January 31

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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  2021 (Sunday)
  2020 (Friday)
  2019 (Thursday)
  2018 (Wednesday)
  2017 (Tuesday)
  2016 (Sunday)
  2015 (Saturday)
  2014 (Friday)
  2013 (Thursday)
  2012 (Tuesday)

January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 334 days remain until the end of the year (335 in leap years).

Events[]

Pre-1600[]

  • 0314Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades.[1]
  • 1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the throne as King Eric X of Sweden.[2]
  • 1504 – The Treaty of Lyon ends the Italian War, confirming French domination of northern Italy, while Spain receives the Kingdom of Naples.
  • 1578Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War: The Battle of Gembloux is a victory for Spanish forces led by Don John of Austria over a rebel army of Dutch, Flemish, English, Scottish, German, French and Walloons.[3]

1601–1900[]

  • 1606Gunpowder Plot: Four of the conspirators, including Guy Fawkes, are executed for treason by hanging, drawing and quartering, for plotting against Parliament and King James.[4]
  • 1747 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital.
  • 1814Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (present-day Argentina).
  • 1846 – After the Milwaukee Bridge War, the United States towns of Juneautown and Kilbourntown unify to create the City of Milwaukee.[5]
  • 1848John C. Frémont is court-martialed for mutiny and disobeying orders.
  • 1862Alvan Graham Clark discovers the white dwarf star Sirius B, a companion of Sirius, through an 18.5-inch (47 cm) telescope now located at Northwestern University.[6]
  • 1865American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolishing slavery, and submits it to the states for ratification.[7]
  • 1865 – American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief of all Confederate armies.[8]
  • 1891History of Portugal: The first attempt at a Portuguese republican revolution breaks out in the northern city of Porto.
  • 1900 – Datu Muhammad Salleh is killed in Kampung Teboh, Tambunan, ending the Mat Salleh Rebellion.

1901–present[]

  • 1915World War I: Germany is the first to make large-scale use of poison gas in warfare in the Battle of Bolimów against Russia.[9]
  • 1917 – World War I: Kaiser Wilhelm II orders the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare.
  • 1918 – A series of accidental collisions on a misty Scottish night leads to the loss of two Royal Navy submarines with over a hundred lives, and damage to another five British warships.
  • 1919 – The Battle of George Square takes place in Glasgow, Scotland, during a campaign for shorter working hours.
  • 1928Leon Trotsky is exiled to Alma-Ata.
  • 1942World War II: Allied forces are defeated by the Japanese at the Battle of Malaya and retreat to Singapore.
  • 1943 – World War II: German Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus surrenders to the Soviets at Stalingrad, followed two days later by the remainder of his Sixth Army, ending one of the war's fiercest battles.
  • 1944 – World War II: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.
  • 1944 – World War II: During the Anzio campaign, the 1st Ranger Battalion (Darby's Rangers) is destroyed behind enemy lines in a heavily outnumbered encounter at Battle of Cisterna, Italy.
  • 1945 – US Army private Eddie Slovik is executed for desertion, the first such execution of an American soldier since the Civil War.
  • 1945 – World War II: About 3,000 inmates from the Stutthof concentration camp are forcibly marched into the Baltic Sea at Palmnicken (now Yantarny, Russia) and executed.
  • 1945 – World War II: The end of fighting in the Battle of Hill 170 during the Burma Campaign, in which the British 3 Commando Brigade repulsed a Japanese counterattack on their positions and precipitated a general retirement from the Arakan Peninsula.
  • 1946Cold War: Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling that of the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).
  • 1946 – The Democratic Republic of Vietnam introduces the đồng to replace the French Indochinese piastre at par.
  • 1949These Are My Children, the first television daytime soap opera, is broadcast by the NBC station in Chicago.
  • 1950 – President Truman orders the development of thermonuclear weapons.
  • 1951United Nations Security Council Resolution 90 relating to the Korean War is adopted.
  • 1953 – A North Sea flood causes over 1,800 deaths in the Netherlands and over 300 in the United Kingdom.
  • 1957 – Eight people (five total crew from two aircraft and three on the ground) in Pacoima, California are killed following the mid-air collision between a Douglas DC-7 airliner and a Northrop F-89 Scorpion fighter jet.
  • 1958 – Cold War: Space Race: The first successful American satellite detects the Van Allen radiation belt.
  • 1961Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2: The chimpanzee Ham travels into outer space.
  • 1966 – The Soviet Union launches the unmanned Luna 9 spacecraft as part of the Luna program.
  • 1968Vietnam War: Viet Cong guerrillas attack the United States embassy in Saigon, and other attacks, in the early morning hours, later grouped together as the Tet Offensive.
  • 1968 – Nauru gains independence from Australia.
  • 1971Apollo program: Apollo 14: Astronauts Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa, and Edgar Mitchell, aboard a Saturn V, lift off for a mission to the Fra Mauro Highlands on the Moon.
  • 1971 – The Winter Soldier Investigation, organized by the Vietnam Veterans Against the War to publicize war crimes and atrocities by Americans and allies in Vietnam, begins in Detroit.
  • 1972 – launch: A ESA spacecraft whose primary goals were to study interplanetary space and the high-latitude magnetosphere. The mission lasted 2 years, 6 months, and 6 days.[10]
  • 1978 – The Crown of St. Stephen (also known as the Holy Crown of Hungary) goes on public display after being returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held after World War II.[11]
  • 1988Doug Williams becomes the first African-American quarterback to play in a Super Bowl and leads the Washington Redskins to victory in Super Bowl XXII.[12]
  • 1996 – An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka in Colombo, killing at least 86 people and injuring 1,400.
  • 2000Alaska Airlines Flight 261 crash: An MD-83, experiencing horizontal stabilizer problems, crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Point Mugu, California, killing all 88 aboard.
  • 2001 – In the Netherlands, a Scottish court convicts Libyan Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and acquits another Libyan citizen for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.
  • 2001 – Two Japan Airlines planes nearly collide over Suruga Bay in Japan.[13]
  • 2009 – In Kenya, at least 113 people are killed and over 200 injured following an oil spillage ignition in Molo, days after a massive fire at a Nakumatt supermarket in Nairobi killed at least 25 people.
  • 2018 – Both a blue moon and a total lunar eclipse occur.
  • 2019Abdullah of Pahang is sworn in as the 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.[14]
  • 2020 – The United Kingdom's membership within the European Union ceases in accordance with Article 50, after 47 years of being a member state.[15]

Births[]

Pre-1600[]

  • 1512Henry, King of Portugal (d. 1580)[16]
  • 1543Tokugawa Ieyasu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1616)[17]
  • 1583Peter Bulkley, English and later American Puritan (d. 1659)[18]
  • 1597John Francis Regis, French priest and saint (d. 1640)

1601–1900[]

  • 1607James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby (d. 1651)
  • 1624Arnold Geulincx, Flemish philosopher and academic (d. 1669)
  • 1673Louis de Montfort, French priest and saint (d. 1716)
  • 1686Hans Egede, Norwegian missionary and explorer (d. 1758)
  • 1752Gouverneur Morris, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to France (d. 1816)
  • 1759François Devienne, French flute player and composer (d. 1803)
  • 1769André-Jacques Garnerin, French balloonist and the inventor of the frameless parachute (d. 1823)
  • 1785Magdalena Dobromila Rettigová, Czech cook book author (d. 1845)
  • 1797Franz Schubert, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1828)
  • 1799Rodolphe Töpffer, Swiss teacher, author, painter, cartoonist, and caricaturist (d. 1846)
  • 1820William B. Washburn, American politician, 28th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1887)
  • 1835Lunalilo of Hawaii (d. 1874)
  • 1854David Emmanuel, Romanian mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
  • 1865Henri Desgrange, French cyclist and journalist (d. 1940)
  • 1865 – Shastriji Maharaj, Indian spiritual leader, founded BAPS (d. 1951)
  • 1868Theodore William Richards, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
  • 1872Zane Grey, American author (d. 1939)
  • 1881Irving Langmuir, American chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
  • 1884Theodor Heuss, German journalist and politician, 1st President of the Federal Republic of Germany (d. 1963)
  • 1884 – Mammad Amin Rasulzade, Azerbaijani scholar and politician, 1st President of The Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan (d. 1955)
  • 1889Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)
  • 1892Eddie Cantor, American singer-songwriter, actor, and dancer (d. 1964)
  • 1894Isham Jones, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1956)
  • 1896Sofya Yanovskaya, Russian mathematician and historian (d. 1966)
  • 1900Betty Parsons, American artist, art dealer and collector (d. 1982) [19]

1901–present[]

  • 1902Nat Bailey, Canadian businessman, founded White Spot (d. 1978)
  • 1902 – Tallulah Bankhead, American actress (d. 1968)
  • 1902 – Alva Myrdal, Swedish sociologist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
  • 1902 – Julian Steward, American anthropologist (d. 1972)
  • 1905John O'Hara, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1970)
  • 1909Miron Grindea, Romanian-English journalist (d. 1995)
  • 1913Don Hutson, American football player and coach (d. 1997)
  • 1914Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer and police officer (d. 1994)
  • 1915Bobby Hackett, American trumpet player and cornet player (d. 1976)
  • 1915 – Alan Lomax, American historian, author, and scholar (d. 2002)
  • 1915 – Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
  • 1915 – Garry Moore, American comedian and game show host (d. 1993)
  • 1916Frank Parker, American tennis player (d. 1997)
  • 1917Fred Bassetti, American architect and academic, founded Bassetti Architects (d. 2013)
  • 1919Jackie Robinson, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1972)
  • 1920Stewart Udall, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 37th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2010)
  • 1920 – Bert Williams, English footballer (d. 2004)
  • 1921John Agar, American actor (d. 2002)
  • 1921 – Carol Channing, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2019)
  • 1921 – E. Fay Jones, American architect, designed the Thorncrown Chapel (d. 2004)
  • 1921 – Mario Lanza, American tenor and actor (d. 1959)
  • 1922Joanne Dru, American actress (d. 1996)
  • 1923Norman Mailer, American journalist and author (d. 2007)
  • 1925Benjamin Hooks, American minister, lawyer, and activist (d. 2010)
  • 1926Tom Alston, American baseball player (d. 1993)
  • 1926 – Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (d. 1958)
  • 1927Norm Prescott, American animator, producer, and composer, co-founded Filmation Studios (d. 2005)
  • 1928Irma Wyman, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 2015)
  • 1929Rudolf Mössbauer, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
  • 1929 – Jean Simmons, English-American actress (d. 2010)
  • 1930Joakim Bonnier, Swedish race car driver (d. 1972)
  • 1930 – Al De Lory, American composer, conductor, and producer (d. 2012)
  • 1931Ernie Banks, American baseball player and coach (d. 2015)
  • 1931 – Christopher Chataway, English runner, journalist, and politician (d. 2014)
  • 1932Miron Babiak, Polish sea captain (d. 2013)
  • 1933Camille Henry, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1997)
  • 1933 – Morton Mower, American cardiologist and inventor
  • 1934Ernesto Brambilla, Italian motorcycle racer and race car driver (d. 2020)
  • 1934 – Gene DeWeese, American author (d. 2012)
  • 1934 – James Franciscus, American actor and producer (d. 1991)
  • 1934 – Bob Turner, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2005)
  • 1935Kenzaburō Ōe, Japanese author and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1936Can Bartu, Turkish former basketball and football player (d. 2019)
  • 1937Regimantas Adomaitis, Lithuanian actor
  • 1937 – Andrée Boucher, Canadian educator and politician, 39th Mayor of Quebec City (d. 2007)
  • 1937 – Philip Glass, American composer
  • 1937 – Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (d. 2008)
  • 1938Beatrix of the Netherlands
  • 1938 – Lynn Carlin, American actress
  • 1938 – James G. Watt, American lawyer and politician, 43rd United States Secretary of the Interior
  • 1940Kitch Christie, South African rugby player and coach (d. 1998)
  • 1940 – Stuart Margolin, American actor and director
  • 1941Dick Gephardt, American lawyer and politician
  • 1941 – Gerald McDermott, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
  • 1941 – Jessica Walter, American actress (d. 2021)
  • 1942Daniela Bianchi, Italian actress
  • 1942 – Derek Jarman, English director, stage designer, and author (d. 1994)
  • 1943Peter McRobbie, Scottish-born American character actor
  • 1944John Inverarity, Australian cricketer and coach
  • 1945Rynn Berry, American historian and author (d. 2014)
  • 1945 – Brenda Hale, Baroness Hale of Richmond, English lawyer, judge, and academic
  • 1945 – Joseph Kosuth, American sculptor and theorist
  • 1946Terry Kath, American guitarist and singer-songwriter (d. 1978)
  • 1946 – Medin Zhega, Albanian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
  • 1947Nolan Ryan, American baseball player
  • 1947 – Matt Minglewood, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1947 – Glynn Turman, American actor
  • 1948Volkmar Groß, German footballer (d. 2014)
  • 1948 – Muneo Suzuki, Japanese politician
  • 1949Johan Derksen, Dutch footballer and journalist
  • 1949 – Norris Church Mailer, American model and educator (d. 2010)
  • 1949 – Ken Wilber, American sociologist, philosopher, and author
  • 1950Denise Fleming, American author and illustrator
  • 1950 – Alexander Korzhakov, Russian general and bodyguard
  • 1950 – Janice Rebibo, American-Israeli author and poet (d. 2015)
  • 1951Harry Wayne Casey, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
  • 1954Faoud Bacchus, Guyanese cricketer
  • 1954 – Adrian Vandenberg, Dutch guitarist and songwriter
  • 1955Virginia Ruzici, Romanian tennis player and manager
  • 1956Guido van Rossum, Dutch programmer, creator of the Python programming language
  • 1956 – John Lydon, English singer-songwriter
  • 1957Shirley Babashoff, American swimmer
  • 1958Armin Reichel, German footballer and manager
  • 1959Anthony LaPaglia, Australian actor and producer
  • 1959 – Kelly Lynch, American model and actress
  • 1960Akbar Ganji, Iranian journalist and author
  • 1960 – Grant Morrison, Scottish author and screenwriter[20]
  • 1960 – Željko Šturanović, Montenegrin politician, 31st Prime Minister of Montenegro (d. 2014)
  • 1961Elizabeth Barker, Baroness Barker, English politician
  • 1961 – Fatou Bensouda, Gambian lawyer and judge
  • 1961 – Lloyd Cole, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1963Craig Coleman, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1963 – Gwen Graham, American lawyer and politician
  • 1964Martha MacCallum, American journalist
  • 1964 – Dawn Prince-Hughes, American scientist[21]
  • 1965Giorgos Gasparis, Greek basketball player and coach
  • 1965 – Ofra Harnoy, Israeli-Canadian cellist[22]
  • 1965 – Peter Sagal, American author and radio host
  • 1966Umar Alisha, Indian journalist and philanthropist
  • 1966 – Thant Myint-U, Myanmar historian, diplomat, conservationist, and former presidential advisor.
  • 1966 – Dexter Fletcher, English actor and director
  • 1967Fat Mike, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
  • 1968John Collins, Scottish footballer and manager[23]
  • 1968 – Matt King, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1968 – Ulrica Messing, Swedish politician, 2nd Swedish Minister for Infrastructure
  • 1968 – Patrick Stevens, Belgian sprinter
  • 1969Dov Charney, Canadian-American fashion designer and businessman, founded American Apparel
  • 1969 – Daniel Moder, American cinematographer
  • 1970Minnie Driver, English singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1970 – Danny Michel, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1971Patricia Velásquez, Venezuelan model and actress
  • 1973Portia de Rossi, Australian-American actress
  • 1974Othella Harrington, American basketball player and coach
  • 1974 – Ariel Pestano, Cuban baseball player
  • 1975Fred Coleman, American football player and coach
  • 1975 – Preity Zinta, Indian actress, producer, and television host
  • 1976Traianos Dellas, Greek footballer and manager
  • 1976 – Buddy Rice, American race car driver
  • 1976 – Paul Scheer, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1977Suchitra Singh, Indian cricketer
  • 1977 – Kerry Washington, American actress
  • 1978Fabián Caballero, Argentinian footballer and manager
  • 1979Daniel Tammet, English author and educator
  • 1980James Adomian, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
  • 1980 – Gary Doherty, Irish footballer[24]
  • 1980 – Shim Yi-young, South Korean actress
  • 1981Julio Arca, Argentinian footballer
  • 1981 – Mark Cameron, Australian cricketer
  • 1981 – Gemma Collins, English media personality and businesswoman[25]
  • 1981 – Justin Timberlake, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor
  • 1982Maret Ani, Estonian tennis player
  • 1982 – Yuniesky Betancourt, Cuban baseball player
  • 1982 – Andreas Görlitz, German footballer
  • 1982 – Salvatore Masiello, Italian footballer
  • 1982 – Allan McGregor, Scottish footballer
  • 1982 – Jānis Sprukts, Latvian ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Yukimi Nagano, Swedish singer-songwriter
  • 1982 – Brad Thompson, American baseball player
  • 1983James Sutton, English actor
  • 1983 – Fabio Quagliarella, Italian footballer
  • 1984Vernon Davis, American football player
  • 1984 – Josh Johnson, Canadian-American baseball player
  • 1984 – Jeremy Wariner, American runner
  • 1984 – Alessandro Zanni, Italian rugby player
  • 1985Adam Federici, Australian footballer
  • 1985 – Mario Williams, American football player
  • 1986Walter Dix, American sprinter[26]
  • 1986 – Megan Ellison, American film producer, founded Annapurna Pictures
  • 1986 – George Elokobi, Cameroonian footballer
  • 1986 – Yves Ma-Kalambay, Belgian footballer
  • 1986 – Pauline Parmentier, French tennis player
  • 1987Marcus Mumford, American-English singer-songwriter
  • 1988Brett Pitman, English footballer
  • 1988 – Taijo Teniste, Estonian footballer
  • 1990Jacopo Fortunato, Italian footballer
  • 1990 – Jacob Markström, Swedish ice hockey player
  • 1990 – Kota Yabu, Japanese idol, singer-songwriter, model, actor
  • 1990 – Cro, German rapper[27]
  • 1994Kenneth Zohore, Danish footballer[28]
  • 1996Nikita Dragun, American Youtuber[29]

Deaths[]

Pre-1600[]

  • 0632Máedóc of Ferns, Irish bishop and saint (b. 550)
  • 0876Hemma of Altdorf, Frankish queen[30]
  • 0985Ryōgen, Japanese monk and abbot (b. 912)
  • 1030William V, duke of Aquitaine (b. 969)
  • 1216Theodore II, patriarch of Constantinople
  • 1398Sukō, emperor of Japan (b. 1334)
  • 1418Mircea I, prince of Wallachia (b. 1355)
  • 1435Xuande, emperor of China (b. 1398)
  • 1561Bairam Khan, Mughalan general (b. 1501)
  • 1561 – Menno Simons, Dutch minister and theologian (b. 1496)
  • 1580Henry, king of Portugal (b. 1512)

1601–1900[]

  • 1606Guy Fawkes, English conspirator, leader of the Gunpowder Plot (b. 1570)
  • 1606 – Ambrose Rookwood, English Gunpowder Plot conspirator (b. 1578)
  • 1606 – Thomas Wintour, English Gunpowder Plot conspirator (b. 1571)
  • 1615Claudio Acquaviva, Italian priest, 5th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1543)
  • 1632Jost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (b. 1552)
  • 1665Johannes Clauberg, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1622)
  • 1686Jean Mairet, French playwright (b. 1604)
  • 1720Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford, English politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1654)
  • 1729Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (b. 1659)
  • 1736Filippo Juvarra, Italian architect and set designer, designed the Basilica of Superga (b. 1678)
  • 1790Thomas Lewis, Irish-born American lawyer and surveyor (b. 1718)
  • 1794Mariot Arbuthnot, English admiral and politician, 12th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (b. 1711)
  • 1811Manuel Alberti, Argentinian priest and journalist (b. 1763)
  • 1815José Félix Ribas, Venezuelan soldier (b. 1775)
  • 1828Alexander Ypsilantis, Greek general (b. 1792)
  • 1836John Cheyne, English physician and author (b. 1777)
  • 1844Henri Gatien Bertrand, French general (b. 1773)
  • 185611th Dalai Lama (b. 1838)
  • 1870Cilibi Moise, Moldavian-Romanian journalist and author (b. 1812)
  • 1888John Bosco, Italian priest and educator, founded the Salesian Society (b. 1815)
  • 1892Charles Spurgeon, English pastor and author (b. 1834)
  • 1900John Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, Scottish nobleman (b. 1844)

1901–present[]

  • 1907Timothy Eaton, Canadian businessman, founded Eaton's (b. 1834)
  • 1923Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish painter and critic (b. 1869)
  • 1933John Galsworthy, English novelist and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
  • 1942Henry Larkin, American baseball player and manager (b. 1860)
  • 1944Jean Giraudoux, French author and playwright (b. 1882)
  • 1954Edwin Howard Armstrong, American engineer, invented FM radio (b. 1890)
  • 1954 – Vivian Woodward, English captain and footballer (b. 1879)
  • 1955John Mott, American activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
  • 1956A. A. Milne, English author, poet, and playwright, created Winnie-the-Pooh (b. 1882)
  • 1958Karl Selter, Estonian politician, 14th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1898)
  • 1960Auguste Herbin, French painter (b. 1882)
  • 1961Krishna Singh, Indian politician, 1st Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1887)
  • 1966Arthur Percival, English general (b. 1887)
  • 1967Eddie Tolan, American sprinter and educator (b. 1908)
  • 1969Meher Baba, Indian spiritual master (b. 1894)
  • 1971Viktor Zhirmunsky, Russian historian and linguist (b. 1891)
  • 1973Ragnar Frisch, Norwegian economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
  • 1974Samuel Goldwyn, Polish-American film producer, co-founded Goldwyn Pictures (b. 1882)
  • 1976Ernesto Miranda, American criminal (b. 1941)
  • 1976 – Evert Taube, Swedish author and composer (b. 1890)
  • 1985Reginald Baker, English-Australian film producer (b. 1896)
  • 1985 – Tatsuzō Ishikawa, Japanese author (b. 1905)
  • 1987Yves Allégret, French director and screenwriter (b. 1907)
  • 1989William Stephenson, Canadian captain and spy (b. 1896)
  • 1990Eveline Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, German zoologist and academic (b. 1901)
  • 1990 – Rashad Khalifa, Egyptian-American biochemist and academic (b. 1935)
  • 1995George Abbott, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1887)
  • 1997John Joseph Scanlan, Irish-American bishop (b. 1930)
  • 1999Giant Baba, Japanese wrestler and trainer, co-founded All Japan Pro Wrestling (b. 1938)
  • 1999 – Norm Zauchin, American baseball player (b. 1929)
  • 2000Gil Kane, Latvian-American author and illustrator (b. 1926)
  • 2001Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian-American author (b. 1923)
  • 2002Gabby Gabreski, American colonel and pilot (b. 1919)
  • 2004Eleanor Holm, American swimmer and actress (b. 1913)
  • 2004 – Suraiya, Indian actress and playback singer (b. 1929)
  • 2006Moira Shearer, Scottish actress and ballerina (b. 1926)
  • 2007Molly Ivins, American journalist and author (b. 1944)
  • 2007 – Adelaide Tambo, South African activist and politician (b. 1929)
  • 2008František Čapek, Czechoslovakian canoeist (b. 1914)[31]
  • 2011Bartolomeu Anania, Romanian bishop and poet (b. 1921)
  • 2011 – Mark Ryan, English guitarist and playwright (b. 1959)
  • 2012Mani Ram Bagri, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1920)
  • 2012 – Anthony Bevilacqua, American cardinal (b. 1923)
  • 2012 – Tristram Potter Coffin, American author, scholar, and academic (b. 1922)
  • 2012 – Dorothea Tanning, American painter and sculptor (b. 1910)
  • 2013Rubén Bonifaz Nuño, Mexican poet and scholar (b. 1923)
  • 2013 – Hassan Habibi, Iranian lawyer and politician, 1st Vice President of Iran (b. 1937)
  • 2014Francis M. Fesmire, American cardiologist and physician (b. 1959)
  • 2014 – Anna Gordy Gaye, American songwriter and producer, co-founded Anna Records (b. 1922)
  • 2014 – Abdirizak Haji Hussein, Somalian politician, 4th Prime Minister of Somalia (b. 1924)
  • 2014 – Miklós Jancsó, Hungarian director and screenwriter (b. 1921)
  • 2014 – Joseph Willcox Jenkins, American composer, conductor, and educator (b. 1928)
  • 2014 – Christopher Jones, American actor (b. 1941)
  • 2015Vic Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
  • 2015 – Udo Lattek, German footballer, coach, and journalist (b. 1935)
  • 2015 – Lizabeth Scott, American actress (b. 1922)
  • 2015 – Richard von Weizsäcker, German captain and politician, 6th President of Germany (b. 1920)
  • 2016Terry Wogan, Irish-British radio and television host (b. 1938)
  • 2017Rob Stewart, Canadian filmmaker (b. 1979)
  • 2018Rasual Butler, American professional basketball player (b. 1979)[32]
  • 2018 – Leah LaBelle, American singer (b. 1986)[32]

Holidays and observances[]

References[]

  1. ^ The Mode of Christian Baptism: A Sermon, Preached in the City of Louisville ... June 20th, 1858. Printed at the office of the Daily Courier. 1858. p. 49.
  2. ^ Medium Aevum. Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature. 1932. p. 200.
  3. ^ Doran, Susan (1 November 2002). Monarchy and Matrimony: The Courtships of Elizabeth I. Routledge. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-134-81189-2.
  4. ^ Fraser, Antonia (2005) [1996], The Gunpowder Plot, Phoenix, pp. 279–283, ISBN 0-7538-1401-3
  5. ^ Milwaukee (Wis.) (1852). Charter and Ordinances of the City of Milwaukee, and Amendatory Acts, Together with a List of Officers and Rules and Regulations of the Common Council. Daily Sentinel Book and Job Office Print. p. 42.
  6. ^ Schilling, Govert (2011). Atlas of Astronomical Discoveries. New York: Springer. p. 71. ISBN 9781441978103.
  7. ^ Kagan, Neil; Hyslop, Stephen G., eds. (2013). Smithsonian Civil War: Inside the National Collection. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books. p. 292. ISBN 9781588343895.
  8. ^ Eicher, David J. (2001). The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 786. ISBN 9780684849454.
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