7 for his win, directly contradicting the previous Slovenian government stance on the election, writing (in Slovene): "Dear President-elect @JoeBiden, allow me to congratulate you personally and in the name of the Republic of Slovenia on your election as the 46th president of the USA. On this occasion, I would like to express my happiness with the excellent relations between Slovenia and the USA, which are based on numerous ties between our two peoples and countries. I remember our previous meetings with fondness, especially the official meeting in the White House in 2011 and your presence on the leader summit of the Brdo-Brijuni Process incentive in 2015, of which I am co-leader. All of the above fills me with optimism about our joint future, in which Slovenia and the USA will remain firm friends and allies. Dear Mr. President-elect, please accept this expression of my deep respect and my best wishes."^[170]

Congratulations with/or restraint[]

Africa[]

•  Algeria – President Abdelmadjid Tebboune congratulated Biden on December 15, after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory.^[224]

Asia[]

•  Cambodia – Prime Minister Hun Sen (1984–present)^[225] congratulated Biden after the official certifiation.
•  China – On November 9, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin stated that the Chinese government would not yet congratulate Biden as his win awaited a legal endorsement.^[226] According to Wang, "We [China] have acknowledged that Mr Biden has declared [himself] the winner of the election. We understand that the result will be declared under American domestic law and will deal [with the issue] in accordance with international routine."^[227][228] On November 13, China congratulated Biden for his victory, nearly a week after major news sources had announced he had won the presidential election.^[229] Speaking at a regular press briefing Friday, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang said that China "respected the choice of the American people" and "we [China] congratulate Mr. Biden and Ms. Harris. At the same time, we understand that the outcome of this US election will be ascertained in accordance with US laws and procedures".^{[230][227][228][231]} On November 25, Chinese leader Xi Jinping congratulated Biden after his government's initial restraint.^[232]
•  Vietnam – On December 1, President Nguyễn Phú Trọng^[233] and Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc^[233] congratulated Biden after a three-week delay.

Europe[]

•  Moldova – President Igor Dodon congratulated Biden on December 15, after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory.^[234]
•  Russia – The Russian government initially did not congratulate Biden or Trump, citing that the official results had yet to be finalized. Kremlin Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov stated "We consider it correct to wait for the official results to be finalized. I want to remind you that President Putin repeatedly said he will respect the choice of the American people."^[227] Putin finally congratulated Biden after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory on December 14, wishing him "every success".^[235]
•  Turkey – After initial restraint, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan congratulated Biden.^[236] It was speculated that restraint came as the result of a video that had previously surfaced in August featuring Joe Biden saying that he would support opposition leaders in their bid to remove president Erdoğan from office; this was met with condemnation by both government and opposition officials as "intervention into Turkish internal affairs".^[237][238] However, opposition leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu tweeted "I would like to congratulate Joe Biden for his election as the 46th President of the United States of America and Kamala Harris as Vice-President. I look forward to strengthening Turkish–American relations and our strategic alliance."^[239] Erdoğan's Vice President Fuat Oktay would later state that Turkish–American relations would not change under a Biden presidency, and called on the President-elect to extradite Fethullah Gülen and end American support for Kurdish militants in Syria.^[66]

Latin America[]

• Bolivia – Interim President Jeanine Áñez chose to not congratulate Biden,^[240] however the then President-elect Luis Arce from the then-opposition MAS-IPSP party, that controlled a majority in the House, congratulated Biden on his victory.^[241]
•  Brazil – Vice President Hamilton Mourão (2018–present); Mourão referred to Joe Biden as "President Biden" in an interview on November 9.^[242] However, Mourão told reporters that President Jair Bolsonaro would be waiting for the ending of the imbroglio about if there are fake votes or not to make a statement about the election result.^[243] To CNN Brasil, Bolsonaro told that "what he [Mourão] said about the United States is his opinion. I've never talked to Mourão about United States affairs, as well as I haven't been talking to him about any other subject".^[244] On November 10, in his first reference to Biden after the election, Bolsonaro said "We have just seen a great candidate for the Head of State say that if I don't put out the fire in the Amazon, it will raise trade barriers against Brazil. How can we deal with all of this? Just diplomacy isn't enough, right, Ernesto [Ernesto Araújo, Minister of Foreign Affairs]? Because when the saliva ends, there must be gunpowder, if not, it doesn't work. You don't even have to use gunpowder, but they need to know you have it."^[245] On November 29, Bolsonaro told reporters "The press does not report, but I have my sources of information; there is no use talking to you; you will not report. But there was really a lot of fraud there; no one disputes that. I don't know if it was enough to determine one [winner] or another. I am waiting a little longer, for it to be decided by their electoral justice and perhaps by the Supreme Court in the end."^[246] Bolsonaro congratulated Biden on December 15, after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory.^{[247][201][202]}
•  Mexico – President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (2018–present) said on November 7 in response to a reporter's question that "we are going to wait until all the legal issues are resolved," adding that Trump has been "very respectful of us".^[33] and that Mexico had good relations with both Biden and Trump.^[248] On December 14, President López Obrador congratulated Joe Biden as president-elect after the electoral college officially certified Biden's victory.^[249]

Political parties and organizations[]

Congratulations to Democrats[]

Africa[]

•  Tanzania
  • Zitto Kabwe, Leader of the Alliance for Change and Transparency party, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "I congratulate @JoeBiden and @KamalaHarris for this symbolic win. This victory symbolizes the hope for democracy's at a time when many other parts of the world are seeing that light diminishing. It gives hope that integrity, honesty and perseverance still matter #Democracy."^[250]

Asia[]

•  Bangladesh
  • The Bangladesh Nationalist Party congratulated Biden for his victory, releasing a statement that read "The people of Bangladesh together with the people of the friendly United States are happy with his [Biden's] historic victory."^[251] The party's General Secretary Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir would later state: "On behalf of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party-BNP and myself, I extended the best wishes and congratulations to Joe Biden."^[251]
•  India
  • Sonia Gandhi, President of the Indian National Congress, sent congratulatory letters to US President-elect Joe Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris for their victory in the US elections. Gandhi said, looks forward to a close partnership with the US under the leadership of Biden and Harris.^[252]
•  Israel
  • Amir Peretz, Leader of the Israeli Labor Party, congratulated Biden after his victory, writing: "I congratulate the election of President Joe Biden and wish him success."^[253]
  • Yair Lapid, Chairman of the Yesh Atid party, congratulated Biden, tweeting: "Congratulations to my friend President-Elect @JoeBiden and Vice President-Elect @KamalaHarris. The relationship between our countries is based on deeply held values and critical shared interests which I know will be at the heart of your administration."^[254]
  • Gideon Sa'ar, Head of the New Hope party, congratulated Biden on his victory.^[255]
•  Japan
  • Natsuo Yamaguchi, President of the Komeito party, offered congratulations to Joe Biden following Biden's victory.^[256]
•  Palestine
  • Nabil Shaath, a senior official of Fatah, congratulated Biden on his victory and stated that "Nothing was worse than Trump's era, his departure is a gain."^[257]
•  Sri Lanka
  • Leader of the Opposition Sajith Premadasa congratulated Biden on his victory saying "As you stood with the American people to uphold the values of democracy and justice, your platform provided the world with an example of progressive democracy, pluralist patriotism and social equity, the very ideals and values that our party the Samagi Jana Balavegaya shares."^[258]
• Syrian opposition
  • Anas al-Abdah, Leader of the Movement for Justice and Development in Syria party and President of the Syrian Interim Government, congratulated Biden on his victory.^[259]
•  Taiwan
  • Johnny Chiang, Chairman of the Kuomintang, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "I would like to extend my cordial congratulations to President-elect @JoeBiden and VP-elect @KamalaHarris. The @Kuomintang and I also see the 'United States of America' and 'possibility' as Joe says. We look fwd to enhancing the ROC (Taiwan)-US relations with your administration."^[260]

Europe[]

• European Union
  • The Greens–European Free Alliance congratulated Biden on his victory, tweeting: "Congrats to #JoeBiden and #KamalaHarris on their election! [...] We hope for more cooperation at #COP26 to turn this map bluer!"^[261]
  • Renew Europe congratulated Biden on his victory, releasing a statement that read "[we] sincerely congratulate Joe Biden, Kamala Harris and the Democrat Party for this well-deserved victory [...] we are looking forward to working together for a new dawn in transatlantic relations."^[262]
•  France
  • La République En Marche! congratulated Biden on his victory, later tweeting (in French): "Joe Biden is elected 46th president of the United States and Kamala Harris the first female vice-president. This return of the progressives to power in the United States is a hope for all."^[263]
  • The Socialist Party congratulated Biden on his victory, writing (in French): "The #PS salutes the indisputable victory of the democrat @JoeBiden and welcomes the accession to the vice-presidency of @KamalaHarris, the first woman to take up this post."^[264] Socialist Mayor of Paris Anne Hidalgo sent a congratulatory tweet about Biden's victory, stating "Welcome back, America!"^[265]
•  Ireland
  • Alan Kelly, Leader of the Labour Party, congratulated Biden for his victory, later writing: "An historic election in so many ways for Joe Biden and Kamala Harris. Much needs to be done to make sure the politics of division that we have seen over the last 4 years is a thing of the past."^[266]
  • The Humanist Association congratulated Biden on his victory and called on the President-elect to rejoin the Paris Accord.^[267]
  • Mary Lou McDonald, President of Sinn Féin, congratulated Biden on his victory in a video on November 7.^[268]
•  Spain
  • Citizens' leader Inés Arrimadas congratulated Biden for his victory, tweeting (in Spanish): "My congratulations to Joe Biden on his victory in this election. I hope that his mandate will help to unite Americans and open a new stage of reinforcement in collaboration between the US, the EU and all free societies."^[269]
  • People's Party leader Pablo Casado congratulated Biden for his victory, tweeting (both in Spanish and English): "Congratulations to @JoeBiden for his electoral victory and my best wishes to the people of the United States. Spain shall strengthen the transatlantic link within the European Union and step up our historical relationship with America".^[270]
  • Spanish Socialist Workers' Party congratulated Biden on his victory, while tweeting (in Spanish): "The results are final for the Democrats. Democracy wins, the extreme right loses. Dialogue wins, hate speech loses. The extreme right is defeated at the polls. Good news for the US and for the world."^[271] Spanish Minister of Defence Margarita Robles, who is close to the Socialist Workers' Party, also said that "After 4 years of polarization, the democratic system in the US has reacted. Multilateralism and transatlantic relations win with Biden".^[272]
•  United Kingdom
  • Keir Starmer, Leader of the Labour Party, congratulated Biden, stating that his victory was "one for hope and unity over dishonesty and division."^[273]

North America[]

•  Canada
  • Erin O'Toole, Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "Congratulations to @JoeBiden and @KamalaHarris. Canada and the U.S. have a historic alliance. Canada's Conservatives will always work with the U.S. to advance our common values and close economic ties."^[274]
  • Jagmeet Singh, Leader of the New Democratic Party, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "Congratulations, President-elect @JoeBiden. As the Trump Presidency comes to an end I'm reminded of Jack's final words Love is better than anger. Hope is better than fear. Optimism is better than despair. So let us be loving, hopeful and optimistic. And we'll change the world."^[275]
  • Yves-François Blanchet, Leader of the Bloc Québecois, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "Allow me, on behalf of my party, to offer our most enthusiastic congratulations following the results of your election as President of the United States."^[276]
•  Costa Rica
  • Deputies of both Citizens' Action Party (government) and National Liberation Party (parliamentary ally) congratulated Biden on social media.^[277]

Oceania[]

•  Australia
  • Adam Bandt, Leader of the Australian Greens, congratulated Biden and Harris on "beating back fascism at the ballot box".^[278]
  • Anthony Albanese, Leader of the Australian Labor Party and Leader of the Opposition, congratulated Biden and Harris "on a victory delivered with record support with a progressive agenda based on decency, honest government, creating opportunity and dealing with the pandemic and the challenge of climate change".^[279] Albanese also called allegations of election fraud by Trump "conspiracy theories".^[279]
•  New Zealand
  • Judith Collins, Leader of the New Zealand National Party, congratulated Biden on his victory, writing: "Congratulations to Joe Biden and Kamala Harris on their victory in the United States. New Zealand has an enduring relationship with the US which I want to see get even stronger. Let's get a free trade agreement done!"^[280]

South America[]

•  Chile
  • The Communist Party of Chile congratulated Biden with a tweet that wished the President-elect (in Spanish) a "Happy Saturday" and denounced both Trump and the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera.^[281]

Celebration of Republican defeat, criticism, and restraint[]

Africa[]

•  South Africa
  • The Economic Freedom Fighters did not congratulate Biden, instead writing that "Mr. Biden shall earn his stripe to deserve congratulations as a president of the USA the day he leaves office without atrocious acts against the people and their government."^[282]

Asia[]

•  Afghanistan
  • The Taliban, who previously endorsed Trump,^[283] did not accept Biden's victory. A spokesperson of the group told a reporter from BBC Pashto that "our reaction" would come "when the official result is announced."^[284] The Taliban later referred to Biden as the "President-elect of the United States" and expected him to promote peace in Afghanistan.^[285]
•  Palestine
  • Ismail Haniyeh, Chairman of Hamas, did not congratulate Biden on his victory but celebrated Trump's defeat, stating: "US President Donald Trump, who sought to obliterate Palestine's cause, has gone and Jerusalem will not go [from Palestine]."^[257]
•  Philippines
  • The Communist Party of the Philippines issued a statement celebrating Trump's defeat, stating "The American people deserve praises for voting against US President Donald Trump in the recently concluded presidential elections and preventing another four years of Trumpian fascism, militarism, racism, misogyny and bigotry."^[286] This statement was met with criticism from other Maoist groups internationally.^[287]

Europe[]

•  France
  • The French Communist Party did not congratulate Biden on his victory but sent a celebratory tweet about Trump's defeat, writing "#ByeByeTrump."^[288]
  • Marine Le Pen, Leader of the National Rally, did not congratulate Biden or Trump, instead saying: "I'm among those who will not congratulate the future president of the United States, because I don't consider the game to be over until we've gone into overtime [...] I am rather astonished to see the media ... rush to announce a result when we know that there are appeals currently being studied by the justice system."^[289]
•  United Kingdom
  • Ben Wallace, Conservative MP and Defense Secretary, praised Trump's tenure as U.S. president and said that he would miss "[the] good friend to the UK."^[290]
  • The Communist Party of Britain celebrated Trump's defeat in a tweet that read: "COMMUNISTS WELCOME DEFEAT FOR 'FAR RIGHT' AND 'PROTO-FASCISTS' – the Communist Party of Britain has welcomed the defeat of Donald Trump in the US presidential election."^[291] The party, however, did not congratulate Biden on his victory, writing that "When it comes to foreign and military policy, president-elect Biden is every bit as committed to the pro-NATO, anti-China and anti-liberation agenda in Latin America and the Middle East as Trump."^[292]
  • Nigel Farage, Leader of the Brexit Party, did not congratulate Biden or Trump, instead writing: "Biden hates the UK. The Conservatives had 4 years to do a trade deal with the USA and pro-UK President, and they failed. There is no chance now."^[293]
•  Spain
  • Iván Espinosa de los Monteros, spokesperson of Vox in the Spanish Congress, did not congratulate Biden, instead choosing to criticize progressives , tweeting: "He [Trump] kept China at bay, promoted peace accords between Israel and the Emirates or Bahrain, neutralized ISIS and Al-Baghdadi, annulled the pernicious accords with Iran and Cuba, and did not bring the US into a single armed conflict. But for the progressives 'today [the day when Biden was declared the winner by the media] the world sleeps safer'."^[294] Monteros also wrote an article in which he advises of the risk of socialism, Biden's lack of charisma, and blamed COVID-19 for Trump's loss.^[295]
  • Pablo Iglesias, Leader of the Podemos party and Second Deputy Prime Minister, celebrated Trump's defeat but did not congratulate Biden, tweeting: "Trump is confirmed to have lost the election. This is good news for the planet, as the global far right loses its most powerful political asset. But the extreme right that only accepts democracy if it wins, remains a huge danger in America and Europe".^[296] The official Podemos Twitter account later tweeted (in Spanish): "The far right of fake news, hatred, lies and defamations, has been defeated in the US. Its allies in the rest of the world and in Spain can take note: democracy ends up imposing itself on hate projects." in reference to Donald Trump losing the elections.^[297]
  • The Partido Comunista de España did not congratulate Biden, instead choosing to praise Trump's defeat and condemn Biden's record. It released a statement that read:^[298]

    After learning the result of the presidential elections in the United States, we celebrate Trump's defeat, but Biden's victory is not a cause for joy. Although the aggressive and crude Trump becomes a bad memory of history, and this is celebrated in the streets of the country, it cannot be forgotten that the two presidential candidates are part of the privileged who express themselves in both variants: Democrat and republican, who belong to the same 'party of power' that governs for the plutocracy, even though there are slight differences in domestic politics and international action. [...] The Obama and Biden administrations gestured toward Cuba, but did not close the sinister Guantanamo prison; signed the 5+1 agreement with Iran, but continued the military intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq, started the war against Syria and the aggression against Libya that destroyed the country, and financed and supported the Maidan coup in Ukraine that led to the extreme right to power. He supported the military coup in Thailand and compromised with the sinister General Al-Sisi who carried out the military coup in Egypt. He also maintained the NSA's worldwide spy program, created by Bush in 2008 and denounced by Snowden. And in its relationship with Russia and China, the government of Democrats Obama and Biden followed the purposes of the Pentagon, reinforcing NATO forces on the Russian borders and formulating its 'turn to Asia' that involved the transfer of a good part of their military troops to the seas near China for their containment and harassment plan."

South America[]

•  Colombia
  • The Common Alternative Revolutionary Force celebrated Trump's defeat but did not congratulate Biden on his victory, instead expressing hope that the Biden administration would "respect the sovereignty of the Latin American peoples."^[299]

See also[]

• Republican reactions to Donald Trump's claims of 2020 election fraud

Notes[]

References[]