1719

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
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  • 17th century
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Decades:
  • 1690s
  • 1700s
  • 1710s
  • 1720s
  • 1730s
Years:
  • 1716
  • 1717
  • 1718
  • 1719
  • 1720
  • 1721
  • 1722
1719 by topic
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1719 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1719
MDCCXIX
Ab urbe condita2472
Armenian calendar1168
ԹՎ ՌՃԿԸ
Assyrian calendar6469
Balinese saka calendar1640–1641
Bengali calendar1126
Berber calendar2669
British Regnal year5 Geo. 1 – 6 Geo. 1
Buddhist calendar2263
Burmese calendar1081
Byzantine calendar7227–7228
Chinese calendar戊戌年 (Earth Dog)
4415 or 4355
    — to —
己亥年 (Earth Pig)
4416 or 4356
Coptic calendar1435–1436
Discordian calendar2885
Ethiopian calendar1711–1712
Hebrew calendar5479–5480
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1775–1776
 - Shaka Samvat1640–1641
 - Kali Yuga4819–4820
Holocene calendar11719
Igbo calendar719–720
Iranian calendar1097–1098
Islamic calendar1131–1132
Japanese calendarKyōhō 4
(享保４年)
Javanese calendar1643–1644
Julian calendarGregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar4052
Minguo calendar193 before ROC
民前193年
Nanakshahi calendar251
Thai solar calendar2261–2262
Tibetan calendar阳土狗年
(male Earth-Dog)
1845 or 1464 or 692
    — to —
阴土猪年
(female Earth-Pig)
1846 or 1465 or 693
June 10: Battle of Glen Shiel.

1719 (MDCCXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1719th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 719th year of the 2nd millennium, the 19th year of the 18th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1710s decade. As of the start of 1719, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events[]

January–March[]

  • January 8 – Carolean Death March begins: A catastrophic retreat by a largely-Finnish Swedish-Carolean army under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt across the Tydal mountains in a blizzard kills around 3,700 men and cripples a further 600 for life.[1]
  • January 23 – The Principality of Liechtenstein is created, within the Holy Roman Empire.[2]
  • February 3 (January 23 Old Style) – The Riksdag of the Estates recognizes Ulrika Eleonora's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as queen regnant of Sweden.
  • February 20 – The first Treaty of Stockholm is signed.
  • February 28 – Farrukhsiyar, the Mughal Emperor of India since 1713, is deposed by the Sayyid brothers, who install Rafi ud-Darajat in his place. In prison, Farrukhsiyar is strangled by assassins on April 19.
  • March 17 – The coronation of Ulrika Eleonora as Queen of Sweden takes place in Stockholm.

April–June[]

  • April 4 – The French army under James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick invades the Basque provinces of Spain, with 20,000 troops crossing into Navarre. [3]
  • April 19 – In Louisiana (New France), Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville's brother Serigny arrives on a French man-of-war, bringing news that war had been declared between France and Spain (from December 1718).
  • April 25 – Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe.
  • April 26 – King Philip V of Spain departs Madrid and leads 15,000 men of the Spanish Army into Navare to fight the French under Berwick. [4]
  • May 14 – In Louisiana (New France), Bienville, from Mobile, captures Pensacola, but Pensacola is later recaptured by the Spanish, and again re-taken by Bienville.[5]
  • June 4 – Battle of Ösel Island: A Russian naval force defeats the Swedish fleet.
  • June 18 – Captain John Perry fixes Dagenham Breach.
  • June 10 – Battle of Glen Shiel: British forces defeat the Jacobites and their Spanish allies.
  • June 20 – Battle of Francavilla: The Austrians are defeated by the Spanish.
  • June 30 – French forces under the Duke of Berwick open the Siege of San Sebastian

July–September[]

  • July 11 – Russia's Baltic Sea fleet is first spotted from the Swedish coast, starting the Russian Pillage of 1719–21 as part of the Great Northern War.
  • July 16 – The Carlsten fortress in Sweden surrenders to a Danish and Norwegian force after a siege of seven days. Colonel Henrich Danckwardt, who surrendered the fortress to Peter Tordenskjold after being away from it while it was still defensible, is beheaded on September 16.
  • August 13 – In the Battle of Stäket, Crown Prince Frederick I of Sweden leads the successful defense of Stockholm from Russian Admiral Fyodor Apraksin's Baltic Fleet during the Russian Pillage.
  • August 19 – Siege of San Sebastian. The Spanish garrison surrenders to the Duke of Berwick.
  • August 20 – Princess Maria Josepha of Austria, at one time the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria's Habsburg Empire, marries Frederick Augustus, Elector of Saxony ten days of renouncing any claim to the Austrian throne.
  • September 3 – The three-story tall Opernhaus am Zwinger, one of the largest opera houses in the world at the time, opens in Dresden by staging Antonio Lotti's Giovi in Argo. [6]
  • September 18 – James Figg claims the title of bare-knuckle boxing champion of England and defends his title 270 times before retiring in 1730.[7]
  • September 29 – Muhammad Shah is crowned as the 12th Mughal Emperor of India at Shahjahanabad (now Delhi), 12 days after the death of Shah Jahan II from tuberculosis. [8]

October–December[]

  • October 11 – Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda, the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, is assassinated in a bloody coup d'etat by supporters of the Archbishop of Manila, whom Bustamante had imprisoned.
  • October 14 – The British Army, under the command of Major General George Wade, invades and captures the forts of Vigo on the Atlantic coast of Spain. [9]
  • October 21 – The Red Canal is opened in the Russian capital, Saint Petersburg, after seven years of construction, at a ceremony in the presence of the Tsar Peter the Great. [10]
  • October 28 – Sweden and Denmark sign an armistice, halting combat in the Great Northern War between them, with final terms agreed to in the Treaty of Frederiksborg on July 3, 1720. [11]
  • November 9 – In a treaty between Sweden and Hanover at the close of the Great Northern War, Sweden cedes the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (in northern Germany) to Hanover.
  • December 22 – Andrew Bradford publishes the American Weekly Mercury, Pennsylvania's first newspaper.

Date unknown[]

  • Prussia conducts Europe's first systematic census.
  • Miners in Falun, Sweden find the apparently petrified body of Fet-Mats Israelsson (d. 1677), in an unused part of the copper mine.
  • Raine's Foundation School, Bethnal Green (founded by Henry Raine), opens in Wapping, England.

Births[]

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
  • November 30 – Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (d. 1772)
  • December 15 – Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1790)
  • date unknown
    • William Bradford, American revolutionary and printer (d. 1791)
    • Dominic Serres, French-born painter (d. 1793)
    • Thomas Sheridan, Irish actor (d. 1788)
    • Marie Marguerite Bihéron, French anatomist (d. 1795)
    • Thomas Elfe, successful colonial period furniture craftsman in Charleston, South Carolina (d. 1775)

Deaths[]

Joseph Addison
John Flamsteed

References[]

  1. ^ "The Carolean death march". karoliner.com. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
  2. ^ "Historical Events for Year 1719 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
  3. ^ H. E. L. Mellersh, ed. Chronology of World History, Volume 9 (ABC-CLIO, 1999) p. 532
  4. ^ "History of France— War with Spain", in The History of France: from the Earliest Period to the Present Time, by Thomas Wright (London Printing, 1856) Vol. II, p263
  5. ^ "Le Moyne de Bienville, Jean-Baptiste", University of Toronto, 2000, webpage:biog-ca-Bienville.
  6. ^ Fritz Löffler, Die Wiederholung der Orangeriebauten nach der Stadt und die vierte Zwingerseite in Der Zwinger in Dresden (E. A. Seemann Verlag, 1976) p. 35.
  7. ^ Henry Downes Miles, Pugilistica: the history of British boxing containing lives of the most celebrated pugilists )J. Grant, 1906) pp. 8–12
  8. ^ Zahir Uddin Malik, The reign of Muhammad Shah, 1719-1748 (Asia Publishing, 1977) p. 407
  9. ^ Charles Dalton, George The First's Army 1714~1727 (Oxford University, 1912) p. 7
  10. ^ (Миллионная улица) "Millionnaya Street", Walk SPB
  11. ^ Oswald Kuylenstierna, Striderna vid Göta älfs mynning åren 1717 och 1719 [The skirmishes at the mouth of Göta älv between 1717 and 1719] (in Swedish) (Norstedt, 1899) pp. 38-40
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