Fuling District

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Fuling 涪陵区 Fowling
District
Fuling Wujiang Bridge
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
Fuling District in Chongqing
Coordinates (Fuling District government): 29°42′12″N 107°23′23″E / 29.7032°N 107.3898°E / 29.7032; 107.3898Coordinates: 29°42′12″N 107°23′23″E / 29.7032°N 107.3898°E / 29.7032; 107.3898
Country	People's Republic of China
Municipality	Chongqing
Area
• Total	2,946 km2 (1,137 sq mi)
Elevation	287 m (942 ft)
Population  (2015)	1,161,800
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)

Fuling
Chinese	涪陵
Postal	Fowling
Literal meaning	"Fu (River) mausoleum"
showTranscriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Fúlíng Wade–Giles Fu2-ling2

Fuling (simplified Chinese: 涪陵区; traditional Chinese: 涪陵區; pinyin: Fúlíng Qū) is a district in the geographical center of Chongqing Municipality, China.

Fuling's zha cai, a hot pickled mustard tuber, is its signature product.^[1]

In the West, Fuling is best known for having been the location of former U.S. Peace Corps teacher Peter Hessler's best-selling memoir River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze.

• Area: 2,941.47 km² (1,135.71 sq mi)
• Population: 1,066,700 (2010)
• Geographic coordinates: 106°56′ – 107°43′ East, 29°21′ – 30°01′ North

History[]

In the middle and late part of Spring and Autumn period, it was in the southern territory of the State of Ba. In the middle Warring States period, it was part of the State of Chu. It was called the County of Zhi (枳县) in 277 by the State of Qin. In 347 (during the Eastern Jin Dynasty), it became the Commandery of Fu (涪郡), also known as Commandery of Zicheng (梓城郡). It became County of Fuling (涪陵县) in the Sui Dynasty. It was Fu Prefecture (涪州) in 618 (during the Tang Dynasty). From the Yuan to the Qing Dynasty, Fu Department was part of Chongqing Prefecture (府). In the early years of the Republic of China, Fuling County was a part of Dongchuan Circuit (东川) until 1928 it became part of Sichuan province.

In January 1950, Fuling Zhuanqu of Chuandong include the seven counties of:

• Fuling
• Nanchuan
• Fengdu
• Shizhu
• Wulong
• Pengshui
• Changshou

In September 1952, Youyang Zhuanqu was abolished, and its counties of Qianjiang, Youyang, and Xiushan were incorporated into Fuling Zhuanqu.^{[citation needed]} The following year, Dianjiang County was also assigned to Fuling. Fuling's Changshou became under Chongqing City in 1958. The zhuanqu was made a prefecture in 1968.

Fuling County was upgraded to a county-level city in 1983.^{[citation needed]} The prefecture became a Three Gorges provincial planning region (三峡省筹备区域) the following year. In 1988, the counties of Qianjiang, Youyang, Shizhu, Xiushan, and Pengshui were separated into new prefecture of their own (Qianjiang Prefecture).

On November 5, 1995, Fuling Prefecture and the original county-level city were abolished.^{[citation needed]} In the replace of the prefecture was the prefectural Fuling City, administer the three counties of Dianjiang, Wulong, and Fengdu, and Nanchuan City. It also includes the newly established districts of Zhicheng and Lidu (枳城 and 李渡).

The city has been administered by Chongqing since September 1996 on behalf of the province, and became part of Chongqing Municipality the following year.^{[citation needed]} In June 1998, Fuling city and its two districts were abolished. The districts became Fuling District. The remaining subdivisions of the Fuling City remained, but were directly governed by Chongqing.

Climate[]

Fuling District has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with four distinct seasons and ample rainfall: winters are short, mild, and comparatively dry, while summers are long, hot, and humid. Monthly daily average temperatures range from 7.4 °C (45.3 °F) in January to 28.4 °C (83.1 °F) in August, while the annual mean is 18.04 °C (64.5 °F). The diurnal temperature variation is 6.52 °C (11.7 °F) and is especially small during winter. Around 87% of the annual precipitation falls from April to October.

Demographics[]

According to Peter Hessler, as of 1998, most residents of Fuling are genetically incapable of being alcoholics. When imbibing large amounts of alcohol many people became so sick and they could not drink heavily all the time. Therefore, according to Hessler, consumption of alcohol was not habitual but instead was a ritual, and therefore drinking patterns were "abusive with light consequences."^[3]

Administrative divisions[]

There are eight sub-districts, 18 towns, and 14 townships. They in turn contain 719 administrative villages and 80 neighborhood committees (see administrative levels in China).

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)[4]	Area (km2)
	敦仁街道	Dūnrén Jiēdào	105,296	3.8
	崇义街道	Chóngyì Jiēdào	75,746	11.24
	荔枝街道	Lìzhī Jiēdào	156,753	126
	江北街道	Jiāngběi Jiēdào	36,538	78.09
	江东街道	Jiāngdōng Jiēdào	51,078	91.6
	李渡街道	Lǐdù Jiēdào	88,124	91.1
	龙桥街道	Lóngqiáo Jiēdào	34,541	63.2
	白涛街道	Báitāo Jiēdào	46,160	121.5
town	南沱镇	Nántuó Zhèn	26,447	67.14
town	青羊镇	Qīngyáng Zhèn	16,197	107.4
town	百胜镇	Bǎishèng Zhèn	41,114	114
town	珍溪镇	Zhēnxī Zhèn	50,017	56.3
town	清溪镇	Qīngxī Zhèn	29,285	83.5
town	焦石镇	Jiāoshí Zhèn	23,454	78.2
town	马武镇	Mǎwǔ Zhèn	32,360	55.5
town	龙潭镇	Lóngtán Zhèn	36,511	80.6
town	蔺市镇	Lìnshì Zhèn	41,730	82.3
town	新妙镇	Xīnmiào Zhèn	34,299	81.7
town	石沱镇	Shítuó Zhèn	26,144	54
town	义和镇	Yìhé Zhèn	37,390	70.4
	罗云乡	Luōyún Xiāng	14,940	56.5
	大木乡	Dàmù Xiāng	3,200	96.3
	武陵山乡	Wǔlíngshān Xiāng	6,360	103.3
	大顺乡	Dàshùn Xiāng	18,844
	增福乡	Zēngfú Xiāng	15,527	70.4
	同乐乡	Tónglè Xiāng	18,659	65.73

Transportation[]

Historically, Fuling was primarily served by Yangtze river boats, as the development of ground transportation was slow, due to the difficult terrain.

Railways arrived to the Fuling area only in the 21st century. First was the Chongqing–Huaihua Railway, completed in 2005. Its Fuling Railway Station is located a few kilometers west of town (

29°42′10″N 107°19′45″E / 29.70278°N 107.32917°E / 29.70278; 107.32917).

The high-speed Chongqing−Lichuan Railway, opened on December 28, 2013, serves Fuling as well, with its Fuling North Railway Station. This railway crosses the Yangtze near the city over the Hanjiatuo Bridge. The railway's (蔡家沟特大桥;

29°46′17″N 107°22′07″E / 29.77139°N 107.36861°E / 29.77139; 107.36861), located in Fuling District, is said to be the world's tallest railway bridge, as measured by the height of the bridge's tallest pillar (139 m).^[5] The Nanchuan–Fuling Railway, completed in 2012, forms part of Chongqing's outer railway ring.

As of 2015, Fuling had five Yangtze River bridges.^{[citation needed]}

Education[]

Yangtze Normal University (formerly Fuling Teachers College) is in Fuling. The university hosted Peace Corps volunteers from 1996 until 2020, when the last volunteers were evacuated from the Peace Corps China program in the wake of COVID-19.

Culture[]

The White Crane Ridge (Baiheliang), a rock outcrop on the Yangtze River, has been used as a recording water levels since the Tang Dynasty. It includes many rock carvings. With the flooding of the Yangtze as part of the Three Gorges Dam project, the White Crane Ridge Underwater Museum was opened in 2009 to protect the carvings and allow viewing by visitors under the new water level of the river.^[6]

Fuling is well known for its Wu River brand zha cai pickled mustard tuber. The Fuling Zhacai company is listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and in 2021 celebrated selling 15 billion packets.^[7]

See also[]

• River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze
• Fuling Catholic Church
• White Crane Ridge
• Baiheliang Underwater Museum

Notes[]

Bibliography[]

• Hessler, Peter. River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze (ebook edition). HarperCollins e-books.

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fuling District.

• Official site (in Chinese)