List of Alismatales of South Africa
The Alismatales (alismatids) are an order of flowering plants including about 4500 species. Plants assigned to this order are mostly tropical or aquatic. Some grow in fresh water, some in marine habitats.
The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]
11 families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
Alismataceae[]
Family Alismataceae,[4] (7 species)
Alisma[]
Genus Alisma:[4]
- Alisma plantago-aquatica L. not indigenous, invasive
Burnatia[]
- Burnatia enneandra P.Micheli, indigenous
Echinodorus[]
Genus Echinodorus:[4]
- Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. not indigenous, invasive
- Echinodorus tenellus (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Buchenau, not indigenous, invasive
Limnophyton[]
Genus Limnophyton:[4]
- (L.) Miq. indigenous
Sagittaria[]
Genus Sagittaria:[4]
- Sagittaria latifolia Willd. not indigenous, invasive
- Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J.G.Sm. not indigenous, cultivated. invasive
Aponogetonaceae[]
Family Aponogetonaceae,[4] (9 species)
Aponogeton[]
Genus Aponogeton:[4]
- Aiton, endemic
- Zeyh. ex A.Spreng. indigenous
- Aponogeton distachyos L.f. endemic
- J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, endemic
- Lehm. indigenous
- Aponogeton junceus Lehm. subsp. natalense (Oliv.) Oberm. accepted as Oliv.
- Aponogeton junceus Lehm. subsp. rehmannii (Oliv.) Oberm. accepted as Oliv.
- Oliv. endemic
- Aponogeton ranunculiflorus Jacot Guill. & Marais, indigenous
- Oliv. indigenous
- Engl. indigenous
Araceae[]
Family Araceae,[4]
Arum[]
- Arum italicum Mill. not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Colocasia[]
Genus Colocasia:[4]
- Colocasia antiquorum Schott var. esculenta Schott accepted as Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, not indigenous, invasive
- Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Epipremnum[]
Genus Epipremnum:[4]
- Epipremnum aureum (Linden & Andre) G.S.Bunting, not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Gonatopus[]
- N.E.Br. indigenous
- (Decne.) Engl. indigenous
Monstera[]
Genus Monstera:[4]
- Monstera deliciosa Liebm. not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Pistia[]
Genus Pistia:[4]
- Pistia stratiotes L. not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Stylochaeton[]
Genus Stylochaeton:[4]
- Schott, indigenous
Syngonium[]
- Syngonium podophyllum Schott, not indigenous, cultivated, invasive
Zamioculcas[]
Genus Zamioculcas:[4]
- Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Lodd.) Engl. indigenous
Zantedeschia[]
Genus Zantedeschia:[4]
- Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. indigenous
- Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. indigenous
- Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. albomaculata indigenous
- Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. macrocarpa (Engl.) Letty, indigenous
- Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. valida Letty, accepted as (Letty) Y.Singh
- Zantedeschia elliottiana (W.Watson) Engl. endemic
- Letty, endemic
- Zantedeschia odorata P.L.Perry, endemic
- Zantedeschia pentlandii (R.Whyte ex W.Watson) Wittm. endemic
- Zantedeschia rehmannii Engl. indigenous
- (Letty) Y.Singh, endemic
Cymodoceaceae[]
Family Cymodoceaceae,[4]
Halodule[]
- Halodule uninervis (Forssk.) Asch. indigenous
Thalassodendron[]
Genus Thalassodendron:[4]
- Thalassodendron ciliatum (Forssk.) Hartog, indigenous
Hydrocharitaceae[]
Family Hydrocharitaceae,[4]
Egeria[]
Genus Egeria:[4]
- Egeria densa Planch. not indigenous, invasive
Elodea[]
Genus Elodea:[4]
- Elodea canadensis Michx. not indigenous, invasive
Halophila[]
- Halophila ovalis (R.Br.) Hook.f.indigenous
- Halophila ovalis (R.Br.) Hook.f. subsp. ovalis indigenous
Hydrilla[]
Genus Hydrilla:[4]
- Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, not indigenous, invasive
Lagarosiphon[]
Genus Lagarosiphon:[4]
- Casp. indigenous
- Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss ex Wager, indigenous
- Harv. indigenous
- Oberm. indigenous
Najas[]
Genus Najas:[4]
- Najas graminea Delile, indigenous
- Najas graminea Delile, var. graminea, indigenous
- A.Braun ex Rendle, indigenous
- Najas marina L. ex Magnus, indigenous
- Najas marina L. ex Magnus subsp. armata (H.Lindb.) Horn, indigenous
- (A.Br.) Rendle, indigenous
Ottelia[]
- (Ridl.) Dandy, indigenous
- (Planch.) Walp. indigenous
- Bremek. & Oberm. accepted as (Planch.) Walp.
Vallisneria[]
Genus Vallisneria:[4]
- Fenzl, accepted as Vallisneria spiralis L.
- Vallisneria spiralis L., indigenous
Juncaginaceae[]
Family Juncaginaceae,[4]
Triglochin[]
Genus Triglochin:[4]
- Kocke, Mering, Kadereit, indigenous
- L. indigenous
- Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. bulbosa, endemic
- Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. calcicola Mering, Kocke & Kadereit, indigenous
- Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. quarcicola Mering, Kocke & Kadereit, endemic
- Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. tenuifolia (Adamson) Horn, endemic
- Buchenau accepted as L.
- Horn, indigenous
- Triglochin striata Ruiz & Pav. indigenous
Lemnaceae[]
Family Lemnaceae,[4]
Lemna[]
- Lemna aequinoctialis Welw. indigenous
- Lemna gibba L. indigenous
- Lemna minor L. indigenous
Spirodela[]
- Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. indigenous
- Spirodela punctata (G.Mey.) C.H.Thomps. indigenous
Wolffia[]
Genus Wolffia:[4]
- Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. indigenous
- Wolffia globosa (Roxb.) Hartog & Plas, indigenous
Wolffiella[]
Genus Wolffiella:[4]
- (Hegelm.) Hegelm. endemic
- (Hegelm.) Monod, indigenous
Limnocharitaceae[]
Family Limnocharitaceae,[4]
Hydrocleys[]
Genus Hydrocleys:[4]
- Hydrocleys nymphoides (Willd.) Buchenau, not indigenous, invasive
Tenagocharis[]
Genus :[4]
- (D.Don) Buchenau, accepted as Butomopsis latifolia (D.Don) Kunth
Potamogetonaceae[]
Family Potamogetonaceae,[4]
Althenia[]
- F.Petit, indigenous
Potamogeton[]
Genus Potamogeton:[4]
- Potamogeton crispus L. indigenous
- Potamogeton nodosus Poir. indigenous
- Potamogeton octandrus Poir. indigenous
- Potamogeton pectinatus L. indigenous
- Potamogeton pusillus L. indigenous
- Solms, indigenous
- A.Benn. indigenous
- Hagstr. accepted as Potamogeton pusillus L.
- Cham. & Schltdl. accepted as Potamogeton nodosus Poir. indigenous
- Potamogeton trichoides Cham. & Schltdl. indigenous
- A.Benn. accepted as A.Benn.
Pseudoalthenia[]
Genus :[4]
- a (Graebn.) Hartog, endemic
Zannichellia[]
Genus Zannichellia:[4]
- Zannichellia palustris L. indigenous
Ruppiaceae[]
Family Ruppiaceae,[4]
Ruppia[]
- Ruppia cirrhosa (Petagna) Grande, indigenous
- Ruppia maritima L. indigenous
Zosteraceae[]
Family Zosteraceae,[4]
Nanozostera[]
Genus Nanozostera:[4]
- (Setch.) Toml. & Posl. accepted as Zostera capensis Setch.
Zostera[]
Genus Zostera:[4]
- Zostera capensis Setch. indigenous
References[]
- ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
- ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
- South African plant biodiversity lists
- Alismatales