Michigan's 1st congressional district

Michigan's 1st congressional district
Michigan's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Representative	Jack Bergman R–Watersmeet
Area	24,875[1] sq mi (64,430 km2)
Distribution	63.42% rural[2] 36.58% urban
Population (2019)	697,102[3]
Median household income	$51,553[4]
Ethnicity	91.2% White 2.4% other 2.3% Two or more races 1.7% Hispanic 1.6% Black 0.7% Asian
Cook PVI	R+12[5]

Michigan's 1st congressional district is a United States congressional district containing the entire Upper Peninsula of Michigan and 16 counties of Northern Michigan in the Lower Peninsula. The district is currently represented by Republican Jack Bergman.

Geography[]

The district is the second-largest congressional district east of the Mississippi River by land area, only behind Maine's 2nd congressional district. Its boundaries contain the entire Upper Peninsula of Michigan and much of the northern part of the Lower Peninsula. Altogether, the district makes up about 44% of the land area of the state of Michigan. It contains the second-longest shoreline of any district in the United States, behind Alaska's at-large congressional district.

Of the 83 counties in Michigan, 31 lie fully within the district, and it contains a portion of another, Mason County.

History[]

Prior to 1992, the 1st congressional district was a Detroit-based congressional district. From the election of Republican John B. Sosnowski in 1925 until 1964, the former 1st district was represented by only one non-Polish-American politician, Robert H. Clancy. Along with Sosnowski, 6 Polish-Americans served as the 1st district's representatives elected 7 times, since 1925. The other strong Polish Michigan congressional districts were the 15th district (where half of the elected were Polish-American) and the dissolved 16th district (where all three elected representatives were of Polish descent). In 1964, the 1st congressional district was drawn as a new, African-American majority district reflecting the changing demographics of Detroit, while enough of the old 1st district was moved to the 14th district so that the 14th district retained the 1st's old congressman. John Conyers was elected to congress from the 1st district, a position he would hold until the 1st was removed from Detroit.

After 1992, the 1st district covered land in the UP and Northern Michigan. Most of this territory had been in what is now the 11th district from 1892 to 1992. The 1st from 1992 to 2002 was similar to the present district, except that it did not extend nearly as far south along Lake Michigan, while it took in Traverse City and some surrounding areas on the west side of the state.

Voting[]

Election results from presidential races
Year	Office	Results
1992	President	Clinton 41 - 35%
1996	President	Clinton 47 - 40%
2000	President	Bush 52 - 45%
2004	President	Bush 53 - 46%
2008	President	Obama 50 - 48%
2012	President	Romney 54 - 45%
2016	President	Trump 58 - 37%
2018	Senate	James 54 - 43%
	Governor	Schuette 52 - 44%
2020	President	Trump 58 - 40%

Major cities in the district[]

• Alpena
• Calumet
• Cheboygan
• Escanaba
• Gaylord
• Iron Mountain
• Ironwood
• Ishpeming
• Hancock
• Houghton
• Kingsford
• Manistee
• Marquette
• Menominee
• Petoskey
• Sault Ste. Marie
• Traverse City

List of members representing the district[]

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history	District location
District created March 4, 1843
Robert McClelland	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1849	28th 29th 30th	Elected in 1843. Re-elected in 1844. Re-elected in 1846. Retired.	1843–1853 [data unknown/missing]
Alexander W. Buel	Democratic	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851	31st	Elected in 1848. Lost re-election.
Ebenezer J. Penniman	Whig	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	32nd	Elected in 1850. Retired.
David Stuart	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd	Elected in 1852. Lost re-election.	1853–1863 [data unknown/missing]
William A. Howard	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	34th	Elected in 1854. Re-elected in 1856. Lost re-election.
	Republican	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	35th
George B. Cooper	Democratic	March 4, 1859 – May 15, 1860	36th	Elected in 1858. Lost election contest.
William A. Howard	Republican	May 15, 1860 – March 3, 1861	36th	Won election contest. Retired.
Bradley F. Granger	Republican	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	37th	Elected in 1860. Redistricted to the 3rd district and lost re-election as a Democrat.
Fernando C. Beaman	Republican	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1871	38th 39th 40th 41st	Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1862. Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Retired.	1863–1873 [data unknown/missing]
Henry Waldron	Republican	March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873	42nd	Elected in 1870. Redistricted to the 2nd district.
Moses W. Field	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	Elected in 1872. Lost re-election.	1873–1883 [data unknown/missing]
Alpheus S. Williams	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – December 21, 1878	44th 45th	Elected in 1874. Re-elected in 1876. Lost re-election and died before next term began.
Vacant		December 21, 1878 – March 3, 1879	45th
John S. Newberry	Republican	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1881	46th	Elected in 1878. Retired.
Henry W. Lord	Republican	March 4, 1881 – March 3, 1883	47th	Elected in 1880. Lost re-election.
William C. Maybury	Democratic[6]	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1887	48th 49th	Elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Retired.	1883–1893 [data unknown/missing]
John L. Chipman	Democratic	March 4, 1887 – August 17, 1893	50th 51st 52nd 53rd	Elected in 1886. Re-elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Died.
					1893–1903 [data unknown/missing]
Vacant		August 17, 1893 – November 7, 1893	53rd
Levi T. Griffin	Democratic	December 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895		Elected to finish Chipman's term. Lost re-election.
John B. Corliss	Republican	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1903	54th 55th 56th 57th	Elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Lost re-election.
Alfred Lucking	Democratic	March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1905	58th	Elected in 1902. Lost re-election.	1903–1913 [data unknown/missing]
Edwin C. Denby	Republican	March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1911	59th 60th 61st	Elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Lost re-election.
Frank E. Doremus	Democratic	March 4, 1911 – March 3, 1921	62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th	Elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Retired.
					1913–1933 [data unknown/missing]
George P. Codd	Republican	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	67th	Elected in 1920. Retired.
Robert H. Clancy	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – March 3, 1925	68th	Elected in 1922. Lost re-election.
John B. Sosnowski	Republican	March 4, 1925 – March 3, 1927	69th	Elected in 1924. Lost renomination.
Robert H. Clancy	Republican	March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1933	70th 71st 72nd	Elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Redistricted to the 14th district and lost re-election.
George G. Sadowski	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1939	73rd 74th 75th	Elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Lost renomination.	1933–1943 [data unknown/missing]
Rudolph G. Tenerowicz	Democratic[7]	January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1943	76th 77th	Elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Lost renomination.
George G. Sadowski	Democratic	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1951	78th 79th 80th 81st	Elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Lost renomination.	1943–1953 [data unknown/missing]
Thaddeus M. Machrowicz	Democratic	January 3, 1951 – September 18, 1961	82nd 83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th	Elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Resigned to become U.S. District Judge.
					1953–1963 [data unknown/missing]
Vacant		September 18, 1961 – November 7, 1961	87th
Lucien N. Nedzi	Democratic	November 7, 1961 – January 3, 1965	87th 88th	Elected to finish Machrowicz's term. Re-elected in 1962. Redistricted to the 14th district.
					1963–1973 [data unknown/missing]
John Conyers	Democratic	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1993	89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd	Elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Redistricted to the 14th district.
					1973–1983 [data unknown/missing]
					1983–1993 [data unknown/missing]
Bart Stupak	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2011	103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th	Elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Retired.	1993–2003
					2003–2013
Dan Benishek	Republican	January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2017	112th 113th 114th	Elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Retired.
					2013–present
Jack Bergman	Republican	January 3, 2017 – present	115th 116th 117th	Elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020.

Elections[]

2012[]

Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2012^[8]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Dan Benishek (incumbent)	167,060	48.1
	Democratic	Gary McDowell	165,179	47.6
	Libertarian	Emily Salvette	10,630	3.1
	Green	Ellis Boal	4,168	1.2
Total votes			347,037	100.0
	Republican hold

2014[]

Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2014^[9]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Dan Benishek (incumbent)	130,414	52.1
	Democratic	Jerry Cannon	113,263	45.3
	Libertarian	Loel Gnadt	3,823	1.5
	Green	Ellis Boal	2,631	1.1
Total votes			250,131	100.0
	Republican hold

2016[]

Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2016^[10]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jack Bergman	197,777	54.9
	Democratic	Lon Johnson	144,334	40.1
	Libertarian	Diane Bostow	13,386	3.7
	Green	Ellis Boal	4,774	1.3
Total votes			360,271	100.0
	Republican hold

2018[]

Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2018^[11]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jack Bergman (incumbent)	187,251	56.3
	Democratic	Matt Morgan	145,246	43.7
Total votes			332,497	100.0
	Republican hold

2020[]

Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2020^[12]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jack Bergman (incumbent)	256,581	61.7
	Democratic	Dana Ferguson	153,328	36.8
	Libertarian	Ben Boren	6,310	1.5
Total votes			416,219	100.0
	Republican hold

See also[]

• Michigan's congressional districts
• List of United States congressional districts
• Superior (proposed state)

Notes[]

References[]

• Govtrack.us for the 1st District - Lists current Senators and representative, and map showing district outline
• The Political graveyard: U.S. Representatives from Michigan, 1807–2003
• U.S. Representatives 1837–2003, Michigan Manual 2003–2004
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links[]

• Rep. Jack Bergman's official House of Representatives website

Coordinates: 46°09′26″N 86°26′13″W / 46.15722°N 86.43694°W / 46.15722; -86.43694