Socotá Formation
Socotá Formation Stratigraphic range: Late Aptian ~ | |
---|---|
Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Villeta Group |
Underlies | El Peñón Fm., Hiló Fm., Capotes Fm. |
Overlies | Trincheras Formation |
Thickness | more than 255 m (837 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandstone |
Other | Shale |
Location | |
Coordinates | 4°31′19″N 74°33′06″W / 4.52194°N 74.55167°WCoordinates: 4°31′19″N 74°33′06″W / 4.52194°N 74.55167°W |
Region | Altiplano Cundiboyacense Eastern Ranges, Andes |
Country | Colombia |
Type section | |
Named for | Socotá, Apulo |
Named by | Cáceres & Etayo |
Location | Apulo |
Year defined | 1969 |
Coordinates | 4°31′19″N 74°33′06″W / 4.52194°N 74.55167°W |
Region | Cundinamarca |
Country | Colombia |
Paleogeography of Northern South America 120 Ma, by Ron Blakey |
The Socotá Formation (Spanish: Formación Socotá, Kis) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The formation consisting of a lower unit of calcareous sandstones and an upper sequence of shales dates to the Early Cretaceous period; Late Aptian epoch and in Quipile has a measured thickness of 255 metres (837 ft) with large regional variations. The formation hosts ammonite fossils.
Etymology[]
The formation was defined as a thicker sequence and named in 1969 by Cáceres and Etayo after Socotá, a vereda of Apulo, Cundinamarca.[1] The name Socotá in Muysccubun, the language of the native Muisca, means either "Land of the Sun and farmfields" or "Good harvest".[2]
Description[]
Lithologies[]
The Socotá Formation has a maximum thickness of 600 metres (2,000 ft), and is characterised by a lower sequence of calcareous sandstones and an upper part of shales. Fossils of the ammonites , Dufrenoyia sanctorum, , and Acanthoplites (?) leptoceratiforme have been found in the Socotá Formation.[1]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment[]
The Socotá Formation overlies the Trincheras Formation and is partly overlain by and partly time equivalent with the El Peñón Formation.[3] In other areas, the formation underlies the Capotes and Hiló Formations.[4][5] The age has been estimated to be Late Aptian. Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the , Caballos and Une Formations.[4][6] The formation has been deposited in a marine platform environment.[1] in terms of sequence stratigraphy, the Socotá Formation is part of a transgressive cycle.[7]
Outcrops[]
The Socotá Formation is apart from its type locality, found from Viotá in the south to Útica in the north.[1] The formation crops out on both sides of the Bogotá River in Anapoima and Apulo.[8][9][10]
Regional correlations[]
Age | Paleomap | VMM | Guaduas-Vélez | W Emerald Belt | Villeta anticlinal | Chiquinquirá- Arcabuco |
Tunja- Duitama |
Altiplano Cundiboyacense | El Cocuy | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maastrichtian | eroded | Guaduas | |||||||||||
Guadalupe | |||||||||||||
Campanian | |||||||||||||
Oliní | |||||||||||||
Santonian | - | ||||||||||||
Coniacian | Oliní | Conejo | Chipaque | ||||||||||
Loma Gorda | undefined | La Frontera | |||||||||||
Turonian | Hondita | La Frontera | |||||||||||
Cenomanian | hiatus | Simijaca | |||||||||||
Pacho Fm. | Hiló - Pacho | Une | |||||||||||
Albian | Hiló | Une | |||||||||||
Capotes - - | |||||||||||||
Aptian | Capotes | Socotá - El Peñón | Paja | Fómeque | |||||||||
Paja | Paja | El Peñón | Trincheras | ||||||||||
La Naveta | |||||||||||||
Barremian | |||||||||||||
Hauterivian | Las Juntas | ||||||||||||
Rosablanca | Ritoque | ||||||||||||
Valanginian | Ritoque | - Murca | Rosablanca | hiatus | Macanal | ||||||||
Rosablanca | |||||||||||||
Berriasian | Guavio | ||||||||||||
Arcabuco | |||||||||||||
Sources |
See also[]
- Geology of the Eastern Hills
- Geology of the Ocetá Páramo
- Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense
References[]
Bibliography[]
- Mapa Geológico del Departamento de Cundinamarca - 1:250,000 - Memoria explicativa, 1–108. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-05. , and . 2002.
- Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000, 1-84. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-05. , and . 2001.
- Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM). . 2012. Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, 161–216.
Maps[]
- Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06. ; , and . 1998.
- Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06. , and . 1998.
- Análisis de la vulnerabilidad del recurso hídrico subterráneo por la demanda de los balnearios en el turismo de bienestar, municipios Anapoima y Apulo (Cundinamarca), 1. Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Accessed 2017-06-05. . 2016.
External links[]
- Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, 1. Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Accessed 2017-06-05. ; ; , and . 2015.
- Geologic formations of Colombia
- Cretaceous Colombia
- Lower Cretaceous Series of South America
- Aptian Stage
- Sandstone formations
- Shale formations
- Open marine deposits
- Altiplano Cundiboyacense
- Geography of Cundinamarca Department
- Muysccubun