2004 in paleontology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
List of years in paleontology (table)
In science
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2004.

Protozoa[]

New taxa[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Paleoleishmania[2]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Poinar & Poinar

Albian

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

Oldest record of the protozoan family Trypanosomatidae,
Type species P. proterus

Paleoleishmania proterus

Fungi[]

newly named[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Appianoporites[3]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Smith, Currah, & Stockey

Eocene

.

 Canada

Extinct bracket fungus

Quatsinoporites[3]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Smith, Currah, & Stockey

Barremian (Cretaceous)

.

 Canada

Extinct bracket fungus.

Plants[]

Newly named plants[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Liquidambar changii[4]

Sp nov.

Valid

Pigg, Ickert-Bond, & Wen

Middle Miocene

"Yakima Canyon Flora"

 USA

A species of sweetgum

Neviusia dunthornei[5]

Sp nov

Valid

DeVore, Moore, Pigg, & Wehr

Ypresian

Allenby Formation.

 Canada

oldest and only extinct species of Neviusia

Arthropoda[]

newly named arachnids[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

?Anyphops cortex[6]

sp nov

jr synonym[7]

Wunderlich

Unknown

 Madagascar

jr Synonym of Garcorops jadis

Garcorops jadis[8]

sp nov

Valid

Bosselaers

Unknown

 Madagascar

Possibly extant, but copal age is not determined

Newly named insects[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Afromyrma[9]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn

Turonian

 Botswana

A Myrmicin ant, type species A. petrosa

Afropone[9]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn

Turonian

 Botswana

A ponerin ant, two species

Albicoccus[10]

Fam, gen et sp nov

valid

Koteja

Albian - Cenomanian

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

A scale insect, monotypic with Albicoccidae & A. dimai

Burmacoccus[10]

Fam, gen et sp nov

valid

Koteja

Albian - Cenomanian

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

A scale insect, monotypic with Burmacoccidae & B. danyi

[11]

Comb nov

valid

(Mayr, 1868)

Middle Eocene

Baltic amber

 Europe

Fossil myrmicine ant

Electrostephanus janzeni[12]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Engel

Lutetian

Baltic Amber

 Russia

A stephanid wasp

Gerontoformica[13]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Nel & Perrault

Albian - Cenomanian

 France

A stem group ant,
type species G. cretacica

Gerontoformica cretacica

Marmyan[10]

gen et sp nov

valid

Koteja

Cenomanian

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

A scale insect, monotypic M. barbarae

Microberotha[14]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Archibald

Ypresian

 Canada

A Berothid lacewing

[15]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Poinar

Cenomanian

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

A Phlebotomidae sand fly, type species P. burmitis

Newly named fishes[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Valiukevičius

Late Silurian

 Latvia

An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family .

Lophosteus canadensis[17]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schultze & Märss

Late Silurian

Barlow Inlet Formation

 Canada

A bony fish belonging to the group .

Lophosteus ohesaarensis[17]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schultze & Märss

Late Silurian

 Estonia
 Latvia

A bony fish belonging to the group .

Lophosteus uralensis[17]

Sp. nov

Valid

Schultze & Märss

Early Devonian

 Russia

A bony fish belonging to the group .

Nostolepis alifera[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Valiukevičius

Late Silurian

 Latvia

An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family .

Nostolepis latvica[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Valiukevičius

Late Silurian


 Latvia

An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family .

[18]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Elliott, Mark-Kurik & Daeschler

Devonian (Frasnian)

 Canada

A member of Pteraspidiformes belonging to the group Psammosteida and the family . The type species is P. pulla

[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Valiukevičius

Late Silurian

 Estonia
 Latvia

An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family .

[16]

Sp. nov

Valid

Valiukevičius

Late Silurian

 Estonia
 Latvia

An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family .

[19]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Žigaitė

Silurian



 Mongolia
 Russia

A thelodont, possibly a member of the group . The type species is T. rimae

[20]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Miller, Märss & Blom

Late Silurian

 Estonia
 United Kingdom

A member of Anaspida belonging to the group Birkeniida, possibly a member of the family Septentrioniidae. The type species is T. juncta; genus also includes T. concatenata.

Newly named amphibians[]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Jakubsonia[21]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Lebedev

Devonian (Famennian)

 Russia

A basal member of Tetrapoda. The type species is J. livnensis

Archosauromorphs[]

Newly named dinosaurs[]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[22]

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Atrociraptor[23]

Valid

Currie & Varricchio

Edmontonian

Horseshoe Canyon Formation

 Canada

Bissektipelta[24]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Parish & Barrett

Cenomanian-Turonian

Bissekty Formation

 Uzbekistan

Bonatitan[25]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Martinelli & Forasiepi

Late Cretaceous

 Argentina

Bonitasaura[26]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Apesteguía

late Cretaceous

Bajo de la Carpa Formation

 Argentina

Borealosaurus[27]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

You, Ji, Lamanna,
Li, & Li

late Cretaceous

Sunjiawan Formation

 China

Dilong[28]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Xu, Norell, Kuang,
Wang, Zhao, & Jia

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

 China

Dilong

Ekrixinatosaurus[29]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Calvo, Rubilar-Rogers, & Moreno

Late Cretaceous

Candeleros Formation

 Argentina

Graciliraptor[30]

Valid

Xing & Wang

Barremian

Yixian Formation

 China

Huaxiagnathus[31]

Valid

Hwang, Norell, Ji, & Gao

Barremian

Yixian Formation

 China

Kerberosaurus[32]

Valid

Bolotsky & Godefroit

Late Cretaceous

 Russia

Limaysaurus[33]

Valid

Salgado, Garrido, Cocca, & Cocca

 Argentina

Mei[34]

Valid

Xu & Norell

Barremian

Yixian Formation

 China

Mirischia[35]

Valid

Naish, Martill, & Frey

Albian

Santana Formation

 Brazil

"Nemegtia"[36]

Preoccupied name

Lü, Tomida, Azuma,
Dong, Lee, & Szczechura

Renamed Nemegtomaia

Otogosaurus

Nomen nudum

Zhao & Tan

Prenoceratops[37]

Valid

Chinnery

 USA
 Montana

Rugops[38]

Valid

Sereno, Wilson, & Conrad

 Niger

Sinusonasus[39]

Valid

Xu, & Wang

Barremian

Yixian Formation

 China

Spinostropheus[38]

Valid

Sereno, Wilson & Conrad

Middle Jurassic

Irhazer Group

 Niger

A ceratosaur; new genus for
"Elaphrosaurus" gautieri Lapparent 1960.

Suuwassea[40]

Valid

Harris & Dodson

Kimmeridgian

Morrison Formation

 United States

Talenkauen[41]

Valid

Novas, Cambiaso, & Ambrosio

Pari Aike Formation

 Argentina

Tazoudasaurus[42]

Valid

Allain et al

 Morocco

Unaysaurus[43]

Valid

Leal, Azevedo,
Kellner, & Da Rosa

Caturrita Formation

 Brazil

Other archosauromorphs[]

Name Status Authors Location Notes Images
Crosbysaurus[44] Valid non-dinosaurian taxon.
 USA
Protecovasaurus[45] Valid non-dinosaurian taxon.
  • Heckert
 USA

Newly named birds[]

Name Status Novelty Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aberratiodontus [46]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

, &

Early Cretaceous

Jiufotang Formation

 China

An Enantiornithes,
Type species A. wui

[47]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Didier Berthet

Late Oligocene, Early Miocene

MP 29

 France

An Anseranatidae, the type species of Anserpica Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004.

Bavaripsitta ballmanni [48]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Miocene

 Germany:

 Bavaria

A Psittacidae, the type species of Bavaripsitta Mayr & Göhlich, 2004.

[47]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Didier Berthet

Late Oligocene, Early Miocene

MP 30,

 France;

 Germany

A Phalacrocoracidae, the type species of Borvocarbo Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004.

? [49]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Early Oligocene

Rupelian

 Germany:

 Baden-Württemberg;

 Belgium:

 Antwerp

A Gaviidae, not certain a species of Colymboides Milne-Edwards, 1868.

Eurotrochilus inexpectatus [50]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Early Oligocene

Rupelian

 Germany:

 Baden-Württemberg

A Trochilidae, the type species of Eurotrochilus Mayr, 2004.

Iaceornis marshi [51]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Julia A. Clarke

Late Cretaceous

Niobrara Formation

 USA:

 Kansas

An Ornithurae, the type species of Iaceornis Clarke, 2004.

Longirostravis hani [52]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Luis M. Chiappe

Chuong Cheng-Ming

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

 China

An Enantiornithes, Euenantiornithes, the type species of Longirostravis Hou, Chiappe, Zhang et Chuong, 2004.

[53]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Late Quaternary

 France:

 Corsica;

 Greece

A Turdidae, the type species of Meridiocichla Louchart, 2004.

[54]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Evgeny N. Kurochkin

Miocene

Middle

MN 10

 Ukraine

A Corvidae, the type species of Miopica Kurochkin & Sobolev, 2004.

[55]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Middle Miocene

MN 6

 Germany:

 Bavaria

A Scolopacidae, the type species of Mirolia Ballmann, 2004.

[55]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Middle Miocene

MN 6

 Germany:

 Bavaria

A Scolopacidae.

? [55]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Middle Miocene

MN 6

 Germany:

 Bavaria

A Scolopacidae, not certain to belong in Mirolia Ballmann, 2004.

[55]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Middle Miocene

MN 6

 Germany:

 Bavaria

A Scolopacidae.

[56]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

 Germany:

 Hessen

A Feduccia et Martin, 1976.

[56]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Middle Eocene

Messel pit

MP 11

 Germany:

 Hessen

A Feduccia et Martin, 1976.

[57]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Early Pliocene

Pisco Formation

 Peru

A Sulidae, the type species of Ramphastosula Stucchi & Urbina, 2004.

[58]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Early-Middle Pleistocene

Sicily

 Italy:

 Sicily

A Tytonidae.

Vescornis hebeiensis [59]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Zhou Zhonghe

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

 China

An Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus, most probably a junior synonym of Hebeiornis fengningensis Yan, 1999.

Vitirallus watlingi [60]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Trevor H. Worthy

Holocene

Viti Levu

 Fiji

A Rallidae, the type species of Vitirallus Worthy, 2004.

[61]

Valid

Gen et sp. nov.

Storrs L. Olson

Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene

 Brazil

A Cathartidae, the type species of Wingegyps Alvarenga & Olson, 2004.

Plesiosaurs[]

New taxa[]

Name Status Authors Location Notes

Plesiopterys

Valid

O'Keefe

 Germany

Pterosaurs[]

New taxa[]

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes

Avgodectes

Valid

Peters

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

 China

A pterosaur hatchling.

Cacibupteryx

Valid

Gasparini Fernández de la Fuente

Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)

Jagua Formation

 Cuba

A rhamphorhynchid.

"Daitingopterus"

Nomen Nudum

Maisch Matzke Ge Sun

Late Jurassic (Tithonian)

Solnhofen Limestone

 Germany

A germanodactylid.

Lonchognathosaurus

Valid

Maisch, M.W., Matzke, A.T., and Ge Sun

Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

Lianmuqin Formation

 China

A dsungaripterid.

Synapsids[]

Non-mammalian[]

Name Status Authors Discovery year Age Unit Location Notes Images

Ianthodon[62]

Valid

  • Kissel
  • Reisz

 USA

Lobalopex[63]

Valid

  • Sidor
  • Hopson
  • Keyser

 South Africa

Progalesaurus[64]

Valid

  • Sidor
  • Smith

 South Africa

Pyozia [65]

Valid

  • Anderson
  • Reisz

 Russia

Rewaconodon[66]

Valid

  • Datta
  • Das
  • Luo

 India

References[]

  1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
  2. ^ Poinar, G. (2008). "Lutzomyia adiketis sp. n. (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a vector of Paleoleishmania neotropicum sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Dominican amber". Parasites & Vectors. 1 (1): 22. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-22. PMC 2491605. PMID 18627624.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b Smith, S.Y.; Currah, R.S.; Stockey, R.A. (2004). "Cretaceous and Eocene poroid hymenophores from Vancouver Island, British Columbia". Mycologia. 96 (1): 180–186. doi:10.2307/3762001. JSTOR 3762001. PMID 21148842.
  4. ^ Pigg, K. B.; Ickert-Bond, S. M.; Wen, J. (2004). "Anatomically preserved Liquidambar (Altingiaceae) from the middle Miocene of Yakima Canyon, Washington state, USA, and its biogeographic implications". American Journal of Botany. 91 (3): 499–509. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.3.499. PMID 21653405.
  5. ^ DeVore, M.L.; Moore, S.M.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2004). "Fossil Neviusia leaves (Rosaceae: Kerrieae) from the Lower Middle Eocene of Southern British Columbia". Rhodora. 12 (927): 197–209. JSTOR 23314752.
  6. ^ Wunderlich, J. (2004). "Fossil spiders in amber and copal. Conclusions, revisions, new taxa and family diagnoses of fossil and extant taxa". Beiträge zur Araneologie. 3AB: 1–1908.
  7. ^ Penney, D.; Ono, H.; Selden, P.A. (2005). "A new synonymy for the Madagascan copal spider fauna (Araneae, Selenopidae)" (PDF). Journal of Afrotropical Zoology. 2: 41–44.[permanent dead link]
  8. ^ Bosselaers, J. (2004). "A new Garcorops species from Madagascar copal (Araneae: Selenopidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 445: 1–7. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.445.1.1.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Dlussky, G. M.; Brothers, D. J.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2004). "The first Late Cretaceous ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Africa, with comments on the origin of the Myrmicinae". Insect Systematics and Evolution. 35: 1–13. doi:10.1163/187631204788964727.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c Koteja, J (2004). "Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) from cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (2): 109–114. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001166. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)
  11. ^ Fernández, F. (2004). "The American species of the myrmicine ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Caldasia. 26: 191–238.
  12. ^ Engel, M.S.; Ortega-Blanco, J. (2008). "The fossil crown wasp Electrostephanus petiolatus Brues in Baltic Amber (Hymenoptera, Stephanidae): designation of a neotype, revised classification, and a key to amber Stephanidae". ZooKeys (4): 55–64. doi:10.3897/zookeys.4.49.
  13. ^ Nel, A.; Perrault, G.; Perrichot, V.; Néradeau, D. (2004). "The oldest ant in the lower cretaceous amber of Charente-maritime (SW France) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Geologica Acta. 2 (1): 23–29.
  14. ^ Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 136: 61–76. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.552.2285. doi:10.4039/n03-043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
  15. ^ Poinar, G. O. Jr. (2004). "Palaeomyia burmitis (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a new genus and species of Cretaceous sand flies with evidence of blood-sucking habits". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 106: 598–605.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Valiukevičius, Juozas (2004). "Silurian acanthodian succession of the Lužni-4 borehole (Latvia)" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 120–147.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b c Schultze, Hans-Peter; Märss, Tiiu (2004). "Revisiting Lophosteus, a primitive osteichthyan" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 57–78.
  18. ^ Elliott, David K.; Mark-Kurik, Elga; Daeschler, Edward B. (2004). "A revision of Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) and a description of a new obrucheviid from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 22–45.
  19. ^ Žigaitė, Živilė (2004). "A new thelodont from Lower Silurian of Tuva and north-west Mongolia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 158–165.
  20. ^ Miller, C. Giles; Märss, Tiiu; Blom, Henning (2004). "New anaspid material from the Late Silurian of Britain and Estonia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 46–56.
  21. ^ Lebedev, Oleg A. (2004). "A new tetrapod Jakubsonia livnensis from the Early Famennian (Devonian) of Russia and palaeoecological remarks on the Late Devonian tetrapod habitats" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 79–98.
  22. ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  23. ^ Currie, P.J. and D.J. Varricchio. 2004. A new dromaeosaurid from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada. In: Feathered Dragons: Studies on the Transition from Dinosaurs to Birds (P.J. Currie, E.B. Koppelhus, M.A. Shugar, and J.L. Wright, eds.). Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IA: pp. 112-132.
  24. ^ Parish, J.; Barrett, P.M. (2004). "A reappraisal of the ornithischian dinosaur Amtosaurus magnus Kurzanov and Tumanova 1978, with comments of the status of A. archibaldi Averianov 2002". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (3): 299–306. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41..299P. doi:10.1139/e03-101.
  25. ^ Martinelli, A.G. (2004). "Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Bajo de Santa Rosa (Allen Formation), Rio Negro province, Argentina, with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur (Titanosauridae)". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. Nueva Series. 6 (2): 257–305. doi:10.22179/REVMACN.6.88.
  26. ^ Apestegua, S. (2004). ""Bonitasaura salgadoi" gen. et sp. nov.: a beaked sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (10): 493–497. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..493A. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0560-6. PMID 15729763.
  27. ^ You, H.; Ji, Q.; Lamanna, M.C.; Li, J. (2004). "A titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur with opisthocoelous caudal vertebrae from the Early Late Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (4): 907–911. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00212.x.
  28. ^ Xu, X.; Norell, M.A.; Kuang, X.; Wang, X.; Zhao, Q.; Jia, C. (2004). "Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids". Nature. 431 (7009): 680–684. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..680X. doi:10.1038/nature02855. PMID 15470426.
  29. ^ Calvo, J.O.; Rubilar-Roger, D.; Moreno, K. (2004). "A new Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from northwest Patagonia". Ameghiniana (Rev. Asoc.Paleontol. Argent.). 41 (4): 555–563.
  30. ^ Xu, X.; Wang, X.-L. (2004). "A New Dromaeosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 42 (2): 11–119. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2004.02.002.
  31. ^ Hwang, S.H.; Norell, M.A.; Ji, Q.; Gao, K. (2004). "Large compognathid from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 13–30. doi:10.1017/S1477201903001081.
  32. ^ Bolotsky, Yu.L.; Godefroit, P. (2004). "A new hadrosaurine dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of far Eastern Russia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 351–365. doi:10.1671/1110.
  33. ^ Salgado, L.; Garrido, A.; Cocca, S.E.; Cocca, J.R. (2004). "Lower Cretaceous rebbachisaurid sauropods from Cerro Aguada del Leon (Lohan Cura Formation), Neuquen Province, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 903–912. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0903:LCRSFC]2.0.CO;2.
  34. ^ Xu, X.; Norell, M.A. (2004). "A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture". Nature. 431 (7010): 838–841. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..838X. doi:10.1038/nature02898. PMID 15483610.
  35. ^ Naish, D.; Martill, D.M.; Frey, E. (2004). "Ecology, systematics and biogeographical relationships of dinosaurs, including a new theropod, from the Santana Formation (?Albian, Early Cretaceous) of Brazil". Historical Biology. 16 (2–4): 1–14. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.394.9219. doi:10.1080/08912960410001674200.
  36. ^ Lu, J., Y. Tomida, Y. Azuma, Z.-M. Dong, and Y.- N. Lee. 2004. New oviraptorid dinosaur (Dinosauria: Oviraptorosauria) from the Nemegt Formation of southwestern Mongolia. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo (Series C) 30: pp. 95-130.
  37. ^ Chinnery, B.J. (2004). "Description of "Prenoceratops pieganensis" gen et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Neoceratopsia) from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (3): 572–590. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0572:DOPPGE]2.0.CO;2.
  38. ^ Jump up to: a b Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, and J.L. Conrad. 2004. New dinosaurs link southern landmasses in the Mid-Cretaceous. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (Series B) published online: pages 1-6.
  39. ^ Xu, X.; Wang, X. (2004). "A new troodontid (Theropoda: Troodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China". Acte Geologica Sinica. 78 (1): 22–26.
  40. ^ Harris, J.D.; Dodson, P. (2004). "A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 49 (2): 197–210.
  41. ^ Novas, F.E.; Cambiaso, A.V.; Ambrosio, A. (2004). "A new basal iguanodontian (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 41 (1): 75–85.
  42. ^ Allain, R.; Aquesbi, N.; Dejax, J.; Meyer, C.; Monbaron, M.; Montenat, C.; Richir, P.; Rochdy, M.; Russell, D.; Taquet, P. (2004). "A basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of Morocco" (PDF). Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3 (3): 199–208. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2004.03.001.
  43. ^ Leal; Azevedo, S.A.K.; Kellner, A.W.A.; da Rosa, A.A.S. (2004). "A new early dinosaur (Sauropodomorpha) from the Caturrita Formation (Late Triassic), Paraná Basin, Brazil". Zootaxa. 690: 1–24. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.690.1.1.
  44. ^ Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 27: 170 pages.
  45. ^ Heckert, A.B. 2004. Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 27: 170 pages.
  46. ^ Gong Enpu; Hou Lianhai; Wang Lixia (2004). "Enantiornithine Bird with Diapsidian Skull and Its Dental Development in the Early Cretaceous in Liaoning, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00668.x.
  47. ^ Jump up to: a b Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Didier Berthet; Marguerite Hugueney (2004). "The Late Oligocene of the Créchy Quarry (Allier, France), with a Description of Two New Genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 84 (1–2): 303–315. doi:10.1007/bf03043473.
  48. ^ Gerald Mayr; Ursula B. Göhlich (2004). "A New Parrot from the Miocene of Germany, with Comments on the Variation of Hypotarsus Morphology in Some Psittaciformes" (PDF). Belgian Journal of Zoology. 134 (1): 47–54.
  49. ^ Gerald Mayr (2004). "A Partial Skeleton of a New Fossil Loon (Aves, Gaviiformes) from the Early Oligocene of Germany with Preserved Stomach Content" (PDF). Journal of Ornithology. 145 (4): 281–286. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0050-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
  50. ^ Gerald Mayr (2004). "Old World Fossil Record of Modern-Type Hummingbirds". Science. 304 (5672): 861–864. Bibcode:2004Sci...304..861M. doi:10.1126/science.1096856. PMID 15131303.
  51. ^ Julia A. Clarke (2004). "Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 286: 1–179. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)286<0001:mptaso>2.0.co;2. hdl:2246/454.
  52. ^ Hou Lianhai; Luis M. Chiappe; Zhang Fucheng; Chuong Cheng-Ming (2004). "New Early Cretaceous Fossil from China Documents a Novel Trophic Specialization for Mesozoic Birds". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (1): 22–25. Bibcode:2004NW.....91...22H. doi:10.1007/s00114-003-0489-1. PMC 4382005. PMID 14740099.
  53. ^ Antoine Louchart (2004). "An Extinct Large Thrush (Aves: Turdidae) from the Late Quaternary of Mediterranean Europe". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 233 (2): 275–296. doi:10.1127/njgpa/233/2004/275.
  54. ^ Evgeny N. Kurochkin; Denis V. Sobolev (2004). "Miopica paradoxa gen. et sp n. - New Genus and Species of the Miocene Magpie" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 38 (6): 87–90.
  55. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Peter Ballmann (2004). "Fossil Calidrinae (Aves: Charadriiformes) from the Middle Miocene of the Nördlinger Ries" (PDF). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge. 52 (1–2): 101–114.
  56. ^ Jump up to: a b Gerald Mayr; Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Ilka Weidig (2004). "Osteology and Systematic Position of the Eocene Primobucconidae (Aves, Coraciiformes Sensu Stricto), with First Records from Europe" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1017/s1477201903001093. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
  57. ^ Marcelo Stucchi; Mario Urbina (2004). "Ramphastosula (Aves, Sulidae): a New Genus from the Early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 974–978. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0974:rasang]2.0.co;2.
  58. ^ Marco Pavia (2004). "A New Large Barn Owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Tytonidae) from the Middle Pleistocene of Sicily, Italy, and it's Taphonomical Significans" (PDF). Geobios. 37 (5): 631–641. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.05.007. hdl:2318/84927.
  59. ^ Zhang Fucheng; Per G.P. Ericson; Zhou Zhonghe (2004). "Description of a New Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of Hebei, Northern China" (PDF). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (9): 1097–1107. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41.1097Z. doi:10.1139/e04-055. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-23. Retrieved 2014-08-04.
  60. ^ Trevor H. Worthy (2004). "The Fossil Rails (Aves: Rallidae) of Fiji with Descriptions of a New Genus and Species" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 34 (3): 295–314. doi:10.1080/03014223.2004.9517768. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-29. Retrieved 2014-07-26.
  61. ^ Herculano M. Alvarenga; Storrs L. Olson (2004). "A New Genus of Tiny Condor from the Pleistocene of Brazil (Aves: Vulturidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 117 (1): 1–9.
  62. ^ Kissel, R.A. & Reisz, R.R. "Synapsid fauna of the Upper Pennsylvanian Rock Lake Shale near Garnett, Kansas and the diversity pattern of early amniotes". In G. Arratia, M. V. H. Wilson & R. Cloutier (eds.). Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2004.
  63. ^ ; Hopson, J.A.; Keyser, A.W. (2004). "A new burnetiamorph theraspid from the Teekloof Formation, Permian, of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 938–950. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0938:ANBTFT]2.0.CO;2.
  64. ^ Sidor, C.A.; Smith, R.M.H. (2004). "A new galesaurid (Therapsida: Cynodontia) from the Lower Triassic of South Africa". Palaeontology. 47 (3): 535–556. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00378.x.
  65. ^ Anderson, J.S.; Reisz, R.R. (2004). "Pyozia mesenensis, a new, small varanopid (Synapsida, Eupelycosauria) from Russia: "Pelycosaur" diversity in the Middle Permian". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (1): 173–179. doi:10.1671/1940-13.
  66. ^ Datta, P.M.; Das, D.P.; Luo, Z.-X. (2004). "A Late Triassic dromatheriid (Synapsida: Cynodontia) from India". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 73 (2): 12–24.
Retrieved from ""