Seljuk vizier
Shams al-Din Altınapa or Atabey Altun Aba (Turkish : Şemseddin Altun Aba ) was a Seljuk vizier . He at first was a military commander under Kilij Arslan II and Süleyman Shah II . After Süleyman II died, he served his son, Giyaseddin Keyhüsrev I , and then later his son, Alaeddin Keykubad I . Kaykubad I later made him the atabey of his son, Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev II , who was the last sultan he served before getting killed.[1] [2]
Biography [ ]
Life [ ]
He also served as the food taster of the Sultan. The historian, Ibn-Bibi , also says that he fighting in the Battle of Kahta and then he stopped what he was doing and went to Damascus and signed a wedding agreement between the Ayyubids and the Seljuks for the wedding of Ghaziya Hatun (also known as Melike Hatun), the daughter of Ebubekir el-Adil, the Ayyubid ruler at that time, with Kaykubad I. He then took her to Malatya where Melike Hatun's wedding with Alaeddin Keykubad I took place in 1227.[2] [1]
He was also one of the people who, like Emir Sa'd al-Din Köpek , helped Keyhusrev II to become the Sultan after Kaykubad I died in 1237 CE.[2] [1]
Like many Seljuk administrators, he also built a carvanserai named Altınapa Han, however, it is now underwater due to rise in sea levels.[2] [1]
Death [ ]
Altun Aba was killed by Sultan Giyaseddin's men because of Emir Sa'd al-Din Köpek when he was around 60-70 years-old.[2] [1] Sara Nur Yildiz, a historian, on this issue also writes:
While at court in Antalya, the atabeg Altun-aba noticed the disturbing influence Köpek had on the young Sultan; he was likewise alarmed by Kaykhusraw II's binge drinking. He pointed this out to (Kemaleddin) Kamyar and Husam al-Din Qaymari, the beglerbegi, or commander-in-chief, based in Konya, warning them that if they did not take measures against Köpek, he would in turn destroy them. Kamyar, however, not only refused to engage in conspiracies, but he even informed Köpek that he faced opposition from Altun-aba. Köpek responded by making up falsehoods about the atabeg, and convinced the Sultan to have the atabeg killed. Thus, while court was still being held at Antalya, Altun-aba was dragged by his white beard from the meeting being held at the imperial dīwān and murdered in the countryside by one of the Sultan's imperial guards.[2] [1] [3]
In popular culture [ ]
In the Turkish TV series , Diriliş: Ertuğrul , he is portrayed as a antagonist by the Turkish actor , Hasan Küçükçetin.[4]
See also [ ]
References [ ]
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Important centers and extension
Konya
Kayseri
Sivas (1175)
Malatya (1178)
Alanya
Antalya
Dynasty Chronology Palaces and castles Külliye ("complexes") and dar al-shifa (hospitals) and medrese (schools) and mosques:Caravanserais
Ağzıkara Han caravanserai near Aksaray (1237)
caravanserai near Denizli (1254)
caravanserai in (~1280)
caravanserai near Manavgat
caravanserai near Aksaray (1190)
Altınapa Han caravanserai between Beyşehir and Konya (1201)
caravanserai between Konya and Akşehir (1201)
caravanserai in Divriği (13th century)
caravanserai near Samsun (~1250)
Çardak Han (Hanabad ) caravanserai in Çardak (1230)
Çay Han caravanserai in Çay (1279)
caravanserai in Konya (1210)
caravanserai in Eğirdir (1238)
caravanserai near Eğirdir (1224)
caravanserai near Afşin –Elbistan (~1225)
caravanserai near Antalya (1224)
caravanserai near Amasya (1246)
caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray
caravanserai between Amasya and Tokat
Hekim Han caravanserai in Hekimhan (1220)
caravanserai near Konya (1249)
caravanserai near Bucak (1239)
Kadın Han caravanserai in Kadınhanı (1223)
caravanserai near (1241)
caravanserai near Antalya (1246)
caravanserai near Kırşehir (1268)
caravanserai near Antalya (1246)
caravanserai near Konya (1206)
caravanserai near Konya (1210)
caravanserai near Anamur (13th century)
caravanserai near Divriği (13th century)
caravanserai near Konya (1230)
caravanserai near Aksaray (~1275)
caravanserai near Tokat (1239)
caravanserai near Konya (1236)
caravanserai near Alanya (1246)
caravanserai near Ürgüp (1249)
caravanserai between Malatya and Pötürge (13th century)
caravanserai between Konya and Aksaray (1229)
caravanserai near Bünyan between Kayseri and Sivas (1236)
caravanserai near Bucak (1246)
Tzachas (1081 - 1092)
Founder
Tzachas
Capital
İzmir
Chronology Important centers and extension:
Chronology
1207
Submitted to the Ayyoubids
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1100–1112)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(1128–1185)
(1185–1193)
(1193–1197)
(1185–1207)
Important works:
Artuqids (1102 - )
Ancestors
Eksük and his son Artuk , from Döğer Oghuz Türkmen clan
Founder
Capitals
Three branches in Hasankeyf , Mardin and Harput
Important centers and extension:
Diyarbakır
Hasankeyf
Silvan
Mardin
Midyat
Harput
Palu
Aleppo (temporarily in 1117 )
Hasankeyf Dynasty or Sökmenli Dynasty: Mardin Dynasty or Ilgazi Dynasty:
(1106–1122)
(1122–1154)
(1154–1176)
Harput Dynasty:
(1112–1124)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
Important works:
Artuqid Palace in Diyarbakır
Widescale extension of
Malabadi Bridge
Sökmenli Nasirüddevle Bîmaristan-ı Farukî Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) in Silvan (1108)
Emineddin (brother of Ilgazi ) Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) in Mardin (built between 1122)
(Cami-i Kebir )
in Mardin
near Keban between Elazığ and Çemişgezek
Danishmends (1071–1178)
Chronology
1175
Capital city of Sivas incorporated into the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum
1178
Malatya branch incorporated into the Seljuk Sultanate
Important centers and extension:
Sivas
Niksar
Malatya
Kayseri
Tokat
Amasya
Kastamonu
Ankara
Dynasty: Important works:
Mengujekids (1071–1277)
Founder
Capitals
Erzincan , later also Divriği
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1071–1118)
(1118–1120)
1120–1142
Temporarily incorporated into the Beylik of Danishmends
Erzincan and Kemah Branch Divriği Branch
Mengücekli Süleyman Shah (1142- ?)
1277
Beylik destroyed by Abaka
Important works:
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1072–1102)
(1102 - ~1124)
(~1124–1132)
(1132–1168)
(1168–1191)
Mama Hatun (1191–1200)
(1200–1202)
Important works:
in Erzurum
in Tercan
in Tercan
in Erzurum
Erzurum Medical Center (Darüşşifa ) (1147)
Aydinids (1307–1425)
Founder
Capitals
Birgi , later Ayasluğ
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1307–1334)
Umur Beg (1334–1348)
(? - ?)
(- 1390)
Events
1390
First period of incorporation (by marriage) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik reconstituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1403)
(1403–1405)
İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1425 with intervals )
1425
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
Isabey Mosque in Selçuk (1375)
Chronology
1392
Incorporation (by conquest) of Kastamonu branch into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1309 - ~1340)
(1340–1345)
(1340–1361)
(1361–1385)
(1384–1392)
Sinop Dynasty or Isfendiyarid Dynasty :
Isfendiyar Bey (1385–1440)
(1440–1443)
(1443–1461)
Chronology
1461
Incorporation (by surrender) of Sinop branch into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
Dulkadirids (1348- ~1525)
Ancestor
Founder
Capital
Elbistan
Chronology
1443–1525
Increasingly tributary and gradually incorporated into the Ottoman Empire
Important centers and extension:
Maraş
Malatya
Harput
Kayseri
Antep
Dynasty:
(1348–1348)
(1348–1386)
(1386–1396)
(1396–1443)
(1443–1454)
(?-?)
Shah Budak (?-1492)
(?-?)
(1492–1507)
(1507- ~1525)
Founder
, brother-in-law of the Ilkhanid governor for Anatolia, Timurtash
Capital
Sivas , later Kayseri
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1328–1352)
(1352–1365)
(1365–1380)
(1380–1381)
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1288–1302)
(1302–1320)
(1320–1326)
Important works:
Important centers and extension: Dynasty: Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1429)
1414
Recognition of Ottoman sovereignty by under Mehmed I
1429
Second and last incorporation (by legation) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Chronology
1374
Incorporation (by sale of territories) into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I and also partially to the Karamanid dynasty.
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(~1280–1324)
(1324–1330)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(? - 1391)
Ancestor
Nure Sûfi from Afshar Oghuz clan
Founder
Kerimeddin Karaman Bey
Capitals
successively Ereğli
Ermenek
Larende (Karaman )
Konya
Mut
Chronology
1398–1402
First incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I
1402–1414
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane
1414–1487
Gradual second incorporation into the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed I , Murad II and Mehmed II .
Dynasty:
Chronology
1374
Incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Beylik under Orhan and Murad I
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1307–1328)
(1328–1345)
(1328–1345)
Süleyman Bey (1345–1360)
Ladik (~1300–1368)
Ancestor
Founder
Capital
Denizli
Chronology
1368
Re-incorporation (by conquest) into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(~1300 - ~1314)
(~1314 - ?)
(? - ~1360)
Süleyman Bey (1345–1368)
Founder
Capitals
Beçin castle and nearby Milas , later also Balat
Important centers and extension Dynasty:
(~1261 - ~1282)
Mesut (~1282 - ~1320)
(~1320 - ~1340)
(~1340 - ~1360)
Chronology
1360
Division between the three sons of Ibrahim Bey: Musa, Mehmed, Ahmed
1390
First incorporation into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1414
Beylik reconstituted by Tamerlane to
1414
Recognition of Ottoman suzereignty under Mehmed I
1424
Final incorporation into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
Chronology Important centers and extension: Dynasty: Important works
Ramadanids (1352–1516)
Founder
from Yüreğir Oghuz clan
Capitals
Adana
Chronology
1516
Icorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Selim I
1516–1608
Dynasty members as Beys of Ottoman sanjak of Adana until 1608.
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1344-?)
(?-1416)
(1416–1417)
(1417–1427)
(1427-?)
(? - ?)
(? - ?)
(?-1490)
(1490–1511)
(1511–1516)
(?-?)
(1517-?)
Chronology
1341
Incorporation into the Beylik of Germiyan
Important centers and extension: Dynasty
(1275–1288) and sons
(1288–1341)
Important works:
Important centers and extension: Dynasty Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by submission) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1410
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1403)
(1403–1410)
1410
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Mehmed I
Important centers and extension: Dynasty:
(1301-?)
(?-1327)
(? - ?)
(?-?)
(~1360 - ~1375)
(~1375–1390)
Chronology
1390
First period of incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman Empire under Bayezid I the Thunderbolt
1402–1423
Second period of Beylik restituted by Tamerlane to (1402–1423)
1423
Second and last incorporation (by conquest) into the Ottoman realm under Murad II
Important works:
Yivli Minare Mosque in Antalya (~1375)
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