Cumberland Highway

Cumberland Highway

New South Wales
Cumberland Highway; New South Wales
	Cumberland Highway as Pennant Hills Road at Thornleigh in 2016
	NE end SW end
Coordinates	33°43′12″S 151°06′22″E / 33.719918°S 151.106190°E (NE end); 33°54′53″S 150°55′14″E / 33.914697°S 150.920488°E (SW end);
General information
Type	Highway
Length	34 km (21 mi)
Route number(s)	A28 (2013-present); Entire length; Concurrency:; A40; (North Parramatta-Constitution Hill);
Former; route number	See Pennant Hills Road; (Wahroonga-North Parramatta); State Route 40 (2007-2013); Metroad 7 (1993-2005); State Route 77 (1988-1993); State Route 53 (1977-1988); (North Parramatta-Constitution Hill); Metroad 7 (1993-2005); State Route 77 (1988-1993); (Constitution Hill-Liverpool);
Major junctions
NE end	Pacific Highway; Wahroonga, Sydney
	Pacific Motorway; NorthConnex; M2 Hills Motorway; Marsden Road; James Ruse Drive; Windsor Road; Old Windsor Road; Great Western Highway; M4 Western Motorway;
SW end	Hume Highway; Liverpool, Sydney
Highway system
	Highways in Australia; National Highway • Freeways in Australia; Highways in New South Wales; ; ;

The Cumberland Highway is a 34-kilometre (21 mi) long urban highway located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.^[1]^[2] The highway links the Pacific Highway (A1/B83) and Pacific Motorway (M1) at Pearces Corner, Wahroonga in the northeast with the Hume Highway (A22/A28) at Liverpool in the southwest.^[4]

The entire length of Cumberland Highway is designated route A28.

The name of the highway is derived from the Cumberland Plain and Cumberland County. The name Cumberland was conferred on the County by Governor Arthur Phillip in honour of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland.^[5]

History[]

The Cumberland Highway and Pennant Hills Road overhead road sign north-eastbound at Carlingford.

The original western Sydney Bypass was Ring Road 5, which ran from the Pacific Highway and the Hume Highway with Parramatta in between. In 1974, Ring Road 5 was superseded by State Route 55. The growth of Sydney's west had instead turned it into a primary arterial with huge increase in freight traffic.

Construction[]

In December 1981, Old Windsor Road was realigned at its southern end. A section of new road was constructed between the old alignment of Old Windsor Road (now Harris Road) and the realigned Old Windsor Road, replacing another old alignment of Old Windsor Road (now Ferndale Close).^[6] This new road section would eventually form part of the Cumberland Highway a few years later.^[7]

In 1984, the state government announced a new Cumberland Highway that would supersede the Church Street/Woodville Road route as the major connection between the Pacific and Hume Highways. The existing roads of Hart Drive, Freame St, Emert St, Jersey Rd, Betts Rd, Warren Rd, Smithfield Rd, Palmerston Rd, Cambridge St, Joseph St and Orange Grove Rd were widened and connected to each other to form a continuous road. The first of these to be completed was between Harris Road and Freame Street railway underpass at Wentworthville.^[7]

In August 1988, the Cumberland Highway was finally completed, with the completion of the section between the Great Western Highway and Jersey Road. State Route 77 was proclaimed and allocated to the entire length of the highway.^[7]

Metroad 7[]

Metroad 7 replaced State Route 77 in June 1993 and the highway was designated by the Federal Government as an interim National Highway in 1994 until the completion of Westlink M7. When Metroad 7 was introduced, it went along Heathcote Road to the then Metroad 1 (now A1) at Heathcote. The southern section of Heathcote Road was replaced by the then Metroad 6 (now A6) in 1998, and Metroad 7 was therefore truncated to the end of Cumberland Highway at Liverpool.^[8]

Since 1994, various parts of the Cumberland Highway were upgraded which included the widening of Pennant Hills Road.^[7]

With the opening of the Westlink M7 motorway in December 2005, the Metroad 7 route south of M2 Hills Motorway was decommissioned and rerouted onto the Westlink M7, leaving only the section north of the M2 Hills Motorway to retain the Metroad 7 route marker. The Metroad 6 was extended northwards from Carlingford to join M2 Hills Motorway at the same time. This was the condition it had stayed until 2013.

With the introduction of alphanumeric routes in New South Wales, the entire Cumberland Highway was allocated the A28 route in May–June 2013 and Metroad 7 was completely decommissioned.^[4]

The NorthConnex, opened in October 2020, links the M2 Hills Motorway at West Pennant Hills with the Pacific Highway and Pacific Motorway at Wahroonga via a 9-kilometre (5.6 mi) motorway tunnel that aims to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow along the Pennant Hills Road section of the Cumberland Highway.^[9]

Route[]

Cumberland Highway overpasses Polding Street in Fairfield West.

Pennant Hills Road (from Wahroonga to North Parramatta)
James Ruse Drive (from North Parramatta to Northmead)
Briens Road
Old Windsor Road
Hart Drive
Freame Street
Emert Street
Jersey Road
Betts Road
Warren Road
Smithfield Road
Palmerston Road
New Cambridge Street
Cambridge Street
Joseph Street
Orange Grove Road

Exits and interchanges[]

LGA	Location	km	mi	Destinations	Notes
Hornsby	Wahroonga	0.0	0.0	Pacific Highway (A1 east) – Chatswood, Crows Nest, Lane Cove, Sydney CBD, Sydney Airport Pacific Highway (B83 north) – Hornsby, Asquith, Brooklyn Pennant Hills Road (A28 south) – Pennant Hills	Pearces Corner intersection: north-eastern terminus of Cumberland Highway and route A28; continues south along Pennant Hills Road
Hornsby	Wahroonga	0.25	0.16	Pacific Motorway (M1 north) – Gosford, Newcastle, Brisbane NorthConnex (south) – Carlingford, Prestons
The Hills	Pennant Hills	5.0	3.1	Beecroft Road – Beecroft, Epping	Southbound and northbound exits only
	Pennant Hills	5.3	3.3	Beecroft Road – Beecroft, Epping	Southbound and northbound entrances only
	West Pennant Hills	6.7	4.2	Castle Hill Road – Castle Hill, Windsor
		7.7	4.8	NorthConnex – Wahroonga, Gosford, Newcastle	NorthConnex tunnel, northbound entry and southbound exit only
		7.9	4.9	M2 Hills Motorway (M2 east) – Macquarie Park, Lane Cove, Sydney CBD, Sydney Airport M2 Hills Motorway (M2 west) – Baulkham Hills, Seven Hills, Eastern Creek via Westlink M7 and to Canberra, Melbourne
Parramatta	Carlingford	10.5	6.5	Marsden Road (A6) – Eastwood, Silverwater to Sydney Olympic Park
	North Parramatta	14.7	9.1	James Ruse Drive (A28 north/A40 north) – Wentworthville, Windsor, Liverpool, Canberra James Ruse Drive (A40 south) – Rosehill, to M4 Western Motorway (M4) Pennant Hills Road (A28 east) – Carlingford, Pennant Hills, Wahroonga Pennant Hills Road (west) – North Parramatta, Parramatta	Cumberland Highway (A28) continues north along James Ruse Drive, east along Pennant Hills Road Eastern terminus of concurrency with route A40
	Northmead	16.3	10.1	Windsor Road – Windsor, Parramatta	Cumberland Highway (A28/A40) continues west as Briens Road, east as James Ruse Drive
		17.5	10.9	Briens Road (west) – Westmead, to Westmead and Children's hospitals	Cumberland Highway (A28/A40) continues north as Old Windsor Road, east as Briens Road
		18.0	11.2	Hart Drive (A28 west) – Wentworthville Old Windsor Road (A40 north) – Windsor Old Windsor Road (A28 south/A40 south) – North Parramatta	Cumberland Highway (A28) continues west along Hart Drive, south along Old Windsor Road Western terminus of concurrency with route A40
	Wentworthville	19.5	12.1	Darcy Road to Westmead and Children's hospitals
		21.0	13.0	Great Western Highway (A44) – Parramatta, Eastern Creek	Cumberland Highway (A28) continues north as Emert Street, south as Jersey Road
		21.2	13.2	M4 Western Motorway (M4) – Parramatta, Eastern Creek, Penrith, Sydney CBD, Sydney Airport
Cumberland	Smithfield	26.2	16.3	The Horsley Drive – Fairfield, Wetherill Park, to Westlink M7
Fairfield	Smithfield	27.6	17.1	Polding Street – Fairfield, Prairiewood Smithfield Road (south-west) – Edensor Park	Cumberland Highway (A28) continues north-east as Smithfield Road, south as Palmerston Road
Fairfield	Cabramatta West	32.1	19.9	Cabramatta Road West – Cabramatta, Bonnyrigg, to Westlink M7
Liverpool	Liverpool	34.0	21.1	Hume Highway (A22) – Merrylands, Liverpool, Prestons, to Sydney CBD, Sydney Airport, Canberra, Melbourne via M5 South Western Motorway	South-western terminus of Cumberland Highway, route A28 continues south along Hume Highway
Incomplete access Route transition

References[]

^ ^a ^b "17 Pennant Hills Road, Wahroonga NSW 2076 to Cumberland Highway, Liverpool NSW 2170". Google Maps. Google Inc. 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
^ ^a ^b "Map of Cumberland Highway, NSW". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
^ "Former NSW State Route 53". Ozroads. Retrieved 8 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}
^ ^a ^b "Cumberland Highway". Ozroads. Retrieved 23 October 2016.^{[self-published source]}
^ "Cumberland". Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
^ "Old Windsor Road and Windsor Road:History and Development". Ozroads. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Cumberland Highway History". Ozroads. Retrieved 8 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}
^ "Metroad 7". Ozroads. Retrieved 9 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}
^ "NorthConnex". NorthConnex - About. Retrieved 28 April 2015.

External links[]

"M4 Smart Motorways: Proposed changes to Cumberland Highway interchange" (PDF) (Map). Roads & Maritime Services. Government of New South Wales.

[google_maps_length-1] "17 Pennant Hills Road, Wahroonga NSW 2076 to Cumberland Highway, Liverpool NSW 2170". Google Maps. Google Inc. 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2016.

[bonzle-2] "Map of Cumberland Highway, NSW". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 23 October 2016.

[3] "Former NSW State Route 53". Ozroads. Retrieved 8 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}

[ozroads-4] "Cumberland Highway". Ozroads. Retrieved 23 October 2016.^{[self-published source]}

[5] "Cumberland". Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 August 2013.

[6] "Old Windsor Road and Windsor Road:History and Development". Ozroads. Retrieved 4 September 2021.

[History-7] "Cumberland Highway History". Ozroads. Retrieved 8 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}

[Met7-8] "Metroad 7". Ozroads. Retrieved 9 June 2013.^{[self-published source]}

[9] "NorthConnex". NorthConnex - About. Retrieved 28 April 2015.

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