Demographics of Vietnam

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Demographics of Vietnam[1]
Vietnam population pyramid 01.04.2019.png
Vietnam population pyramid on census day 01/04/2019
Population97,141,003 (10 April 2020)
Growth rate1.14% (2020 est.)
Birth rate15.5 births/1000 population (2017 est.)
Death rate5.9 deaths/1000 population (2017 est.)
Life expectancy73.7 years (2017 est.)
 • male71.2 years (2017 est.)
 • female76.4 years (2017 est.)
Fertility rate1.81 births/woman (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate17.3 deaths/1000 live births (2017 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years23.55% (male 11,909,326/female 10,735,324) (2017 est.)
15–64 years70.33% (2017 est.)
65 and over6.12% (male 2,281,923/female 3,601,075) (2017 est.)
Sex ratio
At birth1.122 male(s)/female
Under 151.1 male(s)/female
15–64 years1 male (s)/female
65 and over0.62 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationalitynoun: Vietnamese (singular and plural) adjective: Vietnamese
Major ethnicKinh (85.32%)
Minor ethnicTay (1.92%), Thái (1.89%), Muong (1.51%), Hmong (1.45%), Khmer (1.37%), Nung (1.13%), Other (5.41%)
Language
OfficialVietnamese language
SpokenVietnamese and many minority and mountain area languages

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Vietnam, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Originating in northern Vietnam, the Vietnamese people pushed southward over two millennia to occupy the entire eastern seacoast of the Indochinese Peninsula. Ethnic Vietnamese, or Viet (known officially as Kinh), live in the lowlands and speak the Vietnamese language, as opposed to the many ethnic groups of Vietnam who are known to occupy the mountainous regions. The Kinh group does represent much of the cultural and political landscape of Vietnam.

Population[]

UN estimates[2][]

Total population (000's) Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 28 000 31.9 63.9 4.2
1955 31 329 35.6 60.1 4.3
1960 35 173 40.1 55.5 4.4
1965 39 885 44.1 51.3 4.6
1970 44 928 44.2 50.9 4.8
1975 49 896 42.9 52.3 4.8
1980 54 023 40.7 54.3 4.9
1985 60 307 39.4 55.7 4.9
1990 67 102 38.0 57.0 5.0
1995 74 008 36.5 58.4 5.1
2000 79 910 31.6 62.0 6.4
2005 83 833 27.1 66.4 6.5
2010 87 968 23.6 69.9 6.5
2015 92 677 23.0 70.3 6.7
2020 97 339 23.2 68.9 7.9

Population pyramids[3][]

Census (1 April 2019)
Estimates (1 July 2014)
Census (1 April 2009)

Vital statistics[]

UN estimates of births and deaths[2][]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR1 CDR1 NC1 TFR1 IMR1
1950-1955 1 335 000 722 000 613 000 44.8 24.2 20.6 6.20 157.9
1955-1960 1 533 000 764 000 769 000 46.1 23.0 23.1 6.76 143.7
1960-1965 1 732 000 790 000 942 000 46.2 21.0 25.2 7.33 130.3
1965-1970 1 798 000 790 000 1 009 000 42.4 18.6 23.8 7.38 117.8
1970-1975 1 853 000 859 000 994 000 39.1 18.1 21.0 7.15 118.4
1975-1980 1 797 000 760 000 1 036 000 34.6 14.6 20.0 5.89 97.6
1980-1985 1 952 000 630 000 1 322 000 34.1 11.0 23.1 4.93 70.0
1985-1990 2 000 000 574 000 1 425 000 31.4 9.0 22.4 3.96 54.8
1990-1995 1 929 000 484 000 1 444 000 27.3 6.9 20.4 3.23 37.9
1995-2000 1 448 000 441 000 1 007 000 19.0 5.8 13.2 2.18 29.2
2000-2005 1 392 000 425 000 967 000 16.9 5.5 11.4 1.92 23.1
2005-2010 1 472 000 448 000 1 024 000 17.3 5.6 11.7 1.93 20.4
2010-2015 17.4 5.8 11.6 1.96
2015-2020 16.2 5.8 10.4 1.95
2020-2025 15.2 6.0 9.2 1.93
2025-2030 13.4 6.3 7.1 1.92
2030-2035 12.1 6.7 5.4 1.92
2035-2040 11.7 7.3 4.4 1.91
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births
Historical populations
YearPop.±%
1950 28,264,000—    
1960 35,173,000+24.4%
1970 44,928,000+27.7%
1980 54,023,000+20.2%
1990 67,102,000+24.2%
2000 78,758,000+17.4%
2010 87,100,000+10.6%
2020 98,721,275+13.3%
Source:https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/vietnam/

Birth, death and fertility rates[]

The total fertility rate of Vietnam has been influenced by the government's family planning policy, the two-child policy.

Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Total fertility rate (children per woman)
2001 78,620,500 18.6 5.1 13.5 2.25
2002 79,537,700 19.0 5.8 13.2 2.28
2003 80,467,400 17.5 5.8 11.7 2.12
2004 81,436,400 19.2 5.4 13.8 2.23
2005 82,392,100 18.6 5.3 13.3 2.11
2006 83,311,200 17.4 5.3 12.1 2.09
2007 84,218,500 16.9 5.3 11.6 2.07
2008 85,118,700 16.7 5.3 11.4 2.08
2009 86,025,000 17.6 6.8 10.8 2.03
2010 86,932,500 1,486,000 590,900 895,000 17.1 6.8 10.3 2.00
2011 87,840,000 1,443,000 599,800 843,200 16.6 6.9 9.7 1.99
2012 88,772,900 1,484,500 621,400 863,100 16.9 7.0 9.9 2.05
2013 89,759,500 1,513,500 621,400 892,100 17.0 7.1 9.9 2.10
2014 90,728,900 1,525,900 619,300 906,600 17.2 6.9 10.3 2.09
2015 91,709,800 1,485,000 623,600 861,400 16.2 6.8 9.4 2.10
2016 92,695,100 1,483,100 630,300 852,700 16.0 6.8 9.2 2.09
2017 93,677,600 1,377,000 637,000 740,000 14.7 6.8 7.9 2.04
2018 94,670,000 1,382,100 643,700 738,000 14.6 6.8 7.8 2.05
2019 96,480,000 1,572,600 607,800 964,800 16.3 6.3 10.0 2.09
2020 97,582,700 1,589,000 594,000 994,500 16.3 6.1 10.2 2.12
  • preliminary

Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam.[4][5]

Fertility rate by region and province[]

hideProvince 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Vietnam 2,11 2,07 2,08 2,03 2,00 1,99 2,05 2,10 2,09 2,10 2,09 2,04 2,05 2,09
Red River Delta 2,06 2,11 2,13 2,11 2,04 2,06 2,11 2,11 2,30 2,23 2,23 2,16 2,29 2,35
Hà Nội 1,83 1,91 2,06 2,08 2,00 2,02 2,06 2,03 2,18 2,04 2,06 2,00 2,07 2,24
Hà Tây 2,29 2,23 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Vĩnh Phúc 2,15 2,00 2,10 2,13 2,06 2,02 2,07 2,11 2,44 2,25 2,48 2,34 2,48 2,39
Bắc Ninh 2,40 2,28 2,29 2,32 2,26 2,23 2,71 2,29 2,72 2,72 2,63 2,67 2,66 2,53
Quảng Ninh 2,24 2,12 2,12 2,20 1,99 2,07 2,27 2,18 2,49 2,20 2,02 2,25 2,22 2,24
Hải Dương 2,10 2,04 2,13 1,99 1,98 2,01 2,07 1,99 2,06 2,00 2,30 1,95 2,59 2,48
Hải Phòng 2,13 1,86 1,95 2,16 1,98 2,00 2,37 2,03 2,35 2,02 2,11 1,99 1,92 2,20
Hưng Yên 2,32 2,08 2,25 2,11 2,13 2,19 2,10 2,46 2,29 2,40 2,37 2,10 2,39 2,40
Thái Bình 2,19 2,21 2,14 2,08 2,10 2,15 1,78 2,07 1,87 2,39 2,25 2,21 2,51 2,43
Hà Nam 2,30 2,18 2,12 2,07 2,09 2,16 1,83 1,87 1,99 2,22 2,11 1,97 2,39 2,44
Nam Định 2,31 2,39 2,19 2,25 2,20 2,24 1,76 2,32 2,73 2,81 2,46 2,58 2,82 2,74
Ninh Bình 2,37 2,26 2,36 2,04 1,88 1,86 2,66 2,28 2,87 2,76 2,94 2,39 2,53 2,46
Northern midlands and mountain areas 2,33 2,23 2,30 2,24 2,22 2,21 2,31 2,18 2,56 2,69 2,63 2,53 2,48 2,43
Hà Giang 3,06 2,89 2,86 3,08 3,05 2,57 2,78 2,70 2,51 2,93 2,42 2,49 2,74 2,47
Cao Bằng 2,55 2,28 2,26 2,18 2,09 2,15 2,13 2,05 2,53 2,52 2,46 2,34 2,48 2,43
Bắc Kạn 2,29 2,12 2,07 1,84 1,85 1,91 2,30 2,11 2,07 2,42 2,40 2,37 2,23 2,14
Tuyên Quang 2,17 2,05 2,05 2,10 2,07 2,10 2,18 2,35 2,73 2,74 2,72 2,68 2,62 2,51
Lào Cai 2,97 2,59 2,69 2,70 2,73 2,57 2,43 2,52 2,36 2,26 2,73 2,24 2,43 2,44
Yên Bái 2,55 2,36 2,56 2,38 2,32 2,26 2,38 2,13 2,77 2,76 2,89 2,77 2,96 2,74
Thái Nguyên 1,99 1,99 1,95 1,89 1,90 1,96 2,13 2,06 2,45 2,52 2,45 2,09 2,05 2,14
Lạng Sơn 2,28 2,14 2,15 1,86 1,84 1,88 2,11 1,86 2,26 2,38 2,34 2,25 2,22 2,13
Bắc Giang 2,21 2,07 2,22 1,94 1,86 1,94 2,09 1,77 2,57 2,77 2,64 2,73 2,38 2,31
Phú Thọ 2,03 1,99 2,11 2,10 2,08 2,22 2,18 2,22 2,51 2,61 2,56 2,51 2,66 2,57
Điện Biên 3,17 2,72 2,72 2,55 2,57 2,67 2,76 2,48 3,11 2,81 2,43 2,84 2,78 2,72
Lai Châu 3,52 3,02 3,01 2,96 2,91 2,93 2,60 2,45 3,20 3,11 2,91 2,86 2,60 2,68
Sơn La 2,76 2,36 2,29 2,61 2,58 2,43 2,52 2,25 2,57 2,82 2,90 2,77 2,36 2,44
Hòa Bình 2,09 2,06 2,01 1,98 1,98 2,03 2,08 1,90 2,30 2,84 2,56 2,30 2,42 2,34
North Central and Central coastal areas 2,37 2,27 2,30 2,21 2,21 2,21 2,32 2,37 2,31 2,34 2,37 2,31 2,30 2,32
Thanh Hóa 2,39 2,12 2,17 1,89 1,89 2,01 2,22 2,11 2,43 2,75 2,70 2,45 2,69 2,54
Nghệ An 2,75 2,49 2,52 2,55 2,56 2,49 2,59 2,68 2,70 2,69 2,76 2,87 2,82 2,75
Hà Tĩnh 2,38 2,46 2,65 2,46 2,46 2,50 2,75 2,95 3,12 2,65 3,21 3,24 2,90 2,83
Quảng Bình 2,58 2,57 2,57 2,37 2,39 2,41 2,61 2,22 2,49 2,52 2,38 2,34 2,41 2,43
Quảng Trị 2,90 2,77 2,71 2,85 2,84 2,67 2,65 2,75 2,75 2,94 3,19 2,83 2,61 2,45
Thừa Thiên - Huế 2,98 2,79 2,54 2,26 2,28 2,22 2,38 2,21 2,33 2,26 2,20 2,33 2,03 2,34
Đà Nẵng 1,87 1,90 1,92 2,14 2,16 1,99 2,18 2,32 2,03 2,13 2,24 1,81 1,49 1,88
Quảng Nam 2,40 2,32 2,12 2,30 2,27 2,16 2,35 2,65 2,27 2,17 2,16 2,26 2,28 2,27
Quảng Ngãi 2,21 2,11 2,18 2,09 2,11 2,21 2,13 2,45 2,01 1,93 1,98 1,79 2,06 2,13
Bình Định 2,25 2,17 2,09 2,22 2,17 2,28 2,26 2,55 2,29 2,14 2,00 2,09 2,30 2,20
Phú Yên 2,25 2,18 2,32 1,96 1,98 2,11 2,07 2,04 2,15 2,05 2,26 2,04 2,16 2,11
Khánh Hòa 2,12 2,14 2,18 2,04 2,06 1,93 2,04 2,04 1,65 1,75 1,75 1,64 1,40 1,77
Ninh Thuận 2,53 2,28 2,24 2,40 2,42 2,38 2,25 2,37 2,18 2,23 2,28 2,34 2,05 2,09
Bình Thuận 2,38 2,40 2,38 2,07 2,09 2,14 2,39 2,15 1,57 2,04 1,81 1,75 1,82 1,91
Central Highlands 3,07 2,77 2,68 2,65 2,63 2,58 2,43 2,49 2,30 2,26 2,37 2,29 2,32 2,43
Kon Tum 3,94 3,49 3,58 3,45 3,46 3,25 3,16 2,70 3,04 2,49 2,34 2,48 2,12 2,74
Gia Lai 3,10 2,97 2,86 2,88 2,90 2,85 2,36 2,48 2,27 2,45 2,38 2,36 2,27 2,49
Đắk Lắk 2,98 2,84 2,57 2,45 2,47 2,42 2,31 2,70 2,25 2,22 2,43 2,19 2,41 2,37
Đắk Nông 3,38 3,05 2,87 2,72 2,68 2,57 2,65 2,31 2,46 2,36 2,28 2,21 3,05 2,68
Lâm Đồng 2,67 2,37 2,31 2,43 2,28 2,32 2,36 2,24 2,09 1,98 2,34 2,29 1,99 2,20
South East 1,85 1,74 1,73 1,69 1,68 1,59 1,57 1,83 1,56 1,63 1,46 1,55 1,50 1,56
Bình Phước 2,61 2,47 2,38 2,45 2,43 2,31 2,22 2,43 2,30 2,05 1,92 2,02 1,99 2,27
Tây Ninh 1,98 1,89 1,79 1,79 1,77 1,80 1,93 1,78 1,76 1,88 1,76 1,66 1,46 1,53
Bình Dương 1,66 1,74 1,85 1,70 1,72 1,76 1,70 1,78 1,44 1,59 1,61 1,90 1,53 1,54
Đồng Nai 1,92 1,91 1,83 2,07 2,09 1,99 1,80 2,09 1,75 2,02 1,67 1,61 1,80 1,90
Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu 2,06 2,09 2,13 2,01 1,88 1,82 1,70 1,92 1,97 1,56 1,52 1,37 1,51 1,87
TP. Hồ Chí Minh 1,52 1,49 1,63 1,45 1,45 1,30 1,33 1,68 1,39 1,45 1,24 1,36 1,33 1,39
Mekong River Delta 2,00 1,87 1,87 1,84 1,80 1,80 1,92 1,92 1,84 1,76 1,84 1,74 1,74 1,80
Long An 1,95 1,91 1,95 1,85 1,87 1,83 2,02 2,03 1,66 1,61 1,56 1,62 1,83 1,80
Tiền Giang 2,02 1,98 1,97 1,94 1,93 1,92 1,79 1,78 1,75 1,62 2,00 1,99 1,68 1,82
Bến Tre 1,76 1,70 1,71 1,81 1,79 1,71 2,20 1,98 1,89 1,97 1,90 1,88 1,88 1,86
Trà Vinh 2,03 1,89 1,79 1,86 1,80 1,80 2,06 1,89 1,94 2,04 2,36 2,25 1,94 1,96
Vĩnh Long 1,83 1,76 1,75 1,63 1,65 1,63 2,14 2,02 1,98 1,61 2,03 1,67 1,83 1,81
Đồng Tháp 1,98 1,77 1,74 1,87 1,89 1,83 1,57 1,89 1,84 1,61 1,59 1,34 1,43 1,78
An Giang 2,00 1,86 1,86 1,97 1,97 1,92 2,17 2,07 2,10 1,73 1,84 1,77 1,78 1,85
Kiên Giang 2,22 2,10 2,09 1,84 1,80 1,86 2,16 1,98 1,96 2,05 1,94 1,87 1,96 1,85
Cần Thơ 1,70 1,64 1,75 1,72 1,62 1,62 1,58 1,81 1,89 1,88 2,01 1,64 1,66 1,66
Hậu Giang 1,95 1,94 1,89 1,96 1,75 1,77 1,78 1,78 1,61 1,64 1,48 1,53 1,64 1,83
Sóc Trăng 2,02 1,90 2,06 1,79 1,81 1,83 1,85 2,08 1,65 1,72 1,83 1,69 1,75 1,79
Bạc Liêu 2,11 2,10 2,00 1,75 1,59 1,69 1,97 1,82 1,82 1,67 1,63 1,77 1,54 1,61
Cà Mau 2,10 2,00 2,01 1,75 1,64 1,73 1,62 1,70 1,65 1,80 1,85 1,65 1,75 1,80


Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam.[6]

Ethnic groups[]

See also: List of ethnic groups in Vietnam
Ethnolinguistic map of Indochina, 1970

The Vietnamese government recognizes 54 ethnic groups, of which the Viet (Kinh) is the largest; according to official Vietnamese figures (2019 census), ethnic Vietnamese account for 85.32% of the nation's population and the non-Vietnamese ethnic groups account for the remaining percent. The ethnic Vietnamese inhabit a little less than half of Vietnam, while the ethnic minorities inhabit the majority of Vietnam's land (albeit the least fertile parts of the country).

The Khmer Krom are found in the delta of the Mekong River, in the south of Vietnam, where they form in many areas the majority of the rural population. They live in an area which was previously part of Cambodia and which Vietnam conquered in the 17th and 18th centuries. Official Vietnamese figures put the Khmer Krom at 1 million people. Vietnam's approximately 1 million ethnic Chinese, constitute one of Vietnam's largest minority groups. Long important in the Vietnamese economy, Vietnamese of Chinese ancestry have been active in rice trading, milling, real estate, and banking in the south and shopkeeping, stevedoring, and mining in the north.

The relation between China and Vietnam also declined following reunification in 1975, with Vietnam siding with the Soviet Union against China in the Chinese-Soviet split. Tensions peaked when Vietnam and Cambodia started a war, Cambodia lead by Pol Pot being a Chinese ally, resulting in a Chinese invasion of Vietnam in 1979. In 1978-79, some 450,000 ethnic Chinese left Vietnam by boat as refugees (many officially encouraged and assisted) or were expelled across the land border with China. In recent years the government has performed an about turn and is encouraging overseas Hoa to return and invest, but the ethnic Chinese population has been in continuous decline since the 1970s due to assimilation and low birth rates.

The central highland peoples commonly termed Degar or Montagnards (mountain people) comprise two main ethnolinguistic groups--Malayo-Polynesian and Mon–Khmer. About 30 groups of various cultures and dialects are spread over the highland territory.

Other minority groups include the Cham—remnants of the once-mighty Champa Kingdom, conquered by the Vietnamese in the 15th century, Hmong, and Thái.

Population of Vietnam according to ethnic group 1989-2019
Ethnic
group 		Language
family 		census 1989[7] census 1999[8] census 2009[9] census 2019[10]
Number % Number % Number % Number %
Kinh Vietic 56,101,583 87.1 65,795,748 86.2 73,594,427 85.7 82,085,826 85.32
Tày Tai-Kadai 1,145,235 1.8 1,477,514 1.9 1,626,392 1.9 1,845,492 1.92
Thai Tai-Kadai 992,809 1.5 1,328,725 1.7 1,550,423 1.8 1,820,950 1.89
Mường Vietic 874,195 1.4 1,137,515 1.5 1,268,963 1.5 1,452,095 1.51
Mong Hmong-Dao 787,604 1.0 1,068,189 1.2 1,393,547 1.45
Khmer Mon-Khmer 872,382 1.4 1,055,174 1.4 1,260,640 1.5 1,319,652 1.37
Nùng Tai-Kadai 696,305 1.1 856,412 1.1 968,800 1.1 1,083,298 1.13
Dao Hmong-Dao 620,538 0.81 751,067 0.87 891,151 0.93
Hoa Chinese 961,702 1.5 862,371 1.1 823,071 1.0 749,466 0.78
Gia Rai Malayo-Polynesian 317,557 0.42 411,275 0.48 513,930 0.53
Ê Đê Malayo-Polynesian 270,348 0.35 331,194 0.39 398,671 0.41
Ba Na Mon-Khmer 174,456 0.23 227,716 0.27 286,910 0.30
Xơ Đăng Mon-Khmer 127,148 0.17 169,501 0.20 212,277 0.22
Sán Chay Tai-Kadai 147,315 0.19 169,410 0.20 201,398 0.21
Cờ Ho Mon-Khmer 128,723 0.17 166,112 0.19 200,800 0.21
Sán Dìu Chinese 126,237 0.17 146,821 0.17 183,004 0.19
Chăm Malayo-Polynesian 132,873 0.17 161,729 0.19 178,948 0.19
Hrê Mon-Khmer 113,111 0.15 63,012 0.07 149,460 0.16
Ra Glai Malayo-Polynesian 96,931 0.13 122,245 0.14 146,613 0.15
M'Nông Mon-Khmer 92,451 0.12 102,741 0.12 127,334 0.13
Xtiêng Mon-Khmer 66,788 0.09 85,436 0.10 100,752 0.10
Bru-Vân Kiều Mon-Khmer 55,559 0.07 74,506 0.09 94,598 0.10
Thổ Vietic 68,394 0.09 74,458 0.09 91,430 0.10
Khơ Mú Mon-Khmer 56,542 0.07 72,929 0.08 90,612 0.09
Cơ Tu Mon-Khmer 50,458 0.07 61,588 0.07 74,173 0.08
Giáy Tai-Kadai 49,098 0.06 58,617 0.07 67,858 0.07
Giẻ Triêng Mon-Khmer 30,243 0.04 50,962 0.06 63,322 0.07
Tà Ôi Mon-Khmer 34,960 0.05 43,886 0.05 52,356 0.05
Mạ Mon-Khmer 33,338 0.04 41,405 0.05 50,322 0.05
Co Mon-Khmer 27,766 0.04 33,817 0.04 40,442 0.04
Chơ Ro Mon-Khmer 22,567 0.03 26,855 0.03 29,520 0.03
Xinh Mun Mon-Khmer 18,018 0.02 23,278 0.03 29,503 0.03
Hà Nhì Tibeto-Burman 17,535 0.02 10,923 0.01 25,539 0.03
Chu Ru Malayo-Polynesian 14,978 0.02 19,314 0.02 23,242 0.02
Lao Tai-Kadai 11,611 0.02 14,928 0.02 17,532 0.02
Kháng Mon-Khmer 10,272 0.01 13,840 0.02 16,180 0.02
La Chí Tai-Kadai 10,765 0.01 13,158 0.02 15,126 0.02
Phù Lá Tibeto-Burman 9,046 0.01 5,535 0.01 12,471 0.01
La Hủ Tibeto-Burman 6,874 0.01 9,651 0.01 12,113 0.01
La Ha Tai-Kadai 5,686 0.01 8,177 0.01 10,157 0.01
Pà Thẻn Hmong-Dao 5,569 0.01 6,811 0.01 8,248 0.01
Chứt Vietic 3,829 0.01 6,022 0.01 7,513 0.01
Lự Tai-Kadai 4,964 0.01 5,601 0.01 6,757 0.01
Lô Lô Tibeto-Burman 3,307 0.00 2,218 0.00 4,827 0.01
Mảng Mon-Khmer 2,663 0.00 3,700 0.00 4,650 0.00
Cờ Lao Tai-Kadai 1,865 0.00 2,636 0.00 4,003 0.00
Bố Y Tai-Kadai 1,864 0.00 2,273 0.00 3,232 0.00
Cống Tibeto-Burman 1,676 0.00 2,029 0.00 2,729 0.00
Ngái Chinese 4,841 0.01 1,035 0.00 1,649 0.00
Si La Tibeto-Burman 840 0.00 709 0.00 909 0.00
Pu Péo Tai-Kadai 705 0.00 687 0.00 903 0.00
Rơ Măm Mon-Khmer 352 0.00 436 0.00 639 0.00
Brâu Mon-Khmer 313 0.00 397 0.00 525 0.00
Ơ Đu Mon-Khmer 301 0.00 376 0.00 428 0.00
Foreigners 39,532 0.05 2,134 0.00 3,553 0.00
Others 2,767,512 4.3 1,333 0.0 82,942 0.0 349 0.00
Total 64,411,713 76,323,173 85,846,997 96,208,984

Language[]

Vietnamese is the official language of the country. It belongs to the Austroasiatic language family, which also includes languages such as Khmer and Mon. Vietnamese was spoken by 85-90 million people in Vietnam at the 1999 census. In the early 21st century, around another four million Vietnamese speakers are found outside of Vietnam, mostly refugees from the Vietnam-American War. Thus Vietnamese is the most spoken language of the Austroasiatic family, being spoken by three times more people than the second most spoken language of the family, Khmer. Both languages, however, are extremely different: Vietnamese is a tonal, monosyllabic, phonetic language while Khmer has remained non-tonal. Vietnamese was heavily influenced by Chinese, with up to around 50-70% words having Chinese origins, whilst Khmer was heavily influenced by Sanskrit and Pali, uses a abugida writing system, and has a great part of its vocabulary originating from Indian languages. Since the early 20th century, the Vietnamese have used a Romanized script introduced by the French, developed by Jesuit missionaries led by Alexandre de Rhodes and later on, refined by Vietnamese scholars to produce what is now known the Vietnamese language and the Vietnamese alphabet.

Religions[]

Main article: Religion in Vietnam

Religion in Vietnam (2019)[10]

  Vietnamese folk religion or non religious (86.32%)
  Catholicism (6.1%)
  Buddhism (4.79%)
  Hoahaoism (1.02%)
  Protestantism (1%)
  Others (0.77%)

According to the 2019 Census, the religious demographics of Vietnam are as follows:[10]

  • 86.32% Vietnamese folk religion or non religious
  • 6.1% Catholicism
  • 4.79% Buddhism (mainly Mahayana)
  • 1.02% Hoahaoism
  • 1% Protestantism
  • <1% Caodaism
  • 0.77 Others

It is worth noting here that the data is highly skewered, as a large majority of Vietnamese may declare themselves atheist yet practice forms of traditional folk religion or Mahayana Buddhism.[11]


Estimates for the year 2010 published by the Pew Research Center:[12]

  • Vietnamese folk religion, 45.3%
  • Unaffiliated, 29.6%
  • Buddhism, 16.4%
  • Christianity, 8.2%
  • Other, 0.5%

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics[]

Population pyramid 2017

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Sex ratio[]

at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female

(2008 est.)

Source: Statistica etc.[13][14]

{ |69.8 |- |1955–1960 |57.3 |1990–1995 |71.2 |- |1960–1965 |60.5 |1995–2000 |72.7 |- |1965–1970 |62.3 |2000–2005 |73.8 |- |1970–1975 |57.8 |2005–2010 |74.7 |- |1975–1980 |66.1 |2010–2015 |75.6 |- |1980–1985 |68.1 | | |} Source: UN World Population Prospects[15]

Literacy[]

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 95.6% (2014 census); 95.8% (2019 census)
male: 96.9% (no records); 97% (2019 census)
female: 91.9% (2012); 94.6% (2019 census)

Source: The Worldbank Database etc.[16][17][18][19]

See also[]

Sources[]

References[]

  1. ^ [1], 28 December 2015.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "Demographic Yearbook". UN Data. United Nations. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  4. ^ Socio-economic situation in the fourth quarter and the whole year 2020
  5. ^ General Statistics Office of Vietnam: Population and employment
  6. ^ Total fertility rate by province
  7. ^ United Nations 1993 Demographic Yearbook
  8. ^ 1999 Population and Housing Census Vietnam
  9. ^ 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing Census
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Report on Results of the 2019 Census". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  11. ^ [2]
  12. ^ Pew Research Center: [3].
  13. ^ "Vietnam: sex ratio at birth 2020". Statista. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  14. ^ "Recent Change in the Sex Ratio at Birth in Viet Nam". www.unfpa.org. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  15. ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 2017-07-15.
  16. ^ "Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24) - Vietnam | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  17. ^ "Vietnam: total literacy rate of adults 2018". Statista. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  18. ^ "Top 4 Benefits of Starting a Business in Vietnam". NNRoad. 2020-04-07. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
  19. ^ "Vietnam 2019 Census". Tongdieutradansovn (in Vietnamese). 2019-07-11.
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