List of United States senators from Maryland

Current delegation

Ben Cardin (D)

Chris Van Hollen (D)

This is a list of United States senators from Maryland, which ratified the United States Constitution April 28, 1788, becoming the seventh state to do so.^[1] To provide for continuity of government, the framers divided senators into staggered classes that serve six-year terms, and Maryland's senators are in the first and third classes.^[2] Before the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913, which allowed for direct election of senators, Maryland's senators were chosen by the Maryland General Assembly, which ratified the amendment on April 1, 2010. Until the assembly appointed George L. Wellington of Cumberland in 1897, senators in class 3 were chosen from the Eastern Shore while senators in class 1 were chosen from the remainder of the state. Barbara Mikulski was Maryland's longest-serving senator (1987–2017).

List of senators[]

#	Senator	Party	Dates in office	Electoral history	T	C	T	Electoral history	Dates in office	Party	Senator	#
Class 1 Class 1 U.S. senators belong to the electoral cycle that has recently been contested in 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018. The next election will be in 2024.						C	Class 3 Class 3 U.S. senators belong to the electoral cycle that has recently been contested in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016. The next election will be in 2022.
1	Charles Carroll	Pro- Admin.	March 4, 1789 – November 30, 1792	Elected in 1788.	1	1st	1	Elected in 1788.	March 4, 1789 – December 10, 1797	Pro- Admin.	John Henry	1
1	Charles Carroll	Pro- Admin.	March 4, 1789 – November 30, 1792	Re-elected in 1791. Resigned to remain in the Maryland Senate.	2	2nd
Vacant			November 30, 1792 – January 10, 1793
2	Richard Potts	Pro- Admin.	January 10, 1793 – October 24, 1796	Elected to finish Carroll's term. Resigned.
						3rd
						4th	2	Re-elected in 1795. Resigned to become Governor of Maryland.
Vacant			October 24, 1796 – November 30, 1796
3	John Eager Howard	Federalist	November 30, 1796 – March 3, 1803	Elected to finish Potts's term.
				Re-elected in 1796. Lost re-election.	3	5th
						5th		Elected to finish Henry's term. Resigned.	December 11, 1797 – December 1, 1800	Federalist	James Lloyd	2
						6th		Elected to finish Henry's term. Resigned.	December 11, 1797 – December 1, 1800	Federalist	James Lloyd	2
									December 1, 1800 – December 12, 1800	Vacant
								Elected to finish Lloyd's term.	December 12, 1800 – November 19, 1801	Federalist	William Hindman	3
						7th	3	Appointed to fill the vacancy after the Legislature failed to elect. Retired when successor elected.	December 12, 1800 – November 19, 1801	Federalist	William Hindman	3
						7th		Elected to finish term. Resigned to become Governor of Maryland.	November 19, 1801 – November 12, 1806	Democratic-Republican	Robert Wright	4
4	Samuel Smith	Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1815	Elected November 17, 1802.^[3]	4	8th
						9th
									November 12, 1806 – November 25, 1806	Vacant
								Elected to finish Wright's term.	November 25, 1806 – March 3, 1813	Democratic-Republican	Philip Reed	5
						10th	4	Re-elected in 1806.
				Re-elected November 14, 1809.^[4] [data unknown/missing]	5	11th
						12th
						13th	5	Legislature failed to elect.	March 3, 1813 – May 21, 1813	Vacant
						13th		Elected in 1813 to finish term. [data unknown/missing]	May 21, 1813 – March 3, 1819	Federalist	Robert Henry Goldsborough	6
Vacant			March 4, 1815 – January 29, 1816	Legislature failed to elect	6	14th
5	Robert Goodloe Harper	Federalist	January 29, 1816 – December 6, 1816	Elected to finish term. Resigned.
Vacant			December 6, 1816 – December 20, 1816
6	Alexander Contee Hanson	Federalist	December 20, 1816 – April 23, 1819	Elected to finish Harper's term. Died.
						15th
						16th	6	Legislature did not elect until after the term began.	March 4, 1819 – December 20, 1819	Vacant
Vacant			April 23, 1819 – December 21, 1819					Legislature did not elect until after the term began.	March 4, 1819 – December 20, 1819	Vacant
7	William Pinkney	Democratic-Republican	December 20, 1819 – February 25, 1822	Elected December 14, 1819 to finish Hanson's term and qualified December 21, 1819.				Elected late December 14, 1819, and qualified December 21, 1819.	December 21, 1819 – January 14, 1826	Democratic-Republican	Edward Lloyd	7
7	William Pinkney	Democratic-Republican	December 20, 1819 – February 25, 1822	Re-elected in 1821. Died.	7	17th
Vacant			February 25, 1822 – December 17, 1822
8	Samuel Smith	Democratic-Republican	December 17, 1822 – March 3, 1833	Elected to finish Pinkney's term.
		Democratic-Republican				18th
		Jacksonian				19th	7	Re-elected in 1825. Resigned.		Jacksonian
									January 14, 1826 – January 24, 1826	Vacant
								Elected to finish Lloyd's term.	January 24, 1826 – December 20, 1834	Anti- Jacksonian	Ezekiel F. Chambers	8
				Re-elected in 1827.	8	20th
						21st
						22nd	8	Re-elected in 1831. Resigned to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals.
9	Joseph Kent	Anti- Jacksonian	March 4, 1833 – November 24, 1837	Elected in 1833. Died.	9	23rd
									December 20, 1834 – January 13, 1835	Vacant
								Elected to finish Chambers's term. Died.	January 13, 1835 – October 5, 1836	Anti- Jacksonian	Robert Henry Goldsborough	9
						24th		Elected to finish Chambers's term. Died.	January 13, 1835 – October 5, 1836	Anti- Jacksonian	Robert Henry Goldsborough	9
									October 5, 1836 – December 31, 1836	Vacant
								Elected to finish Goldsborough's term.	December 31, 1836 – October 24, 1840	Anti- Jacksonian	John S. Spence	10
		Whig				25th	9	Re-elected in 1837. Died.		Whig
Vacant			November 24, 1837 – January 4, 1838
10	William Duhurst Merrick	Whig	January 4, 1838 – March 3, 1845	Elected to finish Kent's term.
				Re-elected in 1839. [data unknown/missing]	10	26th
									October 24, 1840 – January 5, 1841	Vacant
								Elected to finish Spence's term. [data unknown/missing]	January 5, 1841 – March 3, 1843	Whig	John Leeds Kerr	11
						27th		Elected to finish Spence's term. [data unknown/missing]	January 5, 1841 – March 3, 1843	Whig	John Leeds Kerr	11
						28th	10	Elected in 1843.	March 4, 1843 – December 20, 1862	Whig	James Pearce	12
11	Reverdy Johnson	Whig	March 4, 1845 – March 7, 1849	Election year unknown. Resigned to become U.S. Attorney General.	11	29th
						30th
						31st	11	Re-elected in 1849.
Vacant			March 7, 1849 – December 6, 1849
12	David Stewart	Whig	December 6, 1849 – January 12, 1850	Appointed to continue Johnson's term. Retired when successor elected.
13	Thomas Pratt	Whig	January 12, 1850 – March 3, 1857	Elected to finish Johnson's term.
				Re-elected in 1851.	12	32nd
						33rd
						34th	12	Re-elected in 1855.
14	Anthony Kennedy	American	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1863	Election year unknown. [data unknown/missing]	13	35th				Democratic
		American				36th
		Unionist				37th	13	Re-elected in 1861. Died.
									December 20, 1862 – December 29, 1862	Vacant
								Appointed to continue Pearce's term. Elected in 1864 to finish Pearce's term. Died.	December 29, 1862 – February 14, 1865	Unionist	Thomas Holliday Hicks	13
15	Reverdy Johnson	Unionist	March 4, 1863 – July 10, 1868	Election year unknown. Resigned to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.	14	38th			December 29, 1862 – February 14, 1865	Unconditional Unionist	Thomas Holliday Hicks	13
		Unionist				38th			February 14, 1865 – March 9, 1865	Vacant
		Democratic				39th			February 14, 1865 – March 9, 1865	Vacant
						39th		Elected to finish Hicks's term. [data unknown/missing]	March 9, 1865 – March 3, 1867	Unconditional Unionist	John Creswell	14
						40th	14	Senator-elect Philip F. Thomas failed to qualify. Senate deemed him a person "who had given aid and comfort" to the Confederate cause.	March 4, 1867 – March 7, 1868	Vacant
								Elected to finish Thomas's term. [data unknown/missing]	March 7, 1868 – March 3, 1873	Democratic	George Vickers	15
Vacant			July 10, 1868 – July 13, 1868
16	William Pinkney Whyte	Democratic	July 13, 1868 – March 3, 1869	Appointed to finish Johnson's term. Retired.
17	William Thomas Hamilton	Democratic	March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1875	Election year unknown. Retired to run for Governor.	15	41st
						42nd
						43rd	15	Election year unknown. [data unknown/missing]	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1879	Democratic	George R. Dennis	16
18	William Pinkney Whyte	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1881	Elected in 1874. Retired.	16	44th
						45th
						46th	16	Elected January 18, 1878.^[5] [data unknown/missing]	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885	Democratic	James Black Groome	17
19	Arthur Pue Gorman	Democratic	March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1899	Elected in 1880.	17	47th
						48th
						49th	17	Elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1890. Died.	March 4, 1885 – February 24, 1891	Democratic	Ephraim Wilson	18
				Re-elected in 1886.	18	50th
						51st
						51st			February 24, 1891 – November 19, 1891	Vacant
						52nd	18		February 24, 1891 – November 19, 1891	Vacant
						52nd		Appointed to continue Wilson's term. Elected January 21, 1892 to finish Wilson's term.^[6] Unknown if retired or lost re-election.	November 19, 1891 – March 3, 1897	Democratic	Charles Hopper Gibson	19
				Elected in 1892. Lost re-election.	19	53rd
						54th
						55th	19	Elected January 22, 1896.^[7] Retired.	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1903	Republican	George L. Wellington	20
20	Louis E. McComas	Republican	March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1905	Elected in 1898. Retired to become judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals.	20	56th
						57th
						58th	20	Elected January 15, 1902.^[8] Died.	March 4, 1903 – June 4, 1906	Democratic	Arthur Pue Gorman	21
21	Isidor Rayner	Democratic	March 4, 1905 – November 25, 1912	Elected in 1904.	21	59th		Elected January 15, 1902.^[8] Died.	March 4, 1903 – June 4, 1906	Democratic	Arthur Pue Gorman	21
									June 4, 1906 – June 8, 1906	Vacant
								Appointed to continue Gorman's term. Elected January 15, 1908 to finish Gorman's term.^[6] Died.	June 8, 1906 – March 17, 1908	Democratic	William Pinkney Whyte	22
						60th			June 8, 1906 – March 17, 1908	Democratic	William Pinkney Whyte	22
									March 17, 1908 – March 25, 1908	Vacant
								Elected to finish Whyte's term, having already been elected to the next term.	March 25, 1908 – March 3, 1921	Democratic	John Walter Smith	23
						61st	21	Elected January 15, 1908.
				Re-elected January 18, 1910. Died.	22	62nd
Vacant			November 25, 1912 – November 29, 1912
22	William P. Jackson	Republican	November 29, 1912 – January 28, 1914	Appointed to continue Rayner's term. Retired when successor elected.
22	William P. Jackson	Republican	November 29, 1912 – January 28, 1914			63rd
23	Blair Lee	Democratic	January 28, 1914 – March 3, 1917	Elected November 4, 1913 to finish Rayner's term. Lost re-election.		63rd
23	Blair Lee	Democratic	January 28, 1914 – March 3, 1917			64th	22	Re-elected in 1914. Lost re-election.
24	Joseph I. France	Republican	March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1923	Elected in 1916. Lost re-election.	23	65th
						66th
						67th	23	Elected in 1920. Lost re-election.	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1927	Republican	Ovington Weller	24
25	William Cabell Bruce	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – March 3, 1929	Elected in 1922. Lost re-election.	24	68th
						69th
						70th	24	Elected in 1926.	March 4, 1927 – January 3, 1951	Democratic	Millard E. Tydings	25
26	Phillips Lee Goldsborough	Republican	March 4, 1929 – January 3, 1935	Elected in 1928. Retired to run for Governor.	25	71st
						72nd
						73rd	25	Re-elected in 1932.
27	George L. P. Radcliffe	Democratic	January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1947	Elected in 1934.	26	74th
						75th
						76th	26	Re-elected in 1938.
				Re-elected in 1940. Lost renomination.	27	77th
						78th
						79th	27	Re-elected in 1944. Lost re-election.
28	Herbert O'Conor	Democratic	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1953	Elected in 1946. Retired.	28	80th
						81st
						82nd	28	Elected in 1950.	January 3, 1951 – January 2, 1963	Republican	John Marshall Butler	26
29	James Glenn Beall	Republican	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1965	Elected in 1952.	29	83rd
						84th
						85th	29	Re-elected in 1956. Retired.
				Re-elected in 1958. Lost re-election.	30	86th
						87th
						88th	30	Elected in 1962. Lost re-election.	January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969	Democratic	Daniel B. Brewster	27
30	Joseph Tydings	Democratic	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1971	Elected in 1964. Lost re-election.	31	89th
						90th
						91st	31	Elected in 1968.	January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1987	Republican	Charles Mathias	28
31	J. Glenn Beall Jr.	Republican	January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1977	Elected in 1970. Lost re-election.	32	92nd
						93rd
						94th	32	Re-elected in 1974.
32	Paul Sarbanes	Democratic	January 3, 1977 – January 3, 2007	Elected in 1976.	33	95th
						96th
						97th	33	Re-elected in 1980. Retired.
				Re-elected in 1982.	34	98th
						99th
						100th	34	Elected in 1986.	January 3, 1987 – January 3, 2017	Democratic	Barbara Mikulski	29
				Re-elected in 1988.	35	101st
						102nd
						103rd	35	Re-elected in 1992.
				Re-elected in 1994.	36	104th
						105th
						106th	36	Re-elected in 1998.
				Re-elected in 2000. Retired.	37	107th
						108th
						109th	37	Re-elected in 2004.
33	Ben Cardin	Democratic	January 3, 2007 – Present	Elected in 2006.	38	110th
						111th
						112th	38	Re-elected in 2010. Retired.^[9]
				Re-elected in 2012.	39	113th
						114th
						115th	39	Elected in 2016.	January 3, 2017 – Present	Democratic	Chris Van Hollen	30
				Re-elected in 2018.	40	116th
						117th
						118th	40	To be determined in the 2022 election.
To be determined in the 2024 election.					41	119th	40	To be determined in the 2022 election.
#	Senator	Party	Years in office	Electoral history	T		T	Electoral history	Years in office	Party	Senator	#
Class 1							Class 3

Living former senators[]

As of August 2021, there is one living former senator from Maryland. The most recent and most recently serving senator to die was Paul Sarbanes (served 1977–2007) on December 6, 2020.

Senator	Term of office	Date of birth (and age)
Barbara Mikulski	1987–2017	(1936-07-20) July 20, 1936 (age 85)

Superlatives[]

Longest service[]

Senator	First served	Last served	Length of service
Barbara Mikulski	January 3, 1987	January 3, 2017	30 years, 0 days (10,958 days)
Paul Sarbanes	January 3, 1977	January 3, 2007	30 years, 0 days (10,957 days)
Millard Tydings	March 4, 1927	January 3, 1951	23 years, 305 days (8,706 days)
Samuel Smith	March 4, 1803	March 3, 1815	Combined total: 22 years, 2 months, 3 weeks (8,112 days)
Samuel Smith	December 17, 1822	March 3, 1833	Combined total: 22 years, 2 months, 3 weeks (8,112 days)
Arthur Pue Gorman	March 4, 1881	March 3, 1899	Combined total: 21 years, 92 days (7,757 days)
Arthur Pue Gorman	March 4, 1903	June 4, 1906	Combined total: 21 years, 92 days (7,757 days)

Shortest service[]

Senator	First served	Last served	Length of service
David Stewart	December 6, 1849	January 12, 1850	1 month and 6 days (37 days)
Robert Goodloe Harper	January 29, 1816	December 6, 1816	10 months and 1 week (312 days)
William Hindman	December 12, 1800	November 19, 1801	11 months and 1 week (342 days)
William Purnell Jackson	November 29, 1912	January 28, 1914	1 year, 1 month, 4 weeks and 2 days (425 days)
John Creswell	March 9, 1865	March 3, 1867	1 year, 11 months, 3 weeks and 1 day (724 days)

Youngest at beginning of service[]

Senator	Date of birth	First served	Age
Alexander Contee Hanson	February 27, 1786	December 20, 1816	30 years, 9 months and 23 days
Robert Henry Goldsborough	January 4, 1779	May 21, 1813	34 years, 4 months and 17 days
John Creswell	November 18, 1828	March 9, 1865	36 years, 3 months and 19 days
Joseph Tydings	May 4, 1928	January 3, 1965	36 years, 7 months and 30 days
Millard Tydings	April 6, 1890	March 4, 1927	36 years, 10 months and 26 days

Oldest at end of service[]

Senator	Date of birth	Last served	Age
William Pinkney Whyte	August 9, 1824	March 17, 1908	83 years, 7 months and 8 days
Samuel Smith	July 27, 1752	March 3, 1833	80 years, 7 months and 4 days
Barbara Mikulski	July 20, 1936	January 3, 2017	80 years, 5 months and 14 days
Ben Cardin	October 5, 1943	Present	77 years, 10 months and 26 days
John Walter Smith	February 5, 1845	March 3, 1921	76 years and 26 days

References[]

^ "Maryland Historical Chronology, 1700-1799". Maryland State Archives. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
^ "The Senate and the United States Constitution". United States senate Historical Office. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
^ "Maryland 1802 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved January 30, 2018., citing Votes and Proceedings of the Maryland State Senate, 1802. 10.
^ "Maryland 1809 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 18, 2018., citing The Hornet (Fredericktown, Md.). November 29, 1809.
^ https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=114843
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Byrd, p. 121.
^ "WELLINGTON IS ELECTED". The New York Times. January 23, 1896. p. 5.
^ "Ratified Mr. German's Election". The New York Times. January 16, 1902. p. 3.
^ Gaudiano, Nicole (March 2, 2015). "Longtime Sen. Barbara Mikulski to retire". USA Today.

Byrd, Robert C. (October 1, 1993). Wolff, Wendy (ed.). The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992. United States Senate Historical Office (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160632563.

show v t United States senators from Maryland
Class 1	Carroll Potts Howard S. Smith Harper Hanson Pinkney S. Smith Kent Merrick Johnson Stewart Pratt Kennedy Johnson Whyte Hamilton Whyte Gorman McComas Rayner Jackson Lee France Bruce P. Goldsborough Radcliffe O'Conor Beall Sr. J. Tydings Beall Jr. Sarbanes Cardin
Class 3	Henry J. Lloyd Hindman Wright Reed R. Goldsborough E. Lloyd Chambers R. Goldsborough Spence Kerr Pearce Hicks Creswell Vickers Dennis Groome Wilson Gibson Wellington Gorman Whyte J. Smith Weller M. Tydings Butler Brewster Mathias Mikulski Van Hollen

show v t Maryland's current delegation to the United States Congress
Senators	Ben Cardin (D) Chris Van Hollen (D)
Representatives (ordered by district)	Andy Harris (R) Dutch Ruppersberger (D) John Sarbanes (D) Anthony Brown (D) Steny Hoyer (D) David Trone (D) Kweisi Mfume (D) Jamie Raskin (D)

show v t Lists of United States congressional delegations
States	Alabama (H, S) Alaska (H, S) Arizona (H, S) Arkansas (H, S) California (H, S) Colorado (H, S) Connecticut (H, S) Delaware (H, S) Florida (H, S) Georgia (H, S) Hawaii (H, S) Idaho (H, S) Illinois (H, S) Indiana (H, S) Iowa (H, S) Kansas (H, S) Kentucky (H, S) Louisiana (H, S) Maine (H, S) Maryland (H, S) Massachusetts (H, S) Michigan (H, S) Minnesota (H, S) Mississippi (H, S) Missouri (H, S) Montana (H, S) Nebraska (H, S) Nevada (H, S) New Hampshire (H, S) New Jersey (H, S) New Mexico (H, S) New York (H, S) North Carolina (H, S) North Dakota (H, S) Ohio (H, S) Oklahoma (H, S) Oregon (H, S) Pennsylvania (H, S) Rhode Island (H, S) South Carolina (H, S) South Dakota (H, S) Tennessee (H, S) Texas (H, S) Utah (H, S) Vermont (H, S) Virginia (H, S) Washington (H, S) West Virginia (H, S) Wisconsin (H, S) Wyoming (H, S)
Others	American Samoa Cherokee Nation District of Columbia Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico U.S. Virgin Islands
Obsolete	Dakota Territory Northwest Territory Orleans Territory Philippines Southwest Territory
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