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Demographics of the State of Palestine

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"Demographics of Palestine" redirects here. For historical overview, see Demographic history of Palestine (region).
Palestine population pyramid in 2020

This article is about the demographic features of the population of the area which is commonly described as Palestinian territories and includes information on ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of that population.

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According to a commonly used definition as relating to an application of the 1949 Armistice Agreement green line, the Palestinian territories have contributory parts of the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip.

The Palestinian National Authority, the United Nations Security Council,[1] the United Nations General Assembly,[2] the European Union,[3] the International Court of Justice,[4] and the International Committee of the Red Cross[5] use the terminology "Palestinian territories" or "occupied Palestinian territories". Israel refers to the administrative division encompassing Israeli-controlled Jewish-majority civilian areas of Area C of the West Bank, excluding East Jerusalem, as Judea and Samaria Area (Hebrew: אֵזוֹר יְהוּדָה וְשׁוֹמְרוֹן‎, Ezor Yehuda VeShomron).[6]

Overview

Detailed demographic map of the Palestinian territories of West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as Israeli proper and the occupied Syrian Golan

The demographic statistics of the CIA World Factbook and the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics estimated that the collective Palestinian Arab population in the region of Palestine, including Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip, amounted to 5.79 million people in 2017.[7][8] Thereof, 2.16 million Arabs live in the West Bank, 1.84 million Arabs live in Israel, and 1.79 million Arabs live in the Gaza Strip.[7][8]

The demographic statistics of the CIA World Factbook and the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics estimated (2017) that the collective population in the Palestinian territories amounted to 4,543,126 people in 2017. Thereof, 2,155,743 Arabs live in the West Bank, 1,795,183 Arabs live in the Gaza Strip, and 391,000 Jews live in the West Bank.[8] Approximately 214,600 Jews live in East Jerusalem.[9] East Jerusalem, once administered by Jordan, came under Israeli occupation after the 1967 Six-Day War.[10] In the Palestinian territories, c. 86% of the population is Arab (predominantly Sunni), c. 13% is Jewish, other <1% (cf. Israel: Jewish 74%, Arab 21%, other 5%).[8]

According to the UN, the population in the State of Palestine was c. 4.9 million in 2017, resulting in an estimated population density of 817 capita per km2.[11] According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the number of Palestinians in the Palestinian Territory was 3,935,249 in 2009, resulting in a calculated population density of 654 capita per km2, of which 433 capita/km2 in the West Bank including Jerusalem and 4,073 capita/km2 in Gaza Strip.[12] In the mid-2009, the share of population less than 15 years was 41.9% and above 65 years 3%.[12]

Out of 224 listed countries and territories, the West Bank ranked 48th with a total fertility rate (TFR) of 3.2, and the Gaza Strip ranked 31st with a TFR of 3.97 according to the CIA World Factbook 2018.[13] In 2018, the West Bank had an estimated population growth rate of 1.81% (country comparison to the world: 56th) and the Gaza Strip had a population growth rate of 2.25% (35th).[14][15][16]

Population (mid-year, millions)[17][18][19]
Year West Bank Gaza Total
1970 0.69 0.34 1.03
1980 0.90 0.46 1.36
1990 1.25 0.65 1.90
2000 1.98 1.13 3.11
2010 2.52 1.60 4.12
2014 2.73 1.82 4.55
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
2006 2.5 1.5 4.0
2009 2.48 1.45 3.94
Source: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
Name Population
(2017)		 Area
(km2)		 Pop. density
(capita per km2)
West Bank [20] 2,747,943 5,860 469 [21]
Gaza Strip [14] 1,795,183 360 4,987 [22]
Total 4,543,126 6,220 730[23]
Palestinian territories[24]
YearPop.±% p.a.
1997 2,783,084—    
1998 2,871,568+3.18%
1999 2,962,226+3.16%
2000 3,053,335+3.08%
2001 3,138,471+2.79%
2002 3,225,214+2.76%
2003 3,314,509+2.77%
2004 3,407,417+2.80%
2005 3,508,126+2.96%
2006 3,611,198+2.94%
2007 3,719,189+2.99%
2008 3,825,512+2.86%
2009 3,935,249+2.87%
2010 4,048,403+2.88%
2011 4,168,860+2.98%
2012 4,293,313+2.99%
2013 4,420,549+2.96%
2014 4,550,368+2.94%
2015 4,682,467+2.90%
2016 4,816,503+2.86%
2017 4,952,168+2.82%
2021 5,227,193+1.36%
West Bank[24]
YearPop.±% p.a.
2012 2,649,020—    
2013 2,719,112+2.65%
2014 2,790,331+2.62%
2015 2,862,485+2.59%
2016 2,935,368+2.55%
2017 3,008,770+2.50%
2021 3,120,448+0.92%
Gaza Strip[24]
YearPop.±% p.a.
2012 1,644,293—    
2013 1,701,437+3.48%
2014 1,760,037+3.44%
2015 1,819,982+3.41%
2016 1,881,135+3.36%
2017 1,943,398+3.31%
2021 2,106,745+2.04%

Vital statistics

UN estimates[25]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR1 CDR1 NC1 TFR1 IMR1
1950–1955 44 000 19 000 25 000 46.7 20.0 26.7 7.38 158.2
1955–1960 49 000 19 000 30 000 46.7 18.5 28.2 7.38 147.0
1960–1965 59 000 19 000 40 000 52.5 16.8 35.7 8.00 129.9
1965–1970 60 000 16 000 43 000 52.5 14.0 38.5 8.00 109.1
1970–1975 60 000 14 000 46 000 46.6 11.2 35.4 7.69 89.8
1975–1980 67 000 13 000 54 000 47.8 8.9 38.9 7.50 70.6
1980–1985 73 000 11 000 62 000 44.6 6.8 37.8 7.05 53.0
1985–1990 83 000 11 000 72 000 45.1 5.5 39.6 6.43 40.0
1990–1995 107 000 11 000 96 000 45.6 4.8 40.8 6.59 32.9
1995–2000 118 000 12 000 106 000 42.0 4.1 37.9 5.77 27.6
2000–2005 122 000 13 000 109 000 39.1 3.8 35.3 5.05 24.6
2005–2010 128 000 14 000 115 000 35.9 3.6 32.3 4.65 22.2
2010–2015 144 000 16 000 128 000 4.28
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

Births and deaths [26]

Year Population (x1000) Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
2010 137 085 10 764 126 231 4.4
2011 131 430 11 333 120 097
2012 129 826 11 676 118 150
2013 126 912 11 013 115 899 4.1

Population pyramids[27]

Census (01/12/2007) (Data have not been adjusted for underenumeration. Excluding data from the parts of Jerusalem which were annexed by Israel in 1967.)
Estimates (01/07/2013)

Palestinian Central Bureau[28]

fertility rate (Gaza) birth rate (Gaza) death rate (Gaza) Natural change(Gaza)
1997 45.4 4.7 40.7
2000 44.5 4.3 40.2
2005 42.2 3.9 39.3
2009 36.9 4.1 32.8
2010 4.9 37.1 4.0 33.1
2011 37.2 3.9 34.3
2013 37.1 3.7 34.4
fertility rate (West Bank) birth rate (West Bank) death rate (West Bank) Natural change(West Bank)
1997 41.2 5.1 36.1
2000 38.8 4.6 34.2
2005 34.5 4.1 30.4
2009 30.1 4.4 25.7
2010 3.8 30.1 4.2 25.9
2011 30.1 4.1 26.0
2013 29.7 4.0 25.7

Life expectancy

Average life expectancy at age 0 of the total population.[29]

Period Life expectancy in
Years 		Period Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 46.6 1985–1990 67.1
1955–1960 48.2 1990–1995 68.9
1960–1965 50.8 1995–2000 70.3
1965–1970 54.1 2000–2005 71.2
1970–1975 57.5 2005–2010 72.0
1975–1980 61.0 2010–2015 72.9
1980–1985 64.4

Demographics of the West Bank

Population pyramid Gaza Strip 2016
Population pyramid West Bank 2016

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

Total 2,939,418 (July 2018 est.); 71.72% of the population is Arab (predominantly Sunni), 28.28% is Jewish[8] (cf. Israel: Jewish 74%, Arab 21%, other 5%; and Gaza: Arab 99%)[30]

  • Palestinian Arab 2,155,743 (July 2017 est.), 71.72%[8]
  • Israeli Jew 850,481 (2016, 2020 est.), 28.28%[8]
    • approximately 475,481 Israeli Jews thereof live in the West Bank (2020)[31]
    • approximately 375,000 Israeli Jews thereof live in East Jerusalem (2016)[32]

Age structure

0–14 years: 36.1% (male 518,376/female 491,676)

15–24 years: 21.8% (male 302,474/female 289,852)

25–54 years: 34.5% (male 489,559/female 475,402)

55–64 years: 4.7% (male 68,317/female 64,233)

65 years and over: 3.5% (male 44,662/female 53,943) (2018 est.)

Population growth rate

1.81% (2018 est.)

Birth rate

26 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Mortality rate

3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Net migration rate

-4.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0–14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

15–24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

25–54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

55–64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female

total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 13.6 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 15.3 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 75.4 years
male: 73.4 years
female: 77.6 years (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

3.2 children born/woman (2018 est.)

  • Jewish population: 5.07 children born/woman (West Bank alone)[33]

Nationality

noun: Arabs: Palestinian

Ethnic groups

Palestinian Arab: 83%
Israeli Jewish and other: 17%

Religions

Muslim 80–85% (predominantly Sunni)
Jewish 12–14%
Christian 1.0–2.5%, (mainly Greek Orthodox)[8]
Other religious minorities include Palestinian Metawalis, Palestinian Druze and Palestinian Baha'is.

Languages

Arabic, English (compulsory in schools, widely[quantify] spoken by Palestinians), and Hebrew (spoken by Israeli Jews in the West Bank, and spoken by many[quantify] Palestinians) are commonly known.

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 96.9%
male: 98.6%
female: 95.2% (2016 est.)

Demographics of the Gaza Strip

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

Current: 1,836,713 (July 2018 est.)[34]

In 2010 approximately 1.6 million Palestinians lived in the Gaza Strip,[35] almost 1.0 million of them UN-registered refugees.[36]

The Strip's population has continued to increase since that time, one of the main reasons being a total fertility rate of 4.24 children per woman (2014 est). In a ranking by total fertility rate, this places Gaza 34th of 224 regions.[37]

Age structure

0–14 years: 44.1% (male 415,746/female 394,195)
15–24 years: 21.3% (male 197,797/female 194,112)
25–54 years: 28.5% (male 256,103/female 267,285)
55–64 years: 3.5% (male 33,413/female 30,592)
65 years and over: 2.6% (male 24,863/female 22,607) (2018 est.)

Population growth rate

2.25% (2018 est.)

Birth rate

30.5 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Mortality rate

3 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Net migration rate

-5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0–14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15–24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
25–54 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
55–64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female
total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total population: 16/1,000 live births
male: 17.1/1,000 live births
female: 14.9/1,000 live births (2018 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 74.4 years
male: 72.7 years
female: 76.2 years (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

3.97 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Nationality

noun: Palestinians
adjective: Palestinian

Ethnic groups

Arab (Palestinian) 98.7%

Religions

Sunni Muslim 98–99%, Arab Christians 0.2% (2,000 to 3,000 est.), other, unaffiliated, unspecified <1.0% (2012 est.).[38][39]

Languages

Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by many Palestinians), English (widely understood)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 96.9%
male: 98.6%
female: 95.2% (2016 est.)

See also

References

  1. ^ Resolution 446, Resolution 465, Resolution 484, among others
  2. ^ "Applicability of the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including Jerusalem, and the other occupied Arab territories". United Nations. 17 December 2003. Archived from the original on 3 June 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2006.
  3. ^ "EU-Settlements Watch" (PDF). 1 February – 31 July 2002.
  4. ^ "Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory". International Court of Justice. 9 July 2004. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2006.
  5. ^ "Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention: statement by the International Committee of the Red Cross". International Committee of the Red Cross. 5 December 2001. Archived from the original on 7 February 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2006.
  6. ^ "Statistical Abstract of Israel 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b "Population of Israel on the Eve of 2018 - 8.8 Million". Press Release. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 31 December 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "CIA – The World Factbook: West Bank". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  9. ^ jerusalem.muni.il (PDF). 2017 http://en.jerusaleminstitute.org.il/.upload/jerusalem/Jeruslaem%20Facts%20and%20Trends%202018-%202.Population.pdf. Missing or empty |title= (help)[permanent dead link]
  10. ^ Ian S. Lustick, "Has Israel Annexed East Jerusalem?", Middle East Policy, Vol. V, No. 1, pp. 34-45, January 1997; accessed 25 November 2014.
  11. ^ "State of Palestine - General Information". data.un.org. United Nations. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Palestine in Figures 2009 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, May 2010
  13. ^ "COUNTRY COMPARISON :: TOTAL FERTILITY RATE". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b "Middle East :: WEST BANK". The World Fact Book. CIA. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  15. ^ "Middle East :: GAZA STRIP". The World Fact Book. CIA. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  16. ^ "COUNTRY COMPARISON :: POPULATION GROWTH RATE". The World Fact Book. CIA. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  17. ^ US Census Bureau International Programs Archived 2013-10-14 at the Wayback Machine International Data Base IDB West Bank and Gaza
  18. ^ Palestinians in figures 2009 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics May 2010
  19. ^ Palestinians at the End of Year 2006 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  20. ^ "Middle East :: GAZA STRIP". The World Fact Book. CIA. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  21. ^ cf. South Korea 507 capita per km2
  22. ^ cf. Hong Kong 6,544 capita per km2
  23. ^ cf. Guernsey 965 capita per km2 and Taiwan 650 cap. per km2
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b c Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  25. ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/vitstats/serATab3.pdf
  27. ^ "Demographic Yearbook". UN Data. United Nations. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  28. ^ [1]
  29. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  30. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook: Israel". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
  31. ^ "West Bank settler population surged during Trump era, report says". Times of Israel. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  32. ^ "Settlement population growth slows for 10th straight year". Retrieved 2019-12-04.
  33. ^ [2] Israeli CBS 2011 data
  34. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  35. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
  36. ^ "UNRWA: Palestine refugees". Un.org. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
  37. ^ "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2011-09-27.
  38. ^ Middle East Christians: Gaza pastor BBC News, 21 December 2005
  39. ^ "Middle East :: Gaza Strip — the World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency".

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