Huayquerian
The Huayquerian (Spanish: Huayqueriense) age is a period of geologic time (9.0–6.8 Ma) within the Late Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification. It follows the Mayoan and precedes the Montehermosan age.[1]
Etymology[]
The age is named after the Huayquerías Formation in the western Cuyo Basin of northwestern Argentina that was later dated to the Montehermosan. The most complete Huayquerian fauna is found in the Cerro Azul Formation, in Buenos Aires Province also referred to as Epecuén Formation.
Formations[]
| Formation bold is type |
Country | Basin | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Huayquerías Formation (now Montehermosan) |  Argentina |
Cuyo Basin | |
| Argentina |
|||
| Bahía Inglesa Formation - Cerro Ballena |  Chile |
Caldera Basin | |
 Uruguay |
Norte & | ||
| Cerro Azul Formation | Argentina |
Colorado Basin | |
| Argentina |
|||
| Coquimbo Formation | Chile |
Tongoy Bay | |
| Argentina |
Sierra del Tontal | ||
| Entrerriana Formation | Argentina |
Chaco Basin | |
| Epecuén Formation | Argentina |
||
 Brazil |
Madre de Deus Basin | ||
 Peru |
|||
| Argentina |
Sierras Pampeanas | ||
| Ituzaingó Formation | Argentina |
Paraná Basin | |
| Uruguay |
|||
| Peru |
|||
| Argentina |
Eastern Argentinian Andes | ||
 Bolivia |
Altiplano Basin | ||
| Peru |
|||
| Argentina |
|||
| Bolivia |
|||
| Navidad Formation | Chile |
Chilean Coast Range | |
| Argentina |
Salta Basin | ||
| Argentina |
Chaco Basin | ||
| Pebas Formation | Brazil Colombia Ecuador Peru |
Amazon Basin | |
| Argentina |
Salta Basin | ||
| Pisco Formation | Peru |
Pisco Basin | |
| Bolivia |
Altiplano Basin | ||
| Uruguay |
Norte Basin | ||
| Bolivia |
Altiplano Basin | ||
| Argentina |
Buenos Aires Province | ||
| Argentina |
Sierra de Velasco | ||
| Solimões Formation | Brazil |
||
| Urumaco Formation |  Venezuela |
Fossil content[]
Correlations[]
| Formation | Cerro Azul | Ituzaingó | Pebas | Urumaco | Map | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basin | Colorado | Paraná | Tontal | Salta | Amazon | Altiplano | BA | Velasco |    Huayquerian (South America) | ||||||||
| Country | Argentina |
Uruguay |
Argentina |
Brazil Peru |
Bolivia |
Argentina |
Venezuela
| ||||||||||
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||||
| Lagostomus | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Macroeuphractus | |
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
| Pronothrotherium | |
|
|||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
| Thylacosmilus | |
|
|
||||||||||||||
| Xotodon | |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Macraucheniidae | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
| Primates |  |
||||||||||||||||
| Rodents |  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||||
| Reptiles |  |
|
|
|
|
| |||||||||||
| Birds |  |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
| Terror birds |  |
|
|
||||||||||||||
| Flora |  |
|
|||||||||||||||
| Environments | Aeolian-fluvial | Fluvio-deltaic | Fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Fluvio-deltaic |  Huayquerian volcanoclastics Huayquerian fauna Huayquerian flora | |||||||||
| Volcanic | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
Notes and references[]
Notes[]
- ^ Former name of Ituzaingó Formation
- ^ Former name of Cerro Azul Formation
- ^ In later research considered part of the [19]
- ^ In later research considered part of the Camacho Formation[19]
References[]
- ^ "Huayquerian". Fossilworks. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
- ^ Forasiepi et al., 2011, p.136
- ^ Garrido et al., 2017, p.54
- ^ a b Muruaga, 2001, p.30
- ^ Le Roux et al., 2006, p.46
- ^ Verde, 2002, p.21
- ^ Pérez, 2012, p.11
- ^ Goin et al., 2000, p.101
- ^ a b Verzi et al., 2008, p.146
- ^ Morton & Herbst, s.a., p.1
- ^ Le Roux et al., 2006, p.49
- ^ a b Cerdeño et al., 2019, p.12
- ^ a b Czaplewski & Campbell, 2017
- ^ Frailey, 1986, p.4
- ^ a b García López & Barbot, 2015, p.315
- ^ Franco et al., 2013, p.44
- ^ a b Vezzosi, 2015, p.27
- ^ Kiyu Formation at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Verde, 2002, p.20
- ^ Romero et al., 1998, p.60
- ^ Pujos et al., 2012, p.2
- ^ Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.636
- ^ Córdova Aguilar, 2009, p.26
- ^ Morton & Herbst, 2007, p.154
- ^ Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.637
- ^ Finger et al., 2007, p.13
- ^ Reguero et al., 2015, p.60
- ^ Martín Pérez, 2013, p.51
- ^ Brea et al., 2013, p.28
- ^ Antoine et al., 2016, p.56
- ^ Wesselingh et al., 2006, p.304
- ^ González & Abascal, 2012, p.129
- ^ Brand et al., 2011
- ^ Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.14
- ^ Baldellón et al., 1994, p.241
- ^ Tófalo & Morrás, 2009, p.683
- ^ Marshall & Sempere, 1991
- ^ Brandoni et al., 2012, p.10
- ^ Cozzuol, 2006, p.190
- ^ Linares, 2004, p.16
- ^ San Carlos East at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Forasiepi et al., 2016, p.11
- ^ a b Cerro Ballena at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Bahía Inglesa Unit 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Caldera, Bahia Inglesa Unit 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Mina Fosforita at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Arazati II at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Puerto Arazati Beach at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Playa Kiyú at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Punta Jesus María at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Fernicola et al., 2018, p.236
- ^ Madozzo Jaén et al., 2018
- ^ Sostillo et al., 2014
- ^ Laguna Chillhué at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Bajo Giuliani at Fossilworks.org
- ^ El Guanaco at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Telen at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Madozzo Jaén & Pérez, 2017
- ^ Chiquimil A at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b c d Barrancas del Rio Parana at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Rio Parana at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo at Fossilworks.org
- ^ De Iullis et al., 2011
- ^ Brandoni, 2014
- ^ a b c d Paraná, Pueblo Brugo to Diamante, Ituzaingó Fm. at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b c Colonia La Celina at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Ciudad de Paraná at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Playa Sánchez at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Prothero et al., 2014
- ^ Frailey & Campbell Jr., 2012
- ^ LACM loc.6218 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ LACM 5159 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ VF2 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Bonini et al., 2017
- ^ Abello et al., 2015
- ^ Maimará at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Achiri at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b c Quebrada Pajaritos at Fossilworks.org
- ^ El Cajón Valley at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Muyu Huasi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Reguero et al., 2015
- ^ Cerro La Matanza at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Villa Urquiza at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Collareta et al., 2017
- ^ Marx et al., 2017
- ^ Barrancas del Río Chico at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Quehua at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Arazati km 95.750 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Rosa Pata at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Grünbein Cantera Seminario Level 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Grünbein Cantera Relleno Sanitario Level 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Grünbein Cantera Relleno Sanitario Level 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Barrancas de Sarmiento Level 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Caleufú at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Salicas Formation, Sierra de Velasco, La Rioja at Fossilworks.org
- ^ El Degolladito - Site 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Kerber et al., 2017
- ^ Kerber et al., 2016
- ^ a b c d Rio Acre at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b c d Niteroi at Fossilworks.org
- ^ a b Talismã, upper Purus River at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Patos, Rio Acre at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Patos at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Olivares et al., 2016
- ^ Rincón et al., 2018
- ^ Rincón et al., 2015
- ^ Campo El Mamon at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 73-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 50-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 82-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 26-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Valle de Santa María at Fossilworks.org
- ^ El Morro at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Quebrada Salta, southern area of the Calchaquí Valley at Fossilworks.org
- ^ South of Rio Branco at Fossilworks.org
- ^ West of El Picacho at Fossilworks.org
- ^ 4 km NE of Campo El Mamon at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Barranca de Los Loros at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Cerro Bautista at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Capilla Narbona at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Barrancas de San Juan at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Arroyo Ensenada valley at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Vallecito at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Anzótegui & Horn, 2011
- ^ Calchaquí at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Calchaquí II at Fossilworks.org
Bibliography[]
- Huayquerías Formation
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2016. Exceptional skull of Huayqueriana (Mammalia, Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) from the Late Miocene of Argentina: anatomy, systematics and paleobiological implications. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 404. 1–76. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- ; , and . 2017. Paleoambiente, edad y vertebrados de la Formación Huayquerías, Mioceno tardio, Provincia de Mendoza, Republica Argentina, 50–55. XX Congreso Geológico Argentino. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- Andalhuala Formation
- , and . 2017. A new guinea pig (Rodentia, Caviomorpha) from northwestern Argentina: Implications for the origin of the genus Cavia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37. e1352591. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Camacho Formation
- ; ; ; , and . 2018. A new species of Neoglyptatelus (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from the late Miocene of Uruguay provides new insights on the evolution of the dorsal armor in cingulates. Ameghiniana 55. 233–252. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- . 2011. Estudio sobre los roedores gigantes del Uruguay, Departamento de San José (Mioceno tardío-Pliocene) y sus implicancias para la sistemática y taxonomía de la familia Dinomyidae (Mammalia, Rodentia), 1–101. Universidad de la República. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- . 2002. Icnología de la formación Camacho (Mioceno tardío) del Uruguay (MSc. thesis), 1–125. Universidad de la República. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Cerro Azul Formation
- ; , and . 2000. Los marsupiales (Mammalia) del Mioceno superior de la Formación Cerro Azul (Provincia de La Pampa, Argentina). Estudios Geológicos 56. 101–126. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; ; , and . 2018. Systematic review of Neocavia from the Neogene of Argentina: Phylogenetic and evolutionary implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63. 241–260. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- ; , and . 2014. A new species of Reigechimys (Rodentia, Echimyidae) from the Late Miocene of central Argentina and the evolutionary pattern of the lineage. Ameghiniana 51. 284–294. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Chiquimil Formation
- ; , and . 2014. Cronobioestratigrafía del Mioceno tardío – Plioceno temprano, Puerta de Corral Quemado y Villavil, provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. 26. 165–192. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- , and . 2017. The most ancient caviine rodent (Hystricognathi, Cavioidea) comes from the late Miocene of Northwest Argentina (South America). Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 29. 376–383. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- , and . 2004. Estudios preliminares de la xiloflora de la Formación Chiquimil (Catamarca), 1–3. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste - Comunicaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- , and . s.a. Polen de la Formación Chiquimil, en la Localidad Vallecito (Mioceno Superior) Provincia de Catamarca, 1–3. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- , and . s.a. Gastrópodos (Orthalicidae) de la Formación Chiquimil (Mioceno) de Villavil, Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina, 1–3. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Las Flores Formation, Sierra del Tontal
- ; ; , and . 2019. A new capybara from the late Miocene of San Juan Province, Argentina, and its phylogenetic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64. 1–14. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- Içá Formation
- , and . 2017. Late Miocene Bats from the Jurua River, State of Acre, Brazil, with a Description of a New Genus of Thyropteridae (Chiroptera, Mammalia). 525. 55–60. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Iñapari Formation
- . 1986. Late Miocene and Holocene mammals, exclusive of the Notoungulata, of the Rio Acre Region, western Amazonia. Contributions in Science 374. 1–46. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; , and . 2011. A new genus and species of nothrotheriid sloth (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Nothrotheriidae) from the Late Miocene (Huayquerian) of Peru. Palaeontology 54. 171–205.
- India Muerta Formation
- , and . 2015. A late Miocene Argyrolagidae (Mammalia, Metatheria, Bonapartheriiformes) from northwestern Argentina. Ameghiniana 52. 314–323. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Ituzaingó Formation
- . 2014. A new genus of Megalonychidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Argentina. 17. 33–42. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; ; , and . 2013. La paleoflora de la Formación Ituzaingó, Argentina. El Neógeno de la Mesopotamia argentina, Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, Publicación Especial 14. 41–55. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; ; ; ; ; ; , and . 2013. Los Cingulata (Mammalia, Xenarthra) del "Conglomerado Osífero" (Miocene tardío) de la Formación Ituzaingó de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Publicación Especial 14. 118–134. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- Madre de Dios Formation
- , and . 2012. Two New Genera of Peccaries (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Tayassuidae) from Upper Miocene Deposits of the Amazon Basin. Journal of Paleontology 86. 852–877. Accessed 2019-02-15.
- ; ; , and . 2014. New late Miocene dromomerycine artiodactyl from the Amazon Basin: implications for interchange dynamics. Journal of Paleontology 88. 434–443. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; , and . 1998. Geología de los cuadrángulos de Río Acre 22-v, Iñapari 22-x, Qda. Mala 23-v, Iberia 23-x, San Lorenzo 23-y, Puerto Lidia 24-v, Río Manuripe 24-x, Mavila 24-y, Santa María 24-z, Valencia 25-z, Palma Real 26-z y Río Heath 27-z, 1–201. INGEMMET. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Maimará Formation
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2015. Description of a new species of Sparassocynus (Marsupialia: Didelphoidea: Sparassocynidae) from the late Miocene of Jujuy (Argentina) and taxonomic review of Sparassocynus heterotopicus from the Pliocene of Bolivia. Zootaxa 3937. 147–160. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2017. First record of Toxodontidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from the late Miocene–early Pliocene of the southern central Andes, NW Argentina. Journal of Paleontology 91. 566–576. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; ; ; ; ; , and . 2012. The Scelidotherine Proscelidodon (Xenarthra: Mylodontidae) from the Late Miocene of Maimará (Northwestern Argentina, Jujuy Province). Ameghiniana _. 1–7. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- Mauri & Muyu Huasi Formations
- , and . 1991. The Eocene to Pleistocene vertebrates of Bolivia and their stratigraphic context: A review. Revista técnica de YPFB 12. 631–652. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Miramar Formation
- ; , and . 2015. Revisión y nuevos aportes sobre la estratigrafía y sedimentología de los acantilados entre Mar de Cobo y Miramar, Provincia de Buenos Aires. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 72. 235–250. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- El Morterito Formation
- , and . 2007. Gastrópodos de la Formación El Morterito (Mioceno Superior), Valle del Cajón, provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 9. 153–160. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- Navidad Formation
- ; ; ; , and . 2007. Paleontologic evidence for sedimentary displacement in Neogene forearc basins of central Chile. PALAIOS 22. 3–16. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Palo Pintado Formation
- , and . 2011. Megaflora de la Formación Palo Pintado (Mioceno Superior) Salta, Argentina Parte II. 14. 239–254. Accessed 2017-10-22.
- ; ; , and . 2011. Paleoambiente y paleocomunidades de la Formación Palo Pintado (Mioceno-Plioceno), Provincia de Salta, Argentina. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 28. 161–174. Accessed 2017-10-22.
- ; ; ; , and . 2015. A new Hypsodont Notoungulate (Hegetotheriidae, Pachyrukhinae) from the late Miocene of the Eastern Cordillera, Salta province, Northwest of Argentina. Andean Geology 42. 56–70. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Paraná Formation
- ; , and . 2013. Paleoflora de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno Tardío), Cuenca Chaco-Paranaense, Argentina. El Neógeno de la Mesopotamia argentina, Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, Publicación Especial 14. 41–55. Accessed 2018-09-03.
- ; , and . 2012. Oldest record of the Great White Shark (Lamnidae, Carcharodon; Miocene) in the Southern Atlantic. Geobios 45. 167–172. Accessed 2017-10-22.
- . 2013. Sistemática, tafonomía y paleoecología de los invertebrados de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno), Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina (PhD thesis), 1–398. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Pebas Formation
- ; ; ; ; ; ; ; , and . 2016. A 60-million-year Cenozoic history of western Amazonian ecosystems in Contamana, eastern Peru. Gondwana Research 31. 30–59. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2006. The stratigraphy and regional structure of Miocene deposits in western Amazonia (Peru, Colombia and Brazil), with implications for late Neogene landscape evolution. Scripta Geologica 133. 291–322. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Piquete Formation
- , and . 2012. Orogénesis y drenaje en la región del Valle de Lerma (Cordillera Oriental, Salta, Argentina) durante Pleistoceno tardio. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 69. 127–141. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- Pisco Formation
- . 2013. Primer registro de pelicano (Aves: Pelecanidae) para el Mioceno tardio de la formacion Pisco, Peru. Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 42. 1–12. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- . 2006. Estudio paleoambiental de la formación Pisco:: Localidad Ocucaje. Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG 9. 64–69. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- ; ; , and . 2016. New beaked whales from the late Miocene of Peru and evidence for convergent evolution in stem and crown Ziphiidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti). PeerJ 4. e2479. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; ; ; , and . 2011. A high resolution stratigraphic framework for the remarkable fossil cetacean assemblage of the Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 31. 414–425. Accessed 2017-10-01.
- ; ; ; , and . 2017. Koristocetus pescei gen. et sp. nov., a diminutive sperm whale (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) from the late Miocene of Peru. Fossil Record 20. 259–278. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; ; , and . 2017. A new inioid (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinida) from the Miocene of Peru and the origin of modern dolphin and porpoise families. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179. 919–946.
- ; , and . 2017. A new Miocene baleen whale from Peru deciphers the dawn of cetotheriids. Royal Society Open Science 4. 170560. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- , and . 2016. A new Miocene baleen whale from the Peruvian desert. Royal Society Open Science 3. 160542. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; , and . 2009. Baleen Fósil (Cetacea: mysticeti) en Sedimentos de la Cuenca Marina del Neógeno en la Formación Pisco, al Sur del Perú. Revista de Investigación Universitaria 1. 84–97. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- ; ; ; , and . 2018. Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities. Fossil Record 21. 11–32. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- . 2018. Bioestratigrafía e implicancias paleoceanográficas de las diatomeas de la sección Cerro Caucato, Formación Pisco, Ica, Peru (MSc. thesis), 1–158. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- ; ; , and . 2015a. A new late Miocene condor (Aves, Cathartidae) from Peru and the origin of South American condors. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35. e972507. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- ; , and . 2015b. New Miocene sulid birds from Peru and considerations on their Neogene fossil record in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61. 417–427. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- . 2007. Los pingüinos de la Formación Pisco (Neógeno), Perú. 4th European Meeting on the Palaeontology and Stratigraphy of Latin America, Cuadernos del Museo Geominero 8. 367–373. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- Quehua Formation
- ; ; , and . 1994. Sucesión Estructural de la Zona Serranía de las Minas, 238–247. Memorias del XI Congreso Geológico de Bolivia. Accessed 2017-10-25.
- Raigón Formation
- , and . 2009. Evidencias paleoclimáticas en duricostras, paleosuelos y sedimentitas silicoclásticas, del Cenozoico de Uruguay. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina . 674–686. Accessed 2018-09-12.
- Saldungaray Formation
- ; , and . 2008. Biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Late Miocene of central Argentina: Evidence from rodents and taphonomy. Geobios 41. 145–155. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Salicas Formation
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2012. Mammals from the Salicas Formation (Late Miocene), La Rioja Province, Northwestern Argentina: Paleobiogeography, age and paleoenvironment. Ameghiniana 49. 1–13. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Solimões Formation
- , and . 2006. Stupendemys souzai sp. nov. (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) from the Miocene-Pliocene of the Solimões Formation, Brazil. 9. 187–192. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; , and . 2002. Une nouvelle espèce de Podocnemis (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) provenant du Néogène de la formation Solimões, Acre, Brésil. Geobios 35. 677–686. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- . 2006. The Acre vertebrate fauna: Age, diversity, and geography. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 21. 185–203. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- ; ; ; ; , and . 2017. A new rodent (Caviomorpha: Dinomyidae) from the upper Miocene of southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 30. 985–993. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- ; ; ; , and . 2016. Late Miocene potamarchine rodents from southwestern Amazonia, Brazil—with description of new taxa. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61. 191–203. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Urumaco Formation
- ; ; ; , and . 2015. Sawfishes and Other Elasmobranch Assemblages from the Mio-Pliocene of the South Caribbean (Urumaco Sequence, Northwestern Venezuela). PLoS ONE 10. e0139230. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- . 2004. Bioestratigrafía de la fauna de mamíferos de las formaciones Socorro, Urumaco y Codore (Mioceno Medio-Plioceno Temprano) de la región de Urumaco, Falcón, Venezuela. Paleobiología Neotropical 1. 1–26. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- . 2005. Estudio magnetoestratigráfico en la sección de El Mamón (miembro medio de la Formación Urumaco, Estado Falcón) (MSc. thesis), 1–92. Universidad Simón Bolívar. Accessed 2017-10-27.
- ; ; , and . 2018. Two new megalonychid sloths (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from the Urumaco Formation (late Miocene), and their phylogenetic affinities. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17. 409–421. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- ; ; ; , and . 2015. A new enigmatic Late Miocene mylodontoid sloth from northern South America. Royal Society Open Science 2. 140256. Accessed 2019-02-13.
| Ages |        | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Defining formations and sites |
| ||||||
| Sources |
| ||||||
Categories:
- Huayquerian
- Miocene South America
- Neogene Argentina