1705

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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Decades:
  • 1680s
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Years:
  • 1702
  • 1703
  • 1704
  • 1705
  • 1706
  • 1707
  • 1708
1705 by topic
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1705 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1705
MDCCV
Ab urbe condita2458
Armenian calendar1154
ԹՎ ՌՃԾԴ
Assyrian calendar6455
Balinese saka calendar1626–1627
Bengali calendar1112
Berber calendar2655
English Regnal year3 Ann. 1 – 4 Ann. 1
Buddhist calendar2249
Burmese calendar1067
Byzantine calendar7213–7214
Chinese calendar甲申年 (Wood Monkey)
4401 or 4341
    — to —
乙酉年 (Wood Rooster)
4402 or 4342
Coptic calendar1421–1422
Discordian calendar2871
Ethiopian calendar1697–1698
Hebrew calendar5465–5466
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1761–1762
 - Shaka Samvat1626–1627
 - Kali Yuga4805–4806
Holocene calendar11705
Igbo calendar705–706
Iranian calendar1083–1084
Islamic calendar1116–1117
Japanese calendarHōei 2
(宝永２年)
Javanese calendar1628–1629
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4038
Minguo calendar207 before ROC
民前207年
Nanakshahi calendar237
Thai solar calendar2247–2248
Tibetan calendar阳木猴年
(male Wood-Monkey)
1831 or 1450 or 678
    — to —
阴木鸡年
(female Wood-Rooster)
1832 or 1451 or 679
July 31: Battle of Warsaw.

1705 (MDCCV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1705th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 705th year of the 2nd millennium, the 5th year of the 18th century, and the 6th year of the 1700s decade. As of the start of 1705, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Sunday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

Events[]

January–March[]

  • January 8 – George Frideric Handel's first opera, Almira is premiered in Hamburg.
  • January 31 – The Hester, a British 28-gun sailing ship and a crew of 70 is lost in Persia.
  • February 7 – The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar begins as Marshal René de Froulay de Tessé of the French Army supplements the Spanish forces of the Marquis of Villadarias and seizes control of a strategic fortress, the Round Tower, but the forces retreat after a counterattack kills 200 of their number in the retaking of the Tower
  • February 26 – A French Navy fleet of 18 warships, commanded by Admiral Desjean, the Baron de Pointis arrives in the Bay of Gibraltar to aid the French and Spanish attempt to retake Gibraltar from England.
  • March 8 – The Province of Carolina incorporates the town of Bath, making it the first incorporated town in present-day North Carolina. The town becomes the political center and de facto capital of the northern portion of the Province of Carolina, until Edenton is incorporated in 1722.
  • March 14 – Queen Anne gives royal assent to the Alien Act 1705, setting a deadline of December 25, 1705, for Scotland's parliament to authorize negotiations for the union with England to create the Kingdom of Great Britain and, if Scotland fails to do so, to declare all Scots in England to be arrested and detained as illegal aliens until union is achieved.[1]
  • March 31 (March 20 O.S.) – The Twelfth Siege of Gibraltar ends as a fleet of warships from the navies of England, Portugal and the Netherlands, commanded by English Admiral John Leake, arrives at the Bay of Gibraltar with 35 warships and English and Portuguese troops. In the battle that follows, five of the French Navy's ships are sunk and Admiral Desjean is seriously wounded, forcing the French and Spanish to retreat.

April–June[]

  • April 5 – Anne, Queen of England dissolves the English House of Commons that had been elected in 1702, and orders new elections.
  • April 9 – The Queen's Theatre opens in Westminster to serve as an opera house, premiering with Gli amori di ergasto ("The Loves of Ergasto"), an Italian language opera by German composer Jakob "Giacomo" Greber. It remains in operation for more than 300 years, becoming Her Majesty's Theatre.
  • April 16 – Queen Anne of England honours Isaac Newton with a Knight Bachelor.
  • May 5 – Joseph I succeeds his father Leopold I as the Holy Roman Emperor.[2]
  • May 7 – Voting begins for 110 constituencies of the 513-member House of Commons of England (including Wales)
  • June 6 – Voting ends in the election of the English House of Commons, with the Tories retaining their majority but losing 38 seats, while the Whigs gain 49 seats. The balance in the 513 seats is 260 for the Tories, 233 for the Whigs, 20 for other candidates.
  • June 20 – The Pact of Genoa is signed by representatives of England and the Spanish Principality of Catalonia as a military alliance providing for English troops to be stationed in Catalonia as part of the War of Spanish Succession.

July–September[]

  • July 11 – José de Grimaldo, the Marquis of Grimaldo, becomes the head of government of Spain after being appointed by King Philip V as the Secretary of the Universal Bureau
  • July 14 – The newly-elected English House of Commons, last to serve before the union with Scotland that produces Great Britain, is opened by Queen Anne.
  • July 15 – Al-Husayn I ibn Ali becomes the first Bey of Tunis, founding the Husainid Dynasty that rules Tunisia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1957
  • July 18 – War of the Spanish Succession: At the Battle of Elixheim, fought near the city of Namur (in modern-day Belgium) is fought, as an exhausted group of soldiers under the command of England's Duke of Marlborough kills 3,000 French troops under the command of the Duc de Valleroy, and forces the retreat of the others, breaking the "Lines of Brabant". Because his soldiers had marched all night and then fought the battle over a full day, Marlborough is unable to send them in pursuit of Villeroy's troops.
  • July 20 – The planet Mercury transits Jupiter, as seen from astronomers from Earth. The event happens again on October 4, 1708, but will not be seen again from Earth until October 27, 2088
  • July 26 – Great Northern War: At the Battle of Gemauerthof, fought in modern-day Latvia, Swedish forces under the command of General Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt overwhelm a much larger force of Russian troops commanded by Count Boris Sheremetev, killing 2,000 Russians and wounding as many as 3,000.
  • July 31 – The Battle of Warsaw is fought near Warsaw, Poland in the Great Northern War.
  • August 16–18 – In an Atlantic tropical cyclone across Cuba and Florida, four ships are lost and there are many casualties.
  • August 31–September 5 – War of the Spanish Succession: The Siege of Zoutleeuw is carried out by the alliance of Dutch, English, Scottish and Holy Roman Empire troops against the French-held fortress of Zoutleeuw (in modern-day Belgium)
  • September 17 – First Javanese War of Succession: On the island of Java in the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia), Pakubuwono I becomes the new Sultan of Martaram, capturing Kartosuro and deposing Sultan Amangkurat III.
  • September 20 – Francis II Rákóczi is proclaimed as the ruler of Hungary by independence activists in Szécsény who are opposed to the rule of the Habsburg successor to Leopold I, the Holy Roman emperor Joseph I.
  • September 24 – Stanisław Leszczyński is crowned as King of Poland.

October–December[]

  • October 3 – Thirty-one people are killed in a colliery explosion at the Stony Flatt pit in Gateshead, Northumberland, England.
  • October 4 – Stanisław Leszczyński is crowned Stanisław I of Poland.
  • November – In Williamsburg, capital of the Colony of Virginia in America, construction of the Capitol Building is completed.
  • November 5 – The Dublin Gazette of Ireland publishes its first edition.
  • November 15 – Battle of Zsibó: The Austrian-Danish forces defeat the Kurucs (Hungarians).
  • November 16 – An annular solar eclipse is visible in the southern Atlantic Ocean.
  • November 23 – The premiere of the play Ulysses by Nicholas Rowe takes place in London.
  • November 24 – An earthquake is recorded in Syria, northeast of Damascus.
  • November 28 – The Treaty of Warsaw was concluded between the Swedish Empire and the faction of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth loyal to Stanisław Leszczyński during the Great Northern War.
  • December – The Sophia Naturalization Act is passed by the English Parliament, which naturalizes Sophia of Hanover and the "issue of her body" as English subjects.
  • December 13 – In the Battle of Saint Gotthard, the Hungarian army is victorious.
  • December 25 – In Munich, capital of Bavaria, 1,100 militiamen from the Oberland are killed during the Sendlinger Mordweihnacht, after a failed attempt to break through several gates and capture a depot to seize better weaponry; many men were slaughtered by German federal infantry and Hungarian Hussars, despite their capitulation to Austrian officers.
  • December 26 – Fateh Singh and Zorawar Singh, sons of Guru Gobind Singh, are murdered by Wazir Khan for refusing to convert to Islam, and become hallowed martyrs in Sikhism.
  • December 29 – The premiere of the play Idoménée by Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon takes place in Paris.

Date unknown[]

  • Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England; it is completed in 1724.
  • Taichung City, Taiwan is founded as the village of Dadun.
  • With the interest paid from daimyō loans, the Konoike buy a tract of ponds and swampland, turn the land into rice paddies, and settle 480 households numbering perhaps 2,880 peasants on the land.
  • The Shogunate confiscates the property of a merchant in Osaka "for conduct unbecoming a member of the commercial class". The government seizes 50 pairs of gold screens, 360 carpets, several mansions, 48 granaries and warehouses scattered around the country, and hundreds of thousands of gold pieces.


Births[]

Charles Chauncy (1705–1787) born 1 January
Isaac Hawkins Browne (poet) born 21 January
Peter Artedi born 27 February
Sophie Caroline of Brandenburg-Kulmbach born 31 March
William Cookworthy born 12 April
António José da Silva born 8 May
Carl Marcus Tuscher born 1 June
Thomas Birch born 23 November

January–March[]

April–June[]

July–September[]

October–December[]

  • October 3 – Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie, French diplomat who engineered the coup d'état that brought Elizaveta Petrovna to the Russian throne in 1741 (d. 1759)
  • October 8 – Yakov Shakhovskoy (d. 1777)
  • October 12 – Emmanuel Héré de Corny, court architect to Stanisław Leszczyński (d. 1763)
  • October 23 – Maximilian Ulysses Browne, Austrian military officer (d. 1757)
  • October 25 – Johann Friedrich Endersch, German cartographer and mathematician (d. 1769)
  • October 31 – Pope Clement XIV (d. 1774)[3]
  • November 1 – Antoine Terrasson, French author (d. 1782)
  • November 4 – Louis-Élisabeth de La Vergne de Tressan, French soldier (d. 1783)
  • November 5
    • William Baker, English merchant and politician (d. 1770)
    • Louis-Gabriel Guillemain, French composer and violinist (d. 1770)
  • November 15 – Sir Halswell Tynte, 3rd Baronet (d. 1730)
  • November 17 – Andrea Casali (d. 1784)
  • November 23 – Thomas Birch, English historian (d. 1766)
  • November 24 – Christian Moritz Graf Königsegg und Rothenfels (d. 1778)
  • November 29 – Michael Christian Festing, English violinist and composer (d. 1752)
  • November 30 – Jonathan Parsons, Christian New England clergyman during the late colonial period, supporter of the American Revolution (d. 1776)
  • December 6 – Andrés de la Calleja, Spanish painter (d. 1785)
  • December 9 – Faustina Pignatelli (d. 1785)
  • December 14
  • December 20
    • George Fothergill (d. 1760)
    • Antonio Palomba, Italian opera librettist (d. 1769)
  • December 27 – Prince Frederick Henry Eugen of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince of the House of Ascania (d. 1781)
  • December 30 – Georg Wolfgang Knorr, German engraver and naturalist (d. 1761)
  • date unknown – Dick Turpin, English highwayman (d. 1739)
  • date unknown – Faustina Pignatelli, Italian mathematician (b. 1785)

Deaths[]

John Ray died 17 January
Philipp Spener died 5 February
Titus Oates died 13 July
Maria Hueber died 31 July
Albert Angell died 13 September
Emeric Thököly died 13 September
Ninon de l'Enclos died 17 October

January–March[]

April–June[]

  • April 2 – John Howe, English Puritan theologian (b. 1630)
  • April 5 – Itō Jinsai, Japanese philosopher (b. 1627)
  • April 6 – Odoardo Cibo, Roman Catholic prelate and Titular Patriarch of Constantinople (1689–1705) (b. 1619)
  • April 17 – Uldericus Nardi, Roman Catholic prelate and Bishop of Bagnoregio (1698–1705) (b. 1637)
  • May 5
  • June 10 – Michael Wigglesworth, Puritan minister (b. 1631)

July–September[]

October–December[]

  • October 9 – Johann Christoph Wagenseil, German Christian Hebraist (b. 1633)
  • October 11 – Guillaume Amontons, French physicist and instrument maker (b. 1663)
  • October 17 – Ninon de l'Enclos, French author (b. 1620)
  • October 27 – Thyrsus González de Santalla, Spanish theologian, 13th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1624)
  • November 6 – John Platt, American settler (b. 1632)
  • November 10 – Justine Siegemund, German midwife (b. 1636)
  • November 15 – Margravine Dorothea Charlotte of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German noblewomen (b. 1661)
  • November 21 – John Deming, early Puritan settler and original patentee of the Connecticut Colony (b. c. 1615)
  • November 23 – Prince William of Denmark, youngest son of Christian V of Denmark and Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (b. 1687)
  • December 7 – William Lowther, English landowner and politician (b. 1639)
  • December 12 – John Easton, political leader in the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (b. 1624)
  • December 18 – Valentin Stansel, Czech Jesuit astronomer who worked in Brazil (b. 1621)
  • December 22 – Bhai Bachittar Singh, Indian Sikh martyr (b. 1664)
  • December 23 – Princess Luise Dorothea of Prussia (b. 1680)
  • December 26 – Fateh Singh, fourth and youngest son of Guru Gobind Singh (b. 1697)
  • December 31 – Catherine of Braganza, queen of Charles II of England (b. 1638)
  • date unknown – Meg Shelton, alleged witch from Lancashire

References[]

  1. ^ G. W. T. Ormond, Fletcher of Saltoun (Oliphant, Anderson, & Ferrier, 1897) p. 107
  2. ^ "Historical Events for Year 1705 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  3. ^ "Clement XIV | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
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