Piatt County, Illinois

Piatt County
U.S. county
Piatt County Courthouse in Monticello
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°01′N 88°35′W / 40.01°N 88.59°W / 40.01; -88.59
Country	United States
State	Illinois
Founded	1841
Named for	James A. Piatt
Seat	Monticello
Largest city	Monticello
Area
• Total	439 sq mi (1,140 km2)
• Land	439 sq mi (1,140 km2)
• Water	0.3 sq mi (0.8 km2)  0.06%
Population  (2010)
• Total	16,729
• Estimate  (2018)	16,396
• Density	38/sq mi (15/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	13th
Website	www.piattcounty.org

Piatt County is a county in Illinois. According to the 2010 United States Census, it had a population of 16,729.^[1] Its county seat is Monticello.^[2]

Piatt County is part of the Champaign–Urbana, IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History[]

The first settler was George Haworth, a Quaker, followed by James Martin, Abraham Hanline, Solomon Carter and William Cordell.

Piatt County was formed in 1841 from Macon and Dewitt counties. Two local residents, James A. Piatt and Jesse Warner, were instrumental in forming the county. It was named after James A. Piatt after winning a coin flip against Jesse Warner.

• 

  Piatt County at the time of its creation in 1841

Abraham Lincoln practiced law in Piatt County as a circuit lawyer. Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas planned their presidential debates in Piatt County in 1858, one of which is ornamented by a marker just south of Monticello.

The first courthouse was built in 1843. It was replaced by the current courthouse in 1904.

Illinois Power Company was a major electric utility in Central Illinois, centered in Decatur, to the west of Piatt County. At one time, Illinois had a "personal property tax", an ad valorem tax levied by the counties on property that was not real estate. The personal property tax was a major expense for the electric utilities, since their generators and transmission lines were "personal property". Under Illinois law, a corporation, such as Illinois Power, paid personal property tax to the county in which the corporate headquarters was located. Because Piatt County offered a low tax rate, Illinois Power moved its corporate headquarters to that county. This allowed Piatt County to tax utility assets over half of the state, providing a rich source of revenue which was responsible for much of the wealth of this tiny county.^{[citation needed]}

Geography[]

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 439 square miles (1,140 km²), of which 439 square miles (1,140 km²) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km²) (0.06%) is water.^[3]

Climate and weather[]

Monticello, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     1.6     32 14     1.7     37 19     3     49 30     3.4     62 40     4     73 51     4     83 60     3.8     85 64     4     84 62     2.9     78 54     2.6     66 42     2.9     49 31     2.4     36 21 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[4]
showMetric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     41     0 −10     42     3 −7     75     9 −1     87     17 4     100     23 11     101     28 16     97     29 18     101     29 17     72     26 12     65     19 6     72     9 −1     62     2 −6 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Monticello have ranged from a low of 14 °F (−10 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1999 and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in July 1966. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.61 inches (41 mm) in January to 3.99 inches (101 mm) in August.^[4]

Major highways[]

Adjacent counties[]

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1850	1,606		—
1860	6,127		281.5%
1870	10,953		78.8%
1880	15,583		42.3%
1890	17,062		9.5%
1900	17,706		3.8%
1910	16,376		−7.5%
1920	15,714		−4.0%
1930	15,588		−0.8%
1940	14,659		−6.0%
1950	13,970		−4.7%
1960	14,960		7.1%
1970	15,509		3.7%
1980	16,581		6.9%
1990	15,548		−6.2%
2000	16,365		5.3%
2010	16,729		2.2%
2018 (est.)	16,396	[5]	−2.0%
US Decennial Census[6] 1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8] 1990-2000[9] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 16,729 people, 6,782 households, and 4,823 families residing in the county.^[10] The population density was 38.1 inhabitants per square mile (14.7/km²). There were 7,269 housing units at an average density of 16.6 per square mile (6.4/km²).^[3] The racial makeup of the county was 98.0% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population.^[10] In terms of ancestry, 26.1% were German, 21.9% were American, 15.2% were English, and 13.4% were Irish.^[11]

Of the 6,782 households, 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.4% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.9% were non-families, and 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age was 42.6 years.^[10]

The median income for a household in the county was $55,752 and the median income for a family was $65,850. Males had a median income of $50,425 versus $32,304 for females. The per capita income for the county was $26,492. About 5.1% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.^[12]

Communities[]

City[]

• Monticello (seat)

Villages[]

Census-designated places[]

• La Place
• White Heath

Other unincorporated communities[]

Former places[]

Townships[]

Politics[]

See also[]

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Piatt County

References[]

Coordinates: 40°01′N 88°35′W / 40.01°N 88.59°W / 40.01; -88.59