Hyaenodontidae
Hyaenodontidae early | |
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Hyaenodon horridus skeleton | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | †Hyaenodonta |
Superfamily: | † |
Family: | †Hyaenodontidae Leidy, 1869[1] |
Type genus | |
†Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838
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Genera | |
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Synonyms | |
list of synonyms:
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Hyaenodontidae ("hyena teeth") is a family of extinct predatory mammals from extinct superfamily within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene.[2][3][4]
Classification and phylogeny[]
Taxonomy[]
- Family: †Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869)
- Genus: † (Solé, 2014)
- †Boritia duffaudi (Solé, 2014)
- Genus: † (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Neosinopa gobiensis (Lavrov, 1999)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- †Praecodens acutus (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- Genus: † (Solé, 2015)
- †Preregidens langebadrae (Solé, 2015)
- Genus: † (Lemoine, 1891)
- ��Protoproviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880)
- (unranked): †Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium clade
- Genus: †Cynohyaenodon (paraphyletic genus) (Filhol, 1873)
- †Cynohyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1873)
- †Cynohyaenodon lautricensis (Lange-Badré, 1978)
- †Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri (Van Valen, 1965)
- †Cynohyaenodon smithae (Solé, 2021)
- †Cynohyaenodon trux (Van Valen, 1965)
- Genus: † (Martin, 1906)
- †Paracynohyaenodon magnus (Crochet, 1988)
- †Paracynohyaenodon schlosseri (Martin, 1906)
- Genus: † (Filhol, 1880)
- †Quercytherium simplicidens (Lange-Badré, 1975)
- †Quercytherium tenebrosum (Filhol, 1880)
- Genus: †Cynohyaenodon (paraphyletic genus) (Filhol, 1873)
- (unranked): †Eurotherium clade
- Genus: † (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- †Alienetherium buxwilleri (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- Genus: † (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
- †Cartierodon egerkingensis (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
- Genus: †Eurotherium (paraphyletic genus) (Polly & Lange-Badré, 1993)
- †Eurotherium mapplethorpei (Solé, 2021)
- †Eurotherium matthesi (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
- †Eurotherium theriodis (Van Valen, 1965)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badre, 1979)
- †Paenoxyaenoides liguritor (Lange-Badre, 1979)
- Genus: † (Matthes, 1950)
- †Prodissopsalis eocaenicus (Matthes, 1952)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- (unranked): †Leonhardtina clade
- Genus: † (Matthes, 1952)
- †Leonhardtina godinoti (Solé, 2014)
- †Leonhardtina gracilis (Matthes, 1952)
- †Leonhardtina meridianum (Solé, 2020)
- Genus: † (Matthes, 1952)
- (unranked): †Matthodon clade
- Genus: † (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
- †Matthodon menui (Rich, 1971)
- †Matthodon peignei (Solé, 2020)
- †Matthodon tritens (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
- (unranked): †Oxyaenoides clade
- Subfamily: † (Lavrov, 1999) (syn. Francotheriini (Lavrov, 1999))
- Genus: † (Matthes, 1967)
- †Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis (Solé, 2020)
- †Oxyaenoides bicuspidens (Matthes, 1967)
- †Oxyaenoides lindgreni (Rich, 1971)
- †Oxyaenoides schlosseri (Rütimeyer, 1891)
- Genus: † (Matthes, 1967)
- Subfamily: † (Lavrov, 1999) (syn. Francotheriini (Lavrov, 1999))
- Subfamily: † (Trouessart, 1885)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badre, 1979)
- †Consobrinus quercy (Lange-Badre, 1979)
- Genus: † (paraphyletic genus) (Martin, 1906)
- †Propterodon morrisi (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
- †Propterodon paganensis (de Bonis, 2018)
- †Propterodon tongi (Liu & Huang, 2002)
- †Propterodon witteri (Zack, 2019)
- Tribe: † (Lavrov, 1999)
- Genus: † (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Epipterodon hyaenoides (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
- Genus: † (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Immanopterodon acutidens (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Immanopterodon implacidus (Lavrov, 1999)
- Genus: † (Lavrov, 1999)
- Tribe: †Hyaenodontini (Leidy, 1869)
- Genus: †Hyaenodon (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
- †Hyaenodon brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
- †Hyaenodon chunkhtensis (Dashzeveg, 1985)
- †Hyaenodon dubius (Filhol, 1873)
- †Hyaenodon eminus (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
- †Hyaenodon exiguus (Gervais, 1873)
- †Hyaenodon filholi (Schlosser, 1887)
- †Hyaenodon gervaisi (Martin, 1906)
- †Hyaenodon heberti (Filhol, 1876)
- †Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
- †Hyaenodon minor (Lange-Badré, 1979)
- †Hyaenodon pervagus (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
- †Hyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Hyaenodon requieni (Gervais, 1846)
- †Hyaenodon rossignoli (Lange-Badré, 1979)
- †Hyaenodon weilini (Wang, 2005)
- †Hyaenodon yuanchuensis (Young, 1937)
- Subgenus: †Neohyaenodon (paraphyletic subgenus) (Thorpe, 1922)
- †Hyaenodon gigas (Dashzeveg, 1985)
- †Hyaenodon horridus (Leidy, 1853)
- †Hyaenodon incertus (Dashzeveg, 1985)
- †Hyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Hyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977)
- †Hyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999)
- †Hyaenodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964)
- †Hyaenodon montanus (Douglass, 1902)
- †Hyaenodon vetus (Stock, 1933)
- Subgenus: †Protohyaenodon (paraphyletic subgenus) (Stock, 1933)
- †Hyaenodon brevirostrus (Macdonald, 1970)
- †Hyaenodon crucians (Leidy, 1853)
- †Hyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977)
- †Hyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894)
- †Hyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986)
- †Hyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977)
- Genus: †Hyaenodon (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
- Genus: † (Lange-Badre, 1979)
- Genus: † (Solé, 2014)
Phylogeny[]
The phylogenetic relationships of family Hyaenodontidae are shown in the following cladograms:[5][6][7][8]
†Hyaenodonta |
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†Lahimia clade †Arfia clade †Galecyon clade †Indohyaenodon clade †Tritemnodon clade | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
†Hyaenodontidae |
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†Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium clade †Leonhardtina clade †Eurotherium clade †Matthodon clade †Oxyaenoides clade † (†Neohyaenodon) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hyaenodontidae. |
Wikispecies has information related to Hyaenodontidae. |
- ^ Leidy J. (1869.) "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
- ^ The Paleobiology Database Hyaenodontidae page
- ^ Lambert, David and the Diagram Group (1985): The Field Guide to Prehistoric Life. Facts on File Publications, New York. ISBN 0-8160-1125-7
- ^ Solé, F.; Falconnet, J.; Yves, L. (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.
- ^ Borths, Matthew R; Stevens, Nancy J (2017). "Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776.
- ^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. S2CID 145972918.
- ^ Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). "The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian". Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185–214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.
- ^ Solé, F.; Morlo, M.; Schaal, T.; Lehmann, T. (2021). "New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene". Geobios. 66–67: 119–141. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004. S2CID 234848856.
- Hyaenodonts
- Eocene mammals
- Eocene extinctions
- Eocene mammals of North America
- Prehistoric carnivorans of North America
- Extinct mammals of North America
- Prehistoric mammal families