List of conflicts in Europe

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"War in Europe" redirects here. For the board game, see War in Europe (game).

This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.

There are various definitions of Europe and in particular, there is a significant dispute about the eastern and southeastern boundaries, specifically about how to define the countries of the former Soviet Union. This list is based on a wide definition that includes much of the interface between Europe and Western Asia.

BC[]

Pre-500 BC[]

  • c. 5000 BC Talheim Death Pit
  • c. 1104–900 BC Dorian invasion
  • c. 753–351 BC Roman–Etruscan Wars
  • c. 753–494 BC Roman–Sabine wars
  • 743–724 BC First Messenian War
  • 710–650 BC Lelantine War
  • circa 700–601 BC Alban war with Rome
  • 685–668 BC Second Messenian War
  • 669–668 BC Sparta–Argos War
  • 600–265 BC Greek–Punic Wars
  • 595–585 BC First Sacred War
  • 560 BC Second Arcadian War
  • 540 BC Battle of Alalia
  • 538–522 BC Polycrates wars

500–200 BC[]

  • 509–396 BC Early Italian campaigns
  • 500–499 BC Persian invasion of Naxos'
  • 499–493 BC Ionian Revolt
  • 492–490 BC First Persian invasion of Greece
  • 482–479 BC Second Persian invasion of Greece
  • 480–307 BC Sicilian Wars
  • 460–445 BC First Peloponnesian War
  • 449–448 BC Second Sacred War
  • 440–439 BC Samian War
  • 431–404 BC Second Peloponnesian War
  • 395–387 BC Corinthian War
  • 390–387 BC Celtic invasion of Italia
  • 335 BC Alexander's Balkan campaign
  • 323–322 BC Lamian War
  • 280–275 BC Pyrrhic War
  • 267–261 BC Chremonidean War
  • 264–241 BC First Punic War
  • 229–228 BC First Illyrian War
  • 220–219 BC Second Illyrian War
  • 218–201 BC Second Punic War
  • 214–205 BC First Macedonian War

200 BC onwards[]

  • 200–197 BC Second Macedonian War
  • 191–189 BC Aetolian War
  • 171–168 BC Third Macedonian War
  • 135–132 BC First Servile War
  • 113–101 BC Cimbrian War
  • 113 BC – AD 439 Germanic Wars
  • 104–100 BC Second Servile War
  • 91–87 BC Social War
  • 87 BC Bellum Octavianum
  • 85 BC Colchis uprising against Pontus
  • 80–72 BC Sertorian War
  • 82–81 BC Sulla's civil war
  • 77 BC Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
  • 73–71 BC Third Servile War
  • 73–63 BC Roman Expansion in Syria & Judea
  • 65–63 BC Pompey's campaign in Caucasus
  • 63–62 BC Second Catilinarian conspiracy
  • 55–54 BC Caesar's invasions of Britain
  • 58–51 BC Gallic Wars
  • 49–45 BC Caesar's Civil War
  • 42–36 BC Bellum Siculum
  • 43 BC Battle of Mutina
  • 43–42 BC Liberators' civil war
  • 41–40 BC Perusine War
  • 32–30 BC Final War of the Roman Republic

1st–10th century AD[]

Battle of the Milvian Bridge, 312
Battle of the Hellespont, 324

11th century[]

Battle of Hastings (1066)

12th century[]

Monument of Didgori Battle, Georgia

13th century[]

Battle of Muret, 1213

14th century[]

Battle of Sluys, 1340, from a manuscript
Battle of Nájera, 1367

15th century[]

Battle of Formigny, 1450

16th century[]

Battle of Marignano, 1515
Siege of Narva, 1558
Siege of Szigetvar, 1566
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, 1572
Battle of Sisak, 1593

17th century[]

Relief of Genoa, 1625
Action at La Hogue, 1692
  • 1600–1629 Polish–Swedish War
  • 1602 Savoyard escalade of Geneva
  • 1605–1618 Polish–Muscovite War
  • 1606–1607 Bolotnikov Rebellion
  • 1606–1608 Zebrzydowski Rebellion
  • 1610–1614 – 15,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1610–1617 Ingrian War
  • 1611–1613 Kalmar War
  • 1615–1618 Uskok War
  • 1615–1617 – 2,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1617–1621 – 5,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1618–1619 – 6,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War
    • 1624–1625 Siege of Breda – Spain vs. Holland, England
    • 1635 Siege of Leuven – Spain vs. Holland, France
    • 1637 Battle off Lizard Point – Spain vs. Holland
    • 1638 Battle of Getaria – France vs. Spain
    • 1639 Battle of the Downs – Spain vs. Holland
    • 1643 Battle of Rocroi – France vs. Spain
    • 1648 Battle of Lens – France vs. Spain
  • 1618–1639 Bündner Wirren
  • 1620–1621 Polish–Ottoman War
  • 1625 Zhmaylo Uprising
  • 1627–1629 Anglo-French War
  • 1628–1631 War of the Mantuan Succession
  • 1630 Fedorovych Uprising
  • 1632–1634 Smolensk War
  • 1637 Pavlyuk Uprising
  • 1638 Ostryanyn Uprising
  • 1639–1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms
    • 1639-1640 Bishops' Wars
    • 1641-1653 Irish Confederate Wars
    • 1642-1651 English Civil War
    • 1649-1653 Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
  • 1640–1668 Spanish-Portuguese War – 80,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1648–1659 Franco-Spanish War – 108,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1648–1657 Khmelnytsky Uprising
  • 1651 Kostka-Napierski Uprising
  • 1651–1986 Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War
  • 1652–1674 Anglo-Dutch Wars
  • 1653 Swiss peasant war of 1653
  • 1654 First Bremian War
  • 1654–1667 Russo–Polish War
  • 1654–1660 English-Spanish War – 15,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1655–1660 Second Northern War
  • 1656 War of Villmergen
  • 1663–1664 Austro-Turkish War
  • 1666 Second Bremian War
  • 1666–1671 Polish–Cossack–Tatar War
  • 1667–1668 War of Devolution – 4,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1670–1671 Razin's Rebellion
  • 1672 First Kuruc Uprising
  • 1672–1678 Franco-Dutch War – 342,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1672–1673 Second Genoese–Savoyard War
  • 1675–1679 Scanian War
  • 1676–1681 Russo-Turkish War
  • 1679 Covenanter Rebellion
  • 1683–1684 War of the Reunions – 5,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1683–1699 Great Turkish War – 384,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1685 Monmouth Rebellion
  • 1688 Glorious Revolution
  • 1688–1697 Nine Years' War – 680,000 killed in action[1]
  • 1689–1692 First Jacobite Rising

18th century[]

Battle of Denain, 1712
Battle of Fontenoy, 1745
Great Siege of Gibraltar, 1779–83

19th century[]

Battle of Marengo, 1800
Napoléon at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805), by François Pascal Simon, Baron Gérard
Scene from the Finnish War (1808), by Albert Edelfelt
Battle of Akhalzic (1828), by January Suchodolski
Napoleon III at the Battle of Solferino (1859), by Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier
The Sea Battle of Lissa by Carl Frederik Sørensen, 1868

20th century[]

Explosion of the Hawthorn Ridge mine, 1 July 1916, marked the beginning of the Battle of the Somme.
Republican International Brigadiers on a Soviet T-26 tank at the Battle of Belchite, 1937
German Stuka dive bombers in the Eastern Front (World War II) 1941–45
A Soviet IS-2 tank in Leipzig during the 1953 East Germany Uprising
Icelandic patrol ship ICGV Odinn and British frigate HMS Scylla clash during the Second Cod War
A "Sniper at work" sign in Crossmaglen, a symbol of the IRA sniper campaign in South Armagh during the last stages of the Northern Ireland Troubles
UNPROFOR troops on their way up "Sniper Alley" in Sarajevo during the Bosnian War
A Russian helicopter downed by Chechen militants, during the First Chechen War
The Russian Army's Vostok Battalion in South Ossetia

21st century[]

Damaged building during the Donbas War, in Lysychansk, Ukraine, 4 August 2014
  • 2001 Georgia, Kodori crisis
  • 2001 Insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia
  • 2004–2013 Unrest in Kosovo
  • 2004 Georgia, Adjara crisis
  • 2004 Georgia, South Ossetia clashes
  • 2006 Georgia, Kodori crisis
  • 2007–2015 Civil war in Ingushetia
  • 2008 Russo–Georgian war
  • 2009–present Insurgency in the North Caucasus
  • 2014–present Russo-Ukrainian War
    • 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
    • 2014–present Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
    • 2014–present War in Donbas
  • 2015 Kumanovo clashes
  • 2020–present 2020–2021 Belarusian protests

Ongoing conflicts[]

Ongoing conflicts in Europe
Conflict Includes Date started Duration Casualties
Abkhaz–Georgian conflict 1989 33 years 4,000 to 15,000 killed
Georgian–Ossetian conflict 1989 33 years 2,000+ killed
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict 1991 −7 months and 1 week 7,000+ killed
Dissident Irish Republican campaign 10/04/1998 23 years, 10 months, 1 week and 3 days A few dozens, most of them in the 1998 Omagh bombing
Chechen–Russian conflict 1785 237 years 33,000 to 240,000 killed in Second Chechen War
Russo-Ukrainian War
  • 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
  • Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
  • War in Donbas
 2014-02-20 8 years 12,800 to 13,000 killed, 27,000 to 30,000 wounded, as of December, 2018

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Levy, Jack S. (July 15, 2014). War in the Modern Great Power System: 1495--1975. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813163659 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ Urlanis, B.Ts. (1960). Wars and population. p. 55.
  3. ^ Schmid, Carol L. (1981). Conflict and Consensus in Switzerland. University of California Press. p. 127. ISBN 9780520040793.
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