List of Liliales of South Africa

Liliales is an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and Angiosperm Phylogeny Web system, within the lilioid monocots. Both the order Lililiales and the family Liliaceae have had a widely disputed history, with the circumscription varying greatly from one taxonomist to another. Previous members of this order, which at one stage included most monocots with conspicuous tepals and lacking starch in the endosperm are now distributed over three orders, Liliales, Dioscoreales and Asparagales, using predominantly molecular phylogenetics. The newly delimited Liliales is monophyletic, with ten families. Thus circumscribed, this order consists mostly of herbaceous plants, but lianas and shrubs also occur. They are mostly perennial plants, with food storage organs such as corms or rhizomes. The order has worldwide distribution, and consists of 10 families, 67 genera and about 1,768 species.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.^[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.^[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.^[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).^[4]

Five families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Alstroemeriaceae[]

Family: Alstroemeriaceae,^[4]

Alstroemeria[]

Genus Alstroemeria:^[4]

Alstroemeria pulchella L.f. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Colchicaceae[]

Family: Colchicaceae,^[4]

Androcymbium[]

Genus Androcymbium:^[4]

Schonland, accepted as (Schonland) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
- Androcymbium albanense Schonland subsp. clanwilliamense Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts. accepted as (Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schinz, accepted as (Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, accepted as (J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
Baker, accepted as J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. burchellii (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Baker, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(L.) K.Krause, accepted as (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. capense, endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl, U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl. U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning &, endemic
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. ciliolatum (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn, endemic
Baker, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
- Androcymbium circinatum Baker subsp. vestitum U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. vestitum (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies, E.G.H.Oliv. & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, E.G.H.Oliv. & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schinz, accepted as (Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Baker, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
N.E.Br. accepted as (N.E.Br.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
C.Presl, accepted as (C.Presl) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Jacq.) Willd. accepted as (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Roessler subsp. vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) U.Mull.-Doblies & D, accepted as (Roessler) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), indigenous
U.Mull.-Doblies, Raus & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, Raus & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. circinatum, present
Engl. accepted as (Engl.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Pedrola, Membrives, J.M.Monts. & Caujape, accepted as (Pedrola, Membrives, J.M.Monts. & Caujape) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies, Daber, J.M.Anderson & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, Daber, J.M.Anderson & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies, P.Hirsch, Stearn & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, P.Hirsch, Stearn & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schinz, accepted as J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. coloratum, endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) C.Archer, indigenous
Baker, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. accepted as (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn.
- Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. subsp. australe U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. australe (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Dobli, endemic
- Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. subsp. transvaalense U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, indigenous
- Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. var. striatum (A.Rich.) Baker, accepted as (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. present
- Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. var. subulatum (Baker) Baker, accepted as (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, present
Baker, accepted as (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. coloratum, present
Engl. accepted as (Engl.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. present
Schltr. & K.Krause, accepted as (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
K.Krause, accepted as (Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn. present
U.Mull.-Doblies, Raus, Weiglin & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Hochst. ex A.Rich. accepted as (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl, U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl. U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning, endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Burch. accepted as (Burch.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts. accepted as (Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted as (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic

Baeometra[]

Genus Baeometra:^[4]

Baeometra uniflora (Jacq.) G.J.Lewis, endemic

Camptorrhiza[]

Genus Camptorrhiza:^[4]

(Baker) Oberm. indigenous

Colchicum[]

Genus Colchicum:^[4]

(Schonland) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
J.C.Manning & Snijman, endemic
(Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, Weiglin, M.Gottlieb & D.U.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vi, indigenous
(J.C.Manning & Goldblatt) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
- Colchicum capense (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. capense, endemic
- Colchicum capense (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. ciliolatum (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn, endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl. U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning &, endemic
(Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
- Colchicum circinatum (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. circinatum, endemic
- Colchicum circinatum (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. vestitum (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemic
(Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
- Colchicum coloratum J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. burchellii (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
- Colchicum coloratum J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. coloratum, endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, E.G.H.Oliv. & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Schinz) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(N.E.Br.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(C.Presl) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Roessler) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
- Colchicum exiguum (Roessler) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, Raus & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Engl.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Pedrola, Membrives, J.M.Monts. & Caujape) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, Daber, J.M.Anderson & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, P.Hirsch, Stearn & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) C.Archer, indigenous
(Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
- Colchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. australe (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Dobli, endemic
- Colchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. melanthoides, indigenous
- Colchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp. transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, indigenous
- Colchicum natalense]] (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Hochst. ex A.Rich.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies, Hahnl. U.U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning, endemic
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Burch.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic

Gloriosa[]

Genus Gloriosa:^[4]

(Hook.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
(Bredell) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
Gloriosa superba L. indigenous

Hexacyrtis[]

Genus Hexacyrtis:^[4]

Hexacyrtis dickiana Dinter, indigenous

Iphigenia[]

Genus Iphigenia:^[4]

Baker, accepted as Engl. indigenous
Engl. indigenous

Littonia[]

Genus Littonia:^[4]

Hook. accepted as (Hook.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. indigenous
Bredell, accepted as (Bredell) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic

Neodregea[]

Genus :^[4]

C.H.Wright, accepted as (C.H.Wright) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic

Onixotis[]

Genus :^[4]

(L.) Mabb. accepted as (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Burm.f.) Wijnands, accepted as (Burm.f.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(L.f.) Mabb. accepted as (Burm.f.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. present

Ornithoglossum[]

Genus Ornithoglossum:^[4]

K.Krause, indigenous
B.Nord. endemic
B.Nord. indigenous
- Ornithoglossum parviflorum B.Nord. var. namaquense B.Nord. endemic
- Ornithoglossum parviflorum B.Nord. var. parviflorum, indigenous
Ornithoglossum undulatum Sweet, indigenous
(L.f.) Aiton, endemic
Ornithoglossum vulgare B.Nord. indigenous
(Baker) B.Nord. endemic

Sandersonia[]

Genus Sandersonia:^[4]

Sandersonia aurantiaca Hook. indigenous

Wurmbea[]

Genus Wurmbea:^[4]

B.Nord. indigenous
B.Nord. indigenous
Thunb. endemic
- Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var. inusta Baker, accepted as (Baker) B.Nord. present
- Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var. latifolia (Baker) Baker, accepted as B.Nord. present
- Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var. longiflora (Baker) Baker, accepted as B.Nord. present
- Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var. purpurea (Aiton) Baker, accepted as (Desr.) B.Nord. present
- Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var. truncata (Schltdl.) Baker, accepted as (L.f.) B.Nord. present
B.Nord. endemic
B.Nord. endemic
B.Nord. indigenous
B.Nord. endemic
(C.H.Wright) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
B.Nord. endemic
(Baker) B.Nord. endemic
Baker, indigenous
(Desr.) B.Nord. endemic
B.Nord. endemic
(L.f.) B.Nord. endemic
(L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
E.Phillips, indigenous
Wurmbea recurva B.Nord. endemic
B.Nord. endemic
(Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz, indigenous
- Wurmbea spicata (Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz var. spicata, endemic
- Wurmbea spicata (Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz var. ustulata (B.Nord.) B.Nord. endemic
(Burm.f.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemic
(Hook.f.) Baker, indigenous
- Wurmbea tenuis (Hook.f.) Baker subsp. australis B.Nord. indigenous
B.Nord. endemic

Liliaceae[]

Family: Liliaceae,^[4]

Lilium[]

Genus Lilium:^[4]

Lilium formosanum Wallace, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive

Orchiastrum[]

Genus :^[4]

Lem. accepted as Lachenalia orchioides (L.) Aiton subsp. orchioides, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Lachenalia orchioides (L.) Aiton subsp. glaucina (Jacq.) G.D.Duncan, indigenous
(Lodd. ex Sweet) Lem. accepted as Lodd. ex Sweet, indigenous
(Aiton) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
Lem. accepted as Lachenalia orchioides (L.) Aiton subsp. orchioides, indigenous

Scillopsis[]

Genus Scillopsis:^[4]

Sweet, accepted as Sweet, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Lachenalia contaminata Aiton, indigenous
(Ker Gawl.) Lem. accepted as Andrews, indigenous
(Aiton) Lem. accepted as Lachenalia contaminata Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Lachenalia contaminata Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Ker Gawl.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Ker Gawl.) Lem. accepted as Ker Gawl. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Ker Gawl.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Andrews) Lem. accepted as Andrews, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Aiton, indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous
(Jacq.) Lem. accepted as Jacq. indigenous

Melanthiaceae[]

Family: Melanthiaceae,^[4]

Melanthium[]

Genus Melanthium:^[4]

Andrews, accepted as (Jacq.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, indigenous

Smilacaceae[]

Family: Smilacaceae,^[4]

Smilax[]

Genus Smilax:^[4]

Smilax anceps Willd. indigenous

References[]

^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

[Doyle_and_Donoghue_1986-1] Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.

[Butler_2019-2] Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.

[PlantZAfrica-3] "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.

[Plants_2018-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

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