Leukosialin also known as sialophorin or CD43 (cluster of differentiation 43) is a transmembrane cell surface protein that in humans is encoded by the SPN (sialophorin) gene.[5][6][7]
Sialophorin (leukosialin) is a major sialoglycoprotein on the surface of human T lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and some B lymphocytes, which appears to be important for immune function and may be part of a physiologic ligand-receptor complex involved in T-cell activation.[5]
Clinical significance[]
Defects in the CD43 molecule are associated with the development of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome.[8] It also appears in about 25% of intestinal MALTomas.[citation needed] Using immunohistochemistry, CD43 can be demonstrated in the paracortical T-cells of healthy lymph nodes and tonsils; it is also positive in a range of lymphoid and myeloid tumours. Although it is present in over 90% of T-cell lymphomas, it is generally less effective at demonstrating this condition than is CD3 antigen. However, it may be useful as part of a panel to demonstrate B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, since the malignant cells in this condition are often CD43 positive, and may be difficult to stain with other antibodies. Because it stains granulocytes and their precursors, it is also an effective marker for myeloid tumours.[9]
^Remold-O'Donnell E, Rosen FS (1990). "Sialophorin (CD43) and the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome". Immunodefic Rev. 2 (2): 151–74. PMID2223062.
^Leong, Anthony S-Y; Cooper, Kumarason; Leong, F Joel W-M (2003). Manual of Diagnostic Cytology (2nd ed.). Greenwich Medical Media, Ltd. p. 113. ISBN978-1-84110-100-2.
^ Jump up to: abSerrador JM, Nieto M, Alonso-Lebrero JL, del Pozo MA, Calvo J, Furthmayr H, Schwartz-Albiez R, Lozano F, González-Amaro R, Sánchez-Mateos P, Sánchez-Madrid F (June 1998). "CD43 interacts with moesin and ezrin and regulates its redistribution to the uropods of T lymphocytes at the cell-cell contacts". Blood. 91 (12): 4632–44. doi:10.1182/blood.V91.12.4632. PMID9616160.
Fukuda M, Carlsson SR (1987). "Leukosialin, a major sialoglycoprotein on human leukocytes as differentiation antigens". Med. Biol. 64 (6): 335–43. PMID2950285.
Rogaev EI, Keryanov SA (1993). "Unusual variability of the complex dinucleotide repeat block at the SPN locus". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (8): 657. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.8.657. PMID1301183.
Rosenstein Y, Park JK, Hahn WC, et al. (1992). "CD43, a molecule defective in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, binds ICAM-1". Nature. 354 (6350): 233–5. Bibcode:1991Natur.354..233R. doi:10.1038/354233a0. PMID1683685. S2CID4256329.
Park JK, Rosenstein YJ, Remold-O'Donnell E, et al. (1991). "Enhancement of T-cell activation by the CD43 molecule whose expression is defective in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome". Nature. 350 (6320): 706–9. Bibcode:1991Natur.350..706P. doi:10.1038/350706a0. PMID2023632. S2CID4335838.
Srinivas RV, Su T, Trimble LA, et al. (1996). "Enhanced susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus infection in CD4+ T lymphocytes genetically deficient in CD43". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 11 (9): 1015–21. doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.1015. PMID8554898.
Serrador JM, Nieto M, Alonso-Lebrero JL, et al. (1998). "CD43 interacts with moesin and ezrin and regulates its redistribution to the uropods of T lymphocytes at the cell-cell contacts". Blood. 91 (12): 4632–44. doi:10.1182/blood.V91.12.4632. PMID9616160.
Pace KE, Lee C, Stewart PL, Baum LG (1999). "Restricted receptor segregation into membrane microdomains occurs on human T cells during apoptosis induced by galectin-1". J. Immunol. 163 (7): 3801–11. PMID10490978.
Seveau S, Keller H, Maxfield FR, et al. (2000). "Neutrophil polarity and locomotion are associated with surface redistribution of leukosialin (CD43), an antiadhesive membrane molecule". Blood. 95 (8): 2462–70. doi:10.1182/blood.V95.8.2462. PMID10753822.