List of Santalales of South Africa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Santalales is an order of flowering plants. Many of the members of the order are parasitic plants, mostly hemiparasites, able to produce sugars through photosynthesis, but tapping the stems or roots of other plants to obtain water and minerals, though some are obligate parasites, with low concentrations of chlorophyll and derive the majority of their sustenance from their hosts' vascular tissues. Most have seeds without testae (seed coats), which is unusual for flowering plants.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]

Three families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Loranthaceae[]

Family: Loranthaceae,[4]

Actinanthella[]

Genus Actinanthella:[4]

  • (Sprague) Wiens, endemic

Agelanthus[]

Genus Agelanthus:[4]

  • (Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
  • (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
  • (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
  • (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
  • Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
    • Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. natalitius, indigenous
    • Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
  • (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
  • Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
  • (Engl. & Schinz) Polhill & Wiens, endemic
  • (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous

Erianthemum[]

Genus Erianthemum:[4]

Helixanthera[]

Genus Helixanthera:[4]

  • (Engl.) Danser, indigenous
  • (Sprague) Danser, accepted as (Schltr. & K.Krause) Danser, present
  • (Schltr. & K.Krause) Danser, indigenous

Loranthus[]

Genus Loranthus:[4]

  • Meisn. var. minor (Harv.) J.M.Wood, accepted as (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous

Moquinia[]

Genus Moquinia:[4]

  • A.Spreng. accepted as (A.Spreng.) Balle, indigenous

Moquiniella[]

Genus Moquiniella:[4]

  • (A.Spreng.) Balle, indigenous

Odontella[]

Genus Odontella:[4]

  • (Engl.) Balle, accepted as (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens

Oncocalyx[]

Genus Oncocalyx:[4]

Pedistylis[]

Genus Pedistylis:[4]

  • (Schinz ex Sprague) Wiens, indigenous

Plicosepalus[]

Genus Plicosepalus:[4]

  • Wiens, indigenous
  • (Schinz) Danser, indigenous
  • (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. indigenous

Septulina[]

Genus Septulina:[4]

  • (Thunb.) Tiegh. indigenous
  • (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. indigenous

Tapinanthus[]

Genus Tapinanthus:[4]

  • (Baker & Sprague) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens
  • (N.E.Br.) Danser, accepted as Agelanthus pungu (De Wild.) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Engl.) Danser, accepted as (Engl.) Balle
  • Wiens, accepted as (Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Schinz) Danser, accepted as (Schinz) Balle
  • (Sprague) Wiens, indigenous
  • (Peyr.) Danser, accepted as (Peyr.) Balle
  • Toelken & Wiens, accepted as (Toelken & Wiens) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Engl.) Danser, accepted as (Engl.) Balle
  • (Meisn.) Tiegh. subsp. kraussianus, accepted as (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens, present
    • Tapinanthus kraussianus (Meisn.) Tiegh. subsp. transvaalensis (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as (Weim.) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (N.E.Br.) Danser, accepted as (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Meisn.) Danser subsp. natalitius, accepted as Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. natalitius, present
    • Tapinanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Danser subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Wiens, accepted as Agelanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (J.C.Wendl.) Danser, indigenous
  • (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Tiegh. accepted as (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Weim.) Polhill & Wiens, indigenous
  • Tapinanthus rubromarginatus (Engl.) Danser, indigenous
  • (Engl. & Schinz) Danser, accepted as (Engl. & Schinz) Polhill & Wiens, present
  • (Engl. & Gilg) Danser, accepted as (Engl. & Gilg) Polhill & Wiens

Tieghemia[]

Genus :[4]

  • (Sprague) Wiens, accepted as (Sprague) Wiens & Polhill, present
  • (Hochst.) Balle, accepted as Oncocalyx quinquenervius (Hochst.) Wiens & Polhill, present
  • (Sprague ex Burtt Davy) Wiens, accepted as (Sprague) Wiens & Polhill, present

Vanwykia[]

Genus Vanwykia:[4]

  • (Baker & Sprague) Wiens, indigenous

Olacaceae[]

Family: Olacaceae,[4]

Olax[]

Genus Olax:[4]

  • Oliv. indigenous

Ximenia[]

Genus Ximenia:[4]

  • Ximenia americana L. indigenous
    • Ximenia americana L. var. microphylla Welw. ex Oliv. indigenous
  • Ximenia caffra Sond. indigenous
    • Ximenia caffra Sond. var. caffra, indigenous
    • Ximenia caffra Sond. var. natalensis Sond. indigenous

Santalaceae[]

Family: Santalaceae, [4]

Colpoon[]

Genus Colpoon:[4]

  • Colpoon compressum P.J.Bergius, indigenous
  • (A.W.Hill) P.A.Bean, indigenous

Lacomucinaea[]

Genus Lacomucinaea:[4]

  • Lacomucinaea lineata (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.Garcia, indigenous

Osyridicarpos[]

Genus Osyridicarpos:[4]

  • Osyridicarpos schimperianus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) A.DC. indigenous

Osyris[]

Genus Osyris:[4]

  • Osyris compressa (P.J.Bergius) A.DC. accepted as Colpoon compressum P.J.Bergius, indigenous
  • Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud. indigenous
  • (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, accepted as (A.W.Hill) P.A.Bean, endemic

Rhoiacarpos[]

Genus Rhoiacarpos:[4]

  • (Harv.) A.DC. endemic

Thesidium[]

Genus :[4]

  • Sond. accepted as A.DC. indigenous
  • (Thunb.) Sond. accepted as J.C.Manning & F.Forest, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & F.Forest, endemic
  • (A.DC.) A.DC. accepted as A.DC. indigenous
  • Sond. accepted as A.DC. endemic
  • (A.DC.) Sond. accepted as A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & F.Forest, indigenous
  • (A.DC.) A.DC. accepted as A.DC. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & F.Forest, indigenous
  • (A.DC.) A.DC. accepted as L.f. indigenous
  • Sond. accepted as L.f. indigenous

Thesium[]

Genus Thesium:[4]

  • Schltr. accepted as Thunb. present
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous
  • Schltr. accepted as Sond. present
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
  • Compton, endemic
  • DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Compton, endemic
  • Schltr. accepted as A.DC. present
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • Schltr. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • L. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous
    • Thesium carinatum A.DC. var. carinatum, endemic
    • Thesium carinatum A.DC. var. pallidum A.W.Hill, endemic
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • Sond. endemic
  • Sond. indigenous
  • J.C.Manning & F.Forest, endemic
  • R.A.Dyer, indigenous
  • Schltr. accepted as Lam. ex Sond. var. subglabrum A.W.Hill, present
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Sond. accepted as Lam. present
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
    • Thesium costatum A.W.Hill var. costatum, indigenous
    • Thesium costatum A.W.Hill var. juniperinum A.W.Hill, indigenous
    • Thesium costatum A.W.Hill var. paniculatum N.E.Br. indigenous
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as A.W.Hill, present
  • Brenan, endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
  • A.DC. endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • N.E.Br. accepted as A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Hilliard & B.L.Burtt, indigenous
  • Sond. endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as Lacomucinaea lineata (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.Garcia
  • Welw. ex Hiern, indigenous
  • A.DC. endemic
  • L. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • L.f. endemic
  • Link ex A.DC. accepted as Sond. present
    • Thesium frisea L. var. frisea, endemic
    • Thesium frisea L. var. thunbergii A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & F.Forest, endemic
  • L. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. accepted as A.DC. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous
    • Thesium gnidiaceum A.DC. var. gnidiaceum, endemic
    • Thesium gnidiaceum A.DC. var. zeyheri Sond. endemic
  • Engl. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • Sond. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as A.W.Hill, present
  • Compton, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Lam. ex Sond. indigenous
    • Thesium hispidulum Lam. ex Sond. var. hispidulum, endemic
    • Thesium hispidulum Lam. ex Sond. var. subglabrum A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Schltr. accepted as Lam. ex Sond. var. hispidulum, present
  • Compton, endemic
  • Pilg. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • Thunb. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Brenan, indigenous
  • Bernh. indigenous
    • Thesium junceum Bernh. var. junceum, endemic
    • Thesium junceum Bernh. var. mammosum A.W.Hill, endemic
    • Thesium junceum Bernh. var. plantagineum A.W.Hill, endemic
  • DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Compton, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • L.f. accepted as Lacomucinaea lineata (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.Garcia, indigenous
  • Stauffer, endemic
  • Brenan, endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.DC. endemic
  • Sond. indigenous
  • Schltr. endemic
  • Schltr. accepted as Sond. present
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • (A.W.Hill) J.C.Manning & F.Forest, endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Pilg. indigenous
  • Schltr. endemic
  • Sond. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Compton, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous
  • L. endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. accepted as L.f. indigenous
  • Schltr. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • N.E.Br. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Levyns, endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • Sond. endemic
  • Bernh. indigenous
  • Sond. endemic
  • (A.W.Hill) N.E.Br. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • Sond. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, accepted as Engl. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • L. endemic
  • E.Mey. ex Sond. endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • A.DC. ex Levyns, accepted as Sond. present
  • A.DC. endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • L. endemic
  • L.f. endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • L.f. indigenous
  • P.J.Bergius, endemic
  • A.DC. endemic
  • Sond. indigenous
    • Thesium subnudum Sond. var. foliosum A.W.Hill, endemic
    • Thesium subnudum Sond. var. subnudum, endemic
  • N.E.Br. endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.DC. accepted as A.DC. present
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • Schltr. endemic
  • Thunb. ex L.f. indigenous
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, endemic
  • A.W.Hill, indigenous
  • Brenan, endemic
  • E.Mey. ex A.DC. endemic
  • Lam. endemic
  • Levyns, endemic
  • Dinter, accepted as Lacomucinaea lineata (L.f.) Nickrent & M.A.Garcia
  • Compton, endemic
  • A.DC. indigenous

Viscum[]

Genus Viscum:[4]

  • E.Mey. ex Sprague, endemic
  • Viscum capense L.f. indigenous
    • Viscum capense L.f. subsp. hoolei Wiens, accepted as Wiens, present
  • Viscum combreticola Engl. indigenous
  • E.Mey. ex Sprague, endemic
  • Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Dinter ex Neusser, indigenous
  • Wiens, indigenous
  • Engl. & Schinz, indigenous
  • Viscum minimum Harv. endemic
  • Hochst. ex A.Rich. accepted as DC.
  • Harv. indigenous
  • Thunb. indigenous
  • Wiens, indigenous
  • L.f. endemic
  • Viscum rotundifolium L.f. indigenous
  • Engl. & K.Krause, indigenous
  • Burtt Davy, accepted as A.Rich. present
  • Schltr. indigenous
  • DC. indigenous
    • Viscum triflorum DC. subsp. nervosum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) M.G.Gilbert, accepted as DC. present
  • A.Rich. indigenous
  • Harv. indigenous

References[]

  1. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  2. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
Retrieved from ""