List of political parties in the United Kingdom
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2021) |
This article is part of a series on |
Politics of the United Kingdom |
---|
United Kingdom portal
|
The Electoral Commission's Register of Political Parties[1] lists the details of political parties registered to fight elections in the United Kingdom, including their registered name. Under current electoral law, including the Registration of Political Parties Act 1998, the Electoral Administration Act 2006, and the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000, only registered party names can be used on ballot papers by those wishing to fight elections. Candidates who do not belong to a registered party can use "independent" or no label at all. As of 2 August 2019, the Electoral Commission showed the number of registered political parties in Great Britain and Northern Ireland as 408.[2]
Before the middle of the 19th century, politics in the United Kingdom was dominated by the Whigs and the Tories. These were not political parties in the modern sense but somewhat loose alliances of interests and individuals. The Whigs included many of the leading aristocratic dynasties committed to the Protestant succession, and later drew support from elements of the emerging industrial interests and wealthy merchants, while the Tories were associated with the landed gentry, the Church of England and the Church of Scotland.
By the mid 19th century, the Tories had evolved into the Conservative Party, and the Whigs had evolved into the Liberal Party. The concept of right and left came originally from France, where the supporters of a monarchy (constitutional or absolute) sat on the right wing of the National Assembly, and republicans on the left. In the late 19th century, the Liberal Party began to lean towards the left. Liberal Unionists split off from the Liberals over Irish Home Rule and moved closer to the Conservatives over time.
The Liberals and Conservatives dominated the political scene until the 1920s, when the Liberal Party declined in popularity and suffered a long stream of resignations. It was replaced as the main anti-Tory opposition party by the newly emerging Labour Party, which represented an alliance between the labour movement, organised trades unions and various socialist societies.
Since then, the Conservative and Labour parties have dominated British politics, and have alternated in government ever since. However, the UK is not quite a two-party system as other parties have significant support. The Liberal Democrats were the third largest party until the 2015 general election when they were overtaken by the Scottish National Party in terms of seats and UK political party membership, and by the UK Independence Party in terms of votes.
The UK's first-past-the-post electoral system leaves small parties disadvantaged on a UK-wide scale. It can, however, allow parties with concentrations of supporters in the constituent countries to flourish. In the 2015 election, there was widespread controversy[3][4][5] when the UK Independence Party (UKIP) and the Green Party of England and Wales received 4.9 million votes[6] (12.6% of the total vote for UKIP and 3.8% for the Greens) yet only gained one seat each in the House of Commons. After that election, UKIP, the Liberal Democrats, and the Green Party of England and Wales, together with its Scottish and Northern Ireland affiliated parties, the Scottish National Party and Plaid Cymru, delivered a petition signed by 477,000[7] people to Downing Street demanding electoral reform.
Since 1997, proportional representation-based voting systems have been adopted for elections to the Scottish Parliament, the Senedd (Welsh Parliament), the Northern Ireland Assembly, the London Assembly and (until Brexit in 2020) the UK's seats in the European Parliament. In these bodies, other parties have had success.
Traditionally political parties have been private organisations with no official recognition by the state. The Registration of Political Parties Act 1998 changed that by creating a register of parties.
Membership of political parties has been in decline in the UK since the 1950s, falling by over 65% from 1983 (4% of the electorate) to 2005 (1.3%).[8]
House of Commons Parliamentary parties[]
Party | Date of foundation | Political position | Ideology | Leader | House of Commons | House of Lords | Scottish Parliament | Senedd | Northern Ireland Assembly | London Assembly | Local Government | Membership | UK vote share % (2019 general election) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative and Unionist Party | 1834 (1678 as Tory Party) |
Centre-right | Conservatism Economic liberalism British unionism |
Boris Johnson | 364 / 650
|
258 / 824 [Note 1]
|
31 / 129
|
16 / 60
|
N/A | 9 / 25
|
7,044 / 19,698 [9]
|
191,000[10] | 43.6 | ||
Labour Party
|
1900
|
Centre-left | Social democracy Democratic socialism |
Keir Starmer | 198 / 650 [Note 2][Note 3]
|
173 / 824 [Note 4] [Note 5]
|
22 / 129 [Note 6]
|
30 / 60 [Note 7]
|
N/A | 11 / 25
|
6,026 / 19,698 [9]
|
496,000[11] | 32.2 | ||
Scottish National Party | 1934 | Centre-left | Scottish nationalism Scottish independence Social democracy Regionalism Pro-Europeanism Catch-all party |
Nicola Sturgeon | 45 / 650
|
N/A | 64 / 129
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 407 / 19,698 [9]
|
125,482[12] | 3.9 | ||
Liberal Democrats | 1988 (1859 as Liberal Party) (1678 as Whig Party) |
Centre to centre-left | Liberalism Social liberalism Pro-Europeanism |
Ed Davey | 12 / 650
|
86 / 824 [Note 8]
|
4 / 129
|
1 / 60
|
N/A | 2 / 25
|
2,467 / 19,698 [9]
|
120,845[13] | 11.5 | ||
Democratic Unionist Party | 1971 | Centre-right to right-wing | British unionism British nationalism National Conservatism Social conservatism Right-wing populism Hard Euroscepticism |
Jeffrey Donaldson | 8 / 650
|
5 / 824 [Note 9]
|
N/A | N/A | 27 / 90
|
N/A | 122 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.8 | ||
Sinn Féin | 1905 (original); 1970 (current) |
Centre-left to left-wing | Irish republicanism Democratic socialism Left-wing nationalism |
Mary Lou McDonald | 7 / 650 [Note 10]
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 26 / 90
|
N/A | 104 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.6 | ||
Plaid Cymru | 1925 | Centre-left to left-wing | Welsh nationalism Welsh independence Democratic socialism Social democracy Regionalism Civic nationalism Environmentalism |
Adam Price | 3 / 650
|
1 / 824 [Note 11]
|
N/A | 13 / 60
|
N/A | N/A | 194 / 19,698 [9]
|
11,500[14] | 0.5 | ||
Social Democratic and Labour Party | 1970 | Centre-left | Social democracy Irish nationalism |
Colum Eastwood | 2 / 650
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 12 / 90
|
N/A | 55 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.4 | ||
Alba Party | 2021 | Centre-left | Scottish nationalism Scottish independence |
Alex Salmond | 2 / 650
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 11 / 19,698 [9]
|
4,000–4,100[15] | Before party creation | ||
Green Party of England and Wales | 1990 | Left-wing | Green politics Progressivism Pro-Europeanism |
Siân Berry & Jonathan Bartley (job share) |
1 / 650
|
2 / 824 [Note 12]
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 3 / 25
|
453 / 19,698 [9]
|
50,000 | 2.7 | ||
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland | 1970 | Centre to centre-left |
Liberalism Nonsectarianism Pro-Europeanism |
Naomi Long | 1 / 650
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 7 / 90
|
N/A | 53 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.4 |
Parties without representation in the House of Commons, but with representation in other UK legislatures[]
There are a number of political parties in the United Kingdom that do not have representation in the House of Commons, but have elected representatives in the Northern Ireland Assembly and Scottish Parliament These are:
Party | Date of foundation | Political position | Ideology | Leader | House of Commons | House of Lords | Scottish Parliament | Senedd | Northern Ireland Assembly | London Assembly | Local Government | Membership | UK vote share % (2019 general election) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ulster Unionist Party | 1905 | Centre-right | British unionism Conservatism |
Doug Beattie | N/A | 2 / 824 [Note 13]
|
N/A | N/A | 10 / 90
|
N/A | 72 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.3 | ||
Scottish Greens | 1990 | Centre-left to left-wing | Green politics Scottish independence Scottish republicanism Pro-Europeanism |
Patrick Harvie and Lorna Slater (job share) |
N/A | N/A | 8 / 129
|
N/A | N/A | N/A | 18 / 19,698 [9]
|
6,412[16] | 0.1 | ||
Green Party Northern Ireland | 1983 | Centre-left | Green politics Nonsectarianism Pro-Europeanism |
Clare Bailey | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2 / 90
|
N/A | 8 / 19,698 [17]
|
406[18] (May 2015) |
Did not contest | ||
Traditional Unionist Voice | 2007 | Right-wing | British unionism National conservatism Social conservatism Euroscepticism |
Jim Allister | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1 / 90
|
N/A | 6 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.0 | ||
People Before Profit | 2005 | Left-wing | Socialism Trotskyism Anti-capitalism Irish reunification |
Eamonn McCann[Note 14] | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1 / 90
|
N/A | 5 / 19,698
|
Not published | 0.0 |
Party descriptions[]
Party | Description | |
---|---|---|
Conservative and Unionist Party | A party loosely divided into three categories; the Thatcherites, who strongly support a free market and tend to be Eurosceptic, the economically moderate and socially liberal One Nation Conservatives, and the socially conservative, Eurosceptic Cornerstone Group. | |
Labour Party | A social democratic party with democratic socialist elements that has its roots in the trade union movement. The party has several internal factions, which include: Momentum, Open Labour, Progress, Blue Labour, and the Labour members on a split ticket with the Co-operative Party. | |
Scottish National Party | Scottish nationalist and social democratic party which supports Scottish Independence and membership of the European Union or further devolution of powers for Scotland. | |
Liberal Democrats | A liberal party; its main branches are the social liberals based around groups like the Social Liberal Forum, and the 'Orange Book' grouping, which supports classical liberalism. There is also a social democratic faction and influence within the party. Supports membership of the European Union. | |
Democratic Unionist Party | British Unionist and socially conservative, national conservative political party in Northern Ireland. | |
Sinn Féin | Irish republican party dedicated to the reunification of Ireland and the creation of a new republic. | |
Plaid Cymru | Democratic socialist, social democratic, Welsh nationalist party in favour of Welsh independence. | |
Social Democratic and Labour Party | Irish nationalist and social-democratic party supporting a United Ireland. | |
Ulster Unionist Party | A conservative and Unionist party in Northern Ireland. | |
Green Party of England and Wales | Green political party that favours environmentalism, progressivism and sustainability. | |
Scottish Greens | Green political party in favour of Scottish independence and Scottish republicanism. | |
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland | Liberal and nonsectarian political party in Northern Ireland. | |
Green Party in Northern Ireland | Green political and nonsectarian party in Northern Ireland. | |
Traditional Unionist Voice | Strongly social and national conservative unionist party in Northern Ireland. | |
People Before Profit | A socialist and Trotskyist party that is active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. | |
Alba Party | A pro-Scottish independence and Scottish nationalist party founded in February 2021. |
Local government[]
Principal authorities[]
Party | Leader | Ideology | Political position | Local authorities | Councillors | Parish councillors | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ashfield Independents | Jason Zadrozny | N/A | N/A | Ashfield, Nottinghamshire | 41[19][20] | 12 | |
Residents Associations of Epsom and Ewell | Keith Lugton | N/A | N/A | Epsom and Ewell, Surrey | 35[21][22] | 0 | |
Residents for Uttlesford | John Lodge | Localism | N/A | Uttlesford, Essex County Council | 26[23] | 20 | |
Lincolnshire Independents | Marianne Overton | Regionalism | N/A | Lincolnshire | 26[24][25] | 0 | |
Farnham Residents Group | No leader | Localism | N/A | Surrey County Council, Waverley | 20[26][27][22] | 14 | |
Mansfield Independents | Martin Wright | Localism | N/A | Mansfield, Nottinghamshire | 19[28] | 0 | |
Residents for Guildford and Villages | Jonathan Bigmore[29] | Localism Nonpartisan politics |
N/A | Guildford, Surrey | 18[30][22] | 0 | |
Thurrock Independents | Graham Snell | Local politics, Hard Euroscepticism | N/A | Thurrock | 17 | ||
Canvey Island Independent Party | David Blackwell | N/A | N/A | Castle Point, Essex | 16[31][32] | 0 | |
Loughton Residents Association | N/A | Local politics | N/A | Epping Forest District, Essex County Council | 14 | 21 | |
Horwich and Blackrod First | Marie Brady | Localism | N/A | Horwich Town Council, Bolton Council | 13 | 11 | |
Rotherham Democratic Party | Allen Cowles | N/A | N/A | Rotherham | 12 | 0 | |
Ashford Independents | Noel Ovenden | N/A | N/A | Ashford | 12 | 0 | |
City Independent | No Leader | N/A | N/A | Stoke-on-Trent City Council | 12 | 0 | |
East Devon Alliance | Paul Arnott | Localism, Transparency[33] | N/A | East Devon | 11[34] | 0 | |
Swale Independents | Mike Baldock | Localism | N/A | Swale Borough Council | 10 | 0 | |
Temple and Farringdon Together | No leader | Localism | N/A | City of London Corporation | 10[35] | 0 | |
Liberal Party | Steve Radford | Liberalism, Euroscepticism | Centre | Liverpool, Mid Devon, Peterborough, Ryedale | 9[36][37] | 8 | |
UK Independence Party (UKIP) | Neil Hamilton (interim) | Euroscepticism,[38][39] Right-wing populism,[39][40] National conservatism,[41] Economic liberalism,[39] British nationalism[42] | Right-wing[43] to far-right[44][45][46] | Bolton, Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole, Folkestone & Hythe, Great Yarmouth, Pembrokeshire, South Staffordshire, Tamworth, Tendring | 9 | 0 | |
Propel | Neil McEvoy | Welsh nationalism, Welsh independence, Localism, Sovereignism, Anti-nuclearism | N/A | Bridgend, Cardiff, Gwynedd, Neath Port Talbot | 8 | 0 | |
Ashtead Independents | Chris Hunt | Localism | N/A | Mole Valley, Surrey | 8[47][48][49] | 0 | |
Yorkshire Party | Bob Buxton | Yorkshire regionalism, Social democracy | Centre to centre-left | East Riding, Selby, North Yorkshire | 8 | 0 | |
Derwentside Independents | Watts Stelling | N/A | N/A | Durham County Council | 7[50][51] | 5 | |
Hornchurch Residents' Association | Stephanie Jane Nunn[52] | Localism | N/A | Havering London Borough Council | 7[53] | 0 | |
Thornaby Independent Association | No Leader | Localism | N/A | Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council | 7 | 0 | |
Rochford District Residents | No Leader | Localism | N/A | Rochford District, Essex County Council | 7 | 0 | |
Llais Gwynedd | Owain Williams | Gwynedd regionalism | N/A | Gwynedd | Gwynedd Council[54]
6 / 75 [55]
|
0 | |
Reform Derby | Alan Graves senior | Localism | N/A | Derby | 6 [Note 15] | 0 | |
Runnymede Independent Residents' Group | No leader | N/A | N/A | Runnymede | 6 | 0 | |
Upminster and Cranham Residents' Association | Linda Hawthorn | Localism | N/A | Havering London Borough Council | 6 | 0 | |
Our West Lancashire | Adrian Owens | Localism | N/A | West Lancashire Borough Council | 6[56] | 0 | |
Molesey Residents’ Association | Stuart Selleck | Localism | N/A | Surrey County Council, Elmbridge Borough Council | 6[57][22][58] | 0 | |
Burnley and Padiham Independent Party | Mark Payne | Localism | N/A | Burnley Borough Council | 5 | 0 | |
Basingstoke & Deane Independents | Ian Tilbury | Localism | N/A | Basingstoke and Deane | 5 | 0 | |
Morley Borough Independents | Robert Finnigan | Independent politics, Localism | N/A | Leeds City Council | 5 | 0 | |
Thames Ditton & Weston Green Residents' Association | Graham Cooke[59] | Localism | N/A | Elmbridge Borough Council | 5[60][22][58] [Note 16] | 0 | |
Alliance for Local Living | Felicity Rice | Localism, nonpartisanism | N/A | Dorset Council, Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council | 5 | 0 | |
Poole People Party | Mark Howell | Localism
Nonpartisanism |
N/A | Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council | 5 | 0 | |
Old Windsor Residents' Association | Lynne Jones and Malcolm Beer | Localism | N/A | Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Council | Local government
5 / 57 [61]
|
0 | |
Mebyon Kernow | Dick Cole | Cornish nationalism, Civic nationalism, Regionalism, Social democracy, Environmentalism, Pro-Europeanism |
Centre-left | Cornwall | Cornwall Council[62][63]
5 / 87
|
0 | |
Farnworth and Kearsley First | Peter Flitcroft | Localism | N/A | Bolton Council | Bolton Council 5 / 60
|
0 | |
Tunbridge Wells Alliance | Nicholas Pope[64] | N/A | N/A | Tunbridge Wells | 5[19][65] | 0 | |
Residents of Wilmslow | No Leader | Localism | N/A | Cheshire East Council | 4 | 4 | |
Reform UK | Richard Tice | Populism, Euroscepticism | Right-wing | Derby, Redbridge, Swale [Note 17] | 4[66][67][68][69] [Note 18][70] | 3 | |
Progressive Unionist Party | Billy Hutchinson | British unionism, Democratic socialism, Social democracy | Centre-left | Belfast, Causeway Coast and Glens | 4[71][72] | 0 | |
Independent Community and Health Concern | Dr Richard Taylor | N/A | Single-issue | Wyre Forest, Worcestershire, Shropshire | 4[9] | 0 | |
Barnsley Independent Group | Phillip Birkinshaw | N/A | N/A | Barnsley | 4[73] | 0 | |
Brockworth First | No Leader | Localism | N/A | Tewkesbury Borough Council | 4 | 0 | |
North East Party | Mark Burdon | Regionalism, Subsidiarity, Progressivism | Centre to centre-left | Durham | 4 | 0 | |
Newport Independents Party | Kevin Whitehead | Social democracy, Localism | Centre | Newport, South Wales | 4 [74] | 0 | |
Tattenhams & Preston Residents | No leader | Localism | N/A | Reigate and Banstead, Surrey | 4[75] [Note 19] | 0 | |
Nork Residents' Association | No leader | Localism | N/A | Reigate and Banstead, Surrey | 4[75][22] [Note 20] | 0 | |
Nottingham Independents | Francesco Lari | N/A | N/A | Nottingham City Council, Gedling Borough Council, Nottinghamshire | 3 [76] | 1 | |
Democrats and Veterans | John Rees-Evans | Euroscepticism, Libertarianism, Direct democracy[77] | N/A | Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council, Hartlepool Borough Council | 3[78][79][80] | 1 | |
People Against Bureaucracy | Malcolm Stennett | Transparency | N/A | Cheltenham, Gloucestershire | 3[81][82] | 0 | |
Guildford Greenbelt Group | Susan Parker | Environmentalism | N/A | Guildford | 3[83] | 0 | |
Teesville Independents | No leader | Localism | N/A | Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council | 3 | 0 | |
H&E Matters | No leader | N/A | N/A | Tendring District | 3 | 0 | |
Newcastle Independents | Jason Smith | Localism | N/A | Newcastle City Council | 3[84] | 0 | |
Fairfield and Yarm Independents | No leader | Localism | N/A | Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council | 3 | 0 | |
Ingleby Barwick Independent Society | Kenneth Dixon | Localism | N/A | Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council | 3 | 0 | |
Swanscombe and Greenhithe Residents' Association | Peter Martin Harman | Localism | N/A | Dartford Borough Council | 3 | 0 | |
Merton Park Ward Residents Association | Peter Southgate | Localism | Centre to centre-left | Merton London Borough Council | Merton London Borough Council
3 / 60
|
0 | |
Highwoods Group | Beverley Oxford | N/A | N/A | Colchester | 3[85] | 0 | |
Hinchley Wood Residents Association | Saranne Bristow[86] | Localism | N/A | Elmbridge Borough Council | 3 [87][58] [Note 21] | 0 | |
Harold Wood Hill Park Residents Association | Darren Wise | Localism | N/A | Havering London Borough Council | 3 | 0 | |
Independent Union | Shane Moore | Localism, Euroscepticism | N/A | Hartlepool | 2[68] | 0 | |
Henley Residents Group | No leader | N/A | N/A | South Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire | 2[88] | 6 | |
The Borough First[89] | Charles Hollingsworth | N/A | N/A | Windsor and Maidenhead | 2[90] | 0 | |
Morecambe Bay Independents | Roger Dennison | Localism | N/A | Lancaster | 2[91] | 0 | |
Tewkesbury and Twyning Independent | No Leader | Localism | N/A | Tewkesbury Borough Council | 2 | 0 | |
Aontú | Peadar Tóibín | Anti-abortion, Irish republicanism, Irish reunification, Social conservatism, Soft Euroscepticism |
Syncretic | Derry City and Strabane District Council, Mid Ulster District Council | Local government in Northern Ireland
2 / 462
|
0 | |
Orkney Manifesto Group | Rachael King | Localism Social liberalism |
Centre to centre-left | Orkney Islands Council | Orkney Islands Council
2 / 21
|
0 | |
Uplands Party[92] | Peter May | Localism | N/A | Swansea Council | 2 | 0 | |
Weybridge & St. George's Independents | no leader | Localism | N/A | Elmbridge Borough Council | 2[93][58] | 0 | |
West Words | no leader | N/A | N/A | Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council | 2 | 0 | |
Bollington First | Amanda Stott | Localism | N/A | Cheshire East | 2 | 0 | |
Lytham St. Anne's Independents | John Raymond Davies | Localism | N/A | Borough of Fylde | 2 | 0 | |
The Walton Society | No leader | Localism | N/A | Elmbridge Borough Council | 2[94][58] | 0 | |
Esher Residents Association | No leader | Localism | N/A | Elmbridge Borough Council | 2[95][58] | 0 | |
South Woodham Ferrers Independents | John Miller | Localism | N/A | Chelmsford City Council | 2 | 0 | |
Wickford Independents | No leader | Localism | N/A | Basildon Borough Council | 2[96] | 0 | |
Alderley Edge First | Mike Dudley-Jones | Localism | N/A | Cheshire East | 1 | 9 | |
Handforth Ratepayers' Association | No leader | Localism | N/A | Cheshire East | 1 | 2 | |
For Britain Movement | Anne Marie Waters | Anti-Islam, Right-wing populism, British nationalism, National conservatism, Hard Euroscepticism |
Far-right | Epping Forest District Council | 1[97] | 0 | |
Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party | Richard Suchorzewski | Welsh Parliament abolition | N/A | Powys | 1[98] | 0 | |
West Dunbartonshire Community Party | Drew MacEoghainn | Socialism | Left-wing | West Dunbartonshire | West Dunbartonshire Council
1 / 22
|
0 | |
The Rubbish Party | Sally Cogley | Localism, Environmentalism | N/A | East Ayrshire | 1[99] | 0 | |
Militant Left | N/A | Democratic socialism Trotskyism |
Left-wing to far-left | Fermanagh and Omagh District Council | 1[100] | 0 | |
Aspire | Kalam Mahmud Abu Taher Choudhury | Social democracy, Localism | N/A | Tower Hamlets Council | Tower Hamlets Council
1 / 45 [101]
|
0 | |
Independence for Scotland Party | Colette Walker | Scottish independence, Pro-EFTA | N/A | Argyll and Bute Council | 1 | 0 | |
Scotia Future | Charles Brodie | Scottish independence | N/A | Renfrewshire Council | 1 | 0 | |
Heavy Woollen District Independents | Aleksandar Lukic | Localism | N/A | Kirklees Council | 1[80] | 0 | |
West Suffolk Independents | Victor Lukaniuk | Localism | N/A | Suffolk County Council | 1[102] | 0 | |
National Flood Prevention Party | Ewan Larcombe | N/A | N/A | Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Council | 1 | 0 | |
Putting Cumbria First | Jonathan Davies | Localism | N/A | Allerdale Borough Council | 1[103] | 0 | |
East Cleveland Independent | No leader | Localism | N/A | Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council | 1[104] | 0 | |
Wythall Residents' Association | No leader | Localism | N/A | Bromsgrove District | 1[105][22] | 0 |
Civil parishes and community councils[]
Party | Leader | Ideology | Political position | Councillors | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independents for Frome | Richard Ackroyd | Localism, Conservation | N/A | 17[106] | |
Devizes Guardians | Nigel Carter | Localism, Conservation | N/A | 11[107] | |
Ecclesfield Parish Independent Councillors | Robert John Brownrigg | Localism | N/A | 10 | |
Independents for Rame and Maker (INFORM) | Ian Turpitt | Localism | N/A | 9 | |
The Haswells Community Party | Chris Hood | Localism | N/A | 9 | |
Our Ryde | Michael Lilley | Localism | N/A | 9 | |
Official Monster Raving Loony Party | Howling Laud Hope | Political satirism, Populism | Big tent | 6 | |
Ideal Bradford | Dominic Newton | Localism | N/A | 6 | |
Wells Independents | Philip Welch | Localism | N/A | 5 | |
South Tyneside Independent Group | Glenn Thompson | Localism | N/A | 5 | |
Edlington and Warmsworth First | no leader | Localism | N/A | 3 | |
Animal Welfare Party | Vanessa Hudson | Animal welfare | N/A | 1[108] | |
Cornish Nationalist Party | Androw Hawke | Cornish nationalism, Cornish devolution, Pan-Celticism | Right-wing | 1[109] | |
Gwlad | Gwyn Wigley Evans | Welsh nationalism, Welsh independence | Centre-right | 2[110] | |
Hampshire Independents | Alan Stone | Localism | N/A | 1[111] | |
Women's Equality Party | Mandu Reid | Feminism, Pro-Europeanism | N/A | 1[112] | |
Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition (TUSC) | Dave Nellist | Trade unionism, Socialism, Euroscepticism | Left-wing to far-left | 1[113] | |
Sutton Residents' Party | Elizabeth Sarah Parry | Localism | N/A | 1 |
No elected UK representation[]
This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2018) |
This is a table of notable minor parties. Many parties are registered with the Electoral Commission but do not qualify for this list as they have not received significant independent coverage. Parties active across Ireland may have representation in the Republic of Ireland but not Northern Ireland.
Party | Leader | Ideology | Political position | |
---|---|---|---|---|
4 Freedoms Party (UK EEP) | Dirk Hazell | Conservatism, Pro-Europeanism | Centre-right | |
Advance Together | Annabel Mullin | Social liberalism, Subsidiarity, Reformism, Pro-Europeanism | Centre | |
Britain First | Paul Golding | British Fascism, Ultranationalism, British unionism, Anti-Islamism, Euroscepticism | Far-right | |
British Democrats | Andrew Brons | Ultranationalism, British unionism, British fascism, Sovereignism, Right-wing populism, Euroscepticism |
Far-right | |
British National Party | Adam Walker | British Fascism, Right-wing populism, White nationalism, White supremacism, Ethnic nationalism, Ultranationalism, Hard Euroscepticism |
Far-right | |
Britannica Party | Charles Baillie | British Fascism, Right-wing populism | Far-right | |
Burning Pink | Roger Hallam | Environmentalism | N/A | |
Christian Party | Jeff Green | Christian right, Euroscepticism, Social conservatism, British unionism | Right-wing | |
Christian Peoples Alliance | Sidney Cordle | Christian democracy, Social conservatism, Euroscepticism | Right-wing | |
Church of the Militant Elvis Party | David Bishop | Political satire, Green politics | Centre-left | |
The Common Good | Dick Rodgers | Christian democracy, Social conservatism, Anti-Islam | N/A | |
Communist League | No clear leader | Communism, Euroscepticism | Far-left | |
Communist Party of Britain | Robert Griffiths | Communism, Marxism–Leninism | Far-left | |
Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist) |
No clear leader | Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Hard Euroscepticism | Far-left | |
Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) |
Ella Rule | Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Anti-revisionism, Anti-revisionism, Anti-Zionism,[114] Hard Euroscepticism,[115] Social conservatism[116][117] | Far-left | |
Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee) |
Collective leadership | Communism, Leninism, Anti-Stalinism | Far-left | |
Duma Polska | John Zylinski | Pro-Europeanism, Minority rights, Polish minority interests | N/A | |
Fianna Fáil (Major party in the Republic of Ireland) |
Micheál Martin | Conservatism, Christian democracy, Irish nationalism, Pro-Europeanism | Centre to centre-right | |
English Democrats | Robin Tilbrook | English nationalism, English independence, English parliamentary devolution, Euroscepticism |
Right-wing to far-right | |
Éirígí | Brian Leeson | Socialism, Irish republicanism, Anti-imperialism, Euroscepticism, Environmentalism |
Left-wing to far-left | |
Irish Republican Socialist Party | Collective leadership | Irish republicanism, Socialism, Marxism-Leninism, Left-wing nationalism, Left-wing populism, Internationalism, Anti-globalisation, United Ireland, Euroscepticism |
Far-left | |
Lewisham People Before Profit | Patricia Richardson | Socialism, Localism | Left-wing | |
Left Unity | Sharon McCourt Joseph Healy Nick Jones (Principal Speakers) |
Socialism, Anti-capitalism, Environmentalism, Feminism, Anti-racism, Pro-Europeanism |
Left-wing | |
Libertarian Party | Adam Brown | Libertarianism, Classical liberalism, Euroscepticism | N/A | |
National Health Action Party | Alastair Fischer and Veronika Wagner | Re-nationalisation of the NHS, Social democracy, Environmentalism, Anti-austerity, Reformism |
Centre-left | |
National Front | Tony Martin | Fascism, Neo-fascism, British nationalism, White supremacism Factions: Neo-Nazism, Radical populism, Third Positionism |
Far-right | |
National Liberal Party | Upkar Singh Rai | Decentralisation, Euroscepticism, Direct democracy, Anti-capitalism | Far-right | |
New Communist Party of Britain | Andy Brooks | Communism, Marxism-Leninism, Anti-revisionism, Hard Euroscepticism | Far-left | |
Northern Independence Party | Philip Proudfoot and Evie McGovern | Northern independence, Democratic socialism | Left-wing | |
Peace Party | John Morris | Pacifism, Environmentalism | N/A | |
Renew Party | James Clarke | Pro-Europeanism | Centre | |
Republican Sinn Féin | Seosamh Ó Maoileoin | Irish republicanism, Irish nationalism, Éire Nua, Socialism, Euroscepticism, Abstentionism, Secularism |
Left-wing | |
Restore Scotland | David McHutchon | Scottish independence Conservatism Euroscepticism |
N/A | |
Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist) |
Chris Coleman | Communism, Anti-revisionism, Hoxhaism, Marxism–Leninism | Far-left | |
Saoradh | Collective leadership | Irish republicanism, Dissident republicanism, Socialism, Anti-capitalism, Anti-imperialism | Far-left | |
Scottish Democratic Alliance | Robert Lamb Watson | Scottish independence, Hard Euroscepticism | Centre-right | |
Scottish Libertarian Party | Tam Laird | Libertarianism, Classical liberalism, Minarchism, Individualism, Scottish independence, Euroscepticism | N/A | |
Scottish Socialist Party | Collective leadership | Democratic socialism, Anti-capitalism, Scottish independence, Scottish republicanism | Left-wing | |
Scottish Unionist Party | Daniel Houston | Scottish unionism, British unionism, Anti-Scottish Parliament | Right-wing | |
Social Democratic Party | William Clouston | Social democracy, Communitarianism, Euroscepticism, Social conservatism |
Centre to centre-left | |
Socialist Equality Party | No clear leader | Orthodox Trotskyism | Far-left | |
Socialist Labour Party | Arthur Scargill | Socialism, Anti-capitalism, Fiscal localism, Republicanism, Hard Euroscepticism |
Left-wing | |
Socialist Party (England and Wales) | Hannah Sell | Trotskyism | Far-left | |
Socialist Party (Ireland) | Collective leadership | Democratic socialism, Political radicalism, Trotskyism, Euroscepticism |
Left-wing to far-left | |
Socialist Party of Great Britain | Collective leadership | Socialism, Marxism, Impossibilism | Far-left | |
Socialist Party Scotland | No clear leader | Socialism, Trotskyism, Trade unionism | Far-left | |
Socialist Workers Party | Collective leadership | Trotskyism | Far-left | |
Solidarity | Tommy Sheridan | Socialism, Scottish independence, Scottish republicanism, Euroscepticism | Left-wing to far-left | |
Something New | Dr James Smith | No fixed ideology | Centre Syncretic | |
Taking The Initiative Party | Charles Gordon and Sasha Johnson | Anti-racism, Collectivism, Pro-Europeanism | Left-wing | |
UK European Union Party | Pierre Kirk | Pro-Europeanism, Cultural liberalism, Social liberalism, Fiscal conservatism |
Centre | |
Veterans and People's Party | Robin Horsfall | Islamophobia, Right-wing populism, British nationalism, Hard Euroscepticism, Conservatism | Right-wing | |
Volt UK | Philipp Gnatzy | Pro-Europeanism, European federalism, Social liberalism, Progressivism | Centre to centre-left | |
Wessex Regionalists | Jim Gunter | Wessex regionalism, Agrarianism | N/A | |
Whig Party | Waleed Ghani | Pro-Europeanism, Social progressivism, Whiggism | Centre | |
Workers Party of Britain | George Galloway | N/A | N/A | |
Workers' Party of Ireland | Michael Donnelly | Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Irish republicanism, Euroscepticism | Far-left | |
Workers Revolutionary Party | Joshua Ogunleye | Trotskyism, Euroscepticism, Healyism | Far-left | |
Young People's Party | Thomas Hall | Tax reform, Georgism, Egalitarianism | N/A | |
Republican Network for Unity | Gary McNally | Irish republicanism, Socialism | Left-wing |
Defunct parties[]
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: this section appears to have no current order. Please place the parties in alphabetical order for easier navigation. (January 2021) |
Party | Foundation/ dissolution |
Leader at dissolution | Ideology | Political position | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harold Hill Independent[118] | 2017-2018 | Lorraine Moss | Localism | N/A | |
Borders Party | 2006-2020 | Frances Pringle | Localism | N/A | |
Cannabis Is Safer Than Alcohol | 2015–2016 | Paul Birch | Cannabis legalisation | N/A | |
The Independent Group for Change | 2019 | Anna Soubry | Centrism, Pro-Europeanism | Centre | |
Countryside Party | 2000–2008 | No clear leader | Agrarianism, Conservatism | N/A | |
Democratic Alliance of Wales | 1999–2008 | Mike German | Localism | N/A | |
Democratic Labour | 1972–1979 | Dick Taverne | Social democracy | Centre-left | |
Democratic Party | 1998–2010 | Geoff Southall | Euroscepticism, Direct democracy | Right-wing | |
Fellowship Party | 1955–2007 | Sidney Fagan | Environmentalism, Pacifism, Christian socialism | Left-wing | |
Islamic Party of Britain | 1989–2006 | David Musa Pidcock | Islamism | Third position | |
Jury Team | 2009–2011 | Sir Paul Judge | Nonpartisan politics, Localism, Direct democracy | Big tent | |
Legalise Cannabis Alliance | 1997–2013 | Peter Reynolds | Cannabis legalisation, Drug policy reform | N/A | |
Make Politicians History | 2005–2009 | Ronnie Carroll | Anti-Parliamentarianism | N/A | |
Natural Law Party | 1992–2004 | No clear leader | Pro-Transcendental Meditation | N/A | |
New Party | 2003–2010 | Richard Vass | Neoliberalism, Economic liberalism, Internationalism, Euroscepticism, Right-libertarianism |
Right-wing | |
Pirate Party | 2009–2020 | Harley James Faggetter | Pirate politics, Civil libertarianism | N/A | |
RISE – Scotland's Left Alliance | 2015–2020 | Jonathon Shafi | Anti-capitalism, Eco-socialism, Scottish independence, Scottish republicanism | Left-wing | |
Tower Hamlets First | 2013–2015 | Lutfur Rahman | Social democracy, Localism | Centre-left | |
New Deal | 2013–2015 | Alan Sked | Euroscepticism, Social liberalism | Centre-left | |
Anti-Federalist League (Later became what is now UKIP) |
1991–1993 | Alan Sked | Euroscepticism | Right-wing | |
Liberal Party (Merged with SDP to make Liberal Democrats) |
1859–1988 | David Steel[Note 22] | Liberalism, Classical liberalism, Social liberalism | Centre | |
No Candidate Deserves My Vote! | 2000–2012 | Amanda Ringwood | Electoral reform, None of the above | N/A | |
Green Party UK Predecessor of the GPEW, SGP, and GPNI. |
1985–1990 | Tom Wood | Green politics | Left-wing | |
Ecology Party | 1975–1985 | Tony Whittaker | Green politics | N/A | |
Social Democratic Alliance | 1975–1981 | No clear leader | Social democracy, Anti-communism | Centre to centre-left | |
Social Democratic Party (Merged with old Liberal Party to make Liberal Democrats) |
1981–1988 | Robert Maclennan[Note 23] | Social democracy, Social liberalism | Centre | |
Trust Party | 2010–2011 | Stuart Wheeler | Soft Euroscepticism | N/A | |
United in Europe | 2014–2015 | Charles Cormack | Pro-Europeanism | Single-issue | |
Veritas | 2005–2015 | Therese Muchewicz | Right-wing populism, Euroscepticism | Right-wing | |
Referendum Party | 1994–1997 | James Goldsmith | Euroscepticism | Single-issue | |
No2EU | 2009–2014 | No clear leader | Euroscepticism, Socialism | Left-wing | |
We Demand a Referendum Now | 2012–2014 | Nikki Sinclaire | Euroscepticism | Single-issue | |
Independence from Europe | 2012–2017 | Mike Nattrass | Euroscepticism, State ownership, Direct democracy, English devolution |
N/A | |
Independent Working Class Association | 1995-2020 | No clear leader | Socialism, Localism | Left-wing | |
Socialist People's Party (Furness) | 1995–2015 | Jim Hamezian | Socialism | Left-wing | |
Pro-Euro Conservative Party | 1999–2001 | John Stevens Brendan Donnelly |
One-nation conservatism, Liberal conservatism, Pro-Europeanism |
Centre to centre-right | |
United Kingdom First Party | 2009-2010 | Robin Page | Populism, Euroscepticism | N/A | |
Respect Party | 2004–2016 | George Galloway | Anti-war, Socialism, Anti-capitalism, Anti-imperialism, Anti-Zionism, Euroscepticism |
Left-wing to far-left | |
Left List | 2008–2010 | Collective leadership | Socialism | Left-wing | |
Class War | 2014–2015 | No clear leader | Anarchism | Left-wing to far-left | |
November 9th Society | 1977–2009 | Kevin Quinn | Neo-Nazism, White nationalism, White supremacy | Far-right | |
National Democrats | 1995–2011 | No clear leader | British nationalism, Right-wing populism, Third positionism, Euroscepticism, National conservatism |
Far-right | |
White Nationalist Party | 2002–2005 | No clear leader | White nationalism, Neo-fascism, White supremacy | Far-right | |
Freedom Party | 2000–2006 | Adrian Davies | Anti-immigration, Protectionism | Right-wing to far-right | |
England First | 2003–2012 | Mark Cotterill | Ethnic nationalism, English nationalism, English independence, Euroscepticism |
Far-right | |
Nationalist Alliance | 2005–2008 | Catherine Parker-Brown | White supremacy | Far-right | |
British Freedom Party | 2010–2012 | Kevin Carroll | British nationalism, Euroscepticism, Anti-Islam | Far-right | |
Liberty GB | 2013–2017 | Paul Weston | Hard Euroscepticism, Right-wing populism, British nationalism, Social conservatism |
Far-right | |
Boston Bypass Independents | 2006–2011 | Richard Austin | Localism | N/A | |
Community Action Party | 2002–2016 | Michael Moulding | Environmentalism, Localism | Centre-left | |
The Community Group (Hounslow) | 1994–2016 | Ian Speed | Localism | N/A | |
For Darwen Party | 2007–2013 | Stephen Potter | Localism, Hard Euroscepticism | N/A | |
Northern Party | 2015–2016 | Michael Dawson | Northern England Regionalism | N/A | |
One London | 2005–2008 | Damian Hockney | Euroscepticism | N/A | |
People's Democratic Party | 2012–2017 | Lee Robert Holmes | Localism, Centrism, Social justice, Populism | Centre | |
The Independents | 2019 | No leader | N/A | N/A | |
Communist Party of Scotland | 1992–2017(?) | No clear leader | Communism, Marxism-Leninism, Scottish independence | Far-left | |
East Kilbride Alliance | 2007–2012 | No clear leader | Localism | Centre-left | |
Fishing Party (Scotland) | 2003–2004 | George Geddes | N/A | Single-issue | |
Highlands and Islands Alliance | 1998–2004 | Lorraine Mann | Localism, Regionalism, Soft Euroscepticism | N/A | |
Publican Party | 2005–2007 | No clear leader | Anti-smoking ban | Single-issue | |
Scottish Jacobite Party | 2005–2007 & 2010–2011 |
John Black | Scottish independence, Scottish republicanism, Euroscepticism |
N/A | |
Scottish Enterprise Party (Now Scottish Democratic Alliance) |
2004–2009 | Robert Lamb Watson | Scottish independence, Hard Euroscepticism | Centre-right | |
Scottish Voice | 2007–2012 | Archie Stirling | N/A | Centre-right | |
Blaenau Gwent People's Voice | 2005–2010 | No clear leader | Localism, Populism | N/A | |
Forward Wales | 2003–2010 | John Marek | Socialism, Welsh nationalism | Left-wing | |
NI21 | 2013–2016 | Basil McCrea | Ulster unionism, Social liberalism, Secularism, Nonsectarianism, Pro-Europeanism |
Centre | |
Northern Ireland Women's Coalition | 1996–2006 | Monica McWilliams Pearl Sagar |
Feminism, Nonsectarianism | N/A | |
Protestant Coalition | 2013–2015 | Robert McKee | Irish unionism, Ulster loyalism, British nationalism, Christian fundamentalism, Christian right |
Far-right | |
Ulster Popular Unionist Party | 1980–1995 | James Kilfedder | British unionism, Pro-devolution | Centre-right | |
UK Unionist Party | 1995–2008 | Robert McCartney | British unionism, Nonsectarianism, Integrationism | Centre-right | |
United Ulster Unionist Party | 1975–1984 | Ernest Baird | Ulster loyalism | N/A | |
Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party | 1972–1978 | William Craig | British nationalism, Ulster loyalism | Right-wing to far-right | |
ProLife Alliance | 1996–2004 | Josephine Quintavalle Bruno Quintavalle |
Anti-abortion | Single-issue | |
Fancy Dress Party | 1979–2017 | Steven Fumpleton | Political satire | N/A | |
Free Party | 2001–2002 | No clear leader | N/A | N/A | |
MP3 Party | 2002–2007 | Ruslan Fedorovsky | Political satire | N/A | |
Raving Loony Green Giant Party | 1989–1993 | Stuart Hughes | Environmentalism, Political satire | N/A | |
Rock 'n' Roll Loony Party | 2000–2007 | Chris Driver | Political satire | N/A |
Historical parties[]
- Campaign for Social Democracy (1973–1974).
- Liberal Unionist Party (1886–1912).
- National Democratic and Labour Party (1918–1923).
- National Liberal Party (1922–1923).
- National Liberal Party (1931–1968).
- New Party (1931) (1931–1932).
- Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1931–1951, 1965–1978).
- Women's Party (1917–1919).
- Anti Common Market and Free Trade Party (1967–1988).
- Social Democratic Federation (1884–1911).
- Independent Labour Party (1893–1975).
- Socialist Labour Party (1903–1980).
- British Socialist Party (1911–1920).
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (1912–1941).
- National Socialist Party (1916–1919).
- Communist Party of Great Britain (1920–1991).
- United Socialist Movement (1934–1965).
- Common Wealth Party (1942–1945).
- Revolutionary Communist Party (1944–1950).
- Revolutionary Workers' Party (1962–1990s).
- Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity (1963–c.1972).
- International Marxist Group (1968–1982). (Organised the electoral coalition Socialist Unity.)
- Working People's Party of England (1968–1986).
- British Fascisti (1920s–1930s).
- British Union of Fascists (1930s).
- British People's Party (1940s).
- Union Movement (1948–1973).
- National Labour Party (1957–1960).
- British National Party (1960–1967).
- National Democratic Party (1960s–1970s).
- British Movement (1968–1983).
- National Independence Party (1970s)
- United Country Party (1970s).
- National Party (1975–1977).
- Constitutional Movement (1979–1984).
- British Democratic Party (1979–1982).
- Flag Group (1980s).
- Official National Front (1986–1989).
- Vectis National Party (1970s) – Isle of Wight regionalist party.
- Crofters Party.
- Fife Socialist League (1950s–1960s).
- Highland Land League (1909–1920s).
- National Party of Scotland (1928–1934).
- Orkney and Shetland Movement.
- Progressives (Scotland) (1920s–1970s).
- Labour Party of Scotland (1973).
- Scottish Labour Party (1888–1893).
- Scottish Labour Party (1976–1981).
- Scottish Militant Labour (1990s).
- Scottish Party (1932–1934).
- Scottish Prohibition Party (1901–1935).
- Scottish Socialist Alliance.
- Scottish Socialist Federation.
- Scottish Voice.
- Scottish Workers' Representation Committee (1899–1909).
- Scottish Workers Republican Party.
- Unionist Party (Scotland) (1912–1965).
- Workers Party of Scotland.
- Communist Party of South Wales and the West of England.
- All-for-Ireland Party (1910–1918).
- British Ulster Dominion Party.
- Irish Independence Party.
- Irish Parliamentary Party.
- Irish Unionist Alliance.
- Labour Party of Northern Ireland.
- Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland).
- Ulster Liberal Party.
- Ulster Labour Unionists.
See also[]
- Timeline of political parties in the United Kingdom
- List of political parties in the United Kingdom by representation
- List of political parties in the United Kingdom opposed to austerity
- Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom
- List of political parties by country
- Politics of the United Kingdom
- Political party affiliation in the United Kingdom
- Elections in the United Kingdom
- List of political parties in Northern Ireland
- List of political parties in Scotland
- List of political parties in Wales
- List of political parties in the Isle of Man (a British Crown dependency)
- List of political parties in Gibraltar (a British overseas territory)
- Index of UK party meta attributes
Notes[]
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Including 26 as Lab Co-op.
- ^ The Speaker, Sir Lindsay Hoyle, is not included in this tally as the speaker stands in the election as "Speaker seeking re-election" and no longer has ties with their original party.
- ^ Including 16 as Lab Co-op.
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Including 7 as Lab Co-op.
- ^ Including 11 as Lab Co-op.
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Sinn Fein operate a policy of Abstentionism and do not take their Commons seats
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Including absent, suspended and temporarily disqualified members.
- ^ Party operates a policy of collective leadership, but Eamonn McCann is listed as the party's leader for the purposes of registration to the UK Electoral Commission.
- ^ 2 sit as Reform Derby and Reform UK
- ^ 1 member sits as a member of the Hinchley Wood Residents' Association and the Thames Ditton & Weston Green Residents' Association
- ^ Two town councillors are on Newquay Town Council, the other a Parish Councillor on the Isle of Sheppey / Swale
- ^ 2 sit as Reform Derby and Reform UK
- ^ 1 member sits as a member of the Nork Residents' Association and the Tattenham & Preston Residents' Association
- ^ 1 member sits as a member of the Nork Residents' Association and the Tattenham & Preston Residents' Association
- ^ 1 member sits as a member of the Hinchley Wood Residents' Association and the Thames Ditton & Weston Green Residents' Association
- ^ The SDP-Liberal Alliance at dissolution was jointly led by Steel as the leader of the Liberal Party and Robert Maclennan as the leader of the SDP.
- ^ The SDP-Liberal Alliance at dissolution was jointly led by David Steel as the leader of the Liberal Party and Maclennan as the leader of the SDP.
References[]
- ^ "Party Finance – The Electoral Commission : Regulatory issues : Political parties : Registers : Register of political parties". Search.electoralcommission.org.uk. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "Search – The Electoral Commission". electoralcommission.org.uk. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
- ^ "Whatever you think of Ukip or the Greens, our electoral system is robbing them". 14 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "Green party leader condemns first-past-the-post voting system". 9 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "General Election 2015: Sixty per cent of people want voting reform, says survey". 5 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "Election 2015". Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "Green party and Ukip join forces to demand electoral overhaul". 18 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ John Marshall: Membership of UK political parties; House of Commons, SN/SG/5125; 2009, page 6. http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/briefings/snsg-05125.pdf Retrieved 5 January 2012
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Local Council Political Compositions". Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- ^ Quote from James Cleverly from Jack Blanchard on Politico Retrieved 3 October 2019
- ^ Evans, Joe (23 November 2020). "Keir Starmer hit by 'exodus' of Labour members led by Jeremy Corbyn supporters". The Week. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
- ^ Keen, Richard; Audickas, Lukas (3 September 2018). "SNP membership overtakes Conservatives across UK" (PDF). www.BBC.com. British Broadcasting Company. p. 13. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
Data from the House of Commons Library shows the SNP has just under 125,500 registered members, compared to 124,000 for the Tories.
- ^ @LibDemPress (6 September 2019). ".@joswinson celebrates our membership reaching over 120,000 people" (Tweet). Retrieved 15 February 2021 – via Twitter.
- ^ "Plaid Cymru see 25% membership boost following Adam Price's leadership victory". 12 October 2018.
- ^ Davidson, Peter (2 April 2021). "Alex Salmond's Alba Party sees membership pass 4,000 as founder hails 'Scotland's new political force'". Daily Record. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ^ Scottish Green Party loses 30% of members since 2014 Retrieved 18 October 2019
- ^ "Northern Ireland local elections 2019". BBC News. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
- ^ "Greens' growth has just begun". Belfast Telegraph. 31 March 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ^ Jump up to: a b http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=25&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ https://electionresults.nottinghamshire.gov.uk/2021[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=235&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g https://mycouncil.surreycc.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=16&RPID=31562713[bare URL]
- ^ "Residents for Uttlesford County & District Councillors". Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=166&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ https://www.lincolnshirelive.co.uk/news/local-news/full-results-lincolnshire-county-council-5388241[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=102&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ https://modgov.waverley.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=49&RPID=0[bare URL]
- ^ "Mansfield District Council - List of Councillors". Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ Residents for Guildford and Villages Electoral Commission
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=236&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ "Councillors". Castle Point Borough Council. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ https://www.essex.gov.uk/Your-Council/Councillors/Documents/Members.pdf[bare URL]
- ^ "East Devon Alliance History". Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
- ^ "Council political composition". East Devon District Council. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
- ^ "Your Representatives". 20 February 2017.
- ^ "Local Council Political Compositions". www.gwydir.demon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
- ^ "Town and Parish Council elections - 6 May 2021". Cornwall Council. 8 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ Lynch, Whitaker & Loomes 2012, p. 733 ; Tournier-Sol 2015, pp. 141–42 .
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017). "United Kingdom". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 9 March 2019.
- ^ Abedi & Lundberg 2009, p. 72 ; Jones 2011, p. 245 ; Dolezal 2012, p. 142 ; Liebert 2012, p. 123 ; Art 2011, p. 188 ; Driver 2011, p. 149 .
- ^ O'Reilly, Gerry (2019). Aligning Geopolitics, Humanitarian Action and Geography in Times of Conflict. Springer. p. 47.
- ^ "Key Points About a Snap Election in Britain". New York Times. 18 April 2018. Archived from the original on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ Schindler, Jörg (16 May 2019). "We Want Fundamental Political Change". Spiegel. Archived from the original on 21 May 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
- ^ Vlastimil Havlík; Vít Hloušek; Petr Kaniok (2017). Europeanised Defiance – Czech Euroscepticism since 2004. Verlag Barbara Budrich. p. 108. ISBN 978-3-8474-1085-0.
- ^ Walker, Peter; Halliday, Josh (3 March 2019). "Revealed: Ukip membership surge shifts party to far right". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ Goodwin, Matthew (3 February 2019). "Angry Brexiteers are splitting into factions as Ukip is taken over by far-right extremists". The Times. Archived from the original on 21 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=27&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ https://www4.surreycc.gov.uk/citizen/election2021[bare URL]
- ^ https://www.molevalley.gov.uk/home/council/elections-voting/district-council-election-results-6-may-2021[bare URL]
- ^ "Council's political make-up - Durham County Council". www.durham.gov.uk.
- ^ "Councillors – Stanley Town Council". Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP207[bare URL]
- ^ "Your Councillors by Party". Havering Borough Council. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ Your Councillors. Gwynedd Council. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
- ^ Your Councillors. Gwynedd Council. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
- ^ "Councillors". West Lancashire Borough Council. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=317&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f http://mygov.elmbridge.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=43&RPID=524284762[bare URL]
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP64[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=294&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ Only stands for election to the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead
- ^ Keith Edkins (30 November 2009). "Local Council Political Compositions". Retrieved 8 December 2009.
- ^ Nicholas Whyte (10 May 2005). "The 2005 Local Government Elections in Northern Ireland". Northern Ireland Social and Political Archive. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP6711[bare URL]
- ^ https://democracy.tunbridgewells.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=17&V=1&RPID=17210369[bare URL]
- ^ "Open Council Data UK". 5 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ "Results of the 2021 Local elections". Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Hartlepool Local Election Results". 8 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "2021 local election results". Derby City Council. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Town and Parish Council elections - 6 May 2021". Cornwall Council. 8 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Your Councillors". Belfast City Council. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Councillors". Causeway Coast and Glens District Council. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ "Independent1". www.barnsleyindependentgroup.co.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ Gareth Willey (5 May 2017). "Newport Local Election Results (2017)". Newport City Radio. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=199&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ "nottinghampost".
- ^ "Our Values". Democrats and Veterans. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
- ^ "Local government elections 2019". www.barnsley.gov.uk. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
- ^ Council, Hartlepool Borough. "Hartlepool Borough Council - Find Councillors". www.hartlepool.gov.uk.
- ^ Jump up to: a b https://democracy.kirklees.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=17&V=1&RPID=1025142[bare URL]
- ^ List of Councillors in Cheltenham Borough Council.
- ^ List of Councillors in Gloucestershire County Council.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 May 2016. Retrieved 12 May 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Find Councillor". www.newcastle.gov.uk. 21 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "CMIS > Councillors". colchester.cmis.uk.com.
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP15[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=127&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ "Councillors". www.henleytowncouncil.gov.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ "View registration - The Electoral Commission". search.electoralcommission.org.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
- ^ "Your Councillors". 30 September 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
- ^ "Your Councillors". 30 September 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP5299[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=377&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=337&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ http://opencouncildata.co.uk/councillors.php?p=98&y=0[bare URL]
- ^ "Election results by Wards, 2 May 2019". Basildon Borough Council. 2 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Election results by party, 2 May 2019". www.eppingforestdc.gov.uk. 2 May 2019.
- ^ "Open Council Data UK". 28 April 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ https://www.east-ayrshire.gov.uk/CouncilAndGovernment/About-the-Council/Councillors-and-Provost/YourCouncillor.aspx?48[bare URL]
- ^ http://cwiireland.net/launch-of-militant-left-for-workers-unity-and-a-socialist-future/[bare URL]
- ^ https://democracy.towerhamlets.gov.uk/mgElectionAreaResults.aspx?ID=148&RPID=41209332[bare URL]
- ^ "List of candidates and their votes". Suffolk County Council. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ https://www.allerdale.gov.uk/en/elections/election-results/borough-election-result-2019/[bare URL]
- ^ "DECLARATION OF RESULT OF POLL" (PDF). Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council. 2 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ https://www.bromsgrove.gov.uk/council/elections/previous-election-results/district-council-election-results.aspx[bare URL]
- ^ "Frome Town Council Elections 2015". 19 January 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Contact a Devizes Town Councillor". www.devizes-tc.gov.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ^ https://www.alsagertowncouncil.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Jane-Smith.pdf[bare URL]
- ^ "RETURN OF RESULTS OF UNCONTESTED ELECTION". Polperro Community Council. 6 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Sian Mair Caiach". Llanelli Rural Council. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
- ^ https://www.eastleigh.gov.uk/media/9453/notice-of-uncontested-election-bishopstoke-parish-underwood-ward.pdf[bare URL]
- ^ "Meet the Councillors".
- ^ "Town and Parish Council elections - 6 May 2021". Cornwall Council. 8 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ "Zionism is a racist and antisemitic tool of imperialist policy in the middle east". The Communists. 24 November 2018.
- ^ "Why British workers need a Brexit". CPGB-ML. 1 April 2016.
- ^ "JK Rowling's stance against the thought police". 9 July 2020.
- ^ "The reactionary nightmare of 'gender fluidity'". CPGB-ML. 23 March 2019.
- ^ http://search.electoralcommission.org.uk/English/Registrations/PP6596[bare URL]
External links[]
- "List of all parties standing at the 2005 election". Archived from the original on 9 March 2006.
- "List of parties that stood candidates in the 2001 general elections". Archived from the original on 25 September 2006.
- Electoral Commission: Database of Registers, includes Register of Political Parties
- Links to UK political websites from the BBC
- NSD: European Election Database – UK descriptions of main parties
- Lists of political parties by country
- Political parties in the United Kingdom
- United Kingdom politics-related lists
- Lists of political parties in the United Kingdom