List of municipalities in New Brunswick

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Map of Canada with New Brunswick highlighted in red
Location of New Brunswick in Canada
Map showing locations of all of New Brunswick's municipalities
Distribution of New Brunswick's 107 municipalities and rural communities by municipal status type

New Brunswick is the eighth-most populous province in Canada with 775,610 residents as of the 2021 Census, and the third-smallest province in land area at 71,248.50 km2 (27,509.20 sq mi).[1] New Brunswick's 104 municipalities[2] cover only 10.9% of the province's land mass but are home to 69.5% of its population.

Municipalities in New Brunswick may incorporate under the Municipalities Act of 1973 as a city, town, village, regional municipality, or rural community.[3] Municipal governments are led by elected councils and are responsible for the delivery of services such as civic administration, land use planning, emergency measures, policing, road, and garbage collection.[4] New Brunswick has 8 cities, 26 towns, 61 villages, 1 regional municipality, and 8 rural communities.[4][5] Although rural communities are under the Municipalities Act, the provincial government distinguishes them from municipalities.[6]

In 1785, Saint John became the first community in what would eventually become Canada to incorporate as a city.[7] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest municipality by population with 79,470 residents and Saint John is the largest urban municipality by land area at 315.59 km2 (121.85 sq mi).[8] Approximately one-third of the residents of New Brunswick do not live in municipalities but reside in local service districts, which are unincorporated communities administered by the Minister of Environment and Local Government and have no local government of their own.[4]

Cities[]

Main article: List of cities in New Brunswick

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a city under the Local Governance Act if it has a population of at least 10,000.[3] Cities already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had eight cities that had a cumulative population of 293,928 in the 2021 Census.[8] Moncton is New Brunswick's largest city by population with 79,470 residents and Saint John is the largest by land area 315.59 km2 (121.85 sq mi) respectively.[8] Campbellton is New Brunswick's smallest city by population and land area with 7,047 residents and 18.57 km2 (7.17 sq mi).[8]

Towns[]

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a town under the Local Governance Act if it has a population of at least 1,500 and provides a level of services that the Minister of Local Government and Local Governance Reform considers appropriate.[3] Towns already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had 26 towns that had a cumulative population of 133,350 in the 2021 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest town by population is Riverview with 20,584 residents and largest town by area is Sackville with a land area of 73.91 km2 (28.54 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest town by population is Hartland with 933 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Quentin at 4.24 km2 (1.64 sq mi).[8]

Villages[]

New Brunswick's 61 villages had a cumulative population of 71,186 as of the 2021 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest village by population is Memramcook with 5,029 residents and largest village by area is Belledune with a land area of 189.18 km2 (73.04 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest village by population is Meductic with 180 residents and the smallest by land area is at 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi).[8]

Regional municipalities[]

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate an area as a Regional Municipality under the Local Governance Act if there is a population of at least 15,000 and at leas one existing municipality. New Brunswick's first and only regional municipality was incorporated on May 12, 2014.[9] The Regional Municipality of Tracadie was formed through the amalgamation of the former Town of Tracadie–Sheila, eighteen local service districts and portions of two other local service districts.[9] Regional municipalities must have a population greater than 15,000 and a community grouping that includes at least one municipality.[4] Regional municipalities elect a local council but are responsible only for community administration, planning and emergency measures services, and all services previously provided by any former municipality that is now part of the regional municipality.[4] The Province of New Brunswick is responsible for police protection and road services, unless the regional municipality chooses to assume these responsibilities.[4]

Rural communities[]

New Brunswick eight rural communities, an increase from four as of the 2011 census following the incorporations of Kedgwick in 2012, Cocagne and Hanwell in 2014, and Haut-Madawaska in 2017.[13] Haut-Madawaska was formed in 2017 through the amalgamation of four villages (Baker Brook, Clair, Saint-François de Madawaska and Saint-Hilaire) with five local service districts (the parishes of Baker Brook, Clair, Lac Baker, Saint-François, and Saint-Hilaire) and a portion of a sixth local service district (the parish of Madawaska)[14] These eight rural communities had a cumulative population of 24,842 in the 2021 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest and smallest rural communities are Beaubassin East and Campobello Island with populations of 6,718 and 949 respectively.[8] Rural communities elect local councils and are responsible for the delivery of some local services, including administrative services, community planning and emergency measures.[4] The province of New Brunswick ensures the delivery of other services including solid waste collection and recreation services unless the rural community chooses to take on these responsibilities.[4] Rural communities that include a former village or town are an exception, as they are responsible to provide all services that were previously provided by their former municipality.[4]

List of municipalities[]

  • Skyline of Moncton

    Skyline of Moncton, New Brunswick's largest municipality

  • Skyline of Saint John

    Skyline of Saint John, New Brunswick's second largest municipality

  • Skyline of Fredericton

    Skyline of Fredericton, New Brunswick's capital city and third-largest municipality

List of municipalities in New Brunswick
Name Municipal type County[15] Incorporation
date[16] 		2021 Census of Population[15]
Population
(2021) 		Population
(2016) 		Change
 Land area
(km²) 		Population
density
Bathurst City Gloucester 1912 12,157 11,897 +2.2% 91.62 132.7/km2
Campbellton City Restigouche 1888 7,047 6,883 +2.4% 18.57 379.5/km2
Dieppe City Westmorland 1952 28,114 25,384 +10.8% 77.02 365.0/km2
Edmundston City Madawaska 1952 16,437 16,580 −0.9% 106.84 153.8/km2
Fredericton City York 1848 63,116 58,721 +7.5% 133.93 471.3/km2
Miramichi City Northumberland 1995 17,692 17,537 +0.9% 178.98 98.8/km2
Moncton City Westmorland 1890 79,470 71,889 +10.5% 140.67 564.9/km2
Saint John City Saint John 1785 69,895 67,575 +3.4% 315.59 221.5/km2
Tracadie Regional municipality Gloucester 2014[17] 16,043 16,114 −0.4% 516.55 31.1/km2
Beaubassin East Rural community Westmorland 1995[18] 6,718 6,376 +5.4% 291.02 23.1/km2
Campobello Island Rural community Charlotte 2010[19] 949 872 +8.8% 39.59 24.0/km2
Cocagne Rural community Kent 2014[11] 2,757 2,649 +4.1% 69.23 39.8/km2
Hanwell Rural community York 2014[12] 4,743 4,700 +0.9% 152.06 31.2/km2
Haut-Madawaska Rural Community Madawaska 2017[14] 3,720 3,714 +0.2% 611.55 6.1/km2
Kedgwick Rural community Restigouche 2012[10] 1,986 1,964 +1.1% 649.36 3.1/km2
Saint-André Rural community Madawaska 2006[20] 1,794 1,901 −5.6% 136.19 13.2/km2
Upper Miramichi Rural community Northumberland 2008[21] 2,175 2,218 −1.9% 1,832.97 1.2/km2
Beresford Town Gloucester 1967 4,294 4,288 +0.1% 19.24 223.2/km2
Bouctouche Town Kent 1966 2,513 2,361 +6.4% 18.33 137.1/km2
Caraquet Town Gloucester 1961 4,285 4,248 +0.9% 68.13 62.9/km2
Dalhousie Town Restigouche 1905 3,223 3,126 +3.1% 15.12 213.2/km2
Florenceville-Bristol Town Carleton 2008 1,573 1,604 −1.9% 15.74 99.9/km2
Grand Bay-Westfield Town Kings 1998 4,967 4,964 +0.1% 59.82 83.0/km2
Grand Falls Town Victoria 1890 5,220 5,326 −2.0% 18.04 289.4/km2
Hampton Town Kings 1966 4,395 4,289 +2.5% 20.97 209.6/km2
Hartland Town Carleton 1918 933 957 −2.5% 9.50 98.2/km2
Lamèque Town Gloucester 1966 1,301 1,285 +1.2% 12.40 104.9/km2
Nackawic Town York 1976 962 941 +2.2% 7.68 125.3/km2
Oromocto Town Sunbury 1956 9,045 9,223 −1.9% 22.36 404.5/km2
Quispamsis Town Kings 1966 18,768 18,245 +2.9% 56.97 329.4/km2
Richibucto Town Kent 1966 1,411 1,266 +11.5% 11.90 118.6/km2
Riverview Town Albert 1973 20,584 19,667 +4.7% 34.10 603.6/km2
Rothesay Town Kings 1988 11,977 11,659 +2.7% 34.59 346.3/km2
Sackville Town Westmorland 1903 6,099 5,331 +14.4% 73.91 82.5/km2
Saint Andrews Town Charlotte 1903 2,048 1,786 +14.7% 8.35 245.3/km2
Saint-Léonard Town Madawaska 1920 1,322 1,300 +1.7% 5.34 247.6/km2
Saint-Quentin Town Restigouche 1947 2,141 2,194 −2.4% 4.24 505.0/km2
Shediac Town Westmorland 1903 7,535 6,664 +13.1% 64.00 117.7/km2
Shippagan Town Gloucester 1947 2,672 2,580 +3.6% 9.96 268.3/km2
St. George Town Charlotte 1904 1,579 1,517 +4.1% 16.17 97.6/km2
St. Stephen Town Charlotte 1973[a] 4,510 4,415 +2.2% 13.72 328.7/km2
Sussex Town Kings 1904 4,440 4,282 +3.7% 8.90 498.9/km2
Woodstock Town Carleton 1856 5,553 5,228 +6.2% 14.96 371.2/km2
Alma Village Albert 1966 282 213 +32.4% 47.64 5.9/km2
Aroostook Village Victoria 1966 313 306 +2.3% 2.23 140.4/km2
Atholville Village Restigouche 1966 3,290 3,570 −7.8% 119.58 27.5/km2
Balmoral Village Restigouche 1972 1,603 1,674 −4.2% 43.33 37.0/km2
Bas-Caraquet Village Gloucester 1966 1,311 1,305 +0.5% 30.93 42.4/km2
Bath Village Carleton 1966 440 476 −7.6% 2.00 220.0/km2
Belledune Village Restigouche 1968 1,325 1,417 −6.5% 189.18 7.0/km2
Bertrand Village Gloucester 1968 1,153 1,166 −1.1% 57.01 20.2/km2
Blacks Harbour Village Charlotte 1972 907 894 +1.5% 9.02 100.6/km2
Blackville Village Northumberland 1966 914 958 −4.6% 20.97 43.6/km2
Cambridge-Narrows Village Queens 1966 715 562 +27.2% 106.79 6.7/km2
Canterbury Village York 1966 320 336 −4.8% 5.32 60.2/km2
Cap-Pelé Village Westmorland 1969 2,441 2,425 +0.7% 22.96 106.3/km2
Centreville Village Carleton 1966 508 557 −8.8% 2.67 190.3/km2
Charlo Village Restigouche 1966 1,323 1,310 +1.0% 31.45 42.1/km2
Chipman Village Queens 1966 1,201 1,104 +8.8% 19.00 63.2/km2
Doaktown Village Northumberland 1966 808 792 +2.0% 29.09 27.8/km2
Dorchester Village Westmorland 1966 906 1,096 −17.3% 5.71 158.7/km2
Drummond Village Victoria 1967 729 737 −1.1% 8.88 82.1/km2
Eel River Crossing Village Restigouche 1966 1,844 1,953 −5.6% 65.26 28.3/km2
Fredericton Junction Village Sunbury 1966 719 704 +2.1% 23.85 30.1/km2
Gagetown Village Queens 1966 787 711 +10.7% 49.32 16.0/km2
Grand Manan Village Charlotte 1995 2,595 2,360 +10.0% 150.56 17.2/km2
Grande-Anse Village Gloucester 1968 731 899 −18.7% 24.27 30.1/km2
Harvey Village York 1966 402 358 +12.3% 2.46 163.4/km2
Hillsborough Village Albert 1966 1,348 1,277 +5.6% 12.81 105.2/km2
Lac Baker Village Madawaska 1967 685 690 −0.7% 37.24 18.4/km2
Le Goulet Village Gloucester 1986 749 793 −5.5% 5.40 138.7/km2
Maisonnette Village Gloucester 1986 535 495 +8.1% 12.91 41.4/km2
McAdam Village York 1966 1,173 1,151 +1.9% 14.19 82.7/km2
Meductic Village York 1966 180 215 −16.3% 6.26 28.8/km2
Memramcook Village Westmorland 1995 5,029 4,778 +5.3% 186.64 26.9/km2
Millville Village York 1966 274 273 +0.4% 12.14 22.6/km2
Minto Village Queens 1966 2,234 2,305 −3.1% 31.36 71.2/km2
Neguac Village Northumberland 1967 1,692 1,684 +0.5% 26.72 63.3/km2
New Maryland Village York 1991 4,153 4,174 −0.5% 21.25 195.4/km2
Nigadoo Village Gloucester 1967 997 963 +3.5% 7.65 130.3/km2
Norton Village Kings 1966 1,410 1,382 +2.0% 75.35 18.7/km2
Paquetville Village Gloucester 1966 718 720 −0.3% 9.26 77.5/km2
Perth-Andover Village Victoria 1966 1,574 1,590 −1.0% 8.96 175.7/km2
Petitcodiac Village Westmorland 1966 1,476 1,383 +6.7% 17.18 85.9/km2
Petit-Rocher Village Gloucester 1966 1,954 1,897 +3.0% 4.52 432.3/km2
Plaster Rock Village Victoria 1966 1,002 1,023 −2.1% 3.01 332.9/km2
Pointe-Verte Village Gloucester 1966 865 886 −2.4% 13.76 62.9/km2
Port Elgin Village Westmorland 1922 381 408 −6.6% 2.65 143.8/km2
Rexton Village Kent 1966 874 830 +5.3% 6.29 139.0/km2
Riverside-Albert Village Albert 1966 348 350 −0.6% 3.39 102.7/km2
Rivière-Verte Village Madawaska 1966 744 724 +2.8% 6.91 107.7/km2
Rogersville Village Northumberland 1966 1,193 1,166 +2.3% 7.19 165.9/km2
Saint-Antoine Village Kent 1966[b] 1,791 1,733 +3.3% 6.32 283.4/km2
Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska Village Madawaska 1966 891 957 −6.9% 8.97 99.3/km2
Sainte-Marie-Saint-Raphaël Village Gloucester 1966 820 879 −6.7% 15.84 51.8/km2
Saint-Isidore Village Gloucester 1978 810 764 +6.0% 22.94 35.3/km2
Saint-Léolin Village Gloucester 1966 615 647 −4.9% 19.73 31.2/km2
Saint-Louis de Kent Village Kent 1986 981 856 +14.6% 1.98 495.5/km2
Salisbury Village Westmorland 1966 2,387 2,284 +4.5% 13.56 176.0/km2
St. Martins Village Saint John 1966 320 276 +15.9% 2.35 136.2/km2
Stanley Village York 1966 397 412 −3.6% 16.93 23.4/km2
Sussex Corner Village Kings 1966 1,458 1,461 −0.2% 9.32 156.4/km2
Tide Head Village Restigouche 1966 951 938 +1.4% 19.34 49.2/km2
Tracy Village Sunbury 1966 610 608 +0.3% 29.44 20.7/km2
Total cities — — — 293,928 276,466 +6.3% 1,063.22 276.5/km2
Total regional municipality — — — 16,043 16,114 −0.4% 516.55 31.1/km2
Total rural communities — — — 24,842 24,394 +1.8% 3,781.97 6.6/km2
Total towns — — — 133,350 128,746 +3.6% 644.44 206.9/km2
Total villages — — — 71,186 70,855 +0.5% 1,769.24 40.2/km2
Total municipalities — — — 539,349 516,575 +4.4% 7,775.42 69.4/km2
Province of New Brunswick — — — 775,610 747,101 +3.8% 71,248.50 10.9/km2

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ St. Stephen was incorporated as a town in 1871, but amalgamated with Milltown in 1973 and renamed St. Stephen-Milltown but the name reverted to St. Stephen in 1975.[16]
  2. ^ Incorporated as St. Anthony but the name was changed to Saint-Antoine in 1969.[16]

References[]

  1. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
  2. ^ "Welcome to the Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick". The Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Municipalities Act (R.S.N.B. 1973, c. M-22)". Government of New Brunswick. 1973. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Types of Local Governments". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  5. ^ "Community Profiles". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  6. ^ "Municipalities (Cities, Towns, Villages) and Rural Communities". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved January 6, 2016.
  7. ^ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (New Brunswick)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
  9. ^ a b "Establishing the Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila" (PDF). New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government. February 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2017. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  10. ^ a b "Rural Community of Kedgwick Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 15, 2012. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  11. ^ a b "Rural Community of Cocagne Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  12. ^ a b "Rural Community of Hanwell Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  13. ^ Kedgwick was incorporated as a rural community through the amalgamation of the former Village of Kedgwick with the former local service district of the parish of Grimmer,[10] while Cocagne and Hanwell were previously local service districts.[11][12]
  14. ^ a b "New Brunswick Regulation 2017-3 under the Municipalities Act". Government of New Brunswick. March 20, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
  15. ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
  16. ^ a b c "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  17. ^ "Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick Office of the Attorney General. March 28, 2014. p. 3. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  18. ^ "Rural Community of Beaubassin East Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 24, 1995. p. 6. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  19. ^ "Rural Community of Campobello Island Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. August 31, 2010. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  20. ^ "Rural Community of Saint-André Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. May 26, 2006. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  21. ^ "Rural Community of Upper Miramichi Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 17, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.

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