Bandırma

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This article is about the district. For the Turkish ship, see SS Bandırma.
Bandırma
Town
Bandırma harbour 2009-08-17.jpg
Bandırma is located in Turkey
Bandırma
Bandırma
Location of Bandırma
Coordinates: 40°21′N 27°58′E / 40.350°N 27.967°E / 40.350; 27.967Coordinates: 40°21′N 27°58′E / 40.350°N 27.967°E / 40.350; 27.967
Country Turkey
RegionMarmara
ProvinceBalikesir
Government
 • MayorTolga Tosun (CHP)
Area
[1]
 • District713.38 km2 (275.44 sq mi)
Elevation
20 m (70 ft)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Urban
122,010
 • District
139,874
 • District density200/km2 (510/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
10200
Area code(s)(+90) 0266
Vehicle registration10
Websitewww.bandirma-bld.gov.tr

Bandırma (Turkish: [banˈdɯɾma]) is a city in northwestern Turkey with 158,857 inhabitants as of 2020[3] on the Sea of Marmara. Bandırma is a district of Balıkesir Province. Bandırma is located in the south of the Marmara Sea, in the bay with the same name, and is an important port city. It is approximately two hours away from Istanbul, Izmir and Bursa.

Bandırma may be reached by land, sea, air and rail. Regular ship trips are made to Tekirdağ and Istanbul from Bandırma every day. The accelerated train services between Izmir and Bandırma, which are made every day in connection with the ferry, offer a different transportation alternative.

Bandırma is home to the fifth-largest port in Turkey, second in the Marmara sea to Istanbul. The annual average trade volume of Bandırma Port, which meets 90% of the exports from Balıkesir province, is 800 million dollars.[4] Bandırma's twin towns are Kamen, Germany, Tongxiang, China, and Mardin, Turkey.

Geography[]

Bandırma's lands are quite flat in the coastal zone. These plains, cut with slight hills, rise to the south. Kocaavşa Creek, which springs within Bandırma, flows into Kuş Lake. Originating from Çanakkale province, Gönen Stream passes through the north of the district and flows into the Sea of Marmara from the west of the Kapıdağ Peninsula.[5] To the south of Bandırma is Lake Kuş, also known as Lake Manyas or Bird Paradise. The area of 24,047 hectares where this lake is located was declared a national park in 1959 with the name Kuş Cenneti National Park.[6] Evliya Çelebi said "It is not that deep, its water is similar to the water of life. Trout, pike, and a variety of delicious fish are caught in it. There are hunters who pay taxes to the state. So not everyone can fish for pleasure and for trade. In winter, this lake, It is filled with geese, ducks, swans, cormorants, mallards, gulls, goldfinches and other beautiful birds." about this lake.[7] There are 239 bird species in the park according to the periods. This park was included in the Ramsar Convention in 1998.[8]

Location[]

To the north of Bandırma is the Kapıdağ Peninsula, which is part of Erdek district, and the sea of Marmara. Manyas district and lake are to the south, Gönen is to the west and Karacabey of Bursa province is located to the east of Bandırma.[7]

Climate[]

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Bandırma has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa). In addition, as it is located on the transition zone affected by the continental climate effect from the Balkans, various climatic characteristics are observed in the district. In Bandırma, according to 52 years of data; the lowest temperature was recorded as −14.6 °C (5.7 °F) (January 15, 1954) and the highest temperature as 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) (July 9, 2000).

The annual average temperature is 14 °C (57 °F). The dominant wind direction is north-northeast. Average wind speed is 15 km/h (9.3 mph). The average annual rainfall in the district is 703.3 mm (27.69 in).

Annual relative humidity average is 73%.

Climate data for Bandırma
Months January February March April May June July August September October November December Year
Max. Temperature °C (°F) 9.1 10.4 13.6 17.6 22.6 27 29.5 29.5 25.6 20 15.5 10.8 19.3
Avg. Temperature °C (°F) 5.8 6.7 9.2 13 18 22.7 25.2 25.3 21.6 16.5 12 7.7 15.3
Min. Temperature °C (°F) 2.7 3.1 5 8.4 13.3 18.1 21 21.6 17.9 13.4 8.8 4.7 11.5
Precipitation / Rainfall mm (in) 81 77 73 53 44 39 22 19 44 69 72 102 695
Humidity(%) 79% 78% 73% 71% 68% 64% 62% 64% 67% 75% 77% 80% 72%
Rainy days (d) 9 8 8 6 5 5 3 3 5 6 7 10 6.25
Source: climate-data.org[9]
Lake Kuş, Bandırma

History[]

Pre Byzantine and Byzantine period[]

Bandırma, which has been named as Cyzicus, Panderma, Panormos in the past, is a very old settlement center. It is thought that Bandırma was founded between the 8th century and the 10th century BC from a sarcophagus found during excavations in Cyzicus, for which there is no exact information about its establishment.

The first archaeological research about the region was carried out by Kurt Bittel in 1952 and in the light of the archaeological data obtained as a result of excavations and geographical information provided by the ancient texts, from late Neolithic Age. Scientific studies were carried out in 1954 by Prof. Dr. Ekrem Akurgal. The excavation continued until 1960, and in 1988, Prof. Dr. It was restarted by Tomris Bakır. Common archaeological data in both excavations reveal the history of the region, determining that there are Neolithic settlements dating back to the middle of the 6th millennium BC and Chalcolithic settlements from the end of the 5th millennium BC. The ancient ruins of Daskyleion are also in the region. It is thought that the first settlement was inhabited between 7,000 BC and 5,000 BC. The settlement of Panormos, which means "safe harbor", was within the ancient region of Mysia. In 334 BC, Alexander the Great annexed the territory held by the Persians to his own state. After the death of Alexander, the region was conquered by the Romans. Bandırma, which remained in the Eastern Roman Empire after the division of the Roman Empire in 330, was captured by Kutalmış in 1076; however, the region passed back to the Eastern Roman Empire in 1106.

Ottoman period[]

It was attached to the Kapıdağı District of Erdek District in 1830 and became a separate district after the Tanzimat. Bandırma, which suffered a great fire in 1874, was populated further with the arrival of Crimean and Romanian immigrants after the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-78.

Republic period[]

Bandırma, which was destroyed when it was liberated from the occupation on September 17, 1922, is one of the most developed districts as of today. It has been an export port city since before the Republic, and with the construction of the port in the Republican period, increased urbanization, Bandırma-Istanbul railway line and increased linkages with Turkey's major transportation centers has aided the development of the district.

Economy[]

Bandırma, according to a ranking made in 2004 of all provincial centers and towns across Turkey, in one of Turkey's most advanced 23 districts. In addition, the district ranked 3rd among 87 districts in the list of provincial districts prepared according to various criteria. The district is the fastest growing district among the districts of Balıkesir province. Today, Bandırma has become the economic center of Balıkesir in the industrial branch.[7] According to 2008 data, 34 out of 100 companies paying the highest corporate tax in Balıkesir province and 4 out of the top 10 companies are in Bandırma district. The share of the district's corporate tax throughout the province is 20.6%. Again, according to 2008 data, 17 out of 100 people who pay the highest income tax in the province and 5 out of 10 people are in Bandırma district. With these numbers, the share of taxpayers from Bandırma throughout the province is 29%.

Town Hall and Harbor, 1920s

The district economy employs 10,000 people. 50% of this employment volume is employed in industry, 20% in agriculture and 30% in services. 30% of the population working in the industrial sector works in the agriculture-based industry, 10% in the chemical industry, 5% in the mining industry and 5% in the machinery industry.[10]

While 25% of Balıkesir province economy is produced in Altıeylül and Karesi, 14% is produced by Bandırma.

Foundations[]

In the district, Bandırma Chamber of Commerce was established by Yahya Sezai Uzay in 1926 and Bandırma Commodity Exchange in 1940. Bandirma Commodity Exchange is the twenty-third oldest stock exchange in Turkey. Bandırma Missile Club - Husat, founded in 1957 by the students of Şehit Mehmet Gönenç High School, is another important organization.[10]

Trade[]

Trade in Bandırma is usually done by sea. Bandırma Port, the second largest after Istanbul's on the Marmara Sea, is Turkey's fifth largest port. The depth of the port is 12 meters and 15 ships up to 20 thousand gross tonnage can load and unload at the same time. Bandırma's export products consist of mines, chicken meat, eggs and seafood. The trade volume made is about $800 million.[10]

Agriculture and livestock[]

The most intensive activity in rural areas in Bandırma is crop production. Corn, oats, sugar beets and broad beans are the most produced products. Wine grapes are produced in the vineyards. Parsley production is important in the district where vegetable growing is also developed.

Cattle and sheep are also raised in the district. In the Merino breeding farm established in the district, breeding rams and sheep are raised. Poultry farming, which is generally concentrated in big cities and its surroundings, is an important source of income in the district. In addition, fishing is carried out on the shores of the Marmara Sea and Lake Manyas.

Transportation[]

Bandırma Harbour and İDO

Bandırma is one of TCDD's main seaports, therefore the city sees much freight railroad traffic. Two passenger trains also operate from Bandırma to İzmir daily. These being the "6 Eylül Ekspresi", and the "17 Eylül Ekspresi". A new railway project will connect Bandırma with Bursa.[11] İDO also connects Bandırma with İstanbul, via ferry.[12] There is also a ferryboat from Tekirdağ to Bandırma.

Education[]

There is one public university in Bandırma: Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University.

In 2003 Bandırma Archaeology Museum was founded by, amongst others, Tomris Bakır.

Population[]

Year Total Centre Rural
1965[13] 55.967 33.116 22.851
1970[14] 62.853 39.525 23.328
1975[15] 69.680 45.752 23.928
1980[16] 80.951 53.497 27.454
1985[17] 93.358 70.137 23.221
1990[18] 102.300 77.444 24.856
2000[19] 120.753 97.419 23.334
2007[20] 128.603 110.248 18.355
2008[21] 130.474 111.494 18.980
2009[22] 132.077 113.385 18.692
2010[23] 135.094 116.319 18.775
2011[24] 138.206 119.750 18.456
2012[25] 139.874 122.010 17.864
2013[26] 143.117 143.117 N/A
2014[27] 145.089 145.089 N/A
2015[28] 146.688 146.688 N/A
2016[29] 149.469 149.469 N/A

According to the census made on the basis of states in 1893, the population of Bandırma District of Karesi Sanjak is 40,912. Of this population, 20.065 are women and 20.847 are men. Considering the ethnic composition of the population, there are 14.519 Muslim women, 15.473 Muslim men, 2762 Greek women, 2725 Greek men, 2282 Armenian women, 2175 Armenian men, 443 Catholic women, 406 Catholic men, 59 foreign women, 68 foreign men.[7]

According to the year 2000, the total population of Bandırma district is 120,753. Of this population, 59.882 are men and 60.871 are women. The urban population in the district is more than the rural population. 97,419 of the total population live in the city and 23,334 in the countryside. While 48,074 of the population living in the city is male and 49,345 female, this number is 11,808 males and 11,526 females in the villages. There are 204 people per km2 in the district.[30]

In the district, 34.490 people are primary school graduates, 3900 people are primary school graduates, 7358 people are secondary school graduates, 404 people are secondary school equivalent vocational high school graduates, 10.067 are high school graduates, 5655 are high school equivalent vocational high school graduates, 7089 are higher education graduates. In the district where 5172 people are illiterate, 1286 of them are men and 3886 of them are women. While the remaining 83,958 people can read and write, 14,930 people in the district have not graduated from any school.[30]

International relations[]

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey

Twin towns — sister cities[]

Bandırma is twinned with:

Notable people from Bandırma[]

  • - Turkish poet and universal scholar
  • Bekir Sami Günsav - Military officer in the Ottoman and Turkish armies
  • Ahmet Nuri Öztekin - Military officer in the Ottoman and Turkish armies
  • - Military officer in the Greek army
  • - Ottoman - Circassian partisan leader and fighter in the Turkish War of Independence
  • - Lieutenant General
  • - German TV presenter of Turkish origin
  • Hande Erçel - Actress and Model

References[]

  1. ^ "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. ^ "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. ^ "Bandırma Nüfusu".
  4. ^ "Bandırma". 10 April 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  5. ^ Bandırma. Görsel Büyük Genel Kültür Ansiklopedisi. 1999. p. 1264.
  6. ^ "Balıkesir Milli Park Kayıtları". 24 November 2009. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Yurt Ansiklopedisi. II. 1982. pp. 1105, 1117, 1127, 1128, 1140, 1220.
  8. ^ Türkiye'nin Kültür Değerleri I. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Tanıtma Genel Müdürlüğü. pp. 468–469.
  9. ^ "Climate data for Bandırma".
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Bandırma 10 Bin Kişiye İstihdam Sağlıyor". Ekonomist. 15 November 2009.
  11. ^ Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları Archived 2013-07-20 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Inter-City Lines Archived 2013-06-03 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "1965 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  14. ^ "1970 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  15. ^ "1975 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  16. ^ "1980 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  17. ^ "1985 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  18. ^ "1990 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  19. ^ "2000 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  20. ^ "2007 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  21. ^ "2008 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  22. ^ "2009 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  23. ^ "2010 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  24. ^ "2011 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  25. ^ "2012 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 20 February 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  26. ^ "2013 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 15 February 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  27. ^ "2014 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  28. ^ "2015 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  29. ^ "2016 genel nüfus sayımı verileri". Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Retrieved 7 March 2017.
  30. ^ Jump up to: a b Balıkesir (2001). 2000 Genel Nüfus Sayımı, Nüfusun Sosyal ve Ekonomik Nitelikleri. Ankara: TC Başbakanlık Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü: Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü Matbaası. pp. 62, 102.
  31. ^ Sister/Twin Cities of Balıkesir Province

External links[]

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