1786

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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  • 18th century
  • 19th century
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  • 1783
  • 1784
  • 1785
  • 1786
  • 1787
  • 1788
  • 1789
1786 by topic
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1786 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1786
MDCCLXXXVI
Ab urbe condita2539
Armenian calendar1235
ԹՎ ՌՄԼԵ
Assyrian calendar6536
Balinese saka calendar1707–1708
Bengali calendar1193
Berber calendar2736
British Regnal year26 Geo. 3 – 27 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar2330
Burmese calendar1148
Byzantine calendar7294–7295
Chinese calendar乙巳年 (Wood Snake)
4482 or 4422
    — to —
丙午年 (Fire Horse)
4483 or 4423
Coptic calendar1502–1503
Discordian calendar2952
Ethiopian calendar1778–1779
Hebrew calendar5546–5547
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1842–1843
 - Shaka Samvat1707–1708
 - Kali Yuga4886–4887
Holocene calendar11786
Igbo calendar786–787
Iranian calendar1164–1165
Islamic calendar1200–1201
Japanese calendarTenmei 6
(天明６年)
Javanese calendar1712–1713
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4119
Minguo calendar126 before ROC
民前126年
Nanakshahi calendar318
Thai solar calendar2328–2329
Tibetan calendar阴木蛇年
(female Wood-Snake)
1912 or 1531 or 759
    — to —
阳火马年
(male Fire-Horse)
1913 or 1532 or 760
August 8: Mont Blanc climbed for the first time.

1786 (MDCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1786th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 786th year of the 2nd millennium, the 86th year of the 18th century, and the 7th year of the 1780s decade. As of the start of 1786, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events[]

January–March[]

  • January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States of America and the Choctaw.
  • January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman Halsewell is wrecked on the south coast of England in a storm, with only 74 of more than 240 on board surviving.[1]
  • February 2 – In a speech before The Asiatic Society in Calcutta, Sir William Jones notes the formal resemblances between Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, laying the foundation for comparative linguistics and Indo-European studies.
  • March 1 – The Ohio Company of Associates is organized by five businessman at a meeting at the Bunch-of-Grapes Tavern in Boston, to purchase land from the United States government to form settlements in what is now the U.S. state of Ohio.[2][3]
  • March 13 – Construction begins in Dublin on the Four Courts Building, with the first stone laid down by the United Kingdom's Viceroy for Ireland, the Duke of Rutland.[4]

April–June[]

  • April 2 – The Creek Nation declares war on the U.S. State of Georgia over the matter of white settlers on land not ceded by the Creek nation. A truce is negotiated on April 17 between Creek Chief Alexander McGillivray (Hoboi-Hili-Miko) and U.S. Army General Lachlan McIntosh but is soon repudiated.[5]
  • April 11 – Columbia College (now Columbia University) holds its first graduation, with eight students, including DeWitt Clinton.[6]
  • April 25 – The United States and the Kingdom of Portugal sign their first commercial treaty, but it is never ratified.[7]
  • April 27 – British astronomer William Herschel publishes his first list of his discoveries, Catalogue of One Thousand New Nebulae and Clusters of Stars; two additional books are published in 1789 and 1802.[8]
  • May 1 – Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro premieres in Vienna.
  • May 21 – The trial in the Affair of the Diamond Necklace ends in Paris.
  • June 2 – The Tignon law is enacted by Spanish Governor of Louisiana Esteban Rodríguez Miró, to force black women to wear a tignon headscarf.[9]
  • June 6 – Nathaniel Gorham is chosen as the new President of the U.S. Confederation Congress to substitute for John Hancock, who cannot take office because of illness.[10]
  • June 10 – An earthquake-caused landslide dam on the Dadu River gives way, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.
  • June 25 – Gavriil Pribylov discovers St. George Island of the Pribilof Islands in the Bering Sea.

July–September[]

  • July 14 – Convention of London between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Spain: British settlements on the Mosquito Coast of Central America are to be evacuated; Spain expands the territory available to the British in Belize on the Yucatán Peninsula, for cutting mahogany.
  • July 31 – The Kilmarnock volume of Robert Burns' Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect is published in Scotland.
  • August
    • James Rumsey tests his first steamboat on the Potomac River, at Shepherdstown, Virginia.
    • The Cabinet of Great Britain approves the establishment of a penal colony, at Botany Bay in Australia.
  • August 1 – Caroline Herschel discovers a comet (the first discovered by a woman).
  • August 8 – Mont Blanc is climbed for the first time, by Dr. Michel-Gabriel Paccard and Jacques Balmat.
  • August 11 – Captain Francis Light acquires the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah on behalf of the British East India Company, renaming it Prince of Wales Island in honour of the heir to the British throne,[11] the first colony of the British Empire in Southeast Asia.
  • August 17 – The paternal nephew of Frederick the Great, Frederick William, becomes King of Prussia, as Frederick William II.
  • August 18 – The Kingdom of Denmark (including Norway) charters six settlements in Iceland to trade with it, thus ending the Danish–Icelandic Trade Monopoly, and founding Reykjavík.
  • August 29 – Shays' Rebellion begins in Massachusetts.
  • September–December – Goethe undertook his Italian Journey (published in 1817).
  • September 2 – A hurricane strikes Barbados.
  • September 11–14 – The Annapolis Convention is held by delegates from six of the 13 states (Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey and New York) resulting in the scheduling of the Philadelphia Convention to draft a national constitution.[10]
  • September 14 – Connecticut cedes to the United States all of its claims to lands between the 41st and 42nd parallels north and west of the Connecticut Western Reserve.[10]
  • September 26 – Eden Agreement: A commercial treaty is signed between the Kingdoms of Great Britain and France.[12]

October–December[]

Östersund
  • October 6 – HMS Bellerophon begins service with the Royal Navy.[13]
  • October 10 – The Confederation Congress of the United States directs backpay for seven months for Virginia officers who have been waiting since 1782.[14]
  • October 12 – King George III of the United Kingdom appoints Captain Arthur Phillip as the first Governor of New Holland, which comprises the area of modern Australia from the 135th meridian east to the east coast and all adjacent islands in the Pacific Ocean.[15]
  • October 16 – The Confederation Congress establishes the United States Mint to make common coinage and currency for the U.S., to replace individual state coins.[10]
  • October 23
    • The 13th century AH begins on the Islamic calendar on the 1st of Muharram 1201 AH
    • The settlement of Östersund is established in Sweden.[16]
  • October 24 – General David Cobb of the Massachusetts militia defeats a body of rebel insurgents at Taunton, Massachusetts in one of the battles of Shays' Rebellion.[17]
  • November 7 – The oldest musical organization in the United States, the Stoughton Musical Society, is founded.
  • November 30 – Peter Leopold Joseph of Habsburg-Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, promulgates a penal reform, making his country the first state to abolish the death penalty. November 30 is therefore commemorated by 300 cities around the world, as Cities for Life Day.
  • December 4 – Mission Santa Barbara is founded by Padre Fermín Lasuén as the tenth of the Spanish missions in California.
    December 4: Mission Santa Barbara is founded.
  • December 20 – Robert Burns's Address to a Haggis is first published, in Edinburgh.

Date unknown[]

  • The town of Martinsborough, North Carolina, named for Royal Governor Josiah Martin in 1771, is renamed "Greenesville" in honor of United States General Nathanael Greene by the North Carolina General Assembly (the name "Greenesville" is later shortened, to become Greenville).
  • The last reliably recorded wolf in Ireland is hunted down and killed near Mount Leinster, County Carlow, for killing sheep.[18]

Births[]

Maria Pavlovna of Russia
Davy Crockett
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

date unknown[]

  • Caroline Cornwallis, English writer (d. 1858)
  • Kim Jeong-hui, Korean epigrapher (d. 1856)
  • probable – Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho (d. 1870)

Deaths[]

Carl Wilhelm Scheele
  • May 21 – Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Swedish chemist (b. 1742)
  • May 22 – Carl Fredrik Mennander, Swedish bishop (b. 1712)
  • May 25 – Peter III of Portugal, consort of Queen Maria I of Portugal (b. 1717)
  • June 17 – Adam Drummond, British politician (b. 1713)
  • June 19 – Nathanael Greene, major general in the Continental Army, 3rd Quartermaster General (b. 1742)
  • July 28 – Carlo Marchionni, Italian architect (b. 1702)
Frederick II of Prussia
  • August 17 – King Frederick II of Prussia ("Frederick the Great") (b. 1712)
  • August 27 – Carl Fredrik Scheffer, Swedish politician (b. 1715)
  • September 5 – Jonas Hanway, English merchant, traveler, and philanthropist (b. 1712)
  • September 17 �� Tokugawa Ieharu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1737)
  • September 18 – Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, Italian luthier (b. 1711)
  • October 2 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, British admiral (b. 1725)
  • October 5 – Johann Gottlieb Gleditsch, German botanist (b. 1714)
  • October 17 – Johann Ludwig Aberli, Swiss artist (b. 1723)
  • October 20 – Humphrey Sturt, British architect (b. 1725)
  • October 31 – Princess Amelia of Great Britain, Second daughter of George II of Great Britain (b. 1711)
  • November 30 – Bernardo de Gálvez, Spanish military leader who aided the United States in its quest for independence, in the American Revolutionary War (b. 1746)
  • December 26 – Gasparo Gozzi, Italian critic, dramatist (b. 1713)

References[]

  1. ^ "Loss of the Halsewell East-Indiaman". Remarkable Shipwrecks; Or, A Collection of Interesting Accounts of Naval Disasters: With Many Particulars of the Extraordinary Adventures and Sufferings of the Crews of Vessels Wrecked at Sea, and of Their Treatment on Distant Shores. Together with an Account of the Deliverance of Survivors. Andrus and Starr. 1813. p. 214. Retrieved February 2, 2013.
  2. ^ "Manasseh Cutler, the Man Who Purchased Ohio", by William F. Poole, in New England Historical and Genealogical Register (April 1873) p161
  3. ^ The Cincinnati Directory Advertiser for the Years 1836–7 (J. H. Woodruff, 1836) p198
  4. ^ Sir John Carr, The Stranger in Ireland, Or, A Tour in the Southern and Western Parts of that Country in the Year 1805 (Lincoln & Gleason, 1806) p274
  5. ^ Lucian Lamar Knight, Georgia's Landmarks, Memorials, and Legends (Byrd Printing, 1913) p476
  6. ^ Robert McCaughey, Stand, Columbia: A History of Columbia University (Columbia University Press, 2012) p54
  7. ^ Robert Morris, ed., The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781-1784: November 1, 1782 – May 4, 1783 (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1988) p627
  8. ^ Stephen James O'Meara, Deep-Sky Companions: The Caldwell Objects (Cambridge University Press, 2016) p534
  9. ^ Kein, Sybil, ed. (2000). Creole: The History and Legacy of Louisiana's Free People of Color. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-8071-4205-9. OCLC 703156104.
  10. ^ a b c d Lossing, Benson John; Wilson, Woodrow, eds. (1910). Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1909. Harper & Brothers. p. 167.
  11. ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 339. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  12. ^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 230–231. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  13. ^ Colin Pengelly, HMS Bellerophon (Pen and Sword, 2014)
  14. ^ Journal of the House of Delegates of the Commonwealth of Virginia (January 6, 1787) p145
  15. ^ "Conquest", by Alan Atkinson, in Australia's Empire, ed. by Deryck M. Schreuder, Deryck Schreuder and Stuart Ward (Oxford University Press, 2008) p33
  16. ^ Lennart Sundström (November 5, 2013). "Föreningen Gamla Östersund" (in Swedish). Länstidningen Östersund. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
  17. ^ Collections of the Old Colony Historical Society No. 6 (1899) p151
  18. ^ Hickey, Kieran R. (2000). "A geographical perspective on the decline and extermination of the Irish wolf canis lupus" (PDF). Irish Geography. 33: 185–98. doi:10.1080/00750770009478590. Retrieved February 25, 2011.

Further reading[]

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