Mephentermine

Mephentermine

Clinical data
Other names	methyl(2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-yl)amine
Routes of administration	IM/IV
ATC code	C01CA11 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Rapidly demethylated in the body followed by hydroxylation.
Excretion	Via urine (as unchanged and metabolites); more rapid in acidic urine.
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number	100-92-5 Y
PubChem CID	3677
IUPHAR/BPS	7222
DrugBank	DB01365 Y
ChemSpider	3549 Y
UNII	TEZ91L71V4
KEGG	D08180 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201234 N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4023256
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.638
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H17N
Molar mass	163.264 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES N(C(Cc1ccccc1)(C)C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C11H17N/c1-11(2,12-3)9-10-7-5-4-6-8-10/h4-8,12H,9H2,1-3H3 Y Key:RXQCGGRTAILOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)

Mephentermine is a cardiac stimulant. It was formerly used in Wyamine nasal decongestant inhalers and before that as a stimulant in psychiatry.

It has been used as a treatment for low blood pressure.^[1]

ATC Classification: C01CA11 - mephentermine ; Belongs to the class of adrenergic and dopaminergic cardiac stimulants excluding glycosides. Used in the treatment of heart failure.

Mechanism of action[]

Mephentermine appears to act by indirect stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors causing the release of norepinephrine from its storage sites. It has a positive inotropic effect on the myocardium. AV conduction and refractory period of AV node is shortened with an increase in ventricular conduction velocity. It dilates arteries and arterioles in the skeletal muscle and mesenteric vascular beds, leading to an increase in venous return.

Its onset is 5 to–15 minutes with intramuscular dosing, and immediate with intravenous dosing.

Its duration of action is four hours with intramuscular dosing and 30 minutes with intravenous dosing.

Indication and dosage[]

For maintenance of blood pressure in hypotensive states, the dose for adults is 30–45 mg as a single dose, repeated as necessary or followed by intravenous infusion of 0.1% mephentermine in 5% dextrose, with the rate and duration of administration depending on the patient's response.

For hypotension secondary to spinal anaesthesia in obstetric patients, the dose for adults is 15 mg as a single dose, repeated if needed. The maximum dose 30 mg.

Caution[]

Contraindications[]

Low blood pressure caused by phenothiazines, hypertension, and pheochromocytoma.

Special Precautions[]

Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors. For shock due to loss of blood or fluid, give fluid replacement therapy primarily, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, chronic illnesses, lactation, pregnancy, skin dryness. headache.

Adverse Drug Reactions[]

The most common side effects are drowsiness, incoherence, hallucinations, convulsions, slow heart rate (reflex bradycardia). Fear, anxiety, restlessness, tremor, insomnia, confusion, irritability, and psychosis. Nausea, vomiting, reduced appetite, urinary retention, dyspnea, weakness.

Potentially fatal reactions are due to atrioventricular block, central nervous system stimulation, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and ventricular arrhythmias.

Drug Interactions[]

Mephentermine antagonizes effect of agents that lower blood pressure. Severe hypertension may occur with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and possibly tricyclic antidepressants. Additive vasoconstricting effects occur with ergot alkaloids, and oxytocin.

Potentially fatal drug interactions are the risk of abnormal heart rhythm in people undergoing anesthesia with cyclopropane and halothane.

References[]

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