List of mammals of Cameroon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Cameroon. There are 327 mammal species in Cameroon, of which four are critically endangered, sixteen are endangered, twenty-three are vulnerable, and fourteen are near threatened.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)[]

The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora.

  • Family: Tenrecidae (tenrecs)
    • Subfamily: Potamogalinae
      • Genus: Potamogale
        • Giant otter shrew, P. velox LC
  • Family: Chrysochloridae
    • Subfamily: Chrysochlorinae
    • Subfamily: Amblysominae
      • Genus: Calcochloris
        • Congo golden mole, Calcochloris leucorhinus DD

Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)[]

Aardvark

The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

  • Family: Orycteropodidae
    • Genus: Orycteropus
      • Aardvark, O. afer LC

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)[]

Cape hyrax

The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

  • Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes)
    • Genus: Dendrohyrax
      • Western tree hyrax, D. dorsalis LC
    • Genus: Procavia
      • Cape hyrax, P. capensis LC

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)[]

African bush elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

  • Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
    • Genus: Loxodonta
      • African bush elephant, L. africana EN[2]
      • African forest elephant, L. cyclotis CR[3]

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)[]

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

  • Family: Trichechidae
    • Genus: Trichechus
      • African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis VU

Order: Primates[]

Senegal bushbaby
Drill
Mantled guereza
Western gorilla
Common chimpanzee in Cameroon's South Province

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

  • Suborder: Strepsirrhini
    • Infraorder: Lemuriformes
      • Superfamily: Lorisoidea
        • Family: Lorisidae
          • Genus: Arctocebus
            • Golden angwantibo, Arctocebus aureus LR/nt
            • Calabar angwantibo, Arctocebus calabarensis LR/nt
          • Genus: Perodicticus
            • Potto, Perodicticus potto LR/lc
        • Family: Galagidae
          • Genus: Sciurocheirus
          • Genus: Galago
            • Senegal bushbaby, Galago senegalensis LR/lc
          • Genus: Galagoides
          • Genus: Euoticus
            • Southern needle-clawed bushbaby, Euoticus elegantulus LR/nt
            • Northern needle-clawed bushbaby, Euoticus pallidus LR/nt
  • Suborder: Haplorhini
    • Infraorder: Simiiformes
      • Parvorder: Catarrhini
        • Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
          • Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
            • Genus: Allenopithecus
            • Genus: Miopithecus
              • Gabon talapoin, Miopithecus ogouensis LR/lc
            • Genus: Erythrocebus
              • Patas monkey, Erythrocebus patas LR/lc
            • Genus: Chlorocebus
              • Tantalus monkey, Chlorocebus tantalus LR/lc
            • Genus: Cercopithecus
              • Red-tailed monkey, Cercopithecus ascanius LR/lc
              • Moustached guenon, Cercopithecus cephus LR/lc
              • Red-eared guenon, Cercopithecus erythrotis VU
              • Mona monkey, Cercopithecus mona LR/lc
              • De Brazza's monkey, Cercopithecus neglectus LR/lc
              • Greater spot-nosed monkey, Cercopithecus nictitans LR/lc
              • Crowned guenon, Cercopithecus pogonias LR/lc
              • Preuss's monkey, Cercopithecus preussi EN
            • Genus: Lophocebus
              • Grey-cheeked mangabey, Lophocebus albigena LR/lc
            • Genus: Papio
              • Olive baboon, Papio anubis LR/lc
            • Genus: Cercocebus
              • Collared mangabey, Cercocebus torquatus LR/nt
            • Genus: Mandrillus
              • Drill, Mandrillus leucophaeus EN
              • Mandrill, Mandrillus sphinx VU
            • Subfamily: Colobinae
        • Superfamily: Hominoidea
          • Family: Hominidae (great apes)
            • Subfamily: Homininae
              • Tribe: Gorillini
                • Genus: Gorilla
                  • Western gorilla, Gorilla gorilla EN
              • Tribe: Panini
                • Genus: Pan
                  • Common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes EN

Order: Rodentia (rodents)[]

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)[]

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

  • Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
    • Genus: Lepus
      • Cape hare, Lepus capensis LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)[]

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

  • Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)[]

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

  • Family: Soricidae (shrews)
    • Subfamily: Crocidurinae
      • Genus: Crocidura
        • Hun shrew, Crocidura attila LC
        • Bates's shrew, Crocidura batesi LC
        • Long-footed shrew, Crocidura crenata LC
        • Crosse's shrew, Crocidura crossei LC
        • Dent's shrew, Crocidura denti LC
        • Long-tailed musk shrew, Crocidura dolichura LC
        • Eisentraut's shrew, Crocidura eisentrauti VU
        • Fox's shrew, Crocidura foxi LC
        • Savanna shrew, Crocidura fulvastra LC
        • Bicolored musk shrew, Crocidura fuscomurina LC
        • Goliath shrew, Crocidura goliath LC
        • Grasse's shrew, Crocidura grassei LC
        • Hildegarde's shrew, Crocidura hildegardeae LC
        • Lamotte's shrew, Crocidura lamottei LC
        • Butiaba naked-tailed shrew, Crocidura littoralis LC
        • Ludia's shrew, Crocidura ludia LC
        • Manenguba shrew, Crocidura manengubae VU
        • Nigerian shrew, Crocidura nigeriae LC
        • African giant shrew, Crocidura olivieri LC
        • Small-footed shrew, Crocidura parvipes LC
        • Cameroonian shrew, Crocidura picea EN
        • Fraser's musk shrew, Crocidura poensis LC
        • Roosevelt's shrew, Crocidura roosevelti LC
        • Turbo shrew, Crocidura turba LC
        • Savanna path shrew, Crocidura viaria LC
        • Voi shrew, Crocidura voi LC
        • Yankari shrew, Crocidura yankariensis LC
      • Genus: Paracrocidura
        • Lesser large-headed shrew, Paracrocidura schoutedeni LC
      • Genus: Suncus
      • Genus: Sylvisorex
    • Subfamily: Myosoricinae
      • Genus: Congosorex
        • Lesser Congo shrew, Congosorex verheyeni LC
      • Genus: Myosorex
        • Oku mouse shrew, Myosorex okuensis EN
        • Rumpi mouse shrew, Myosorex rumpii CR

Order: Chiroptera (bats)[]

Egyptian fruit bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)[]

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

  • Family: Manidae
    • Genus: Manis
      • Giant pangolin, Manis gigantea LR/lc
      • Long-tailed pangolin, Manis tetradactyla LR/lc
      • Tree pangolin, Manis tricuspis LR/lc

Order: Cetacea (whales)[]

Spinner dolphin

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

  • Suborder: Mysticeti
    • Family: Balaenopteridae
      • Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
        • Genus: Balaenoptera
          • Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
          • Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis DD
          • Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN
          • Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD
          • Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
          • Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
      • Subfamily: Megapterinae
        • Genus: Megaptera
          • Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae VU
  • Suborder: Odontoceti
    • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
      • Family: Physeteridae
        • Genus: Physeter
          • Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
      • Family: Kogiidae
        • Genus: Kogia
          • Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps LR/lc
          • Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LR/lc
      • Family: Ziphidae
      • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
        • Genus: Steno
          • Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
        • Genus: Tursiops
          • Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC
        • Genus: Delphinus
          • Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD
        • Genus: Stenella
          • Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LR/cd
          • Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
          • Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
          • Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene DD
          • Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LR/cd
        • Genus: Lagenodelphis
        • Genus: Sousa
          • Atlantic humpback dolphin, Sousa teuszii
        • Genus: Orcinus
          • Orca, Orcinus orca LR/cd
        • Genus: Feresa
          • Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
        • Genus: Pseudorca
          • False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LR/lc
        • Genus: Globicephala
          • Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus LR/cd
        • Genus: Peponocephala
          • Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)[]

African leopard
Common genet

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

  • Suborder: Feliformia
    • Family: Felidae (cats)
      • Subfamily: Felinae
        • Genus: Caracal
          • African golden cat, C. aurata VU[4]
          • Caracal, C. caracal LC[5]
        • Genus: Felis
        • Genus: Leptailurus
          • Serval, L. serval LC[6]
      • Subfamily: Pantherinae
        • Genus: Panthera
          • Lion, P. leo VU[7]
          • Leopard, P. pardus VU[8]
    • Family: Viverridae
      • Subfamily: Viverrinae
        • Genus: Civettictis
          • African civet, C. civetta LC[9]
        • Genus: Genetta
          • Crested servaline genet, G. cristata VU[10]
          • Common genet, G. genetta LC[11]
          • Rusty-spotted genet, Genetta maculata LC
          • Servaline genet, Genetta servalina LC
          • Hausa genet, Genetta thierryi LC
        • Genus: Poiana
          • Central African oyan, P. richardsonii LC[12]
    • Family: Nandiniidae
      • Genus: Nandinia
        • African palm civet, Nandinia binotata LC
    • Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
      • Genus: Atilax
        • Marsh mongoose, Atilax paludinosus LC
      • Genus: Bdeogale
        • Black-footed mongoose, Bdeogale nigripes LC
      • Genus: Crossarchus
        • Flat-headed kusimanse, Crossarchus platycephalus LC
      • Genus: Herpestes
        • Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon LC[13]
        • Common slender mongoose, Herpestes sanguineus LC
      • Genus: Mungos
        • Banded mongoose, Mungos mungo LC
      • Genus: Xenogale
        • Long-nosed mongoose, Xenogale naso LC
    • Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
      • Genus: Crocuta
        • Spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta LC
      • Genus: Hyaena
        • Striped hyena, H. hyaena LC[14]
  • Suborder: Caniformia
    • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
      • Genus: Canis
        • African golden wolf, C. lupaster LC[15]
      • Genus: Lupulella
        • Side-striped jackal, L. adusta LC
      • Genus: Lycaon
        • African wild dog, L. pictus EN extirpated
      • Genus: Vulpes
        • Pale fox, V. pallida LC
    • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
      • Genus: Ictonyx
        • Striped polecat, Ictonyx striatus LC
      • Genus: Mellivora
        • Honey badger, M. capensis LC[16]
      • Genus: Hydrictis
        • Speckle-throated otter, Hydrictis maculicollis LC
      • Genus: Aonyx
        • African clawless otter, Aonyx capensis LC

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)[]

Black rhinoceros

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

  • Family: Rhinocerotidae
    • Genus: Diceros
      • Western black rhinoceros, Diceros bicornis longipes EX

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)[]

Topi
Red-fronted gazelle
African buffalo
Bushbuck
Blue duiker
Waterbuck

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

  • Family: Suidae (pigs)
    • Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
      • Genus: Phacochoerus
        • Common warthog, Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc
    • Subfamily: Suinae
      • Genus: Hylochoerus
        • Giant forest hog, Hylochoerus meinertzhageni LR/lc
      • Genus: Potamochoerus
        • Red river hog, Potamochoerus porcus LR/lc
  • Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
    • Genus: Hippopotamus
      • Hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius VU
  • Family: Tragulidae
    • Genus: Hyemoschus
      • Water chevrotain, Hyemoschus aquaticus DD
  • Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
    • Genus: Giraffa
      • West African giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis peralta EN
  • Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
    • Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
      • Genus: Alcelaphus
        • Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus LR/cd
      • Genus: Damaliscus
        • Topi, Damaliscus lunatus LR/cd
    • Subfamily: Antilopinae
      • Genus: Gazella
        • Dama gazelle, Gazella dama CR
        • Red-fronted gazelle, Gazella rufifrons VU
      • Genus: Neotragus
      • Genus: Ourebia
        • Oribi, Ourebia ourebi LR/cd
    • Subfamily: Bovinae
      • Genus: Syncerus
        • African buffalo, Syncerus caffer LR/cd
      • Genus: Tragelaphus
        • Giant eland, Tragelaphus derbianus LR/nt
        • Bongo, Tragelaphus eurycerus LR/nt
        • Bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus LR/lc
        • Sitatunga, Tragelaphus spekii LR/nt
    • Subfamily: Cephalophinae
      • Genus: Cephalophus
        • Peters's duiker, Cephalophus callipygus LR/nt
        • Bay duiker, Cephalophus dorsalis LR/nt
        • White-bellied duiker, Cephalophus leucogaster LR/nt
        • Blue duiker, Cephalophus monticola LR/lc
        • Black-fronted duiker, Cephalophus nigrifrons LR/nt
        • Ogilby's duiker, Cephalophus ogilbyi LR/nt
        • Red-flanked duiker, Cephalophus rufilatus LR/cd
        • Yellow-backed duiker, Cephalophus silvicultor LR/nt
      • Genus: Sylvicapra
        • Common duiker, Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc
    • Subfamily: Hippotraginae
      • Genus: Hippotragus
        • Roan antelope, Hippotragus equinus LR/cd
    • Subfamily: Reduncinae
      • Genus: Kobus
        • Waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus LR/cd
        • Kob, Kobus kob LR/cd
      • Genus: Redunca
        • Mountain reedbuck, Redunca fulvorufula LC
        • Bohor reedbuck, Redunca redunca LR/cd

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ^ Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Balfour, D.; Wittemyer, G.; Maisels, F.; Taylor, R.D. (2021). "Loxodonta africana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T181008073A204401095. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T181008073A204401095.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  3. ^ Gobush, K.S.; Edwards, C.T.T.; Maisels, F.; Wittemyer, G.; Balfour, D.; Taylor, R.D. (2021). "Loxodonta cyclotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T181007989A204404464. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T181007989A204404464.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  4. ^ Bahaa-el-din, L.; Mills, D.; Hunter, L. & Henschel, P. (2015). "Caracal aurata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T18306A50663128.
  5. ^ Avgan, B.; Henschel, P. & Ghoddousi, A. (2016). "Caracal caracal". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T3847A102424310.
  6. ^ Thiel, C. (2015). "Leptailurus serval". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11638A50654625.
  7. ^ Henschel, P.; Bauer, H.; Sogbohoussou, E. & Nowell, K. (2015). "Panthera leo West Africa subpopulation". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T68933833A54067639.
  8. ^ Stein, A.B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S.; Kamler, J. F.; Laguardia, A.; Khorozyan, I. & Ghoddousi, A. (2019). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T15954A160698029.
  9. ^ Do Linh San, E.; Gaubert, P.; Wondmagegne, D. & Ray, J. (2015). "Civettictis civetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41695A45218199.
  10. ^ Gaubert, P.; Angelici, F.M. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Genetta cristata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T8998A45198406.
  11. ^ Gaubert, P.; Carvalho, F.; Camps, D. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Genetta genetta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41698A45218636.
  12. ^ Gaubert, P. & Do Linh San, E. (2015). "Poiana richardsonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41704A45219609.
  13. ^ Do Linh San, E.; Maddock, A.H.; Gaubert, P. & Palomares, F. (2016). "Herpestes ichneumon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41613A45207211.
  14. ^ AbiSaid, M. & Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T10274A45195080.
  15. ^ Hoffmann, M. & Atickem, A. (2019). "Canis lupaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T118264888A118265889.
  16. ^ Do Linh San, E.; Begg, C.; Begg, K. & Abramov, A. V. (2016). "Mellivora capensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41629A45210107.

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