Timeline of Essen

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Essen, Germany.

Prior to 19th century[]

845 – Essen Abbey founded (approximate date).
971 – Mathilde, granddaughter of Otto I becomes abbess of Essen Abbey.
1012 – Sophia, daughter of Otto II becomes abbottess of the Essen Stift.
1041 – Essen receives rights to a market.
1244 – The association of the ministeriales of the Essen Abbey and the citizens of the town of Essen arrange for the [de] to be erected.
1316 – Essen Minster (church) dedicated.
1390 – Essener Schützenverein (militia) formed.^[1]
1598 – Borbeck Castle rebuilt.^{[citation needed]}
1736 – Neueste Essendische Nachrichten von Staats- und Gelehrten Sachen (Newest Essen News of State and Learned Matters) newspaper begins publication.
1797 – [de] bookseller in business.^[2]

19th century[]

1802 – Area occupied by Prussian troops.
1803
- Essen Abbey secularized.^[3]
- Franz Dinnendahl builds steam engine.
1810 – Krupp foundry in business.
1814 – Town becomes part of Prussia.^[3]
1822 – Town becomes part of the Rhine Province.
1841 – Simon Hirschland Bank in business.
1847 – Essen-Bergeborbeck station opens.
1849 – Population: 8,813.^[3]
1851 – Zollverein Coal Mine begins operating.
1862 – Essen Hauptbahnhof and Essen-Borbeck station open.
1866 – Fredebeul & Koenen booksellers in business.^[2]
1870 – Synagogue consecrated.^[4]
1871 – Town becomes part of the German Empire.
1872 – Neu-Westend developed.^[5]
1873 – Villa Hügel (Krupp residence) built.
1875 – Population: 54,790.^[3]
1880 – Historical Society for the City and Convent of Essen founded.
1881
- Essener Turnerbund athletic club formed.
- Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen (journal of city history) begins publication.^[6]
1886 – Photographische Genossenschaft von Essen (photography group) founded.^[7]
1892 – City Theatre opens.^[8]^[9]
1893
- Electric tram begins operating.
- Rhenish-Westphalian Coal Syndicate headquartered in Essen.
1898 – Krupp's Essener Hof (hotel) built.
1899 – Essen Philharmonic Orchestra founded.^[10]

20th century[]

1900s-1940s[]

1901
- Folkwang Museum founded.
- Heinrich Koppers AG in business.
1905 – Population: 229,270.^[3]
1906
- Essen Art Museum founded.
- Gartenstadt Margarethenhöhe developed.
1908 – Moltkeviertel development begins.
1913
- New Synagogue built.^[4]
- Albrecht's shop in business (later Aldi chain supermarket).
1922 – Uhlenkrugstadion (stadium) built.
1923 – Rot-Weiss Essen football club active.
1924 – Filmstudio Glückauf (cinema) opens.
1925 – Essen/Mülheim Airport opens.^{[citation needed]}
1927 – Grugapark Botanical Garden^[11]^[12] and Folkwang School for the arts open.
1928 – Lichtburg Playhouse (cinema) opens.^[13]
1929 – Werden becomes part of city.
1932 – Zollverein Mine Shaft 12 built.
1933 – Theodor Reismann-Grone becomes mayor.
1937 – Just Dillgardt becomes mayor.
1939 – Stadion an der Hafenstraße (stadium) built.
1942 – March: Bombing of Essen by Allied forces begins.
1945 – March: Bombing of Essen by Allied forces ends.
1946 – City becomes part of North Rhine-Westphalia.
1948
- Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
- Labour strike.^{[citation needed]}
1949
- Essen I, Essen II, and Essen III parliamentary districts created.
- Hans Toussaint becomes mayor.

1950s–1990s[]

1951 – Amerikahaus built.
1957 – Roman Catholic Diocese of Essen founded.^[14]
1958 – Grugahalle sports arena opens.
1961 – Sammlung Industrieform (museum) opens.^[15]
1965
- City hosts Bundesgartenschau (national horticulture biennial).^[16]
- Little Theatre founded.
1968 – Essen Motor Show begins.
1975 – Kettwig becomes part of city.
1979 – Essen City Hall built.
1983 – Spiel, world's biggest non-electronic game trade fair begins.
1988 – Aalto Theatre opens.^[17]
1989 – Annette Jäger becomes mayor.
1991 – Offener Kanal Essen television begins broadcasting.
1994 – Stratmanns Theater Europahaus opens.
1996 – GOP Varieté Essen theatre opens.
1997 – Red Dot Design Museum active.
1999
- ThyssenKrupp conglomerate headquartered in city.
- Wolfgang Reiniger becomes mayor.
2000 – SGS Essen football club formed.

21st century[]

2001 – Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex becomes a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2003 – University of Duisburg-Essen established.
2009 – Reinhard Paß elected mayor.
2010 – City designated a European Capital of Culture.
2012
- Stadion Essen (stadium) opens.
- Population: 566,862.
2014 – June: Storm.

References[]

^ Hermann Tallau (2008). "Alteste (100) Schützenvereinigungen 799-1392". Ein Kaleidoskop zum Schützenwesen (in German). Duderstadt: Mecke Druck und Verlag. ISBN 978-3-936617-85-6.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Allgemeines Adreßbuch für den deutschen Buchhandel ... 1870 (in German). Leipzig: O.A. Schulz. 1870.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Essen", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopædia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Shmuel Spector, ed. (2001). "Essen". Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust. USA: NYU Press. p. 370. ISBN 978-0-8147-9376-3.
^ Samuel M. Lindsay (1892). "Social Work at the Krupp Foundries, Essen, A. R., Germany". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 3: 74–106. JSTOR 1008598.
^ Historischer Verein für Stadt und Stift Essen, Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen (in German), ISSN 0341-9088
^ Königliche Museen zu Berlin (1904). Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland (in German) (6th ed.). Georg Reimer.
^ Neuer Theater Almanach (in German). Berlin: Gunther & Sohn. 1909. hdl:2027/uva.x030515383.
^ Almanach 1919 der vereinigten Stadttheater Essens (in German), Essen: Fredebeul & Koenen, 1919
^ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
^ "History". Grugapark Essen. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
^ "Garden Search: Germany". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
^ "Movie Theaters in Essen, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 September 2015.
^ Paul Betts (2004). The Authority of Everyday Objects: A Cultural History of West German Industrial Design. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94135-9.
^ "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ Don Rubin, ed. (2001). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. 1: Europe. Routledge. ISBN 9780415251570.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography[]

in English[]

"Essen". Handbook for North Germany. London: J. Murray. 1877.
"Essen", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
"Essen", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
Eric D. Weitz (1985). "Social Continuity and Political Radicalization: Essen in the World War I Era". Social Science History. 9 (1): 49–69. doi:10.1017/s0145553200020307. JSTOR 1170918.
John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Essen". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8240-7644-3.
K. James-Chakraborty (2008). "Inventing Industrial Culture in Essen". In Gavriel David Rosenfeld; Paul B. Jaskot (eds.). Beyond Berlin: Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past. USA: University of Michigan Press. pp. 116+. ISBN 978-0-472-11611-9 – via HathiTrust. (fulltext)

in German[]

F. Ph. Funcke (1848), Geschichte des Fürstenthums und der Stadt Essen [History of the principality and the city of Essen] (in German), H. Kamp, OCLC 38688441, OL 20454145M
Paul Clemen, ed. (1893). Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt und des Kreises Essen. [de] (in German). 2. Dusseldorf: Schwann.
T. Kellen (1902). Industriestadt Essen in Wort und Bild (in German). Essen-Ruhr: Fredebeul & Koenen.
P. Krauss; E. Uetrecht, eds. (1913). "Essen". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
Essen, Deutscher Städteatlas (in German), 4, [de], 1989, ISBN 3891150008

External links[]

Media related to Essen at Wikimedia Commons
Europeana. Items about Essen, various dates.

Coordinates: 51°27′03″N 7°00′47″E / 51.450833°N 7.013056°E / 51.450833; 7.013056

[Tallau2008-1] Hermann Tallau (2008). "Alteste (100) Schützenvereinigungen 799-1392". Ein Kaleidoskop zum Schützenwesen (in German). Duderstadt: Mecke Druck und Verlag. ISBN 978-3-936617-85-6.

[schulz1870-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b Allgemeines Adreßbuch für den deutschen Buchhandel ... 1870 (in German). Leipzig: O.A. Schulz. 1870.

[brit1910-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Essen", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopædia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424

[Spector2001-4] Jump up to: ^a ^b Shmuel Spector, ed. (2001). "Essen". Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust. USA: NYU Press. p. 370. ISBN 978-0-8147-9376-3.

[5] Samuel M. Lindsay (1892). "Social Work at the Krupp Foundries, Essen, A. R., Germany". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 3: 74–106. JSTOR 1008598.

[6] Historischer Verein für Stadt und Stift Essen, Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen (in German), ISSN 0341-9088

[kunsthandbuch1904-7] Königliche Museen zu Berlin (1904). Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland (in German) (6th ed.). Georg Reimer.

[8] Neuer Theater Almanach (in German). Berlin: Gunther & Sohn. 1909. hdl:2027/uva.x030515383.

[9] Almanach 1919 der vereinigten Stadttheater Essens (in German), Essen: Fredebeul & Koenen, 1919

[Lawson2003-19th-10] Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.

[11] "History". Grugapark Essen. Retrieved 1 December 2013.

[botanic-12] "Garden Search: Germany". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.

[13] "Movie Theaters in Essen, Germany". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 1 December 2013.

[katolsk-14] "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Germany". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 September 2015.

[Betts2004-15] Paul Betts (2004). The Authority of Everyday Objects: A Cultural History of West German Industrial Design. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-94135-9.

[16] "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 2 December 2013.

[rubin2001-17] Don Rubin, ed. (2001). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre. 1: Europe. Routledge. ISBN 9780415251570.

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hide v t Years in Germany (1870–present)
19th century	Pre-1870 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900
20th century	1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Timeline of Essen

Contents

Prior to 19th century[]

19th century[]

20th century[]

1900s-1940s[]

1950s–1990s[]

21st century[]

See also[]

References[]

Bibliography[]

in English[]

in German[]

External links[]