91st United States Congress

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91st United States Congress
90th ←
→ 92nd
USCapitol.jpg
United States Capitol (2002)
January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1971
Members100 senators
435 representatives
Senate MajorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentHubert Humphrey (D)
(until January 20, 1969)
Spiro Agnew (R)
(from January 20, 1969)
House MajorityDemocratic
House SpeakerJohn W. McCormack (D)
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1969 – December 23, 1969
2nd: January 19, 1970 – January 2, 1971

The 91st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1969, to January 3, 1971, during the final weeks of the presidency of Lyndon Johnson and the first two years of the first presidency of Richard Nixon.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighteenth Census of the United States in 1960.

Both chambers had a Democratic majority - albeit with losing their supermajority status in the Senate. With Richard Nixon being sworn in as President on January 20, 1969, this ended the Democrats' overall federal government trifecta that they had held since the 87th Congress.

Major events[]

Main articles: 1969 in the United States, 1970 in the United States, and 1971 in the United States
  • January 20, 1969: Richard M. Nixon became 37th President of the United States.

Major legislation[]

President Richard Nixon paying his last tributes to Sen. Everett Dirksen, who died September 7, 1969.
Main article: List of United States federal legislation, 1901–2001 § 91st United States Congress

Party summary[]

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate[]

Party standings on the opening day of the 91st Congress
  57 Democratic Senators
  43 Republican Senators
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Republican
(R)		Other
(O)
End of previous congress 62 38 0 100 0
Begin 57 43 0 100 0
End 59 41
Final voting share 59.0% 41.0% 0.0%
Beginning of next congress 54 44 2[a] 100 0

House of Representatives[]

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
(D) 		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 247 186 433 2
Begin 243 192 435 0
End 242 189 4314
Final voting share 56.1% 43.9%
Beginning of next congress 254 180 434 1

Leadership[]

Senate President Spiro Agnew

Senate[]

  • President: Hubert Humphrey (D), until January 20, 1969
    • Spiro Agnew (R), from January 20, 1969
  • President pro tempore: Richard Russell Jr. (D)
  • Permanent Acting President pro tempore: Lee Metcalf (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership[]

  • Majority Leader: Mike Mansfield
  • Majority Whip: Ted Kennedy
  • Caucus Secretary: Robert Byrd

Minority (Republican) leadership[]

  • Minority Leader: Everett Dirksen, until September 7, 1969
    • Hugh Scott, from September 24, 1969
  • Minority Whip: Hugh Scott, until September 24, 1969
    • Robert P. Griffin, from September 24, 1969
  • Republican Conference Chairman: Margaret Chase Smith
  • Republican Conference Secretary: Milton Young
  • National Senatorial Committee Chair: John Tower
  • Policy Committee Chairman: Gordon Allott

House of Representatives[]

  • Speaker: John W. McCormack (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership[]

  • Majority Leader: Carl Albert
  • Majority Whip: Hale Boggs
  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Dan Rostenkowski
  • Democratic Caucus Secretary: Leonor Sullivan
  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Michael A. Feighan

Minority (Republican) leadership[]

  • Minority Leader: Gerald Ford
  • Minority Whip: Leslie C. Arends
  • Republican Conference Chairman: John B. Anderson
  • Republican Conference Secretary: Richard H. Poff
  • Policy Committee Chairman: John Jacob Rhodes
  • Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Bob Wilson

Caucuses[]

  • House Democratic Caucus
  • Senate Democratic Caucus

Members[]

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Members of the House are listed by district.

Senate[]

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1970; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1972; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1974.

House of Representatives[]

Some members of the House of Representatives were elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, and others were elected from districts, as listed here as the districts existed at this time.

Changes in membership[]

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress

Senate[]

  • Replacements: 3
    • Democratic: 2 seat net gain
    • Republican: 2 seat net loss
  • Deaths: 1
  • Resignations: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 3
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
State
(class) 		Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[b]
Illinois
(3) 		Everett Dirksen (R) Died September 7, 1969 Ralph Tyler Smith (R) September 17, 1969
Illinois
(3) 		Ralph Tyler Smith (R) Successor elected November 3, 1970 Adlai Stevenson III (D) November 17, 1970
Delaware
(1) 		John J. Williams (R) Resigned December 30, 1970 William Roth (R) January 1, 1971
California
(1) 		George Murphy (R) Resigned January 2, 1971 John V. Tunney (D) January 2, 1971

House of Representatives[]

  • Replacements: 14
    • Democratic: 2 seat net gain
    • Republican: 2 seat net loss
  • Deaths: 10
  • Resignations: 8
  • Total seats with changes: 18
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[b]
California 27th Edwin Reinecke (R) Resigned January 21, 1969, after becoming Lieutenant Governor of California Barry Goldwater Jr. (R) April 29, 1969
Wisconsin 7th Melvin Laird (R) Resigned January 21, 1969, after being appointed United States Secretary of Defense Dave Obey (D) April 1, 1969
Tennessee 8th Fats Everett (D) Died January 26, 1969 Ed Jones (D) March 25, 1969
Montana 2nd James F. Battin (R) Resigned February 27, 1969, after being appointed judge for the US District Court for the District of Montana John Melcher (D) June 24, 1969
Illinois 13th Donald Rumsfeld (R) Resigned May 25, 1969, after being appointed Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity Phil Crane (R) November 25, 1969
Massachusetts 6th William H. Bates (R) Died June 22, 1969 Michael J. Harrington (D) September 30, 1969
Illinois 6th Daniel J. Ronan (D) Died August 13, 1969 George W. Collins (D) November 3, 1970
New Jersey 8th Charles Samuel Joelson (D) Resigned September 4, 1969, after becoming judge of Superior Court of New Jersey Robert A. Roe (D) November 4, 1969
New Jersey 6th William T. Cahill (R) Resigned January 19, 1970, after becoming Governor of New Jersey Edwin B. Forsythe (R) November 3, 1970
California 24th Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) Died February 1, 1970 John H. Rousselot (R) June 30, 1970
California 35th James B. Utt (R) Died March 1, 1970 John G. Schmitz (R) June 30, 1970
Connecticut 2nd William St. Onge (D) Died May 1, 1970 Robert H. Steele (R) November 3, 1970
Ohio 19th Michael J. Kirwan (D) Died July 27, 1970 Charles J. Carney (D) November 3, 1970
Pennsylvania 9th George Watkins (R) Died August 7, 1970 John H. Ware III (R) November 3, 1970
Illinois 1st William L. Dawson (D) Died November 9, 1970 Vacant Not filled this term
South Carolina 1st L. Mendel Rivers (D) Died December 28, 1970
Delaware at-large William Roth (R) Resigned December 31, 1970, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate
California 38th John V. Tunney (D) Resigned January 2, 1971, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate

Committees[]

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate[]

  • Aeronautical and Space Sciences (Chair: Clinton P. Anderson; Ranking Member: Margaret Chase Smith)
  • Agriculture and Forestry (Chair: Allen J. Ellender; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
  • Appropriations (Chair: Richard B. Russell; Ranking Member: Milton R. Young)
  • Armed Services (Chair: John C. Stennis; Ranking Member: Margaret Chase Smith)
  • Banking and Currency (Chair: John J. Sparkman; Ranking Member: Wallace F. Bennett)
  • Commerce (Chair: Warren G. Magnuson; Ranking Member: Norris Cotton)
  • District of Columbia (Chair: Joseph D. Tydings; Ranking Member: Winston L. Prouty)
  • (Select) (Chair:[data unknown/missing]; Ranking Member:[data unknown/missing])
  • Finance (Chair: Russell B. Long; Ranking Member: John J. Williams)
  • Foreign Relations (Chair: J. William Fulbright; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
  • Government Operations (Chair: John Little McClellan; Ranking Member: Karl E. Mundt)
  • Interior and Insular Affairs (Chair: Henry M. Jackson; Ranking Member: Gordon Allott)
  • Judiciary (Chair: James O. Eastland; Ranking Member: Everett M. Dirksen)
  • Labor and Public Welfare (Chair: Ralph W. Yarborough; Ranking Member: Jacob K. Javits)
  • Nutrition and Human Needs (Select) (Chair: George S. McGovern)
  • Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: Gale W. McGee; Ranking Member: Hiram Fong)
  • Public Works (Chair: Jennings Randolph; Ranking Member: John Sherman Cooper)
  • Rules and Administration (Chair: B. Everett Jordan; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis)
  • Small Business (Select) (Chair: Alan Bible)
  • Standards and Conduct (Select) (Chair: John C. Stennis; Vice Chairman: Wallace F. Bennett)
  • Whole

House of Representatives[]

  • Agriculture (Chair: William R. Poage; Ranking Member: Page Belcher)
  • Appropriations (Chair: George H. Mahon; Ranking Member: Frank T. Bow)
  • Armed Services (Chair: L. Mendel Rivers; Ranking Member: William H. Bates)
  • Banking and Currency (Chair: Wright Patman; Ranking Member: William B. Widnall)
  • District of Columbia (Chair: John L. McMillan; Ranking Member: Ancher Nelsen)
  • Education and Labor (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: William H. Ayres)
  • Foreign Affairs (Chair: Thomas E. Morgan; Ranking Member: E. Ross Adair)
  • Government Operations (Chair: William L. Dawson; Ranking Member: Florence P. Dwyer)
  • House Administration (Chair: Samuel N. Friedel; Ranking Member: Glenard P. Lipscomb)
  • House Beauty Shop (Select) (Chair: Martha W. Griffiths)
  • (Chairman: N/A; Ranking Member: N/A)
  • Interior and Insular Affairs (Chair: Wayne N. Aspinall; Ranking Member: John P. Saylor)
  • Internal Security (Chair: Richard H. Ichord; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook)
  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chair: Harley O. Staggers; Ranking Member: William L. Springer)
  • Judiciary (Chair: Emanuel Celler; Ranking Member: William M. McCulloch)
  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chair: Edward A. Garmatz; Ranking Member: William S. Mailliard)
  • (Chair: Bernice F. Sisk)
  • Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: Thaddeus J. Dulski; Ranking Member: Robert J. Corbett)
  • Public Works (Chair: George Hyde Fallon; Ranking Member: William C. Cramer)
  • Rules (Chair: William M. Colmer; Ranking Member: H. Allen Smith)
  • Science and Astronautics (Chair: George P. Miller; Ranking Member: James G. Fulton)
  • (Select) (Chair: Joe L. Evins)
  • Standards of Official Conduct (Chair: Charles Melvin Price; Ranking Member: Leslie C. Arends)
  • Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Olin E. Teague; Ranking Member: Charles M. Teague)
  • Ways and Means (Chair: Wilbur D. Mills; Ranking Member: John W. Byrnes)
  • Whole

Joint committees[]

  • Atomic Energy (Chair: Rep. Chet Holifield; Vice Chair: Sen. John O. Pastore)
  • Congressional Operations
  • (Chair: Sen. John J. Sparkman; Vice Chair: Rep. Wright Patman)
  • Economic (Chair: Rep. Wright Patman; Vice Chair: Sen. William Proxmire)
  • (Chair: Rep. Wilbur D. Mills)
  • The Library (Chair: Rep. Samuel N. Friedel; Vice Chair: Sen. B. Everett Jordan)
  • Printing (Chair: Sen. B. Everett Jordan; Vice Chair: Rep. Samuel N. Friedel)
  • (Chair: Rep. George H. Mahon)
  • Taxation (Chair: Rep. Wilbur D. Mills; Vice Chair: Sen. Russell B. Long)

Employees[]

Legislative branch agency directors

  • Architect of the Capitol: J. George Stewart, appointed October 1, 1954, died May 24, 1970
  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Rufus Pearson
  • Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats
  • Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford
  • Public Printer of the United States: James L. Harrison, until 1970
    • Adolphus N. Spence, from 1970

Senate

  • Secretary: Francis R. Valeo
  • Librarian:
  • Curator: Richard A. Baker (acting), until 1970
    • James R. Ketchum, from 1970
  • Parliamentarian: Floyd Riddick
  • Sergeant at Arms:
  • Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris (Methodist), until January 9, 1969
    • Edward L. R. Elson (Presbyterian), from January 9, 1969
  • Democratic Party Secretary: J. Stanley Kimmitt
  • Republican Party Secretary:

House of Representatives

  • Clerk: W. Pat Jennings
  • Sergeant at Arms:
  • Doorkeeper: William M. Miller
  • Postmaster:
  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
  • Reading Clerks: (D) and (R)
  • Chaplain: (Methodist)

See also[]

  • United States elections, 1968 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • 1968 United States presidential election
    • United States Senate elections, 1968
    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1968
  • United States elections, 1970 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1970
    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1970

Notes[]

  1. ^ Conservative Party of New York, Independent
  2. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References[]

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links[]

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