Sáros County

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Sáros County
Comitatus Sarossiensis  (Latin)
Sáros vármegye  (Hungarian)
Komitat Scharosch  (German)
Šarišská župa  (Slovak)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
13th century–1920
Coat of arms of Sáros
Coat of arms
Saros.png
CapitalEperjes
Area
 • Coordinates49°0′N 21°14′E / 49.000°N 21.233°E / 49.000; 21.233Coordinates: 49°0′N 21°14′E / 49.000°N 21.233°E / 49.000; 21.233
 
• 1910
3,652 km2 (1,410 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
174600
History 
• Established
13th century
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
Today part of Slovakia
Prešov is the current name of the capital.

Sáros (-Hungarian, Slovak: Šariš, Latin: comitatus Sarossiensis, German: Scharosch) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northeastern Slovakia. Today, Šariš is only an informal designation of the corresponding territory.

Geography[]

Map of Sáros county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)
Map of Sáros, 1891.
Former county of Sáros superimposed on map of contemporary Slovakia.

Sáros county shared borders with the Austrian crownland Galicia and the Hungarian counties Szepes, Abaúj-Torna and Zemplén. It was situated between the Levoča Hills (i.e., Szepesség (Spiš)), Kassa and Felső-Szvidnyik. The river Tarca flowed through the county. Its area was 3,652 km² around 1910.

Capitals[]

The capital of Sáros county was Sáros Castle. After various other towns, since 1647 the capital has been Eperjes.

History[]

Sáros county was created in the 13th century from the comitatus Novi Castri (Újvár County, named after Novum Castrum, today Abaújvár) which included also the territories of the later counties of Abaúj and Heves.

In the aftermath of World War I, most of Sáros county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. During World War II, when Czechoslovakia was divided, Šariš became part of the First Slovak Republic. Since 1993, Šariš has been part of Slovakia, located in the Prešov Region. Historically a prosperous region, it is nowadays relatively poor.

Demographics[]

1900[]

In 1900, the county had a population of 174,470 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]

Total:

According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]

Total:

  • Roman Catholic: 93,753 (53.8%)
  • Greek Catholic: 53,434 (30.6%)
  • Lutheran: 14,494 (8.3%)
  • Jewish: 12,262 (7.0%)
  • Calvinist: 487 (0.3%)
  • Greek Orthodox: 28 (0.0%)
  • Unitarian: 6 (0.0%)
  • Other or unknown: 6 (0.0%)

1910[]

Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).

In 1910, the county had a population of 174,620 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[3]

Total:

According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[4]

Total:

  • Roman Catholic: 94,223 (54.0%)
  • Greek Catholic: 52,938 (30.3%)
  • Lutheran: 14,224 (8.1%)
  • Jewish: 12,323 (7.1%)
  • Calvinist: 838 (0.5%)
  • Greek Orthodox: 61 (0.0%)
  • Unitarian: 12 (0.0%)
  • Other or unknown: 1 (0.0%)

Subdivisions[]

Sáros county administrative map.jpg

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Sáros county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
  Bártfa Bártfa (now Bardejov)
  Eperjes Eperjes (now Prešov)
  Felsővízköz Felsővízköz (now Svidník)
  Girált Girált (now Giraltovce
  Héthárs Héthárs (now Lipany)
  Kisszeben Kisszeben (now Sabinov)
  Lemes Lemes (now Lemešany)
  Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
Bártfa (now Bardejov)
Eperjes (now Prešov)
Kisszeben (now Sabinov)

References[]

  1. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  2. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  3. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  4. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
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