Simijaca Formation

Simijaca Formation Stratigraphic range: Cenomanian-Turonian ~100–90 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Villeta Group
Underlies	La Frontera Formation
Overlies	, , Hiló Fm., Pacho Fm.
Thickness	up to 693 m (2,270 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Mudstone
Other	Shale, sandstone, limestone
Location
Coordinates	5°29′15″N 73°50′55″W / 5.48750°N 73.84861°W / 5.48750; -73.84861Coordinates: 5°29′15″N 73°50′55″W / 5.48750°N 73.84861°W / 5.48750; -73.84861
Region	Altiplano Cundiboyacense Eastern Ranges, Andes
Country	Colombia
Type section
Named for	Simijaca
Named by	Ulloa & Rodríguez
Location	South of Simijaca
Year defined	1991
Coordinates	5°29′15″N 73°50′55″W / 5.48750°N 73.84861°W / 5.48750; -73.84861
Region	Cundinamarca, Boyacá
Country	Colombia
Thickness at type section	432 metres (1,420 ft)
Paleogeography of Northern South America 90 Ma, by Ron Blakey

The Simijaca Formation (Spanish: Formación Simijaca, K₂S, Kss) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly mudstone formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian and Cenomanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 693 metres (2,274 ft).

Etymology[]

The formation was defined and named in 1991 by Ulloa and Rodríguez after Simijaca, Cundinamarca.^[1]

Description[]

Lithologies[]

The Simijaca Formation is characterised by a sequence of mudstones, grey and black shales with sandstone and limestone intercalations.^[1][2]

Stratigraphy and depositional environment[]

The Simijaca Formation conformably overlies the , and the Hiló and Pacho Formations, and is overlain by the La Frontera Formation.^[3] The age has been estimated to be Turonian,^[1] or Cenomanian.^[4] Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the Chipaque Formation.^[5] The formation has been deposited in an platform setting.^[6] The deposition is represented by a maximum flooding surface.^[7]

Outcrops[]

Type locality of the Simijaca Formation on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense

The Simijaca Formation is apart from its type locality in the Quebrada Don Lope,^[2] found at surface in the north of the Bogotá savanna, in the Tabio anticlinal, along the road Ubaté-Carmen de Carupa,^[8] at the western and eastern flanks of the Aponsentos-Chiquinquirá Synclinal,^[9] near Tena, south of Anolaima and Cachipay,^[10] and between Anapoima and Granada.^[11]

Regional correlations[]

Cretaceous stratigraphy of the central Colombian Eastern Ranges

Age	Paleomap	VMM	Guaduas-Vélez		W Emerald Belt		Villeta anticlinal		Chiquinquirá- Arcabuco	Tunja- Duitama	Altiplano Cundiboyacense		El Cocuy
Maastrichtian							eroded		Guaduas
									Guadalupe
Campanian
					Oliní
Santonian			-
Coniacian			Oliní				Villeta	Conejo		Chipaque
				Loma Gorda	undefined			La Frontera
Turonian				Hondita	La Frontera
Cenomanian			hiatus					Simijaca
					Pacho Fm.			Hiló - Pacho		Une
Albian					Hiló						Une
								Capotes - -
Aptian					Capotes			Socotá - El Peñón	Paja		Fómeque
		Paja			Paja	El Peñón		Trincheras
							La Naveta
Barremian
Hauterivian												Las Juntas
		Rosablanca							Ritoque
Valanginian					Ritoque		- Murca		Rosablanca	hiatus		Macanal
					Rosablanca
Berriasian												Guavio
					Arcabuco
Sources

See also[]

Geology of the Eastern Hills

Geology of the Ocetá Páramo

Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense

References[]

Bibliography[]

• Acosta Garay, Jorge, and Carlos E. Ulloa Melo. 2001. Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000, 1-84. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-03-23.
• García González, Mario; Ricardo Mier Umaña; Luis Enrique Cruz Guevara, and Mauricio Vásquez. 2009. Informe Ejecutivo - evaluación del potencial hidrocarburífero de las cuencas colombianas, 1-219. Universidad Industrial de Santander.
• Montoya Arenas, Diana María, and Germán Alfonso Reyes Torres. 2005. Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá, 1–104. INGEOMINAS.
• Villamil, Tomas. 2012. Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, 161–216. Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM).

Maps[]

• Ulloa, Carlos E, and Erasmo Rodríguez. 2009. Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
• Fuquen M., Jaime A, and José F. Osorno M. 2009. Plancha 190 - Chiquinquirá - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
• Ulloa, Carlos, and Jorge Acosta. 1998. Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
• Montoya, Diana María, and Germán Reyes. 2009. Plancha 209 - Zipaquirá - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
• Ulloa, Carlos E; Erasmo Rodríguez, and Jorge E. Acosta. 1998. Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
• Acosta, Jorge E., and Carlos E. Ulloa. 1998. Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.

External links[]

• Gómez, J.; N.E. Montes; Á. Nivia, and H. Diederix. 2015. Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, 1. Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Accessed 2017-03-23.